2025-2026学年高考二轮精准复习：重难点06 阅读理解之词义猜测题解题技巧（原卷版）

2025-2026学年高考二轮精准复习 重难点06阅读理解之词义猜测题解题技巧词义猜测题是高考英语阅读理解中的常见题型。主要考查考生根据上下文语境来推测单词、短语或句子含义的能力。在阅读过程中，考生难免会遇到一些生词或具有特殊含义的词汇，这种题型就是检验考生能否通过文章的线索和逻辑关系来理解这些词汇的真实意思。它不仅要求考生有一定的词汇量，还需要具备较强的语境理解能力。高考英语对于词义猜测题的考查，每年都有一到两题。该题型涉及的文章体裁丰富多样，无论是记叙文、说明文还是议论文都有可能出现词义猜测题。尤其是科技类说明文中，作者通常会对一些关键词或专业术语进行解释。常见的有对该词下定义或后跟同位语、定语从句、冒号、破折号、括号等引出解释说明部分。通过阅读定义或解释部分，读者便可理解该词或短语的意思。而且，被猜测的词可能是超纲词，也可能是熟悉词汇的生僻含义。【高分技巧】1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。标点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。例如：①Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.句子给予了annealing一个明确的定义，即“退火”。②Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.从thatis(也就是说)后的解释中我们可以了解到，brittle是“脆的”意思。③Theherdsman,_wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.定语从句中looksaftersheep就表明了herdsman的词义为“牧人”。④Theweatherinthisareaistreacherous;_itssuddenchangesoftenendangerthelivesofsailors.分号后的句子在解释什么样的天气是treacherous,suddenchange与treacherous在语义上相对应，因此含义是“突变的”。⑤Somegoodreadersfindithelpfultousetheirsensetovisualize—orpicture—whattheyread.visualize的意思由破折号后的picture(想象)给出了说明，因此含义为“想象”。⑥WhenPresidentTorrijosofPanamametCarter,hetriedtogivehimafriendlyabrazo(hug)．abrazo对大多数人来说都很陌生，但由括号内的hug(拥抱)，我们不难推测abrazo也是“拥抱”的意思。例子1Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation­stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.29．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Complex. B．Advanced.C．Powerful. D．Modern.[分析]根据画线词所在句子可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，而逐渐被英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代，画线词前后的解释暗示了这些语言逐渐占主导地位，故选C项powerful(强大的，有影响力的)。2.根据同位关系进行猜测阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，因此可利用同位关系对前面的词义或句意进行猜测。例如：①Theytraveledalongway,atlastgottoacastle,_alargebuildinginoldtimes.同位语部分“alargebuildinginoldtimes”给出了castle的确切词义，即古时候的“城堡”。②Weareonthenight_shift—frommidnightto8a．m.—thisweek.两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明nightshift是“夜班”的意思。③The“Chunnel”，atunnel(隧道)connectingEnglandandFrance,isnowcomplete.此句中“atunnel(隧道)connectingEnglandandFrance”是Chunnel的同位语。因此，Chunnel指的就是英法之间的海底隧道。例子2IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcellcourier.SinceMarch2012,I'vedone89trips—ofthose,51havebeenabroad.Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast.Inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐献者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we'vegot72hoursatmost.SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.29．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph1?A．provider B．deliverymanC．collector D．medicaldoctor[分析]“avolunteerstemcellcourier”是“PeterHodes”的同位语；根据文中“Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittlebox”可知，PeterHodes的任务就是将捐献者捐献的干细胞运送给需要的病人，即作者是干细胞递送员。故选择B项。3.根据构词法(前缀、后缀、派生等)进行猜测在英语中，有很多词可以通过增加前缀和后缀的方式，构成新词。乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但在掌握了一定的构词知识之后，就不难猜出它的词义。例如：①“Ourpartiesareaimedforchildren2to10，”Anacleriosaid,“andthey'reveryinteractiveandcreativeinthattheybuiltasenseofdramabasedonasubject.”文中interactive是由前缀inter­(相互的)和active(活动的，活跃的)构成的，同时根据上下文的意思可以判断，该词的含义应是“互动的”。②Perhaps,wecanseesomepossibilitiesfornextfiftyyears.Butthenexthundred?possibility是possible的同根名词，据此可以判断possibility的意思是“可能性”。例子3Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,uneasiness,_orworry.[分析]根据构词法知识我们可知，un­为否定前缀，­ness为名词后缀，easy(舒适)为词根。因此，我们可猜测uneasiness为“不安；担忧”之意。4.根据因果关系进行猜测在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。例如：①Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken.Sometimestheweaknesswaspermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”可以推测permanent的意思为“永远的，永久的”。②Marydidn'tnoticemewhenIcameintotheclassroom,becauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.从前面的结果“当我走进教室时，玛丽没有注意到我”可以推测engrossed的意思为“全神贯注的”。③Ourvisionwasobscuredbythetrees,sowecouldn'tseethelakefromourwindow.由后面的结果couldn'tsee(看不见)可知，我们的视线被树遮挡住(obscured)了。例子4Ifyouhavea_juicer,_youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“softserve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.26．Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?A．Adessert. B．Adrink.C．Acontainer. D．Amachine.[分析]该段第一句含有一个if引导的条件状语从句，若满足该条件，则产生的结果是第一句的后半句和第二句，“youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa‘soft­serve’creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.”即“将冰冻香蕉和其他莓类、水果片放进去，出来的是奶油状甜品”。由此因果关系可推知juicer指的是榨汁机。故选择D项。5.根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测文章中的代词it,that,he,him或them可以指代上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指代一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时也需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事物。例如：①LikeSchmid,theeditorsofseveralself­publishedartmagazinesalsochampion(捍卫)foundphotographs.Oneofthem,_calledsimplyFound,wasbornonesnowynightinChicago,whenDavyRothbardreturnedtohiscartofindunderhiswiper(雨刷)anangrynoteintendedforsomeoneelse：“Why'syourcarHEREatHERplace？”them指的是前面出现的self­publishedartmagazines。②However,thequestionthat“moonpeople”askedisstillaninterestingone.Agrowingnumberofscientistsareseriouslythinkingaboutit.it指的是月球人(moonpeople)所问的问题(thequestion)。例子5[2]Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU．S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.[3]It'sJasonMoran'sjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCenter'sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.…29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A．Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B．Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C．Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D．Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.[分析]根据语境可知，画线词that指代第二段“Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU．S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.”的内容，即爵士乐听众的数量减少并且趋于老龄化，不受年轻人喜欢的现状。故选C。6.根据同义或近义关系进行猜测在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调、重复，有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因此，考生只要读懂上下文，知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另外一个词的意思。Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmore_is_morewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.例子6…32．Whatdothewords“moreismore”inparagraph1probablymean?A．Themore,thebetter.B．Enoughisenough.C．Moremoney,moreworries.D．Earnmoreandspendmore.[分析]根据该段第一句“Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.”可知，作者认为成年人都理解物质过剩的那种感觉，后面又用反问句提出了问题：但是，说到孩子们和他们的物品，我们为什么通常又认定moreismore呢？由此推知，这里的moreismore与前面的floodedwith为近义呼应，指“越多越好”。故选A。7.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测根据上下句的连接词，如but,however,otherwise等可以推断上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而可以依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。例如：①Achild'sbirthdaypartydoesn'thavetobeahassle;_itcanbeabasketoffun.从分号前后两句的意思可以看出，hassle和abasketoffun是相反的意义，所以不难判断hassle的意思是“困难，麻烦”。②Sheisusuallypromptforallherclass,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.but一词表示转折，因此but前后的意思正好相反。根据后半句的意思“她今天第一节课上了一半才来”，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。③TheplayersintheWorldCupareprofessionals,whilethosewhoplayintheOlympicsmustbeamateurs.由于转折词“while”引导的两个分句前后意义相反，我们可推测出amateurs是professionals(专业人士)的反义词，意思为“业余人士，业余选手”。例子7…GraywolvesoncewereseenhereandthereintheYellowstoneareaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates,buttheyweregraduallydisplacedbyhumandevelopment.Bythe1920s,wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfromtheYellowstonearea.TheywentfarthernorthintothedeepforestsofCanada,wheretherewerefewerhumansaround.…29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“displaced”inparagraph2mean?A．Tested. B．Separated.C．Forcedout. D．Trackeddown.[分析]画线词的前句说明在黄石公园和美洲大部分地区曾有许多的灰狼，连词but转折了句子意义，后来由于人类的发展，灰狼数量逐渐减少，几乎消失，由此可推断出画线词的意思为“被迫离开”，故选择C项。（建议用时：40分钟）（2024·上海徐汇·一模）CarolineRobbinsknewthatthefirstdayofschoolwasvery,veryimportant.Why?Becausethatwasthedaywhenyouchosewhereyouwouldsitfortheentireyear.Carolinerealizedthatinsomeclassesthischoicewouldbemadeforher.Theteacherwouldplacestudentsinalphabetical(按字母顺序的)order,meaningshewouldhavetositinfrontofZachRodgersyetagain.ZachwasattractedbyCaroline,andwoulddistractherfromherworkbypassingnotesandtellingjokestoimpressher.Ingeneral,beingaRobbinswasprettygood,buthavingtositinfrontofZachwasdefinitelyadrawback.Inherotherclasses,though,Carolinewouldbesuretochoosejusttherightseat.Carolinelikedtothinkofherselfasoneofthecoolkids,butshealsodidwellinschoolandlikedlearning.So,Carolinewantedtositclosetothecoolkids,butnottooclose,orshewouldbemoreinterestedintalkingthanpayingattention.Shealsoknewthatitwasgoodtobefriendswiththesmartkids,becausetheycouldhelpCarolinewithherschoolwork.However,shedidn’twanttosittooclosetothesmartkids.Unfortunately,atCaroline’sschool,thesmartkidsandthecoolkidswerenotthesamekids.Carolinehadallofthisinmindasshewalkedthroughtheschool’sfrontdooronthefirstday.Sheknewwhereherfirstclasswas,butshedidn’twanttobethefirstonethere.Ifyouwerethefirstonethere,youdidn’thaveanycontrolatall!Otherpeoplegottochoosehowclosetheysattoyou,nottheotherwayaround.Thissimplywouldnotdo.So,shetookhertimewalkingdownthehall,takingaminutetotalktoherfriendAlma,whomshehadn’tseenfortheentiresummer.Atlast,shewalkedthroughthedoorofherfirstclass,andthereitwas,theperfectseat!TwoseatsawayfromJasmine,thesmartestgirlinherentiregrade,andjustinfrontofMarc,whowasverycoolandtotallycute.Therewasanewguytotheleft,whichcouldbearisk,buthowbadcouldanewguybe?SoCarolinestartedtowardtheseat,beingcarefulnottorush,whenMarc’sbestfriendJasonsatdowninherchair!Sure,therewereotherseats,butnootherperfectones.Saddenedbutnotdiscouraged,Carolinesatdowninthesecond-bestseatandimmediatelystartedplanningforlunchtime,whenshewasdeterminedtogetthebestseatinthecafeteria.1．Asusedinparagraph1,theword“drawback”mostnearlymeans“_________”.A．disadvantage B．benefit C．virtue D．withdrawal2．Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A．Carolinewasoftenseenasacoolkid,notasmartkid.B．Carolinewantedtobetheonlysmartkidinherschool.C．IfCarolinewasseenasasmartkid,noonewouldthinkshewascool.D．Caroline’sschoolwasunusualinthatsmartkidswerealsocool.3．Accordingtothepassage,Carolinemakessurenottogettoclasstooearlyby_________.A．takingtimetofixherhair B．goingtothewrongclassC．waitingoutsidetheschoolgate D．stoppingtotalktoherfriend4．HowdidCarolinefeelaboutthenewguysittingnexttoherdesiredseat?A．Shewasthrilledtohaveanewfriendtositnextto.B．Shewasconcernedhemightbeadisturbance.C．Shewasrelievedthathedidn’ttaketheperfectseat.D．Shewasdisappointedbecausehedidn’tlookcool.（2024·上海虹口·一模）Takeourlatestquiz!①You’vejustfinishedabook—doyouknowwhatyou’llreadnext?a)Yes!Perhapsasequel,Iwanttospendmoretimeinthatworld.b)Abookthateveryone’stalkingabout.c)No,butIlovefindingunexpectedbooks.d)No.Ilikeaskingformyfriends’recommendations.②Doyouvalueotherpeople’sopinionswhendecidingwhattoread?a)Idon’tlikelisteningtoothers—IknowwhatIlike.b)Ilovetoknowwhatcelebritiesarereading!c)No.Ijustletthebooksdothetalking!d)Yes!FriendsknowwhichbooksI’llenjoy.③Whatdoyoumostlookforwardtoinanewbook?a)Toseewhatmyfavouritecharactersaredoinginnewsituations.b)Talkingaboutitwithmyfriends.c)Discoveringnewvoicesandstories.d)ReadingbooksasgoodasotheronesI’veloved.④Doyoulikereadinglotsofbooksbythesameauthor?a)Yes,onceIfindanauthorIlike,I’llreadeverythingtheywrite!b)Ifthey’reapopularauthor,thenyes!c)No,Iliketoreadbooksbydifferentauthors.d)Itendtoreadbooksbyauthorsmyfriendssuggest.⑤Whenyougotoabookshop,wheredoyouheadfirst?a)Toseeifthere’sanewbookinmyfavouriteseries.b)Iheadtothenewreleasesandbestsellers.c)Iliketowalkaroundthewholeshoptoseewhatcatchesmyeye.d)Tolookatthebookseller’srecommendations.MostlyAs:you’reaSERIES-HOPPERThere’snobetterfeelingthanreadingsomethingyoulove...andthendiscoveringit’spartofaseries!You’realwaysguaranteedtohavesomethingnewtolookforwardto,andafamiliarworldtorevisitagain.MostlyBs:you’reaTREND-TRACKERYouliketoreadthebooksthateveryoneistalkingabout.Yourlocalbestsellerwillknowbetterthananyonewhichbooksandauthorsaretrulyup-and-coming,soaskthemfortheirtoptips.MostlyCs:you’reaRISK-TAKER________MostlyDs:you’reaADVICE-SEEKERYoufeelreassuredwhensomeoneyoutrustrecommendsabooktoyou.Ifyouwanttoexpandyourreadingexperiences,trygettingthoserecommendationfromlotsofdifferentplaces.1．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainswhata“sequel”is?A．Astoryorbookthatisaboutimaginarycharacters.B．Abookthatcontinuesthestoryofapreviousbook.C．Abookthatconveys.relationshipsbetweenmultiplecharacters.D．Acollectionofstorieswrittenbyfansofanoriginalbookseries.2．Whichofthefollowingdescriptionbestfitsthedefinitionofa“risk-taker”?A．You’rehappytopickupsomethingyou’veneverheardof.B．Youhopetofindthenewbookofyourfavouriteauthor.C．You’rewillingtowanderintheworldoftheclassics.D．Youonlyreadthoseontopofthelistofbestsellers.3．Whatcanthosewhotakethisquizlearnfromtheresults?A．Whytheypreferreadingtootheractivities. B．Whichauthorisprobablytheirfavourite.C．Whotheyshouldturntoforreadingtips. D．Whattheirbook-choosingstyleis.（24-25高三上·上海·期中）ThefireracedthroughLahainalastAugustsofastthatitkilled100peopleanddestroyedmorethan2,200buildings.Itleftmorethan7,000peoplewithouttheirpossessionsandinneedofshelter.Thatafternoon,KalynLepre,a36-year-oldnutritionaltherapist,grabbedherwalletanddroveoutoftown.Shelosteverythingelseinherfour-bedroomhouse:clothes,documents,jewelryandsevensurfboards.Lepresurfedalmosteveryday;surfingwasasourceofjoyandameanstomaintainhermentalhealth.Seeinghersurfboardsreducedtoapileoffibers-especiallyherprizedbabybluecustomlongboard-washeart-wrenching.“Iwassoinlovewiththatboard,”shesays.JudLauunderstood.The53-year-oldMauinativehasbeenridingthewavessincehewasateenager,andhe’sbeenbuildingsurfboardsforthelast15years.Heknowsthevalueofagoodsurfboard.“AsurfboardispartofyourwholebeingespeciallyinHawaii,wheresurfingoriginated,”hesays.“Losingaboardislikelosingapartofyoursoul.”So,wantingtohelpthevictimsinsomeway,hestartedthinkingaboutallthesurferswhohadlosttheirboards.“AndIthought,that’smyareaofexpertise,”hesays.“Surfingisahealingthingforsurfers-gettingintheocean,connectingtoMotherNature.”Herealizedhecouldgivethatbacktothem.Laustartedbyconnectingpeoplewhowantedtodonateextraboardstothosewhohadlosttheirs,about200boardstotal.FriendsinOahuandCaliforniacollectedanother550boardsandshippedthemtoMauiforLautodistribute.Butmanysurfers,likeLepre,usecustomboardsdesignedtoaccommodatetheirsizeorthetypeofwavestheyride.SoLauturnedtocashdonations-raisingabout$20,000-tocoverthecostofmaterialsforshapingcustomboardstogiveaway.Donatinghislabor,hemademorethan40boardsthattypicallywouldhaveretailedfor$600toS1,500each.Healsopersuadedtheothershapersontheisland,aboutadozenofthem,tomakeatleastoneboardeach,providingaround20moresurfboards.TherecipientsofLau’seffortsincludeLepre.Shemessagedhimwhatshe’dlostandheshapedherahigh-performance,9-foot,single-finboardwithasunsetfadingfromyellowtoorangeand“Lahaina”indeepredlettersinthemiddle.“IcriedwhenIsawit.”Lepresays,“Hecreatedanartpieceforme,andthistoolwouldhelpmemoveforward.”Thenewboardallowedhertogetbackinthewaterandstarthealing.1．Accordingtothepassage,whatdoessurfingmeantoKalynLepre?A．It’scriticaltohermentalhealth. B．It’soptionalinhereverydaylife.C．It’sacasualformofexerciseforher. D．It’shervitalmeansofmakingaliving.2．Inthesecondparagraph,theunderlinedword“heart-wrenching”isclosestinmeaningto______.A．distracting B．frightening C．distressing D．puzzling3．Lauemployedmultiplewaystohelpthosewholosttheirsurfboards,including______.①raisingmoneytobuysomenewsurfboards②collectinganddistributingthedonatedboards③donatinghislabortomakesomesurfboards④sellingsomeofhishandmadesurfboards⑤persuadingotherstojoinhiminshapingsurfboardsA．①②④ B．②③⑤ C．①③⑤ D．②③④4．Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.A．thedestructiveforceofafireinLahainaB．thesignificanceofsurfingforHawaiianpeopleC．howKalynLepreovercamethegriefoflosingasurfboardD．howJudLauhelpedthosewholosttheirsurfboardsinthefire（24-25高三上·上海·期中）Iwasstandinginthecheckoutlinebehindawomanwholookedtobeinher60s.Whenitwasherturntopay,thecashiergreetedherbynameandaskedherhowshewasdoing.Thewomanlookeddown,shookherheadandsaid:”Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjobandmysonisuptohisoldtricksagain.Thetruthis,Idon’tknowhowI’mgoingtogetthroughtheholidays.”Thenshegavethecashierfoodstamps(食品券)Myheartached.Iwantedtohelpbutdidn’tknowhow.ShouldIoffertopayforhergroceries,askforherhusband’sresume(简历)?AsIwalkedintotheparkinglot,Ispottedthewomanreturninghershoppingcart.IrememberedsomethinginmypursethatIthoughtcouldhelpher.Itwasn’tahandfulofcashoranofferofajobforherhusband,butmaybeitwouldmakeherlifebetter.MyheartjumpedhardasIapproachedthewoman.“Excuseme,”Isaid,myvoicetremblingabit.“Icouldn’thelpoverhearingwhatyousaidtothecashier.Itsoundslikeyou’regoingthroughareallyhardtimerightnow.I’msosorry.I’dliketogiveyousomething.”Ihandedherthesmallcardfrommypurse.Whenthewomanreadthecard’sonlytwowords,shebegantocry.Andthroughhertears,shesaid:“Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”Iwasalittlestartledbyherreply.Havingneverdoneanythinglikethisbefore,Ididn’tknowwhatkindofreactionImightreceive.AllIcouldthinktosaywas:”Ohmy.WoulditbeOKtogiveyouahug?”Afterweembraced,Iwalkedbacktomycar—andbegantocrytoo.Thewordsonthecard?“Youmatter.”Afewweeksearlier,acolleaguegavemeasimilarcardasencouragementforaprojectIwasworkingon.WhenIreadthecard,Ifeltawarmglowspreadinsideofme.Deeplytouched,IcamehomeandorderedmyownboxofYouMattercardsandstartedsharingthem.1．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Thewoman’sfamilymainlydependsonherson.B．Thecashierhelpedthewomanbygivinghersomefoodforfree.C．Thewomanandherfamilywerehavingatoughtime.D．Theauthorwonderedwhythecashierwasfamiliarwiththewoman.2．Thewomancriedwhenshegotthecard,probablybecauseA．itgreatlyencouragedher B．shecoulduseittobuyfoodC．itcouldsolveherpresentproblem D．itcouldlandherhusbandajob3．Theunderlinedword“startled”inParagraph10probablymeansA．interested B．grateful C．ashamed D．astonished4．Fromthearticle,wecantellthattheauthoris________A．asmartperson B．akind-heartedpersonC．aknowledgeableperson D．aconfidentperson（24-25高三上·上海宝山·期中）Almosthalfamillionyoungoak(橡树)treeshavebeensavedafterTheTimesrevealedtheywereduetobedestroyedbecauseofdelaysingovernmenthelptocreatemorewoodland.AtreenurserysaidinMarchthatithadbeenunabletofindbuyersfortheoneandtwo-year-oldseedlingsofEngland’snationaltree.MaelorForestNurseriesnearWrexhamspenttwoyearslookingafter500,000seedlings,expectingagreatincreaseindemandaftergovernmentpromisestoincreasetreeplanting.Demandfailedtomaterializeandthecompanysaiditplannedtodestroythetrees,partlyblamingdifficultieslandownersfacedinobtainingsubsidiestofundthework.AfterTheTimesreportedontheplan,dozensofcharities,communitygroupsandindividualsalloverthecountrygotintouchwithMaelortoaskiftheycouldhelp.“Thenurserydiscountedthepricepertreefrom35—40penceto20penceandsoldnearlyallofthe500,000ithadbeenplanningtodestroy.ThankslargelytothearticleinTheTimesonlyasmallpercentagehadtobedestroyed,”saidMikeHarvey,Maelor’smanagingdirector.“Wearedelightedthattheseoaksaplings(幼树)havefoundgoodhomes.Wewerefrustratedattheprospectofhavingtodestroyplantswhichwehadspenttwoyearsgrowingonlytofindtheywerebeingleftwithoutafutureforreasonsbeyondourcontrol.”MrHarveysaidthelargestorder,for30,000oaks,hadcomefromExtinctionRebellionRewilding,anoffshootoftheclimatechangecampaigngroup.ItlaunchedacampaigncalledSavetheOakswhichraised£10,000throughacrowdfundingappealtopurchaseandplanttreesthathadbeenduetobedestroyed.JethroGauld,oneoftheorganisersoftheplantinginCambridgeshire,said,“Wewantedtodosomethingtopreventsuchamassivewasteofsaplingsandhelpcreateagoodnewsstorytobenefitlocalpeopleandwildlife.”NatashaSomers,avolunteerforSavetheOaks,said,“Thesupportwe’veseenshowshowacommunitycancometogetherindifficulttimes.It’sclearthatpeoplewanttoactforabetterfuture,onewherehumanityandnatureareconnected.”1．Theunderlinedword‘subsidies’isclosestinmeaningto‘________’.A．equipment B．technicalsupport C．confidence D．financialaid2．WhathadMaelorForestNurseriesplannedtodobeforeTheTimesreportedontheirplan?A．Toreducethepriceoftheseedlings.B．Toruinthetreesithadtakencareof.C．Towaitforgovernmenthelptoarrive.D．TocountthenumberofoaktreesinBritain.3．Whathappenedtothe500,000saplingsatlast?A．Mostofthemweresoldout.B．Mostofthemwerethrownaway.C．TheywerereplantedtoCambridgeshire.D．Theyweredonatedtoacampaigngroup.4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Aprospectiveapproachtoplanting.B．Anationwideefforttosaveoaktrees.C．Atreenurserydevotedtopreservingendangeredtrees.D．Aspeciesoftreesthatarethreatenedwithextinction.（2024·上海青浦·一模）SpecialOffers&PromotionsIfyouhaveapromotioncode,simplyenteritinthecorrespondingfieldattheShoppingBagpageorOrderReviewpage.Onlyonecodecanbeenteredperorderunlessspecifiedotherwise;codescannotbeappliedtopriorpurchases,minimumordertotalrequirements(excludingtax,shipping/handling,andgiftwrapcharges)mustbemetforeachorder,andthecodemustnotbepastdue.Alloffersaresubjecttochangeorcancellationwithoutnotice.PromotionsdonotapplytothepurchaseofMuseumAdmission,MuseumMemberships,MetCustomPrints,donations,priorpurchases,clearanceproducts,orselectitems,includingfinejewelry,andunlessspecifiedotherwise,cannotbecombinedwithotheroffersordiscounts,exceptaMemberdiscount.ProductOffersForproductsthatadvertiseadiscountwhenbuyingaspecificnumberofitems(suchasforasetoffourmugs),youmustaddthecorrectquantitytoyourshoppingbagtoreceivethediscount.Ifyoupurchaseadditionalunitsabovethediscountedquantity,youwillbechargedtheindividualitempriceforthoseitems.ShippingOffersDiscountedorfreestandardshippingisavailableonlytoshippingaddresseswithinthelower48UnitedStates.OrdersshippingtoUSaddressesinHawaii,Alaska,APO/FPO,USTerritories,andtoallothercountrieswillincurshippingcharges.FreeGiftsForgiftswithpurchasepromotions,youmustaddthefreegiftitemtoyourshoppingbag,andthenenterthepromotioncodeatcheckout(ifrequired).Pleasenotethatfreegiftswillbeavailablewhilesupplieslast;comparableitemsmaybesubstituted.Giftswithpurchasepromotionsareonetimeuseonly,andonlyonepromotioncodecanbeusedperorder.Clearance,Sale,andSpecialValuesSavingsofforiginal,regular,and/oralready-reducedprices.ClearanceitemsarenotqualifiedforMemberdiscount,sitewidepromotions,discounts,and/orotheroffers.Allclearancemerchandiseisfinalsaleandcannotbereturnedorexchanged.YourpurchasesupportsTheMet’scollection,study,conservation,andpresentationof5,000yearsofart.1．Accordingto“SpecialOffers&Promotions”,ifyouhaveapromotioncode,youcan______.A．enjoyaMemberdiscount B．getfreegiftwrapC．askforshoppingbag D．cancelpreviousorders2．Theunderlinedword“incur”in“ShippingOffers”sectionisclosestinmeaningto“______”.A．reduce B．insure C．cause D．spare3．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingservicescancustomersenjoy?A．Theycanreturnandexchangesomeclearanceproducts.B．Theycanbesuretogetthesamefreegiftforeachordertheyplace.C．TheycanhavediscountedorfreestandardshippingtoanyU.S.addresses.D．Theycanenjoysomediscountedproductswhenbuyingtherequirednumberofitems.（24-25高三上·上海·阶段练习）Po-ShenLoh,aprofessoratCarnegieMellonUniversityandTeamUSA’scoachfortheInternationalMathematicalOlympiad(国际数学奥林匹克竞赛),deliveredatalkcalled“HowtoSurvivetheChatGPTInvasion.”Andhissimplepracticaladviceappliedtoeveryoneinthehall,“Thinkaboutwhatmakeshumanshuman,”Lohsaid.Hesaysthekeytosurvivalisknowinghowtosolveproblems-andknowingwhichproblemstosolve.Heurgesmathenthusiaststofocusoncreativity,emotionandthestuffthatdistinguishesmanfrommachineandwon’tgoobsol