2025年英语考研201英语一真题汇编试卷（含答案）

2025年英语考研201英语一真题汇编试卷（含答案）考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______PartIUseofEnglishReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachblankfromthewordsgiveninthebox.Writeyouransweronthecorrespondinganswersheet.Note:Therearemorewordsthanneeded.Words:|A.|B.|C.|D.|E.|F.|G.|H.||:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---|:---||1.||||6.|||||2.||||7.|||||3.||||8.|||||4.||||9.|||||5.||||10.||||Text:Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)has1______profoundeffectsonvariousaspectsofourlives.Fromautomatingroutinetasksto2______complexdecisions,AIsystemsareincreasinglyintegratedintoourdailyroutines.However,thistechnologicaladvancementalsoraisessignificantethicalconcerns.Oneoftheprimary3______isthepotentiallossofjobs.AsAI-poweredmachinesbecomemoresophisticated,theymay4______numerouspositionstraditionallyperformedbyhumans.Thisshiftcouldleadtowidespreadunemploymentandeconomicinequalityifnotmanaged5______.AnothercriticalissueisthebiasinherentinAIalgorithms.Sincethesesystemslearnfromdata,theycanperpetuateandevenamplifyexistingsocietalbiases.Forinstance,facialrecognitiontechnologyhasbeenshowntobelessaccurateforpeoplewithdarkerskintones,reflectinghistoricalbiasesinthedatausedtotrainthemodels.This6______underscorestheneedfordiverseandrepresentativedatasetstoensurefairandunbiasedAIapplications.Furthermore,therapidpaceofAIdevelopment7______concernsaboutprivacyandsecurity.AsAIsystemscollectandanalyzevastamountsofpersonaldata,thereisariskofmisuseandunauthorizedaccess.EnsuringtheprotectionofindividualprivacyintheageofAIis8______crucial.Withoutrobustsafeguards,individualsmaybecomevulnerabletosurveillanceandmanipulation.TheethicalimplicationsofAIalsoextendtotherealmofautonomousweapons.Thedevelopmentoflethalautonomousweaponssystems(LAWS)raisesprofoundmoralquestionsaboutaccountabilityandthe9______ofhumandecision-makinginwarfare.Allowingmachinestomakelife-or-deathdecisionscould10______unintendedconsequencesandescalateconflicts.PartIIReadingComprehensionReadthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheet.PassageOneTheglobalclimatecrisisisarguablythemostsignificantchallengehumanityfacesinthe21stcentury.Risingtemperatures,meltingicecaps,andextremeweathereventsarebecomingincreasinglyfrequentandsevere,threateningecosystemsandhumansocietiesworldwide.Theprimarydriverofthiscrisisistheburningoffossilfuels,whichreleaseslargeamountsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.Thesegasestrapheat,leadingtoagradualincreaseinglobaltemperatures.Mitigatingtheeffectsofclimatechangerequiresamultifacetedapproach.Transitioningtorenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,iscrucial.Thesetechnologiesarebecomingincreasinglycost-effectiveandcansignificantlyreduceourrelianceonfossilfuels.Additionally,improvingenergyefficiencyinbuildings,transportation,andindustrycanhelpreducegreenhousegasemissions.Anotherimportantstrategyistheadoptionofsustainableagriculturalpractices.Agricultureisamajorcontributortogreenhousegasemissions,particularlythroughtheuseoffertilizersandlivestockfarming.Promotingagroecologyandpermaculturecanhelpreducetheseemissionswhileimprovingsoilhealthandbiodiversity.Despitetheurgencyofthesituation,progressinaddressingclimatechangehasbeenslow.Politicalleadersoftenprioritizeshort-termeconomicinterestsoverlong-termenvironmentalsustainability.Moreover,manydevelopingcountriesarguethatdevelopednationsareresponsibleforthemajorityofhistoricalemissionsandshouldtaketheleadinreducingtheirownemissions.However,theconsequencesofinactionaretooseveretoignore.TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)haswarnedthatfailuretolimitglobalwarmingto1.5degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevelscouldleadtocatastrophicconsequences,includingsea-levelrise,droughts,andfoodshortages.Itisimperativethatgovernments,businesses,andindividualstakeimmediateactiontoaddresstheclimatecrisis.Questions:1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)Theimpactofclimatechangeonhumansocieties.B)Theroleofrenewableenergyinmitigatingclimatechange.C)Thechallengesofaddressingtheglobalclimatecrisis.D)Theresponsibilitiesofdevelopednationsincombatingclimatechange.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarycauseofclimatechange?A)ThenaturalcycleoftheEarth'sclimatesystem.B)Thereleaseofgreenhousegasesfromindustrialactivities.C)Theburningoffossilfuels.D)Theincreaseinpopulationandurbanization.3.Whatstrategiesdoesthepassagesuggestformitigatingclimatechange?A)Relyingontechnologicaladvancementsalone.B)Transitioningtorenewableenergyandimprovingenergyefficiency.C)Increasingtheuseoffossilfuelstomeetenergydemands.D)Ignoringtheproblemandhopingitwillresolveitself.4.Whatisthepassagecriticalof?A)Theeffortsofdevelopingcountriestoreduceemissions.B)Theslowprogressinaddressingclimatechange.C)Theroleofinternationalorganizationsinclimatenegotiations.D)Theuseofsustainableagriculturalpractices.5.Whatisthemainmessageofthepassage?A)Climatechangeisnotaseriousthreatandcanbeeasilyignored.B)Immediateactionisneededtoaddresstheclimatecrisis.C)Developedcountriesshouldnotbeheldresponsibleforhistoricalemissions.D)Renewableenergyisnotaviablesolutiontoclimatechange.PassageTwoTheriseofsocialmediahastransformedthewaywecommunicate,shareinformation,andinteractwithoneanother.PlatformslikeFacebook,Twitter,andInstagramhavebillionsofusersworldwide,makingthempowerfultoolsforsocialandpoliticalmobilization.However,thespreadofmisinformationontheseplatformsisagrowingconcern.Misinformationreferstofalseormisleadinginformationthatisspreadunintentionally.Itcantakemanyforms,includingconspiracytheories,fakenews,andmanipulatedimages.Misinformationcanhaveseriousconsequences,particularlywhenitinfluencespublicopinionandpoliticaloutcomes.Forexample,duringthe2016USpresidentialelection,socialmediawasusedtospreadfalseinformationaboutbothcandidates,potentiallyswayingtheelectionresults.Thespreadofmisinformationisfacilitatedbyseveralfactors.First,socialmediaalgorithmsaredesignedtomaximizeengagement,whichoftenmeanspromotingcontentthatissensationaloremotionallycharged.Thiscreatesanenvironmentwherefalseinformationcanspreadrapidly.Second,thelackoffact-checkingandregulationonmanysocialmediaplatformsallowsmisinformationtogounchecked.effortsarebeingmadetocombatmisinformation.Socialmediacompanieshaveintroducedfact-checkinginitiatives,wheretheylabelpotentiallyfalsecontentandprovidelinkstocrediblesources.Additionally,journalistsandacademicsareworkingtodevelopstrategiesforpromotingmedialiteracy,whichistheabilitytocriticallyevaluateinformationandidentifybiases.Despitetheseefforts,thechallengeofmisinformationremainssignificant.Thesheervolumeofinformationsharedonsocialmediamakesitdifficulttoidentifyanddebunkfalsecontenteffectively.Moreover,theriseofdeepfakes,whicharerealisticaudioandvideorecordingsofindividualssayingordoingthingstheyneveractuallysaidordid,presentsanewandmoresophisticatedchallenge.Thespreadofmisinformationisnotjustatechnicalproblem;itisalsoasocialandpoliticalone.Itrequiresacollectiveeffortfromgovernments,socialmediacompanies,educators,andindividualstopromotecriticalthinkingandresponsibleinformationconsumption.Onlythencanwecreateamoreinformedanddemocraticsociety.Questions:6.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)Thebenefitsofsocialmediaforpoliticalmobilization.B)Theproblemofmisinformationonsocialmedia.C)Theroleofsocialmediaalgorithmsinspreadinginformation.D)Theeffortstocombatmisinformationonsocialmediaplatforms.7.Accordingtothepassage,whatismisinformation?A)Informationthatisspreadintentionallytodeceive.B)Informationthatisspreadunintentionallyandisfalseormisleading.C)Informationthatisverifiedandconfirmedbycrediblesources.D)Informationthatisoutdatedandnolongerrelevant.8.Whatfactorscontributetothespreadofmisinformationonsocialmedia?A)Thedesignofsocialmediaalgorithmsandthelackofregulation.B)Thehighnumberofusersonsocialmediaplatforms.C)Theeffortsofjournaliststopromotemedialiteracy.D)Theuseofdeepfakestocreatefalsecontent.9.Whataresomeeffortsbeingmadetocombatmisinformation?A)Imposingstricterregulationsonsocialmediaplatforms.B)Introducingfact-checkinginitiativesandpromotingmedialiteracy.C)Encouragingtheuseofsocialmediaforpoliticalactivism.D)Ignoringtheproblemandhopingitwillresolveitself.10.Whatisthemainmessageofthepassage?A)Socialmediaisnotasignificantsourceofmisinformation.B)Misinformationisacomplexproblemthatrequiresacollectiveefforttosolve.C)Deepfakesaretheonlyformofmisinformationthatweneedtobeconcernedabout.D)Socialmediacompaniesshouldbeheldresponsibleforallmisinformationspreadontheirplatforms.PassageThreeTheconceptof"glocalization"referstotheprocessofadaptingglobalproductsorservicestomeetthelocalneedsandpreferencesofdifferentmarkets.Thisapproachhasbecomeincreasinglyimportantintheageofglobalization,ascompaniesrecognizetheneedtobesensitivetoculturaldifferencesandlocaltastes.Glocalizationisnotsimplyabouttranslatingproductsintodifferentlanguages;itisaboutunderstandingthelocalcontextandadaptingtheproductorserviceaccordingly.OneofthemostsuccessfulexamplesofglocalizationisMcDonald's.Thefast-foodgianthasadapteditsmenutosuitthelocaltastesofdifferentcountries.InIndia,wherealargeportionofthepopulationisvegetarian,McDonald'soffersawiderangeofvegetarianoptions,suchastheMcAlooTikkiburger.InJapan,McDonald'soffersitemsliketheTeriyakiMcBurgerandtheEbiFilet-O(shrimpburger).TheseadaptationshaveallowedMcDonald'stosucceedinmarketswhereastandardizedmenumighthavefailed.Anotherexampleofglocalizationistheautomotiveindustry.Carmanufacturersoftenadapttheirvehiclestomeetthespecificneedsofdifferentmarkets.Forinstance,carssoldintheUnitedStatesaretypicallydesignedwithlargerenginesandmorepowerfulperformancefeatures,whilecarssoldinEuropeareoftenmorefuel-efficientandenvironmentallyfriendly.ThisisbecauseconsumersintheUnitedStatesgenerallyprioritizeperformance,whileconsumersinEuropearemoreconcernedaboutfuelefficiencyandenvironmentalimpact.Glocalizationisnotwithoutitschallenges.Adaptingaproductorservicetomeetlocalneedscanbeexpensiveandtime-consuming.Itrequirescompaniestoconductextensivemarketresearchandunderstandtheculturalnuancesofdifferentmarkets.Additionally,thereisalwaystheriskthatalocaladaptationmightnotbewell-receivedbytheglobalmarket.Despitethesechallenges,glocalizationisanecessarystrategyforcompaniesthatwanttosucceedintoday'sglobalizedworld.Byunderstandingandrespectinglocalcultures,companiescanbuildstrongerrelationshipswithcustomersandcreatemoreeffectiveproductsandservices.Glocalizationisnotjustaboutmakingmoney;itisaboutcreatingamoreinclusiveandculturallysensitiveglobalmarketplace.Questions:11.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)Thebenefitsofglobalizationforinternationalbusinesses.B)Theconceptofglocalizationanditsimportanceintheglobalmarketplace.C)Thechallengesfacedbycompaniesinadaptingtodifferentmarkets.D)Theroleofculturalsensitivityininternationalbusiness.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisglocalization?A)Theprocessofstandardizingproductsforglobalmarkets.B)Theprocessofadaptingglobalproductsorservicestomeetlocalneeds.C)Theprocessofexpandingacompany'soperationsintonewinternationalmarkets.D)Theprocessofpromotingacompany'sproductsindifferentcountries.13.Whatisanexampleofglocalizationprovidedinthepassage?A)McDonald'sofferingastandardizedmenuinallcountries.B)Carmanufacturersproducingthesamemodelofcarinallmarkets.C)McDonald'sadaptingitsmenutosuitlocaltastesindifferentcountries.D)Carmanufacturersofferingthesamefeaturesinallcarmodels.14.Whataresomechallengesofglocalization?A)Thecostandtimerequiredtoadaptproductstolocalneeds.B)Theriskofalienatingtheglobalmarketwithlocaladaptations.C)Thedifficultyofconductingmarketresearchindifferentcountries.D)Thelackofculturalunderstandingamongcompanyemployees.15.Whatisthemainmessageofthepassage?A)Glocalizationisnotnecessaryforcompaniesthatwanttosucceedglobally.B)Companiesshouldfocusonstandardizingtheirproductsratherthanadaptingthemtolocalmarkets.C)Glocalizationisacrucialstrategyforcompaniesthatwanttosucceedintheglobalmarketplace.D)Culturalsensitivityisnotimportantforcompaniesoperatingininternationalmarkets.PassageFourTheconceptof"darktourism"referstothetraveltositesassociatedwithdeath,suffering,andtragedy.Thistypeoftourismhasgainedpopularityinrecentyears,asmorepeoplebecomeinterestedinexploringthedarkeraspectsofhistoryandhumanexperience.Darktourismsitesincludebattlefields,concentrationcamps,prisons,anddisastersites,suchasthesiteofthe9/11attacksortheChernobylnucleardisaster.Thereareseveralreasonswhypeopleengageindarktourism.Forsome,itisawaytoconnectwithhistoryandunderstandthesufferingthathasoccurredthroughouthumanhistory.Forothers,itisawaytoreflectonthehumancapacityforbothcrueltyandresilience.Darktourismcanalsobeasourceofrevenueforlocalcommunities,asthesesitesoftenattracttouristsinterestedinuniqueandmorbidexperiences.However,darktourismisnotwithoutitscontroversies.Somearguethatvisitingsitesassociatedwithdeathandsufferingismorbidanddisrespectful.Theybelievethatthesesitesshouldbeleftundisturbedasaplaceofremembranceandreflection.Othersarguethatdarktourismcanbeapowerfultoolforeducationandremembrance,asitallowspeopletolearnabouthistoricaleventsandtheirconsequencesinatangibleway.Therearealsoethicalconcernssurroundingdarktourism.Forinstance,thereisariskthatdarktourismsitescanbecommercializedandturnedintotouristattractionsthatfocusonshockvalueratherthanhistoricalsignificance.Thiscanleadtoatrivializationoftheeventsthatoccurredatthesesitesandafailuretoproperlyrespectthevictims.Despitetheseconcerns,darktourismislikelytocontinuetogrowinpopularity.Aslongasitisconductedresponsiblyandwithsensitivity,darktourismcanbeapowerfultoolforeducation,remembrance,andreflection.Itallowspeopletoconfrontthedarkeraspectsofhumanhistoryandtoconsidertheimpactoftheseeventsonourworldtoday.Questions:16.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A)Thepopularityoftraveltohistoricalsites.B)Theconceptofdarktourismanditsimplications.C)Theethicalconcernssurroundingtourism.D)Theroleoftourisminpromotinghistoricalawareness.17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisdarktourism?A)Tourismtoscenicnaturallocations.B)Tourismtositesassociatedwithdeath,suffering,andtragedy.C)Tourismtohistoricalsitesthatarewell-preserved.D)Tourismtositesthatarepopularwithadventureseekers.18.Whataresomereasonswhypeopleengageindarktourism?A)Toescapefromthestressesofeverydaylife.B)Toconnectwithhistoryandunderstandhumansuffering.C)Toseekoutnewandexcitingexperiences.D)Tovisitfamouslandmarksandtouristattractions.19.Whataresomecontroversiessurroundingdarktourism?A)Whetheritismorbidanddisrespectfultovisitthesesites.B)Whetheritisethicaltoprofitfromthesesites.C)Whetheritissafefortouriststovisitthesesites.D)Whetheritispossibletoproperlyrespectthevictimsoftheseevents.20.Whatisthemainmessageofthepassage?A)Darktourismisnotalegitimateformoftourism.B)Darktourismshouldbeavoidedatallcosts.C)Darktourismcanbeapowerfultoolforeducationandremembranceifconductedresponsibly.D)Darktourismissolelydrivenbymorbidcuriosity.PartIIITranslationTranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hashadaprofoundimpactontheglobaljobmarket.WhileAIhasthepotentialtoincreaseproductivityandcreatenewjobopportunities,italsoposesasignificantthreattocertainindustriesandjobroles.AutomationandAI-poweredsystemsareincreasinglycapableofperformingtasksthatweretraditionallydonebyhumans,leadingtoconcernsaboutjobdisplacementandwagestagnation.However,theimpactofAIonthejobmarketisnotpredetermined.Itwilldependonhowsocietiesadapttothesetechnologicalchangesandhowtheyinvestineducationandretrainingprogramstohelpworkersacquiretheskillsneededforthefuture.ThechallengeforpolicymakersistocreateaframeworkthatmaximizesthebenefitsofAIwhileminimizingitsnegativeconsequences,ensuringasmoothtransitionforworkersandamoreequitabledistributionofthegainsfromtechnologicalprogress.PartIVWritingWriteanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Thepictureshowsapersonstandinginfrontofalargescreen,lookingconfusedandoverwhelmed.Thescreendisplaysavarietyofinformation,includingnewsheadlines,socialmediaposts,emails,andinstantmessages.Theperson'sexpressionsuggeststhattheyarestrugglingtokeepupwiththeconstantflowofinformation.Youressayshoulddescribethepictureandexplainwhatitconveysabouttheinformationagewelivein.Youmayalsosuggestwhatpeoplecandotomanagetheinformationoverloadandimprovetheirwell-being.(Imagineapicturehere:apersonstandinginfrontofalargescreen,lookingconfusedandoverwhelmed.Thescreendisplaysavarietyofinformation.)试卷答案PartIUseofEnglish1.A2.B3.C4.D5.E6.F7.G8.H9.A10.B解析：1.Aprofound：深刻的。Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hashadaprofoundimpactonvariousaspectsofourlives.（人工智能的快速发展对我们的生活各个方面产生了深远的影响。）2.Bautomate：自动化。Fromautomatingroutinetaskstomakingcomplexdecisions,AIsystemsareincreasinglyintegratedintoourdailyroutines.（从自动化日常任务到做出复杂决策，人工智能系统越来越深入我们的日常生活。）3.Cjobs：工作。Oneoftheprimaryconcernsisthepotentiallossofjobs.（一个主要担忧是潜在的失业。）4.Dtakeover：取代。AsAI-poweredmachinesbecomemoresophisticated,theymaytakeovernumerouspositionstraditionallyperformedbyhumans.（随着人工智能驱动机器变得更加复杂，它们可能会取代人类传统上执行的许多职位。）5.Eeffectively：有效地。Thisshiftcouldleadtowidespreadunemploymentandeconomicinequalityifnotmanagedeffectively.（如果不有效地管理这种转变，它可能导致大规模失业和经济不平等。）6.Fethical：道德的。ThisethicalissueunderscorestheneedfordiverseandrepresentativedatasetstoensurefairandunbiasedAIapplications.（这个道德问题强调了需要多样化和具有代表性的数据集，以确保公平和无偏见的AI应用。）7.Grapid：快速的。TherapidpaceofAIdevelopmentraisesconcernsaboutprivacyandsecurity.（人工智能快速的发展引发了隐私和安全的担忧。）8.Hcrucial：至关重要的。EnsuringtheprotectionofindividualprivacyintheageofAIiscrucial.（在人工智能时代确保个人隐私至关重要。）9.Iaccountability：问责制。TheethicalimplicationsofAIalsoextendtotherealmofautonomousweapons.Thedevelopmentoflethalautonomousweaponssystems(LAWS)raisesprofoundmoralquestionsaboutaccountabilityandtheroleofhumandecision-makinginwarfare.（人工智能的道德影响也扩展到自主武器领域。致命性自主武器系统（LAWS）的开发引发了关于问责制和人类决策在战争中的作用深刻的道德问题。）10.Junintendedconsequences：意想不到的后果。Allowingmachinestomakelife-or-deathdecisionscouldleadtounintendedconsequencesandescalateconflicts.（允许机器做出生或死的决定可能会导致意想不到的后果并加剧冲突。）PartIIReadingComprehension1.C2.C3.B4.B5.B6.B7.B8.A9.B10.B11.B12.B13.C14.A15.C16.B17.B18.B19.A20.C解析：1.文章主要讨论全球气候危机及其带来的挑战和应对措施。选项C“应对全球气候危机的挑战”最符合文章主旨。2.文章明确指出，化石燃料的燃烧是气候变化的primarydriver（主要驱动因素）。选项C“燃烧化石燃料”是正确答案。3.文章提出了多种应对气候变化的策略，包括转向可再生能源和提高能源效率。选项B“转向可再生能源和提高能源效率”最全面地概括了这些策略。4.文章批评了应对气候变化进展缓慢的问题，特别是政治领导人对短期经济利益的关注超过了对长期环境可持续性的关注。选项B“应对气候变化的缓慢进展”是正确答案。5.文章的主要信息是，应对气候变化的危机需要立即采取行动。选项B“立即采取行动应对气候危机”最符合文章的主要信息。6.文章主要讨论社交媒体上的虚假信息问题。选项B“社交媒体上虚假信息的问题”最符合文章主旨。7.文章将虚假信息定义为无意中传播的虚假或误导性信息。选项B“无意中传播的虚假或误导性信息”是正确答案。8.文章指出，社交媒体算法的设计和缺乏监管是导致虚假信息传播的因素。选项A“社交媒体算法的设计和缺乏监管”是正确答案。9.文章提到了一些应对虚假信息的努力，包括事实核查计划和提高媒体素养。选项B“引入事实核查计划和提高媒体素养”