【英语】高二英语阅读理解(教育文化)解题技巧及经典题型及练习题(含答案)

【英语】高二英语阅读理解(教育文化)解题技巧及经典题型及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类1．阅读理解

Limitingkids'recreational(消遣的)screentimetolessthantwohoursaday,alongwithenoughsleepandphysicalactivity,isassociatedwithimprovedcognition(认知),accordingtoastudypublishedinTheLancetChild&AdolescentHealth.

Thestudyincludedabout4,500USchildrenaged8to11andmeasuredtheirhabitsagainsttheCanadian24-HourMovementGuidelinesforChildrenandYouth.Itfoundthat51%ofthechildrengottherecommended(建议)ninetoelevenhoursofuninterruptedsleeppernight,37%mettherecreationalscreentimelimitoftwohoursorlessperday,while18%metthephysicalactivityrecommendationofatleast60minutesofaccumulatedphysicalactivityaday.Only5%ofthechildreninthestudymetallthreerecommendations;30%metnoneatall.

Theresearchersfoundthataseachrecommendationwasmetbyaparticipant,therewasapositiveassociationwithglobalcognition,whichincludesmemory,attention,processingspeedandlanguage.Thosewhometallthreehadthemost"superior"globalcognition,followedbythosemeetingthesleepandscreentimerecommendationandfinallythescreentimerecommendationalone,accordingtothestudy.

Otherorganizations,suchastheAmericanAcademyofPediatricshaveguidelinesinplacetohelpwiththemanagementofchildren'sscreentime.Theorganizationsuggestsputtingrealisticrulesorlimitsinplaceforhowlongyourchildrenareontheirscreens,knowingwhotheyaretalkingtoandwhattheyaredoing.Theamountofrecommendedscreentimedependsontheageofthechild.Besides,parentsshouldalsomakesuretoencouragephysicalactivityandhavebedroomrulessuchascreating"tech-freezones".（1）Whoarethetargetreadersofthispassage?A.Researchers.B.Teachers.C.Parents.D.Children.（2）Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Astudyonchildren'sscreentimeispublished.B.TheUSchildrenfailtomeetmovementguidelines.C.Organizationsareconcernedaboutchildren'scognition.D.Limitationonchildren'sscreentimeislinkedtobettercognition.（3）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmightcontributeleasttocognition?A.Thescreentimelimit.B.Sleephours.C.Thephysicalactivitytime.D.Sleephoursandthescreentimelimit.（4）WhydoestheAmericanorganizationsuggestcreating"tech-freezones"?A.Tomakesurechildrenhaveenoughphysicalplaytime.B.Tomakesurechildrenhaveenoughsleeptime.C.Tomakesurechildrenhaverecreationaltime.D.Toprotectchildrenagainstradiation.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，建议父母们要把孩子的屏幕消遣时间限制在2小时之内、保证孩子有足够的睡眠和锻炼，因为这样做可以让孩子有更好的认知能力。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Limitingkids'recreational(消遣的)screentimetolessthantwohoursaday,alongwithenoughsleepandphysicalactivity,isassociatedwithimprovedcognition(认知),accordingtoastudypublishedinTheLancetChild&AdolescentHealth.”可知，本文主要建议父母们要把孩子的屏幕消遣时间限制在2小时之内、保证孩子有足够的睡眠和锻炼，这样做可以让孩子有更好的认知能力。所以本文的目标读者是父母们，而不是研究人员、老师或儿童。故选C。（2）考查主旨大意。本文主要建议父母们要把孩子的屏幕消遣时间限制在2小时之内、保证孩子有足够的睡眠和锻炼。根据第三段中的“Thosewhometallthreehadthemost'superior'globalcognition…”告诉父母们如果他们这样做可以让孩子有更好的认知能力。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Thosewhometallthreehadthemost'superior'globalcognition,followedbythosemeetingthesleepandscreentimerecommendationandfinallythescreentimerecommendationalone,accordingtothestudy.”可知，满足三个要求的人认知能力最好，接下来是满足睡眠时间以及屏幕消遣限制时间，最后是满足屏幕消遣限制时间。据此推断，体育锻炼对认知能力影响最小。故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Besides,parentsshouldalsomakesuretoencouragephysicalactivityandhavebedroomrulessuchascreating'tech-freezones'.”可知,theAmericanAcademyofPediatrics建议父母们给孩子设立睡眠规则，例如“tech-freezones”，目的是确保孩子在卧室里有足够的睡眠时间。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解Deareditor(编辑),

Can'tyournewspaperdosomethingaboutthecustom(习惯)ofhitchhiking?

Ashorttimeago,onacartravelIcountedatleast50peoplestandingbesidetheroad,askingforrides.Manyofthemwereyoungwomen.

Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?Howmuchdotheyknowaboutthedriver?Isheagooddriverornot?Theyknownothing!

Manyoftheseyounghitchhikersmaycomefromgoodfamilies.Don'ttheirparentsteachthemanythingabouttheworld?Ialwaystaughtmychildrennottotalktostrangers.Ineverletthemtakeridesfrompeopletheydidn'tknow.

Isn'tthereenoughcrime(犯罪)todaywithoutaskingfortroublebyhitchhiking?Ontheotherhand,hitchhikingmaybringsometraffictrouble.Don'tyouthinkwhatIsaidistrue?

AWorriedGrandfather（1）Theword"hitchhiking"means

.A.

waitingforabusatthebusstopB.

drivingtosomewhereinadangerouswayC.

goingsomewherebygettingfreeridesinothers'carD.

askingastrangerthewaywhoisinacar（2）TheWorriedGrandfather

.A.

doesn'tlikeyoungwomentodrivecarsB.

thinksitisdangerousforayoungwomantogetintoastranger'scarC.

likesdriverstobecarefulandstrictintheirworkD.

neverletshischildrengetintootherpeople'scar（3）TheWorriedGrandfather

.A.

washitbyacarwhenhewasstandingbytheroadB.

isagooddriverandoftengivesfreeridestostrangersC.

isintroublenowandhewantstogetsomehelpfromthenewspaperD.

hasseenmuchoftheworldandheisverycareful（4）TheWorriedGrandfatherwrotethelettertotell

.A.

thenewspapertoletitsreadersknowthedangerofhitchhikingB.

youngwomennevertogoonalongtravelaloneC.

youngpeopletolistentotheirparentsathomeD.

hischildrennottotalktostrangersontheroad（5）Whatdoyouthinkagoodeditorisgoingtodoafterhegetstheletter?A.

Hewilleitherreturnthelettertotheoldmanorgiveittothepolicestation.B.

HewillwritebacktotheWorriedGrandfatherandtellhimnottohitchhikeC.

Hewillwritesomethingaboutthedangerofhitchhikinginthenewspaper.D.

Hewillholdameetingtotellthedriverstomakelessthetraffictrouble.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A（5）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为搭便车，尤其是女性搭便车存在安全隐患。他向报社求助，希望他们可以让公众意识到这个问题。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“onacartravelIcountedatleast50peoplestandingbesidetheroad,askingforrides.”在车上我看到至少有50个人站在路边请求搭车；以及第三段中的“Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?”难道他们不知道上陌生人的车有多危险吗？可推测hitchhiking的意思是“免费乘坐陌生人的车去某地”。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“”Manyofthemwereyoungwomen.”；以及第三段中的“Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?”可知，作者认为女性搭便车非常危险。故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Ialwaystaughtmychildrennottotalktostrangers.Ineverletthemtakeridesfrompeopletheydidn'tknow.”和第五段中的“Isn'tthereenoughcrime(犯罪)todaywithoutaskingfortroublebyhitchhiking?Ontheotherhand,hitchhikingmaybringsometraffictrouble.”可知作者一直教育他的孩子不要和陌生人讲话更不能坐陌生人的车，他认为即使没有搭便车所造成的麻烦，当今的犯罪已经够多了，而且搭便车还会给交通带来麻烦。故推测作者是一个很细心而且见过很多事的人。故选D。（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Don'ttheyunderstandhowdangerousitistogetintothecardrivenbyastranger?Howmuchdotheyknowaboutthedriver?Isheagooddriverornot?Theyknownothing!”可知作者认为很多人不知道搭便车很危险，故推测他写信的目的是让报纸提醒人们搭便车危险。故选A。（5）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Can'tyournewspaperdosomethingaboutthecustom(习惯)ofhitchhiking?”作者反问报纸“难道你们的报纸不能为搭便车的习惯做些事吗？”可推测，如果是一个好的编辑，在看到信后会写一篇关于搭便车会有安全隐患的文章刊登到报纸上。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Duringyourfouryearsinthecollege,you'llhavemanyexcitingchoicestomake,thefirstofwhichwillbeyourcourseselectionforyourfirstsemester.Thebeautyofthischoiceisthatyoucan'tgowrong!NomatterwhichoneofourFirst-YearOptionsyouselecttoapplyfor,youwillcreatearichintellectualexperiencetobeginyourcollegecareer.

Option1:LiberalArtsSeminar

TheLiberalArtsSeminarisamultidisciplinary(多学科的)coursethatexplorestheculturalhistoryoftheMediterraneanthroughfictionalandnonfictionalbooks.Fallschedule:WhenRegistrationopens,youwillselectbetweenoneandfouradditionalcoursestocompleteyourschedule.

Option2:FLLHagerScholarsProgram

TheFLLHagerScholarsProgramisdesignedwithourmostambitiousstudentsoflanguagesandlinguisticsinmind,andisdesignedtocreateforthembothasenseofcommunityandopportunitiesforintellectualgrowth.

Fallschedule:WhenRegistrationopens,youwillselectbetweenoneandthreeadditionalcoursestocompleteyourschedule.

Option3:IgnatiusSeminars

Offeredonlyinthefirstsemester,IgnatiusSeminarsintroducestudentstothedepthanddiversityofGeorgetown'sdynamicintellectualcommunity.

Fallschedule:WhenRegistrationopens,youwillselectthreeorfouradditionalcoursestocompleteyourschedule.

Option4:TraditionalFirst-YearAcademicProgram

Withthisprogram,you'lltakeyourfirststepintothecollege'srichandvariedcorecoursesandexploreyourfieldsofinterestinfreeoptionalcoursework.

Fallschedule:WhenRegistrationopens,youwillbuildascheduleoffourorfiveadditionalcoursesfromthefullcollegecurriculum.（1）HowdostudentslearntheculturalhistoryoftheMediterranean?A.

Bycompletingtheschedule.

B.

Bywritingfictionalbooks.C.

Byselectinglor4courses.

D.

Byreadingmaterialsofthisarea.（2）Whichprogramissuitableforastudentinterestedinlanguages?A.

Option1.

B.

Option2.

C.

Option3.

D.

Option4.（3）What'sapossiblereasonforchoosingOption4?A.

Itisdesignedforlanguagelearners.

B.

Itprovidesvariouscoursesforfree.C.

Itintroducesyoutoareasofinterest.

D.

Itisonlyofferedinthefirstsemester.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇说明文，在大学的四年里，你会有很多令人兴奋的选择，第一个是你第一学期的课程选择。这个选择的美妙之处在于你不会出错！无论你选择申请哪一个，你都将为你的大学生涯创造一个丰富的智力体验。作者介绍了大学生对课程的四种选择。（1）考查细节理解。根据Option1:LiberalArtsSeminar部分中的“TheLiberalArtsSeminarisamultidisciplinary（多学科的）coursethatexplorestheculturalhistoryoftheMediterraneanthroughfictionalandnonfictionalbooks.”人文学科研讨会是一门多学科课程，通过虚构和非虚构的书籍探索地中海的文化历史，可知，学生通过虚构和非虚构的书籍探索地中海的文化历史。由此可知，学生是通过阅读该地区的资料来学习地中海的文化历史的。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据Option2:FLLHagerScholarsProgram部分中的“TheFLLHagerScholarsProgramisdesignedwithourmostambitiousstudentsoflanguagesandlinguisticsinmind,andisdesignedtocreateforthembothasenseofcommunityandopportunitiesforintellectualgrowth.”FLLHagerScholarsProgram的设计初衷是为我们最具雄心的语言和语言学学生服务，旨在为他们创造一种社区感和智力成长的机会，可知，Option2的设计初衷是为我们最具雄心的语言和语言学学生服务。可知，对语言感兴趣的学生可以选择Option2:FLLHagerScholarsProgram。故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据Option4:TraditionalFirst-YearAcademicProgram部分中的“Withthisprogram,you'lltakeyourfirststepintothecollege'srichandvariedcorecoursesandexploreyourfieldsofinterestinfreeoptionalcoursework.”有了这个项目，你将迈出你的第一步，进入大学丰富多样的核心课程，在自由选修课程中探索你感兴趣的领域。可知，Option4在自由选修课程中探索你感兴趣的领域。可推知，Option4能把你领进你感兴趣的领域，这应该是学生选择Option4的原因。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Parentsdonotowe(欠)theirchildrenacollegeeducation.Iftheycanaffordit,theycancertainlysendthemtoagooduniversity.Buttheyneedn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan't.Whenchildrengrowupandwanttogetmarried,theirparentsdonotowethemanapartment.Theydonothavethedutytolookaftertheirgrandchildren,either.Iftheywanttodoit,itmustbeconsideredafavor,notanobligation.

Doparentsowetheirchildrenanything?Yes,theyowethemagreatdeal.Oneoftheirobligationsistogivetheirchildrenapersonalworth.Childrenwhoarealwaysmadetofeelstupidandunworthy,constantlycomparedwithbrighterbrothers,sisters,orcousinswillbecomesounsure,soafraidoffailingthattheywon'ttryatall.Ofcoursetheyshouldbeproperlycorrectedwhentheydowrong,butit'softenbettertoletchildrenlearntheirmistakesbythemselvesintime.Alltheirparentsshoulddoistotrustthem,respectthem,understandthemandgivethemchancestotryandfail.Theymustlearntostandfailure.Whencriticisms(批评)arereallyneeded,theyshouldbebalancedwithasmileandakiss.Thatisthewaychildrenlearn.

Parentsowetheirchildrenasetofsolidvaluesaroundwhichtobuildtheirlives.Thismeansteachingthemtorespecttherightsandopinionsofothers;itmeansbeingrespectfultoelders,toteachers,andtothelaw.Thebestwaytoteachsuchvaluesisbydeed.Achildwhoisliedtowilllie.Achildwhoseesnolaughterandnoloveinthehomewillhavedifficultylaughingandloving.Nochildaskstobeborn.Ifyoubringalifeintotheworld,youowethechildsomething.（1）Theauthorthinksparents________.A.shouldsendtheirchildrentocollegeB.shouldsupporttheirchildrenaftertheygetmarriedC.needtobuyanapartmentfortheirchildrenD.needn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan'tsendtheirchildrentouniversities（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"obligation"inParagraph1mean?A.Right.B.Promise.C.Duty.D.Excuse.（3）Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldparentsdowhenchildrenmakemistakes?A.Understandthemandtellthemnottodothatagain.B.Letthemlearnthemistakesbythemselvesintime.C.Comparethemwithbrighterbrothersorsisters.D.Correcttheirmistakesimmediately.（4）Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthispassage?A.Thedutiesofparents.B.Thebestwaytoteachchildren.C.Thereasonwhychildrenfeelstupidandunworthy.D.Thereasonwhyparentsowetheirchildrensomething.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，就父母对子女真正的责任是什么进行论述，总结出父母真正要给予孩子的是个人价值和正确的价值观，这才是父母真正的职责。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Parentsdonotowe（欠）theirchildrenacollegeeducation...Buttheyneedn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan't.”父母不欠子女大学教育......如果他们承担不起大学教育，也不必感到内疚，可知，作者认为，如果父母不能送子女上大学，也不必感到内疚。故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Iftheywanttodoit,itmustbeconsideredafavor,notanobligation.”如果他们想这样做，就必须把它看作一种恩惠，而不是义务，这一句中的“favor”意为“恩惠、帮忙”相反意思应为“义务、责任”，所以可以判断“obligation”应是“义务”之意，同时“obligation”和前一句“Theydonothavethedutytolookaftertheirgrandchildren,either.”他们也没有义务照顾孙子孙女，这一句里的“duty”是近义词，属于词义重现用法。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Ofcoursetheyshouldbeproperlycorrectedwhentheydowrong,butit'softenbettertoletchildrenlearntheirmistakesbythemselvesintime.”当然，如果孩子做错了，他们应该得到适当的纠正，但是最好是让孩子们自己及时地知道他们的错误，可知，当孩子犯错时，父母应该让孩子自己及时了解错误。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Parentsdonotowe（欠）theirchildrenacollegeeducation...”从父母送子女上大学，帮忙买房子或照看孙辈等琐事引入主题，说明这些并不是父母真正的职责；以及第三段中的“Oneoftheirobligationsistogivetheirchildrenapersonalworth.”他们的义务之一是给孩子们个人的价值和最后一段中的“Parentsowetheirchildrenasetofsolidvaluesaroundwhichtobuildtheirlives.”父母有义务为孩子建立一套坚实的价值观，并以此来构建他们的生活。可知，父母真正要给予孩子的是个人价值和正确的价值观，这才是父母真正的职责，所以文章主要讲父母的职责。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Theendoftheyearisdrawingnear,andwinterisinfullswing.Theseasonbringsalongwithitstrongwindsandsnow—anenvironmentthat'snevercomfortabletobein.

Thisunpleasantandevenfrighteningaspectofwintercanoftenbeseeninliterature.InShakespeare'sKingLear(1606),thekinghasgivenawayhiskingdomandbeenrejectedbyhistwoungratefuldaughters.Heisoutinthewintercold，sufferingthingsthatareusuallyreservedforthepoorestandmostunfortunatehumanbeings.

ThewinterisbadenoughforLear，butbeingabandonedbyhisfamilyisworse.AsongfromanotherShakespeareplay,AsYouLikeIt(1599),isfittingforthispooroldman'ssituation:"Blow,blow,thouwinterwind/Thouartnotsounkind/Asma'singratitude(忘恩负义)".Here,winterisusedtobringouttheuglinessofinhumanity(无人性).Therearen'tmanythingsthatareworsethanwinter,accordingtoShakespeare.

Oncewinterbecamelessofathreattohumanbeings,literaryworksfeaturingitbecamemorepositive.SinceCharlesDickens,therepresentationoftheseasoninliteraturehasoftenfeaturedhappyChristmascelebrations.

Thecoldofthewinterweatherprovidesacontrasttothefungoingonindoors.

Dickens'AChristmasCarol(1843)wasthestartofthis,butChristmasisstillacommon,cheeryelement(元素)instoriesthatfeaturewinterscenestoday.ConsiderthejoyfeltbyHarryPotterandhisfriendsinJ.K.Rowling'sHarryPotterandthePhilosopher'sStone(1997)astheysitdownfortheirfestivemeal：

"HarryhadneverinallhislifehadsuchaChristmasdinner.Ahundredfat，roastturkeys;mountainsofroastandboiledpotatoes;plattersofchipolatas;tureensofbutteredpeas,silverboatsofthick,richgravyandcranberrysauce".

Itisalmostasmuchapleasuretoreadaboutthemealasitmighthavebeentoeatit.

Althoughwinterstillisn'tthemostcheerfulseasoninnovelsandpoems,it'ssafetosaythatwritershavecertainly"warmedup"sinceShakespeare'sdays.（1）What'stheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Torecommendsomewinterstoriesinliterature.B.Toexplainwhatwinterislikeinliteraryworks.C.Todescribecertaincustomsthatarerelatedtowinter.D.Totelluswhywinterisdescribedasunpleasantinliterature.（2）WhatcanwelearnfromShakespeare'sworks?A.Shakespearedidn'tlikewinterforitsbadweather.B.KingLearwasforcedtogiveupbeingakinginacoldwinter.C.It'sinwinterwhenKingLeardrovehistwodaughtersoff.D.Winteriscomparedwiththeuglysideofhumanity.（3）WhydoestheauthormentionCharlesDickensinthepassage?A.Becausealotofhisworksarerelatedtowinter.B.Becauseheisthemostpopularauthorofwinterstories.C.Becausehestartedanewwayofrepresentingwinter.D.Becausehisworksmakepeoplefeelcheerfulinwinter.（4）TheexampleofHarryPotterandthePhilosopher'sStoneisusedmainlytoshow

.A.traditionalChristmasfoodmakesthewintercheeryB.ChristmasisstillasymbolofjoyinmodernstoriesC.it'sapleasuretoreadChristmas-relatedbooksinwinterD.winterhasbecomethehappiestseasoninliteraryworks【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冬季的令人不快甚至是令人恐惧的方面经常在文学作品中看到，但随着时间的推移，文学作品中冬天的含义也在发生变化。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thisunpleasantandevenfrighteningaspectofwintercanoftenbeseeninliterature”可知，人们经常可以在文学中看到冬季的令人不快甚至是令人恐惧的方面。随后，作者描述了冬天在不同作家的作品中的不同方面。可推知，作者写本文是为了解释文学作品中的冬天是什么样子的。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Here,winterisusedtobringouttheuglinessofinhumanity(无人性).Therearen'tmanythingsthatareworsethanwinter,accordingtoShakespeare.”可知，在莎士比亚的戏剧《皆大欢喜》中，冬天被用来展现人性的丑陋。莎士比亚认为，没有什么比冬天更糟糕的了。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段可知，自狄更斯以来，在文学中这个季节的表现常常是圣诞快乐的庆祝活动。由此可知，作者在文中提到查尔斯·狄更斯是因为他开启了一种描写冬天的新方式。故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段可知，寒冷的冬季天气与室内的乐趣形成了对比。再根据第六段第二句话可知，在J.K.Rowling的《哈利•波特与魔法石》中，哈利•波特和他的朋友们在享用圣诞大餐时是快乐的。作者通过这个例子说明在现代故事中圣诞节仍然是快乐的象征。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

TheimportanceofreadingliteratureoftenseemslostonmanyChinesepeople.Evenexpertsineducationthinkthatthefirstgoalofeducationistoencouragealoveoflearning.Thereisthereforethepossibilityofsomethingwrongwiththewaystudentsaretaughthere.

Whyshouldtheyreadliterature?Dostorieshavevaluecomparedwiththereadingandlearningoffacts?Studiesshowclearlythatthemostpowerfulwaysoflearningarebyexperience,actionanddoingexperimentsandtakingrisks.Yettherearesomanyimportantthingstolearnthatcannotbelearnedintheseways:feelings,problemsolving,dangerandrelationships,forexample.Researchintothishasshownhowdeepreadingisavaluableexperiencedifferenttoalearningofwordsorfacts.Keen(热心的)readersof-literatureshowabetterunderstandingofothers.Theirabilitiestomakegooddecisionsareraised.Youngchildrenwhoenjoyaparentreadingstoriestothemshowgreaterawareness(意识)whentheyreachschoolage.

Thebestschoolsdoseemtoprovidealimited(有限的)chancetoenjoyliterature,usuallyabouttheChineseclassicstoriesbutthereisnotenough"free"timeforstudents.Thereareenoughreadingmaterials(材料).Chinesebookshopsarefullofstorybooks,andmostofthemareofgoodquality(质量)intermsofcontent,plot(情节)andlanguage.WastherenotaChineseauthorwhoreceivedaNobelPrizeforliteraturerecently?TherearemovesinChineseeducationtopromote(提升)decisionmakingandsharedvalues.ThevalueofliteratureishelpfultotheseaswellastothefutureofChina.（1）WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthewaystudentsareeducatedinChina?A.

Heisproudofit.

B.

Heisinterestedinit.C.

Hedoesn'tquiteacceptit.

D.

Heisconfidentaboutit.（2）Whichisnotamongthemostpowerfulwaysoflearningaccordingtoparagraph2?A.

Byexperience.

B.

Bytakingrisks.

C.

Byreadingdeeply.

D.

Bydoingexperiments.（3）Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.

Readingliteraturehelpsdevelopgoodvalues.B.

Chinesestudentslikereadingstoriesastheygetolder.C.

StoriesinChinesebookstoresaregenerallyofpoorquality.D.

Chinesestudentshavenochancetoreadenoughmaterials.（4）What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.

Literatureisakindofart.B.

Readingliteratureshouldbevalued.C.

Goodreadingmaterialsareingreatneed.D.

SomethingiswrongwithChineseeducation.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阅读文学作品应当受到重视，以及阅读文学作品的原因。最后作者指出文学的价值不仅有助于促进决策制定和价值观共享的举措，而且有助于中国的未来。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Thereisthereforethepossibilityofsomethingwrongwiththewaystudentsaretaughthere.”因此，这里的学生的教育方式可能有问题。可知作者不太接受中国学生的教育方式。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Studiesshowclearlythatthemostpowerfulwaysoflearningarebyexperience,actionanddoingexperimentsandtakingrisks.”研究清楚地表明，最有效的学习方法是通过经验、行动、实验和冒险。可知深入阅读的学习方法不是最有效的。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“TherearemovesinChineseeducationtopromotedecisionmakingandsharedvalues.ThevalueofliteratureishelpfultotheseaswellastothefutureofChina.”中国的教育中有一些促进决策制定和价值观共享的举措。文学的价值不仅有助于这些，而且有助于中国的未来。可知阅读文学有助于培养良好的价值观。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“TheimportanceofreadingliteratureoftenseemslostonmanyChinesepeople.”许多中国人似乎忽视了阅读文学作品的

重要性；以及最后一段中的“TherearemovesinChineseeducationtopromotedecisionmakingandsharedvalues.ThevalueofliteratureishelpfultotheseaswellastothefutureofChina.”中国的教育中有一些促进决策制定和价值观共享的举措。文学的价值不仅有助于这些，而且有助于中国的未来。结合文章主要内容为说明阅读文学作品的重要性，故可知文章的主旨大意是阅读文学作品应该受到重视。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

Parentswhohavebooksinthehomeincreasethelevelofeducationtheirchildrenwillattain(获得),whetherrichorpoor,accordingtoa20-yearstudyledbyMariahEvans.

Foryears,educatorshavethoughtthestrongestpredictor(预示物)ofattaininghighlevelsofeducationwashavingparentswhowerehighlyeducated.But,thestudyshowedthatthedifferencebetweenbeingraisedinabooklesshomecomparedtobeingraisedinahomewitha500-booklibraryhasasgreataneffectonthelevelofeducationachildwillattainasthedifferencebetweenhavingparentswhoarebarelyliterate(有文化的)andhavingparentswhohaveauniversityeducation.

Beingasociologist,Evanswasparticularlyinterestedtofindthatchildrenofless-educatedparentsbenefitthemostfromhavingbooksinthehome.Whatkindsofinvestmentsshouldwemaketohelpthesekidsgetahead?Theresultsofthisstudyindicatethatgettingsomebooksintotheirhomesisaninexpensivewaythatwecanhelpthesechildrensucceed.Evanssaid,"Evenalittlebitgoesalongway.Havingasfewas20booksinthehomestillhasasignificantimpactonmotivatingachildtoahigherlevelofeducation,andthemorebooksyouadd,thegreaterbenefitthechildrenget."

Theresearcherswerestruckbythestrongeffecthavingbooksinthehomehadonchildren'seducationalattainmentevenaboveandbeyondsuchfactorsaseducationleveloftheparents,thefather'soccupationortheeconomiclevelofthecountry.

Havingbooksinthehomeistwiceasimportantasthefather'seducationlevel,andmoreimportantthanwhetherachildwasbroughtupinadevelopingcountryoradevelopedcountry.Surprisingly,thedifferenceineducationalattainmentforchildrenborninadevelopedcountryandchildrenborninadevelopingcountrywasjust2years,lessthantwo-thirdsoftheeffectthathaving500ormorebooksinthehomehadonchildren.（1）Inthepasteducatorsheldapointofviewthat______.A.

childrenwhosefamilyhadalibrarywouldpossiblyattainhighlevelsofeducationB.

childrenwhowereborninpoorfamiliesstudiedharderthanthoseinrichfamiliesC.

childrenwhoseparentsarehighlyeducatedwouldattainhighlevelsofeducationD.

parents'levelofeducationhadnothingtodowiththeirchildren'slevelsofeducation（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"motivating"inParagraph3mean?A.

Makingsomebodywanttodosomething.B.

HelpingsomebodytofinishsomethingC.

Makingsomebodypretendtodosomething.D.

Preventingsomebodyfromachievingsomething.（3）Whichofthefollowinghasthemostimportanteffectonthelevelofeducationachildwillgain?A.

Theeconomiclevelofthecountry.

B.

Thefather'soccupation.C.

Educationlevelsofparents.

D.

Havingbooksinthehome.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了影响孩子教育水平的因素，告诉我们家里有书对孩子的重要性胜于家长受过高等教育的影响。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Foryears,educatorshavethoughtthestrongestpredictor(预示物)ofattaininghighlevelsofeducationwashavingparentswhowerehighlyeducated”.多年来，教育工作者一直认为，预示孩子能获取高教育水平的最强的因素莫过于有受过高等教育的父母”。可知，过去教育家们认为受过高等教育的父母的孩子将获得高水平的教育。故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。文章第二、三段一直说家中有书对孩子的积极影响。再根据第三段中的“Evenalittlebitgoesalongway....thegreaterbenefitthechildrenget”即使是一点点书，也能大有帮助......你家的书越多，孩子得到的好处就越大。”可知，书对孩子有很大影响。所以划线词的句子“Havingasfewas20booksinthehomestillhasasignificantimpactonmotivatingachildtoahigherlevelofeducation”这句话是说“即使家里只有20本书，在激励孩子接受更高层次的教育方面仍然有很大的影响”。所以，家中有书可以激励孩子获得更高层次的教育水平。由此可推断出划线词的意思是“使某人想做某事”。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Theresearcherswerestruckbythestrongeffecthavingbooksinthehomehadonchildren'seducationalattainmentevenaboveandbeyondsuchfactorsaseducationleveloftheparents,thefather'soccupationortheeconomiclevelofthecountry.”研究者们感到震惊的是，在家里看书对孩子的受教育程度