GB 51304-2018 小型水电站施工安全标准：英文

GB51304-2018

STANDARDFORCONSTRUCTIONSAFETY

OFSMALLHYDROPOWERSTATIONS

小型水电站施工安全标准

专用

人人文库

IssuedonNovember1，2018ImplementedonApril1，2019

itheMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopment（MOHURD）

andtheGeneralAdministrationofQualitySupervision，Inspection

250.00andQuarantine（AQSIQ）ofthePeople'sRepublicofChina

NATIONALSTANDARD

OFTHEPEOPLE'SREPUBLICOFCHINA

STANDARDFORCONSTRUCTIONSAFETY

OFSMALLHYDROPOWERSTATIONS

GB51304-2018

DevelopedbyTheMinistryofWaterResourcesofthePeople'sRepublicofChina

ApprovedbyTheMinistryofHousingandUrbanRuralDevelopmentofthe

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People'sRepublicofChina

ImplementationDateApril1，2019

专用

人人文库

ChinaPlanningPress

Beijing2023

ChineseeditionfirstpublishedinthePeoplesRepublicofChinain2018

EnglisheditionfirstpublishedinthePeoplesRepublicofChinain2023

byChinaPlanningPress

rd

3Floor，CTower，GuohongBuilding

No.A11，Muxidi-Beili，Xicheng专用District

Beijing，100038

PrintedinChinabyBeijinghouchengzemingPrintingTechnologyCo.，Ltd

©2018bytheMinistr人人文库yofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentof

thePeoplesRepublicofChina

Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformor

byanymeans，graphic，electronic，ormechanical，includingphotocopying，recording，

oranyinformationstorageandretrievalsystems，withoutwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.

Thisbookissoldsubjecttotheconditionthatitshallnot，bywayoftradeorotherwise，belent，

resold，hiredoutorotherwisecirculatedwithoutthepublisherspriorconsentinanyformof

blindingorcoverotherthanthatinwhichthisispublishedandwithoutasimilarcondition

includingthisconditionbeingimposedonthesubsequentpurchaser.

ISBN978-7-5182-1699-4

NOTICE

ThisstandardiswritteninChineseandEnglish.TheChinesetextshallbetakenastherulingone

intheeventofanyinconsistencybetweentheChinesetextandtheEnglishtext.

专用

人人文库

AnnouncementoftheMinistryofHousingandUrban-Rural

DevelopmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChina

No.253of2018

AnnouncementoftheMinistryofHousingandUrbanRural

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DevelopmentonPublishingtheNationalStandardof

StandardforConstructionSafetyofSmallHydropowerStations

StandardforConstructionSafetyofSmallHydropowerStationshasbeenapprovedasanational

standardwithaserialnumberofGB51304-2018，andwillbeimplementedonApril1，2019.Inthis

standard，Articles（Items）2.1.9，2.5.1，2.5.2（1，4，8），2.5.3，3.3.4，3.3.9，3.3.10，3.4.2（4），3.6.1（8），

3.6.13，3.7.5（3），3.7.7aremandatoryonesandmustbeimplementedstrictly.

ThisstandardispubliclyavailableontheportalwebsiteoftheMinistryofHousingandUrbanRural

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Development（www.mohurd.gov.cn）.AuthorizedbytheResearchInstituteofStandardsandNormsof

MinistryofHousingandUrbanRuralDevelopment，thisstandard专用ispublishedanddistributedbyChina

-

PlanningPress.

MinistryofHousingandUrbanRuralDevelopmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChina

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人人文库November1，2018

Foreword

AccordingtotherequirementsofDocumentJIANBIAO［2012］No.5issuedbytheMinistryof

HousingandUrbanRuralDevelopment（MOHURD）ofthePeople'sRepublicofChina—＂Noticeon

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PrintingandDistributing'theDevelopmentandRevisionPlanofNationalEngineeringConstruction

Standardsin2012'＂，andaftercarryingoutextensiveinvestigationandresearch，summarizingpast

experience，andreferringtorelevantinternationalandforeignstandards，thedraftinggroupformulated

thisstandardbasedonwiderangingsolicitationofopinions.

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Thisstandardconsistsof5chapters，covering：generalprovisions，basicrequirements，onsite

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constructionsafety，safetyforfloodfightingandemergencyplan.

Theprovisionsprintedinboldtypearemandatoryonesandmustbeimplementedstrictly.

TheMinistryofHousingandUrbanRuralDevelopmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaisin

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chargeofadministrationofthisstandardandexplanationofitsmandatoryprovisions，andtheMinistryof

WaterResources（MWR）isinchargeoftheroutinemanagement.NationalResearchInstituteforRural

ElectrificationofMWRisresponsiblefortheinterpretationofthespecifictechnicalcontent.Ifthereare

anycommentsorsuggestionsduringtheimplementationofthisstandard，pleasesendthemtoNational

ResearchInstituteforRuralElectrification（Address：122XueyuanRoad，XihuDistrict，Hangzhou，

ZhejiangProvince，P.R.China，Postcode：310012）.专用

ChiefDevelopmentOrganization，ChiefDraftersandChiefReviewersofthisstandard：

ChiefDevelopmentOrganization：

NationalResearchInstituteforRuralElectrificationofMWR

ChiefDrafters：

JIANGHepingLIUZhongminZHOUWeibinZHOUGuopingXIAWeicai

CHENChangjieLIFengjunHANYonglinGUANJianLITingting

ChiefReviewers：人人文库

MAYuganLIUDeyou

ChiefTranslators：

JIANGHepingXUZhifengSHUJingGUANJianLITingtingSHIJin

CHUXiaojieJIANGZheyangTANGYanqiuGUYugeSHENXuequn

Contents

1Generalprovisions………………（1）

2Basicrequirements………………（2）

2.1Constructionlayout………………（2）

2.2Operatingpersonnel………………（2）

2.3Constructionsitepowersupply……………………（4）

2.4Installationandoperationofconstructionequipment…………………（4）

2.5Protectionmeasuresforsafety……………………（5）

2.6Firecontrol………………………（7）

2.7Occupationalhealthandenvironmentalprotection……………………（7）

2.8Ecofriendlyandwellmanagedconstruction…………（7）

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3Onsiteconstructionsafety………………………（9）

-

3.1Earthworks………………………（9）

3.2Foundationtreatment……………（10）

3.3Aggregateproduction……………（11）

3.4Concreteworks…………………（12）

3.5Masonryworks…………………专用（14）

3.6Metalworks……………………（15）

3.7Mechanicalandelectricalinstallation………………（17）

4Safetyforfloodfighting…………（21）

5Emergencyplan…………………（22）

5.1Generalrequirements……………（22）

5.2Emergencyrescue………………（22）

Explanationofwordinginthisstandard……………（25）

Listofquotedstandards……………人人文库（26）

1Generalprovisions

1.0.1Thisstandardisformulatedforthepurposeofstandardizingtheworksafetyintheconstruction

ofsmallhydropowerstations，clarifyingtheworksafetyrequirementsintheconstructionprocess，and

preventingallkindsofworksafetyaccidents.

1.0.2Thisstandardisapplicabletotheworksafetymanagementofnewconstruction，expansion，

technicalrenovationofsmallhydropowerstationswiththeinstalledcapacityofasinglestationranging

from0.5MWto50MW.

1.0.3Duringtheconstructionofsmallhydropowerstations，ownershallestablishasafety

managementteamwithparticipationofcontractor，designer，supervisor，etc.Asafetymanagement

systemshallbesetupwithclearworksafetyresponsibilitiesandtasksofeachparty.Allpartiesshall

performtheirowndutiesandresponsibilities，andmakejointeffortstoensureworksafety.

1.0.4Toaddressworksafetyaccidents，accountabilitysystemshallbeimplemented，andaccident

reporting，investigationandtreatmentproceduresstandardizedtopreventorminimizesuchaccidents.

1.0.5Inadditiontotherequirementsofthiscode，constructionsafetyofsmallhydropowerstations，the

provisionsstipulatedshallalsocomplywiththosestipulatedinthecurrentrelevantstandardsofthe

nation.专用

人人文库

1··

2Basicrequirements

2.1Constructionlayout

Constructionandproductionareashouldbeunderclosedoffmanagement.Constructionwarning

2.1.1-

signs，safetyregulationsandrulesofHSE（health，safetyandenvironment）shallbesetupinaneasyto

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findmannerateachentranceandexit.Irrelevantpersonnelorfacilitiesarenotallowedtobemobilized

intoclosedoffareawithoutpermission.

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2.1.2Theconstructionareaofspecialworkssuchasblasting，highsideslopeandtunnelexcavation

shallbeundersafetyisolationmanagement.Irrelevantpersonnelorfacilitiesarenotallowedtobe

mobilizedintosafetyisolationarea.

2.1.3Inhighmountainandgorgeareasandotherareaspronetodebrisflow，landslideandother

geologicaldisasters，constructionsiteandcampsiteshallnotbelocatedinthedebrisflowaffectedareas

suchasgulliesorunstableslideslopes.

Fulltime（parttime）workplacesafetymanagementpersonnelshallbeassignedforsafety

2.1.4--

inspection.Theyshallidentifysafetyhazardspromptly，followrectificationprocessandcorrect

regulationviolationbehavioursonsite.

2.1.5Constructionfacilities，temporarybuildings，pipelines专用andotherfacilitiesshallbearrangedin

accordancewiththesafetyrequirementsoffloodcontrol，fireproof，impactresistance，windproofand

occupationalhealth.

Equipmentandmaterialsstoredonconstructionsiteshallbecategorized，welllabeled，and

2.1.6-

placedfirmlyandneatly.

2.1.7Electricityutilizationshallcomplywithconstructionelectricityutilizationschemeandsafety

technicalmeasures.Wires，electricalsubstationanddistributionequipment，andotherelectricaldevices

shallmeettherequirementsoffireproof人人文库，lightningproof，insulationandsafetydistance.

2.1.8Livingandofficeareasonsiteshallbeseparatedfromproductionandoperationareaswithsafety

distance.Staffdormitoryshallnotbeinuncompletedbuildings.

2.1.9Appropriateprohibition，indicationandwarningsignsshallbeplacedatthesitesof

hazardousoperation，storageofinflammable，explosiveandtoxicsubstances，warehouses，

electricalsubstationsandswitchroomsandfireprohibitionareas.

2.1.10Roadwaysonconstructionsiteshallbelevelandunobstructedtomeettherequirementsforthe

safetyofconstructionvehicles，fireenginesandpedestrians.Thedailycleaningandmaintenanceof

roadwaysshallbeproperlyimplemented.

2.1.11Warningsigns，trafficlightsorsafetyprotectionfacilitiesshallbesetupatroadsectionswith

potentialhazardsforconstructionvehiclesaccordingtorelevantrequirements.

2.2Operatingpersonnel

2.2.1Thesafetyandinductiontrainingofprojectmanagementandoperatingpersonnelshallmeetthe

followingrequirements：

1Theprincipaldirectorofprojectowner，themanagerandsafetymanagementpersonnelof

2··

constructionprojectshallbetrainedandassessedonworksafety，andshallnotgoondutywithout

qualificationapprovalbyrelevantadministrativeauthorities.

2Contractorshallorganizesafetytrainingforemployeesexceptprincipaldirectors，worksafety

managementpersonnelandspecialoperationspersonnel.

Constructionoperatorswhochangetheirpostsintheirowncompaniesorreturntotheirex

3-

postsafterleavingformorethanoneyearshallretakesafetytrainingfromthecontractor.

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4Contractorshallprovidesafetytrainingtonewemployeesandensurethattheyhavenecessary

knowledgeandskillsforsafeoperation，selfandmutualrescue，andemergencyresponsebeforestarting

theirduties.

5Whencontractorbringsinnewprocesses，technologies，equipmentsormaterials，itshall

providetargetededucationandtrainingonworksafetytooperatorsconcerned.

6Specialoperationspersonnelshallreceivespecialsafetytrainingandshallnotcommencework

withoutassessment.

7Theworksafetytrainingofsmallhydropowerstationsshallcoverthestation'sworksafety

briefingandbasicknowledge，therulesandregulationsofworksafetyandlabordiscipline，thework

safetyrightsandobligationsofemployees，relevantaccidentcases，emergencyrescuecases，emergency

plandrillsandpreventivemeasures.

2.2.2Withoutthepermissionofrelevantpersoninchargeoftechnologyandsafety，nooperatorshall

reassignhisownworktoothers.

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2.2.3Theinstallation，maintenanceandusageofspecialequipment专用shallbedoneonlybyoperators

withspecialequipmentoperationqualification.Electricalinstallation，commissioningandmaintenance

shallbedoneonlybyoperatorswithelectricaloperationqualification.

Offsitepersonnelshallkeepthemselvesawayfromtheoperatingrangeofworkingmechanical

2.2.4-

equipmentsuchasexcavators，cranesorslings.Passageorstayunderhangingobjectsshallnotbe

allowed，andstayorrestnotbeallowedeitherindangerousareassuchassteepslopes，highplacesand

wateredges，rockfallandcollapseareasandequipmentrunningpassageways.

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2.2.5Inconstructionarea，allpeople人人文库shallwalkonlyonallowableroads，payattentiontovarious

dangerwarningsignsandsignals，strictlyabidebytrafficrules，andavoidanydangerousbehavioursuch

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asjumpingoutoforclimbingonarunningvehicle，hitchingaride，etc.

Nonpoststaffshallnotbeallowedtoenterelectricalsubstationsandswitchrooms，oxygen

2.2.6-

stations，coalgasstations，acetylenestations，aircompressorstations，generatorrooms，boilerrooms，oil

depots，dangerousgoodswarehousesandotherkeylocationswithoutpermission.

2.2.7Mechanicalandelectricalequipmentoperatorsshallcomplywithequipmentoperation

regulationsandnotleavetheirpostswhileequipmentisrunning.Whenleavingtheirposts，operators

shallensureallmechanicalandelectricalequipmentinsafestate，whichshallbestoppedwithpower

cut.

2.2.8Onconstructionsite，itismandatorytowearPPE（personalprotectiveequipment）suchas

uniform，safetyshoesandsafetyhelmet，andproperlyuseprotectiveequipmentandtoolssuchassafety

ropeandsafetybelt.Slippers，highheelsorbarefeetshallbestrictlyprohibited.

2.2.9Aerialoperatorsshalltakephysicalexaminationbeforegoingonduty.Peoplesufferingfrom

certaindiseases，suchashypertension，heartdiseaseandacrophobiashallbeforbiddentoworkat

heights.

3··

2.3Constructionsitepowersupply

2.3.1Constructionsitepowersupplyshallcomplywithcurrentnationalstandard，GB50194Codefor

SafetyofPowerSupplyandConsumptionforConstructionSite.

2.3.2Gummedwiresorflexiblecordsshallnotbeusedaspowersupplylinesonsite.Theselection

andqualityofhighvoltagecablesshallbeinlinewithcurrentprofessronalstandard，DL/T401

-Guideto

.

theSelectionofHigh-VoltageCables

2.3.3TheendswitchesofallelectricalappliancesshallbeequippedwithRCDs（residualcurrent

devices）thatmeetsafetyrequirements.Onsitepowerlinesandlightinglinesshallbeseparatedand

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markedasrequired.Lowvoltagelightinginsteadofiodidetungstenlampsshallbeusedforlightingon

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scaffoldsandinsidesteelpipes.

2.3.4Powerlinesshallnottouchwetground，beclosetoheatsources，ordirectlybetiedtometal

componentswithoutanydamageorexposureoftheirinnercores.

2.3.5Powersupplyconnectionpermitsystemshallbestrictlyimplemented.Ifacontractorwantsto

connectthepowersupplyofotherelectricityowners，itshallgetpermitswithformalitiesfrom

electricianteamorelectricianinchargeofpowerlines.Powersupplywiringshallbeconnectedat

designatedpointandcarriedoutstrictlyinaccordancewiththesafetyregulationsofelectricianoperation.

2.4Installationandoperationofconstructionequipment

2.4.1Constructionequipmentshallbeprovidedwith专用qualifiedcertificates，designdrawings，

installationandmaintenanceinstructions，relevantsafetytechnicalstandardsandothermaterials，and

complywiththeprovisionsofrelevantstandards.

2.4.2Equipmentshallbeinstalledbasedondesigndrawingsandinstructions，andnotbemodified

withouttheconsentofrelevantdesignandmanufacturingdepartments.

2.4.3Theassembly，welding，lifting，pipesystem，heatinsulation，corrosionprotection，electrical

installationandwiringofconstructionequipmentshallcomplywithrelevantsafetytechnicaloperation

procedures.人人文库

2.4.4Equipmentoperatorsshallunderstandthebasicstructureandworkingprincipleoftarget

equipment，andbefamiliarwithitsperformance，specifications，maintenance，andsafetyoperation

procedures.Afterpassingexamination，operatorsshalltakeupthepostwithqualification.

2.4.5Allkindsofmechanicalmonitoringinstruments（suchasvoltmeter，ammeter，pressuregauge，

thermometer，etc.）andsafetydevices（suchasbrakemechanism，variouslimiter，safetyvalve，locking

device，loadindicator，etc.）shallbecomplete，matching，sensitiveandreliable.

2.4.6Constructionequipmentshallnotrununderthetechnicalconditionswithmalfunctionorsafety

hazards，orbeyonditsnameplaterequirements.Timelychecking，repairingandmaintenanceofthe

equipmentshallbedoneduringdowntime.

2.4.7Theuncoveredrotatingandtransmittingpartsofconstructionequipmentshallbeequippedwith

protectivedevices.

2.4.8Dismantlementorinstallationplanshallbemadeandconstructionsafetymeasuresestablished

fortheinstallation，dismantlementofhoistingmachineryandintegralliftingscaffold，moldingboardsand

otherjackuperectionfacilities，whichshallbesubjecttotheonsitesupervisionofprofessional

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technician.

4··

2.4.9Safetytransportroutesshallbesetinadvancewhenlargetransportandconstructionmachinery

vehiclesenterandexitconstructionsitewithpersonnelspeciallyassignedfortrafficcontrol.

2.4.10Theinstallationfoundationofheavyfacilitiesmustbestable.Mobileequipmentshallbeplaced

onsolidsitewithsmoothsurface.

2.4.11Theinstallation，operationandmanagementoflargeconstructionmachineryandspecial

equipmentshallcomplywithcurrentprofessionalstandard，SL398GeneralTechnicalSpecificationfor

SafetyofHydraulicandHydroelectricEngineeringConstruction.

2.4.12Electricalequipmentshallbeinstalledandoperatedinaccordancewiththefollowing

requirements：

Electricalequipment，componentsandlines，includinglightingandhandheldelectrictools，

1-

shallbewellinsulatedandprotectedagainstwaterandmoisture.

2Electricalcircuitsconnectedtoelectricmachineryshallbeequippedwithswitchesorsocketsas

wellasprotectivedevices.

3Softrubbercablesshallbeusedinmobileelectricmachinery，strictlyfollowingtheprinciple

of＂onemachine，oneknifeswitch，oneRCDandoneswitchbox＂.

4Inplaceswithinflammableandexplosivegases，electricalequipmentandlinesshallmeetthe

requirementsofexplosionprotection.

5Inplaceswithalargeamountofsteamanddust，electricalequipmentandlinesshallmeetthe

requirementsofsealing，dustproofandmoistureproof.

6Electricheaters，iodinetungstenlamps，longarcxenon专用lampsandotherelectricalequipment

emittingalargeamountofheatshallnotbeinstallednearcombustiblematerials.Isolationandheat

insulationmeasuresshallbetakenwhennecessary.

2.5Protectionmeasuresforsafety

2.5.1Thereshallbespecialsafetytechnicalmeasuresfordangerousoperationssuchasblasting，

constructiononhighslope，intunnel，onwater（orunderwater），andatheights，multi-layercross

construction，heavytransport，installation人人文库anddemolitionofheavyconstructionfacilitieswith

personnelspeciallyassignedforsafetymonitoring.

2.5.2Thesafetyprotectionofworkatheightsshallcomplywiththefollowingrequirements：

1Beforeworkatheights，bentframes，scaffoldfloors，accessplatforms，berms，laddersand

otherfacilitiesshallbeinspectedtomeetsafetyrequirements.Scaffoldplatformforworkatheights

shallbelaidwithfixedscaffoldfloorwithguardrailingsofnolessthan1.2minheightatthefree

edge.

2Beforehighslopeoperation，riskyrocksandunstablebodiesonslopeshallbecleared，and

protectivefacilitiespreparedaboveworkingsurface.

3Fordanglingoperationondamcrests，steepslopes，roofs，cliffs，poletowers，suspension

bridges，scaffoldsandotherdangerousedges，safetynetorguardrailingsmustbepreparedatfreeface.

4Safetynetshallbesetforworkatheightsnearedgeorfreeface.Themaximumheightof

safetynetfromworksurfaceshallnotexceed3.0m，anditshorizontallyprojectedwidthnotbeless

than2.0m.Safetynetshallbefirmlyfixedandraisedwithworksurface.

5Thefreeedgeofaccessplatformsatheightsmustbeequippedwithguardrailingswithtoe

boardatthelowerpartofguardrailings.

5··

6Protectiveshedsshallbesetupforthepartsthatmaybeaffectedbyfallingobjectsforworkat

heights，multilayerwork，tunnelexitandrunningequipment.Thematerialsandthicknessofprotective

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shedsshallmeetsafetyrequirements.

7Thesafetydevicesofelevator，gondola，liftandotherequipmentusedbyoperatorsatheights

shallbecomplete，sensitiveandreliable.

8Duringworkatheights，inflammableandexplosiveitemsbelowworkingsurfaceshallbe

clearedwithcorrespondingmeasuresbeforehotworksuchaselectricwelding，gaswelding，etc.

Fire-fightingequipmentshallbepreparedwithpersonnelspeciallyassignedformonitoring.

2.5.3Warningsignsshallbesetupatdangerousplacessuchaswells，holes，pits，ditchesand

openingsonconstructionsiteinaneasy-to-findmannerwithprotectivemeasuressuchascover

platesorfences.

2.5.4Constructionscaffoldshallcomplywiththefollowingrequirements：

1ConstructionscaffoldshallfollowthecurrentstandardsinChina，JGJ128TechnicalCodefor

SafetyofFrameScaffoldingswithSteelTubulesinConstruction，JGJ130TechnicalCodeforSafetyof

SteelTubularScaffoldwithCouplersinConstructionandGB50009LoadCodefortheDesignof

BuildingStructures.

2Constructionscaffoldshallnotbeputintousewithoutinspectionandacceptance.After

acceptance，dismantling，modificationorplateaddingwithoutsupportshallnotbedoneatwill.If

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dismantlingandmodificationareneeded，technicalmeasuresshallbeformulated，reviewedand

approvedbeforeimplementation.专用

3Materialsstackedonscaffoldshallnotexceeddesignload.

2.5.5Safetybarriers（walls）shallbesetupatfreefacesuchastheedgeofvehicleroadonsteepslope

ofclifforthefreeedgeofplatformworkingsurface.

2.5.6Ifthereareunfavorablegeologicalconditionsduringtunneloperation，supportmeasuresshallbe

takenbasedonlocalgeologicalconditions，suchasprefabricatedsupportwithsteel，wood，concreteor

shotcreteboltsupport.

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2.5.7Thegraphicsandcoloursofallsafetysignsonconstructionsiteshallfollowrelevantnational

regulationsinChina.人人文库

Electricalequipmentshallbeprotectedbywaterproof，dampproofandanticreepdevicesand

2.5.8--

equippedwithrelayprotectiondevices.Highvoltageandotherspecialenvironmentshallbeisolated

withsafetyfacilities.

2.5.9Duringworkatheights，safetyprotectionmeasuresshallbetakenaroundworkinglayer（surface）

withguardrailingsandsafetynets.

2.5.10Safetyprotectivegearsshallcomplywiththefollowingrequirements