专题06 七选五-词语复现（知识清单）（原卷版）-2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单

专题06七选五---词语复现目录01知识脑图·学科框架速建02考点精析·知识能力全解【知能解读01】七选五五年高考考情统计【知能解读02】七选五五年高考考情解读【知能解读03】七选五词语复现考点分类【知能解读04】阅读理解七选五解题步骤【知能解读05】七选五满分突破思维导图03攻坚指南·高频考点突破【重难点突破01】原词复现【重难点突破02】原词复现跟踪训练【重难点突破03】同义词复现【重难点突破04】同义词复现跟踪训练04避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗重难【易混易错01】近义词复现【易混易错02】近义词复现跟踪训练【易混易错03】反义词复现【易混易错04】反义词复现跟踪训练【易混易错06】同根词复现跟踪训练05通法提炼·高频思维拆解【方法技巧01】阅读七选五错误选项特点【方法技巧02】阅读七选五如何排除干扰项【方法技巧03】阅读七选五满分口诀考点精析攻坚指南七选五词语复现避坑锦囊通法提炼原词复现原词复现跟踪训练同义词复现同义词复现跟踪训练近义词复现近义词复现跟踪训练反义词复现反义词复现跟踪训练同根词复现同根词复现跟踪训练阅读七选五错误选项特点阅读七选五如何排除干扰项阅读七选五满分口诀四组知能解读01七选五五年高考考情统计卷别段中咖啡馆里平凡英雄040说明文家庭共同参与志愿21说明文140说明文如何避免过度旅游31说明文31说明文041说明文31说明文31说明文人与自然室内绿植及其好处01说明文如何找到健身伙伴041说明文写文章好修改技巧40说明文不同文化用餐礼仪11说明文11巴黎一周生活经历140说明文22说明文0说明文宴会如何变得有趣1◆代表有标题句●代表有半截句知能解读02七选五五年高考考情解读阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通2.选材特点选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句3.命题特点从最近五年高考真题来看，七选五考查以段中句为主，兼顾段首句(含标题句)和段尾句；从体裁来看，主要是说明文为主，兼顾记叙文；从话题来看，人与社会类占主流，人与自我和人与自然相对较少。知能解读03七选五词语复现考点分类阅读理解知能解读04阅读理解七选五解题方略1.通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句。因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。2.详读段落，在短时间内找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据文章写作主题展开，对文章主题进行不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为解题做好铺垫。3.定位选项，明确各备选项的含义，抓住其关键词语。根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时要尤其注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意设空处上下段的写作内容，以及设空处上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选选项放入设空处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境，能否承接前后的写作线索，使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。4.通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点关注逻辑关系和关联结构。在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理，各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。5.排除多余选项，确定排除理由，从而最终确定答案。我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。要特别注意，除非有充分的理由否定之前的选择，否则不要仓促更改。只要前两步投入了精力，动了脑筋，第一印象往往可信度很高。关键能力关键能力段落标题段落主旨句段落之间过渡句段落内部过渡句段中→抓住下文线索关键词，确定逻辑关系段尾→抓住上文关键词，并参考下段开头的衔接关系关注文章标题、主旨句、首尾段关注段落标题，段落主旨句及其首尾句关注段落之间的逻辑关系留意标点符号，判断句子完整性同义词、近义词、反义词、同根词、原词复现衔接词、过渡词、表示逻辑关系的标志词。抓住上下文的逻辑关系，确定答案代词。通过代词的单复数等确定答案疑问词。考虑对疑问词的回答确定答案将所选答案代入原文中，核查逻辑关系，看是否吻合通读全文把握主旨抓住线索信号词代入答案验证阅读理解能力、语篇分析能力、上下文逻辑关系判断能力主旨句过渡句推断句解题步骤设题类型七选五读全文读全文看位置找联系思逻辑析选项段弄空格前后两句话中有however,nevertheless,still,though等词。关系3步准做“七选五”段首题段尾题段中题系项迷眼断判案重难点突破01原词复现1.题型概述在高考英语阅读理解七选五题型中，原词复现是最直观、最高频的解题线索之一。它指的是空格前后的文字中，出现与选项中完全相同的名词、动词、形容词、副词等核心词汇(或同根词，如care与careful),通过“词汇重复”建立上下文逻辑关联，帮助快速锁定答案。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词语。因此，要学会寻找空格前后句句中的相同关键词。2.思维导图反义词复习阅读理解词汇复现法名词，尤其是可数名词单复数、不可数名词构成话题的核心载体，复现概率最高。动词体现动作或状态，复现时常用来衔接“步骤或结果”,尤其在“建议类”“说明类”语篇中高频出现。若语篇涉及专业概念(如digitalliteracy数字素养)或特定场景词汇(如familygathering家庭聚会),这些“专有词汇”的复现能直接锁定话题范围。重难点突破02原词复现跟踪训练跟踪训练1(2025全国二卷第38题)名词复现studentsdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeefort跟踪训练2(2022新课标卷第39题)名词原词复现noticeMypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindalsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andpB.AworkoutpartnerusuC.You'llworkharderifyoutrE.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notic1.题型概述此处的同义多指意义相同或相近的词、词组或句子，如room和space。在高考英语阅读理解七选五中，同义复现是比原词复现更隐蔽但同样核心的解题线索。它指的是空格前后文与选项中，用不同词汇表达同一概念或含义(如important=vital、solve=dealwith),通过“语义呼应”维持语篇连贯性，是命题人高频考查的衔接方式。阅读理解阅读理解4种复现形式2种词汇复现法名词是同义复现常表现为“具体名词与抽象名词互换”“同类概念替代”,比如problem=difficulty。形容词/副词描述同义复现常表现为“程度词匹配”,比如important=essential、difficult=hard。重难点突破04同义词复现跟踪训练Volunteeringduringteenageyearshasbeenlinkedtosomemincreasedself-confidence.Theseeffectsarentheyearstocome.A.Helpingthecommunitylowersratesofdepression.B.Volunteeringasafamilymaybejustthethingyouneed.C.VolunteeringhasalifeloD.VolunteeringcanbethefirststepinbreakingdownprE.Foradults,volunteeringcanprovidF.Youmayevenlearnthatyourkidhasatalentyoudidn'tknowabouG.Volunteeringmakesyoufeelcapableandinspiresyoutomakethemosto跟踪训练2(2023全国乙卷第36题)同义词复现little=smallOvertheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferentpoint.37(A.Whileallofthemareusefthreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthe 38.They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.LesstiringthanpaintingysmallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeabA.WhileallofthemareuB.Whateveyou'relookD.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remoE.It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanF.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitriG.Colorchoicesinthi1.题型概述近义词复现指空格前后的文本中，出现与选项中某个词汇含义相同、相近或表意一致的词(或短语),二者虽形式不同，但指向同一概念(如developahabit=formaroutine养成习惯)。这种同义替换式的复现，本质是上下文对同一话题的重复强调或补充说明，是判断选项是否衔接的关键线索。2.思维导图原词复现同义词复现原词复现同义词复现阅读理解词汇复现法3.解题思路名词(短语):通过同一概念的不同表述实现话题连贯，是判断话题一致的核心线索。如gardens=greenareas。形容词/副词类：这类近义词多描述性质、特征、程度，是七选五中最常见的复现类型。如：urban=city-based。动词(短语)类：通过相近动作体现上下文的行为衔接，常出现在步骤说明、建议给出、事件描述类文本跟踪训练1(2021全国甲卷第38题)近义词复现“new”clothes=clothesingoodconditionchoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable. 38.TheyshouldalsopreparC.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.JustkeepmusicplayingthroughoutE.Donatewhateverclothes阅读理解阅读理解跟踪训练2(2020新课标卷第38题)amistake=aminorsliptheonewhoisspeaking.People'sattentionwandersconstantly.InfaE.TheobjectiveofmostF.TakethefearoutofpublicsG.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffective1.命题特点在高考英语阅读理解七选五中，反义词复现是衔接上下文逻辑的重要线索之一。它通过上下文出现的相反含义词汇形成语义对比，帮助考生明确空格前后的逻辑关系(如转折、对比、让步等),进而锁定正确选项。理解并掌握这一技巧，能有效提升解题效率和准确率。2.思维导图七选五词语复现原词复现4种2种词汇复现法2.解题思路名词/概念类通过对立概念体现语义对比，多涉及类别、范围、属性的反向描述。形容词/副词类(最常见)反义词多描述性质、状态、程度，是七选五中最易识别的线索。动词/动作类通过相反动作体现上下文的行为对比，常见于描述做法、步骤、态度的文本。易混易错04反义词复现跟踪训练跟踪训练1(2023全国甲卷第40题)反义词复现comHere'sariddle:WhatdotrafIntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavinresearchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●MakeyourselfwaitSomanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsidsaytoyourself,“40.”You'llthD.AllthisaddsuptoastatE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatieF.ThisismerelyuncomfG.They'reallsituationswherewecould跟踪训练2(2020全国Ⅱ卷第39题)反义词复现friendlier和unfriendlyWhiletheyoungergenerationsprefertocommunicatevisually,forthoseusedtoworkingwithtraditionaltoolslikeemail,itmayfeellikealearningThereisalsothematteroftone(语气).Whohasn'treceivedanemailsoannoyingthatitruinedanentireday? 39_.EmojicanhelpcommunicD.ThepopularityoftheseplatformsisspreadingglobalE.GivingemployeesthetoolsenablesthemtocommunicatehonestlyF.StudiesshowthatfriendliercommunicationleadstoahappierworkG.Aneasywaytobringallworkgenerationstogetheriswi在高考英语阅读理解七选五题型中，同根词复现是衔接上下文、锁定正确答案的核心逻辑线索之一。它指通过“词根相同、词形不同(如词性变化)”的词汇，建立空格前后句子的语义关联，既能保证文章逻2.思维导图阅读理解4种2种词汇复现法2.解题思路名词一动词复现：句子核心动作常通过名词和动词的同根词转换，衔接上下文。manage=organize/organization。形容词→副词复现：形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词/形容词，二者通过同根词转换，如relaxing=quietly。名词形容词复现：通过同根词的形容词和衔接，常见于“观点+解释”的逻辑中。如danger=dangerous。易混易错06同根词复现跟踪训练跟踪训练1(2021全国乙卷第40题)同根词复现awkward和awkwardnessAndwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'redinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment(赞扬).C.Ifyouaskthequestion“Howdidyougethere?”D.BepreparedtohaveawkwardconverG.Heorsheisthepersonwho跟踪训练2(2022全国乙卷第40题)同义复现revision=reviseThethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple—spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforreyision.39Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks(大块)oftheirdraftandwhtingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisechangesintoyourwordprocessor.40B.LetyourpenfollowthewavesofthoD.Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.1.主题相关但细节不匹配(最常见干扰类型)这类干扰项的核心特征是：围绕文章大主题展开，但具体细节(如时间、地点、人物、事件、程度)与空格前后的语境完全不符。考生易因“主题沾边”而误选，却忽略了细节的精准对应。2.逻辑衔接断裂(无因果/转折/并列等关系)七选五的核心考查目标是语篇逻辑，干扰项常表现为：自身语义通顺，但与空格前/后的句子无任何逻辑关联(如因果、转折、并列、举例等),导致语篇结构断裂。3.复现信息“似是而非”(偷换概念)这类干扰项会利用原词复现、同根词复现等考生熟悉的衔接信号，但实则偷换概念——复现的词汇看似与原文一致，但其搭配、语义范围或指向对象已发生改变。4.语义重复或冗余(无新增信息)七选五的正确选项需补充新信息以衔接上下文(如解释、举例、延伸),而干扰项常表现为：对空格前/后的句子进行同义复述，无任何新增内容，导致语篇信息冗余。5.脱离段落/文章主旨(孤立句)这类干扰项的特征是：自身语义完整，但与所在段落的主旨或全文的大主旨无关，属于放之四海而皆准的正确废话，无法融入当前语篇。方法技巧02阅读七选五如何排除干扰项1.从主旨契合度入手，筛掉游离于核心之外的干扰项。七选五中的每个空格都不是孤立的，它必须服务于所在段落的“小主旨”和全文的“大主旨”。解题时，先通过读首段明确全文核心话题，再读空格所在段落的首句或尾句，锁定段落的具体方向。2.聚焦细节匹配度，排除“偷换概念或错位的干扰项。很多干扰项会利用原文中的“原词复现”制造熟悉感，此时需要圈出空格前后句的关键细节：谁(主语)、做什么(动作)、何时何地(场景),再与选项逐一核对，只要有一处细节无法对应，即可判定为干扰项。3.验证逻辑衔接度，剔除“前言不搭后语”的干扰项。语篇的流畅性依赖逻辑关系，比如转折、因果、并列、举例等，正确选项必然能与前后句形成清晰的逻辑闭环。判断时，可先根据前后句的信号词(如but、so、forexample)明确逻辑需求，再看选项是否能满足这一需求，无法满足则为干扰项。4.检查信息增量，删掉“重复冗余”的干扰项。正确选项的作用是“补充信息”,而有些干扰项只是对前后句的“同义复述”,没有任何新增内容，只会让语篇显得冗余。方法技巧03阅读七选五满分口诀词汇复现用且防；逻辑显隐前后句；标题标点善利用；首段尾句多旨意。时刻不忘系统观；见林见树思虑全。上下看，找复现。标点符号，结构对照。固定句式要记牢，速定答案错不了。遇代词，向前看，人对人，物对物，单对单；复对复。通览全文看文体，结构位置小标题；再看选项定功能，标题位置加逻辑；代词同派近反义，上下匹配关键词；段句之间找逻辑，条并转递因释例。先定框架再填缝，先看选项划关键，再读原文找题眼；段落首尾多主题，中间逻辑靠串联。复现替换是信号，原词同义多复现，代词指代要敏感；数字量词看前后，逻辑连词定方向。空处定位有规律，段首主题引下文，段中衔接靠过渡；段尾总结或承转，问号常考设问句。避开陷阱保准确，新题跑题要排除，原词陷阱看整体；逻辑断层必错误，代入通读验连贯。01(2019全国01(2019全国I卷)Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellust37Iftheairyou'rebreathingisclean--whichitwouldbeitheairisfilledwithlife-giving,energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors,yourbodywilllearntobremoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles(肌Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookwhoseebuildingsorskyinstead.3940Whilethesun'srayscanagaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'swortD.AnothersidebenefitofE.ButisfreshairreallyasgF.Justasimportantly,wetendtoasG.Allacrossthecount02(2019全国Ⅱ卷)02(2019全国Ⅱ卷)ImagineachildstandingonadivingboardfThisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitLikethechildonthedivingboard,youwi37Morethanthat,howshouldyyourvaluesyourstrengths,yourweaknesses,loYoualsoneedtojudgethequalityand/depthorelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetinleswhenyourheartisnotinthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatnfoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforwardAnotherwayofsettingrealibeliefs,valuesandstrengmustkeepthesepointsinYourpersonalcircumstancesafeequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeaonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.40Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andYouwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplathemwithoutamplemotivatioh.MakesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimB.Sohowshouldyoumofivateyourself?F.Motivationiswhątyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.G.Withoutmotivationyoucanneitherset03(2019全国Ⅲ卷)03(2019全国Ⅲ卷)Inanonlineclass,developinghealthypatWhileIhaveonlylistedabletoextendthelogic(逻辑)ofeachtotheirparticularcircumstance.coursedesign,readthesyllabus(教学大纲)andlearningmanagementsysteminformatior/tobesuretheanswerisn'thidinginplainsigh|.suretostayontopicandnotof·Don'topenlyexpressannoyanceataprofessororsocialmedia,thelanguprofessionalismorability,besuretouseonlinecourseevalC.Ifmoreinformationisneeded,D.RememberthatonlineprofessorsIQscoreslikeEinstein'sIntelligence),andBQForexample,peoplepreferdoingbusinesswithEQcentersonrecognizingandregulatingemotions—bosituations,andbuildingstrongrelationships.2Thispractiinfluencefeelings.StresscanbeahugtechniquesthatcanefMQbuildsonEQ,focusingonresponsstayinghonest,andtreatingotherswforgiveness—showingtoleranceofotherpeople'sshoBQreflectshowwellyouunderstand,valueitabsolutelyaffectsyourworkbecauseitlastepslikemonitoringweightcandramaticallybenefitthewayyouperformat 5Someonewiththesequalitieyoualone,butEQ,MQ,andBQupliftthosA.ThiscanbuildotherF.Toimproveit,startbytrackingyourinnerdialoguethroughG.Thus,investinginEQ,MQRecoveryafterexercisevariesgreatlyamongindividualexerciseregularlyhavestrongercathemtobouncebackfasterthanbeginners.SleepiswhenthebodydoesmostorecoverybyreducingtheproductionofgrowthhormonesneededfortissuerepscheduleisthusvitalforoptWhatyoueatafterexercisedirectlyaffectsrecovery.4Chronicstresscanhinderthebothatbreaksdownmuscletissueandimpairsimmunefunction.throughmeditationoryoga,canthereforespeeduprecovery.UnderstandingthesefactD.ItcanalsoincreasethF.EveryoneneedsadifferentamountoWeoftenhearthatgoodnu1ItturnsoutthatputtingpentopapercanhaveagreatimpactonoutraditionalhealthpraResearchsuggeststhatstressandthehormonecortisol(皮质醇)arecloselylinketimesofanxiety,cancausesignificantdamagetoourphysicalhealthifoverproduced,leadingtoissueslimanyto-dolists,youranxietyandyourfears.calmbookshelfofthoughts,feelings,and“thingsyoucancontrol”. 4It'smuchliketidyingabedroom—suddenly,yoroom,magicallytidied,witheveByclearingthefearandstress,enjoymorepeacefulsleep.NolongerareyoubotheredbhealthierandmoreorganizedB.Thebenefitsofwritingarenotjustphysical.C.Buthaveyouconsideredthepowerofwriting?D.ThisactoforganizationbringsasenseofF.Ifyouwishtofurtherclear,discusswhatyouhavEarthquakesaredangerousnaturaldisastersthatoccureveryyear.Ifyouliveinaregibetterchanceofsurvivinginyourcar?Pullovertotheshoulder.Ifyou'redrivingwhentheearthquakestrikeswhoaretryingtofleethearea.2Ifyouareonanoverpass(立交桥),donaroundforaspotwhereyourvehiclewillbesafefromfallingdebris(残 4Afteryouparkyourcar,youshouldturntheenbackwardsorforwardsifthegroundbecomesunevenbelowthevehicle.ThisisebridgeorelevatedroadwhereyourcarcouldrolloffA.Turnoffyourengine.C.ThismaypresentavarietyofchallenF.ThethickflatofthehigG.Inthiscase,youmayjustwEvenifyouthinkthatyourparentsaremean-spirited(小气的)attimes,lovingyourparentsisanormalandfulfillingpartoflife.Youlovethemforthefacttyouare.Herearesomewaystoloveyo Agentle“Goodmorning”and“Iloveyou”willwarmacoldestheart.Rememberbroughtyouintothisworld.WithoRespectthemmoreandcherishthesemoffonyourown.It'sOKjournalofyourfeelings,ortalktoafriend.2youaregoingthroughhellwheremembertheykeeparoofoveryourheadwhenit'scold,raining,snowing,ortoohot.Undhumanbeingsandmakemistakes.3SinceyoucanforgiveKeepcompanywiththem.Dothingswithyourparentslike4ListentotheiroldstoriesandlSomepeoplesimplymaynotbeabletolovA.ForgivenessisthekD.Afterthis,shareyourfeelinManyadultsareproudtosharetheirothers,Legosareontheirwishlistencou 2Seekingandsparkingchild-likejoymaybepartoftheappeal,saidbehavioraltherapistMaddyEllberger.“Whensomethingremindsusofapositivememassociationrecallsthosememories.” 3Clothingbrandsarealsocashinginonnostalgia(怀旧情怀)—fromCrocscreatingaLizzieMcGuireclogtoLululemon'sDisneycollectionmakingafullcomebackthatinckidsclothesnoweither,thankstothothetrendyafincreaseddivision.Butwheintoreal,in-personconnection.4sharedidentity,"Ellbergersaid.“AndIfeellikethat'ssomeoEllbergerhasagreatideaforthis.“Youotherswhoareintothereallycutewayofcon