音乐学专升本2025年和声学练习试卷（含答案）

音乐学专升本2025年和声学练习试卷（含答案）考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、选择题（每题2分，共20分。请将正确答案的选项字母填在题干后的括号内）1.在C大调中，下列哪个和弦的功能是属功能？（）A.Cmajorchord(I)B.Fmajorchord(IV)C.Gmajorchord(V)D.B♭minorchord(ii)2.G大调的属七和弦是？（）A.G-B-D-F♯B.D-G-B-FC.G-B♭-D-FD.G-B-D-F♯3.下列哪个进行是典型的半终止？（）A.I-IV(T-S)B.IV-I(S-T)C.ii-V(ii-V)D.V-I(D-T)4.在F大调中写作一个向B♭小调离调的乐句，常用的离调和弦是？（）A.Cmajor(I)B.Cminor(ii)C.B♭major(V₇/V)D.B♭minor(♭VI)5.和弦G-B-D-F的低音是G，该和弦是？（）A.Gmajorchord,firstinversion(G/VI)B.Gmajorchord,secondinversion(G/III)C.Gdominantseventhchord,firstinversion(G7/G)D.Gdominantseventhchord,secondinversion(G7/B)6.在四部和声写作中，以下哪种情况通常需要避免？（）A.TenorandbassvoicescrossingB.AllvoicesmovinginparalleloctavesC.AvoicemovingstepwisethroughoutameasureD.Usingachordinfirstinversionforharmonicclarity7.小调的属七和弦的根音通常是？（）A.ThetonicB.ThesupertonicC.ThedominantD.Thesubdominant8.终止进行是指？（）A.AsequenceofchordsthatcreatestensionB.ApassageofmusicinamajorkeyC.AharmonicprogressionthatprovidesasenseofconclusionD.Theuseofseventhchordsinacomposition9.下列哪个音程是四部和声写作中允许使用的最小音程？（）A.OctaveB.MajorseventhC.MinorthirdD.Perfectfifth10.调性关系最近的两个大小调是？（）A.MajorandminorkeysB.RelativemajorandminorkeysC.ParallelmajorandminorkeysD.Distantkeys二、填空题（每空2分，共30分。请将答案填写在横线上）1.在D大调中，主和弦是_______和弦，属和弦是_______和弦。2.Gminorchord,thirdinversion(Gm/III)containsthenotes_______,_______,_______,and_______.3.Thetermusedtodescribethemovementofavoicefromtheupperregistertothelowerregisteris_______.4.A_______isachordbuiltbyaddingaseventhintervalabovetheroot.5.Theintervalbetweentherootofachordanditsfifthisa_______.6.InabasicI-IV-V-IprogressioninCmajor,thechordfollowingtheFmajorchordis_______.7.Acadencethatprovidesaweaksenseofconclusioniscalleda_______.8.Theprocessofchangingtoadifferentkey,usuallytemporary,iscalled_______.9.Infour-partharmony,thelowestvoiceistypicallycalledthe_______.10.Thevoicethatoftencarriesthemainmelodyiscalledthe_______.三、连线题（每题3分，共12分。请将左侧的终止式类型与右侧的描述连接起来）1.FullCadence2.HalfCadence3.AuthenticCadence4.PlagalCadenceA.EndsonthedominantchordB.EndsonthesubdominantchordC.EndsonthetonicchordwithastrongsenseoffinalityD.Endsonthetonicchordbutwithoutastrongsenseoffinality四、四部和声写作题（共38分）请根据以下要求，在下方谱表中完成四部和声写作。1.调性：F大调2.旋律：提供以下四句旋律声部（Soprano,Alto,Tenor,Bass）的片段，用罗马数字标示和声进行。*Soprano:FGAG|FEDC|(终止)*Alto:CDED|CBAG|(终止)*Tenor:ABCB|AGFE|(终止)*Bass:GABA|GFED|(终止)3.要求：*严格遵守F大调的和声体系。*和声进行需符合音乐逻辑，至少包含一个V-I终止。*避免所有不协和音程（如平行五八度、声部交叉、同音反复等）。*使用所有正三和弦和属七和弦。*用标准简谱或首调唱名法记谱，并在每小节上方用罗马数字标示和弦功能。```Soprano:FGAG|FEDC|(终止)Alto:CDED|CBAG|(终止)Tenor:ABCB|AGFE|(终止)Bass:GABA|GFED|(终止)```五、和声分析题（共20分）请分析以下乐段（用标准简谱或首调唱名法记谱）的和声。1.标出和弦名称及低音音名。2.分析每小节的主要和弦功能（用罗马数字及和弦性质表示，如I,IV⁶,V⁷等）。3.指出调性、终止式类型以及包含的和声进行特点。```MiddleC=C4G4A4G4|A4G4F4E4|G4G4A4G4|C5B4A4G4|(终止)C4D4E4D4|C4B4A4G4|A4A4B4A4|G4F4E4D4|(终止)```试卷答案一、选择题1.C2.C3.D4.C5.B6.A7.C8.C9.C10.B二、填空题1.Cmajor;Gmajor2.G;B♭;D;F3.Descendingregistermovement/Regressivemotion4.Seventhchord5.Perfectfifth6.Cmajorchord(I)7.Halfcadence8.Modulation9.Bass10.Soprano三、连线题1-D2-B3-C4-A四、四部和声写作题（答案因主观性较强，以下提供一个符合要求的示例，具体和弦选择和连接可略有不同，但需满足所有要求）```Soprano:FGAG|FEDC|(终止)Alto:CDED|CBAG|(终止)Tenor:ABCB|AGFE|(终止)Bass:GABA|GFED|(终止)IV|I|I⁷I⁶|I|IV|I|II⁷|I|```解析思路一、选择题1.C:Fmajorchord(V)inCmajorhasrootsonF.2.C:GmajordominantseventhchordisG-B♭-D-F.3.D:V-Iprogressionprovidesastrongsenseofconclusionbutisnotfullyresolvedliketheauthenticcadence;V-IVprovidestension;ii-VisacommonprogressionleadingtoV.4.C:Cmajor(I)inFmajorprovidesstrongtensionleadingtoB♭minor(♭VI),whichthenresolvestoFmajor.5.B:G-B-D-FwithGinthebassisGmajorchordinsecondinversion.6.A:Tenorandbasscrossingisgenerallyavoidedintraditionalfour-partharmony.7.C:Thedominantchord(V)isbuiltonthefifthscaledegree.8.C:Acadenceprovidesasenseoffinalityorconclusiontoamusicalphraseorsection.9.C:Aminorthirdisthesmallestcommonlyusedintervalbetweenadjacentvoicesinfour-partharmony(e.g.,betweenaltoandtenor,ortenorandbass),avoidingsmallerintervalslikesecondswhichcansounddissonantwithoutproperresolution.10.B:Relativemajorandminorkeyssharethesametonicbuthavedifferenttriadqualities(e.g.,CmajorandAminor).二、填空题1.Cmajor;Gmajor:CmajorisI,GmajorisVinthekeyofFmajor.2.G;B♭;D;F:Gminorchord,thirdinversionhasGasthelowestnote,sothechordisG-B♭-D-F.3.Descendingregistermovement/Regressivemotion:Describesavoicemovingfromhighertolowerpitches.4.Seventhchord:Achordwithaseventhabovetherootisdefinedasaseventhchord.5.Perfectfifth:Theintervalfromtheroottothefifth(e.g.,GtoD)isaperfectfifth.6.Cmajorchord(I):FollowingFmajor(IV)inCmajoristheTonicchord,Cmajor.7.Halfcadence:Endsonthedominant(V)chord,providingtemporaryresolution.8.Modulation:Changingfromonekeytoanother.9.Bass:Thelowestvoicepartinstandardfour-partharmonyisthebass.10.Soprano:Thehighestvoicepartinstandardfour-partharmonyisthesoprano.三、连线题1-D:Plagalcadenceendsonthesubdominant(IV).2-B:Halfcadenceendsonthedominant(V).3-C:Authenticcadenceendsonthetonic(I)withastrongresolution.4-A:Fullcadenceendsonthetonic(I)withbotharootpositiontonicchordandaperfectfifthaboveitinthetopvoice.四、四部和声写作题（解析思路针对题目要求和提供的旋律）*调性：F大调。所有写作需基于F大调音阶和和弦。*旋律：分析每句旋律的音高和音程，选择合适的和声来支撑。*和声进行：*第一句Soprano(FGAG):F-Gisstepwise,G-Aismajorsecond.CoulduseI(F-G-C-F)orI⁶(F-G-B♭-F).A-Gdescends.UsingI-I⁶providesgoodsupportandleadstowardsthedominant.*SecondsentenceSoprano(FEDC):F-Eisminorsecond,E-Disminorthird,D-Cismajorsecond.ThisdescendingmotionfitswellwithaVchord(e.g.,G-B-D-F)resolvingtoI(F-C-A-F).*ThirdsentenceAlto(CDED):Ascendingline.C-Dismajorsecond,D-Eismajorsecond.CoulduseIV(C-F-A-C)orIV⁶(C-F-E-C).E-Ddescends,suggestingresolutiontowardsI.*FourthsentenceAlto(CBAG):Descendingline.C-Bisminorsecond,B-Aisminorthird,A-Gismajorsecond.FitsaVchordresolvingtoI.*和弦选择：确保使用所有正三和弦(I,IV,V)和属七和弦(V⁷)。例如，第一句可用I-I⁶，第二句可用V-I，第三句可用IV-I或IV⁶-I，第四句可用V-I。*规则遵守：检查所有声部进行，避免平行五八度、声部交叉、同音反复、不必要的声部独立进行等。确保声部间距离合适（主要是三度、四度、五度关系）。*终止：至少包含一个V-I终止（例如，在第二或第四小节）。最后一句应构成一个明确的终止（例如V-I）。五、和声分析题（解析思路针对提供的乐段）1.和弦名称及低音：*第1小节:Gmajor(G4);Amino