2025年风景园林考研英语一模拟试卷（含答案）

2025年风景园林考研英语一模拟试卷（含答案）考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______PartIClozeReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachblankfromthewordsgiveninthebox.Writeyouranswersontheanswersheet.Note:Therearemorewordsthanneeded.|alsoavailable|||||:--------------|:-:|:-:|:-:||regarding|||||landscape|||||sustainable|||||initiative|||||enhance|||||approximately|||||particularly|||||component|||||implementation||||Therapidurbanizationacrossmanyglobalcitieshasledtosignificantchallengesin1.Onecriticalissueisthelossofgreenspaces,whichareessentialfor2theurbanenvironmentandimprovingthequalityoflifeforresidents.Various3havebeenproposedtoaddressthisproblem,buttheireffectivenessoftendependsoncarefulplanningand4.Arecentstudy,5focusedonthecityofGreenfield,examinedtheimpactofintegratinggreeninfrastructureintourbanplanning.Theresearchfoundthatsuch6could7biodiversityand8airquality,9reducingtheurbanheatislandeffect.Greeninfrastructureincludeselementslikeparks,communitygardens,greenroofs,andbioswales.10,greenroofs,11theirabilitytoabsorbrainwaterandinsulatebuildings,emergedasaparticularly12solutionforenhancingurbansustainability.However,thesuccessful13oftheseinitiativesrequiresnotonlyfinancialinvestmentbutalsocommunityengagementandlong-termmaintenancestrategies.PartIIReadingComprehensionReadthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingthebestanswer(A,B,CorD)fromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Markyouranswersontheanswersheet.Text1Theconceptof"restoration"inlandscapearchitecturehasevolvedsignificantlyoverthepastcentury.Earlyapproachesoftenfocusedonreturninglandscapestoaperceived"natural"or"pristine"state,sometimesignoringthecomplexhistoricallayersandhumaninfluencesthathaveshapedthem.Thistop-down,idealizedviewsometimesledtotheremovalofculturallysignificantstructuresorthesuppressionofnon-nativeplantspeciesdeemed"undesirable,"oftenwithoutfullunderstandingoftheirecologicalrole.Morecontemporaryperspectives1recognizethatrestorationisnotabouterasingthepastbutaboutunderstandingandmanaginglandscapesinawaythat2bothecologicalhealthandculturalvalues.Thismightinvolvepreservinghistoricalfeatures,managinginvasivespeciesmorestrategically,orcreatinghybridlandscapesthatacknowledgemultiplelayersofhistory.Suchapproaches3amorenuancedunderstandingofhuman-naturerelationshipsandemphasizetheimportanceofcontextinrestorationprojects.Questions:1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Earlylandscaperestorationmethodswereoverlysimplisticandoftenfailedtoconsiderhistoricalcontext.B.Contemporarylandscapearchitectsnowuniversallyagreeonasingledefinitionofrestoration.C.Theconceptofrestorationhaschangedfromanidealizedviewtoamorecomplexandcontext-sensitiveapproach.D.Invasiveplantspeciesarenolongerconsideredaprobleminmodernlandscapearchitecture.2.Theword"pristine"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.ModernizedB.UntouchedC.CultivatedD.Preserved3.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeycharacteristicofcontemporaryrestorationapproaches?A.Theyprioritizetheremovalofallnon-nativeelements.B.Theyaimtocompletelyrecreatehistoricallandscapes.C.Theyacknowledgetheimportanceofhistoryandculturalvaluesalongsideecologicalgoals.D.Theyareprimarilyfocusedonlarge-scaleparkcreation.Text2Urbanheatislands(UHIs)representasignificantenvironmentalissueincitiesworldwide,wheretemperaturesareconsistentlyhigherthaninsurroundingruralareas.Thisphenomenonisprimarilydrivenbytheurbanlandsurfacecharacteristicsandhumanactivities.Darksurfaceslikeasphaltandconcreteabsorbandretainmoresolarradiationthannaturallandscapeslikeforestsorwetlands.Additionally,thelackofvegetationinurbanareasreducesthecoolingeffectprovidedbyshadingandevapotranspiration.Buildingscreatecomplexsurfacesthattrapheat,whilewasteheatfromvehicles,industrialprocesses,andairconditioningsystemsfurthercontributestohighertemperatures.UHIscanleadtoincreasedenergyconsumptionforcooling,poorerairquality,andadversehealtheffects,particularlyforvulnerablepopulations.StrategiestomitigateUHIs1incorporatingmoregreenandblueinfrastructure,suchasincreasingvegetationcover,usingcoolroofmaterials,andexpandingwaterbodies.Theseinitiativescanhelpreducesurfacetemperatures,improveairquality,andenhanceoverallurbancomfort.Questions:4.Whatistheprimarycauseofurbanheatislandsmentionedinthepassage?A.Geographicallocationofcities.B.Increasedpopulationdensity.C.Darksurfacesandreducedvegetation.D.Higherlevelsofindustrialactivity.5.Theword"mitigate"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.ExacerbateB.CauseC.ReduceD.Study6.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacontributortourbanheatislands?A.Darkbuildingmaterials.B.Wasteheatfromvehicles.C.Abundanttreecover.D.Airconditioningsystems.Text3Theroleofcommunitygardensinurbanenvironmentsisincreasinglyrecognizedasmultifacetedandbeneficial.Beyondprovidingaccesstofreshproduce,thesegreenspaces1opportunitiesforcommunitybuilding,skill-sharing,andenvironmentaleducation.Theyoftenserveasfocalpointsforsocialinteraction,bringingtogetherpeoplefromdiversebackgroundswhoshareacommoninterestingardening.Communitygardenscanalso2localfooddesertsbyincreasingaccesstonutritiousfood.Furthermore,theycontributetourbanbiodiversitybycreatinghabitatsforpollinatorsandotherwildlife,andtheyhelpmanagestormwaterrunoffthroughvegetationandsoilabsorption.Engagingingardenactivitieshasbeenlinkedtoimprovedmentalhealthandwell-being,offeringarespitefromthestressesofurbanliving.However,the3oftheseinitiativesoftenfaceschallenges,includingsecuringlandaccess,obtainingfunding,andensuringlong-termsustainability.Collaborativegovernancemodels,involvingcommunitymembers,localgovernments,andnon-profitorganizations,areoftencrucialforovercomingthesehurdles.Questions:7.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?A.Theeconomicbenefitsofsellingproducefromcommunitygardens.B.Thevariouspositiveimpactsofcommunitygardensonurbancommunitiesandenvironments.C.Thedifficultiesfacedbygardenersinfooddeserts.D.Thehistoryofcommunitygardeningmovementsworldwide.8.Theword"multifaceted"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.Single-purposeB.LimitedC.DiverseandcomplexD.Expensive9.Accordingtothepassage,whatisasignificantchallengeinmaintainingcommunitygardens?A.Lackofinterestfromlocalresidents.B.Insufficientfundingandlandaccess.C.Problemswithpestsanddiseases.D.Overcrowdinginthegardenspaces.Text4Sustainablelandscapedesignprinciplesarebecomingevermoreintegraltotheplanninganddevelopmentofbuiltenvironments.Theseprinciples1minimizingenvironmentalimpactwhileenhancingaestheticandfunctionalvalue.Keyconsiderationsincludetheuseofnativeplantsthatareadaptedtolocalclimateconditionsandrequirelesswaterandmaintenanceonceestablished.Rainwaterharvestingandmanagementsystemsareoftenincorporatedtoreducerelianceonmunicipalwatersuppliesandmanagestormwatersustainably.Sustainabledesignalsoemphasizestheuseofrecycledorlocallysourcedmaterials,reducingthecarbonfootprintassociatedwithtransportationandresourceextraction.Additionally,strategiesforreducingheatislandeffects,suchasusingpermeablepavementsandincorporatinggreenroofs,areincreasinglyadopted.Theintegrationofsustainablepracticesnotonlybenefitstheenvironmentbutalsooftenleadstocostsavingsoverthelongtermthroughreducedenergyandwaterconsumption.Achievingtruesustainabilityinlandscapedesignrequiresaholisticapproachthatconsiderstheentirelifecycleofaproject,frominitialplanningtolong-termmaintenance.Questions:10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Nativeplantsaretheonlysustainableoptionforlandscapedesign.B.Sustainablelandscapedesignfocusesonreducingenvironmentalimpactthroughvariousintegratedstrategies.C.Usingrecycledmaterialsisthemostcost-effectiveaspectofsustainabledesign.D.Greenroofsareprimarilyforaestheticpurposesinsustainablelandscapes.11.Theword"integral"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.OptionalB.EssentialC.ExpensiveD.Innovative12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasustainablelandscapedesignstrategy?A.Usingnativeplants.B.Implementingrainwaterharvesting.C.Minimizingwaterusage.D.Constructinghigh-risebuildingswithextensivegreenroofs.PartIIINewTypeQuestionsDirections:Thefollowingpassageisdividedintoparagraphs(1)–(5).BelowthepassageyouwillfindfiveparagraphsmarkedA,B,C,D,andE.Choosethemostsuitableparagraphtofilleachnumberedblankaccordingtothepassage.Thereisoneparagraphthatdoesnotfitanywhereinthepassage.Markyouranswersontheanswersheet.TheFutureofUrbanGreenSpaces(1)Ascitiescontinuetogrow,theprovisionandmanagementofgreenspaceshavebecomeincreasinglyimportant.Beyondtheiraestheticvalue,thesespacesoffernumerousenvironmental,social,andhealthbenefits.However,traditionalapproachestogreenspaceplanningoftenprioritizeformoverfunctionandfailtofullyintegrategreenspacesintotheurbanfabric.(2)Innovativedesignstrategiesareneededtocreatemorefunctionalandresilienturbangreenspacesthatcanadapttofuturechallenges.Thisrequiresashiftinperspective,movingawayfromviewinggreenspacesasisolatedparkstowardsseeingthemasinterconnectedcomponentsoftheurbanecosystem.(3)Incorporatingbiodiversityintogreenspacedesignisonekeystrategy.Thiscaninvolvecreatingvariedhabitatsthatsupportawiderrangeofplantandanimalspecies,therebyenhancingecologicalstabilityandresilience.(4)Anotherimportantconsiderationistheintegrationofgreeninfrastructuretechnologies,suchasbioswalesandgreenroofs,whichcanprovidepracticalbenefitslikestormwatermanagementandtemperatureregulation.(5)Furthermore,greenspacesshouldbedesignedtopromotesocialinteractionandcommunityengagement,offeringplacesforrecreation,relaxation,andculturalactivities.A.Achievingthisintegrationrequiresinterdisciplinarycollaborationbetweenlandscapearchitects,urbanplanners,ecologists,andsocialscientists.B.Thisholisticapproachrecognizesthatgreenspacesarevitalfortheoverallhealthandwell-beingofurbanpopulations.C.Suchtechnologiesnotonlycontributetoenvironmentalsustainabilitybutalsoenhancetheaestheticappealofurbanareas.D.Forexample,bioswalescanfilterpollutantsfromstormwaterrunoff,improvingwaterquality.E.Unfortunately,manyexistinggreenspaceslackthislevelofconnectivityandfunctionality.Directions:Writeashortpassageofabout80wordsbasedontheinformationgiveninthetablebelow.Youshouldcoverallthepointsmentionedinthetableinyourpassage.Writeyourpassageontheanswersheet.ComponentsofaSustainableLandscapeDesignProject|Component|KeyConsideration||:------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------||PlantSelection|Prioritizenativespeciesanddrought-tolerantplants.||WaterManagement|Implementefficientirrigationsystemsandutilizerainwaterharvestingtechniques.||MaterialSourcing|Userecycled,locallysourced,orsustainablematerialswheneverpossible.||SiteAnalysis|Assesssunexposure,windpatterns,soilquality,andexistingvegetation.||UserNeeds|Designforaccessibilityanddiverserecreationalopportunities.|PartIVTranslationTranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.Writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.近年来，随着城市化进程的加速，城市绿地系统规划日益受到重视。建设高质量的城市公园、绿道网络和社区花园，不仅能够改善城市生态环境，提升居民生活品质，也是增强城市韧性和可持续发展能力的重要途径。这些绿地系统需要科学规划，整合考虑生态功能、游憩功能和文化传承功能，并采用可持续的设计和建设技术，以实现长期的生态效益和社会效益。PartVWritingYouareallowed30minutestowriteanessayofnolessthan150wordsbasedonthefollowingpicture.Writeyouressayontheanswersheet.(Picturedescription:Apictureshowingalarge,bustlingcitystreetwithtallbuildingsoneitherside.Intheforeground,thereisasmall,well-maintainedcommunitygardenwithcolourfulflowers,vegetables,andabench.Peopleofdifferentagesandbackgroundsareseenenjoyingthegarden,takingabreakfromthebusycitylife.)---试卷答案PartICloze1.regarding2.enhance3.initiative4.implementation5.regarding6.component7.enhance8.component9.component10.particularly11.particularly12.sustainable13.implementationPartIIReadingComprehension1.C2.B3.C4.C5.C6.C7.B8.C9.B10.B11.B12.DPartIIINewTypeQuestions1.E2.B3.A4.C5.DPartIVTranslationInrecentyears,withtheaccelerationofurbanization,theplanningofurbangreenspacesystemshasbeen日益受到重视.Constructinghigh-qualityurbanparks,greenwaynetworks,andcommunitygardensnotonlyimprovestheurbanecologicalenvironmentandenhancesthequalityofresidents'livesbutalsoservesasanimportantwaytoenhanceurbanresiliencean