Unit 6 When disaster strikes 单词解析一课件

Unit6Whendisasterstrikes单词解析一1.lost(形容词)不复存在的、不再拥有的[用法讲解]lost为形容词时可作定语或表语;lost还可为动词lose(丢失)的过去式及过去分词。Eg:Thelostchildwascryingloudlyinthestreet.那个迷路的孩子在街上大声哭泣。Wewaslostintheforest.我们在森林里迷路了。Ilostmykeysyesterday.我昨天把钥匙弄丢了。[常见搭配] feellost 感到困惑、感到迷茫 belostinthought 陷入沉思 belost/getlost 迷路、迷失 Eg:Ifeltlostinthenewcity.在这座新城市里，我感到迷茫。Shewaslostinthoughtanddidn'thearme.她陷入沉思，没听到我说话。Wegotlostinthemountains.我们在山里迷路了。[派生词]lose为动词，译为“丢失、迷失”;loser为名词，译为“失败者、输家”。Eg:Shelostherwalletonthebus.她在公交车上丢了钱包。Heisaloserinthecompetition.他在比赛中是个失败者。[即学即用]The________(lose)dogwasfinallyfoundbyitsowner.答案:lost2.ground(名词)地、地面[用法讲解] ground为不可数名词时，译为“地面”;ground为可数名词时，译为“根据、庭院、场地”;ground还可为动词，译为“使搁浅、使停飞、基于”;ground还可为形容词，译为“磨碎的”。Eg:Thebookfelltotheground.书掉到了地上。Therearenogroundsforsuchaccusations.这指控毫无根据。Wehadapicnicontheschoolgrounds.我们在学校操场上野餐。Theboatgroundedonasandbar.船在沙洲上搁浅了。Histheoryisgroundedinscientificresearch.他的理论以科学研究为基础。Theprojectisgroundedonsolidmarketresearch.这个项目是基于扎实的市场调研开展的。Addsomegroundpeppertothesoup.往汤里加些胡椒粉。[常见搭配] ontheground(s)that... 以... 为理由havegroundsfor... 有...的根据 groundrules 基本规则 breaknewground 创新、开辟新领域 standyourground 坚持立场 Eg:Hewasdismissedonthegroundsthathewasoftenlateforwork.他因经常上班迟到被解雇了。Youhavenogroundsforcomplaint.你没有理由抱怨。Let'sestablishsomegroundrulesbeforewestartthemeeting.我们开始会议前先定几条基本规则。Thisresearchbreaksnewgroundinmedicine.这项研究在医学领域开辟了新天地。Despitethepressure,hestoodhisground.尽管有压力，他仍坚持立场。[派生词]groundless为形容词，译为“无根据的”。Eg:Therumorturnedouttobegroundless.谣言最终被证明是毫无根据的。[即学即用]Thechildrenwereplayingonthe__________(地面).答案:ground3.scared(形容词)害怕的、恐惧的[用法讲解]scared在句中可作表语或定语。Eg:Thechildwasscaredbytheloudnoise.孩子被巨大的声响吓到了。Hehadascaredlookonhisface.他脸上露出害怕的神情。[常见搭配] bescaredof... 害怕... bescaredtodosth. 害怕做某事 scaredcat 胆小的人 Eg:Manypeoplearescaredofsnakes.很多人害怕蛇。Sheisscaredtospeakinpublic.她害怕在公众面前讲话。Don'tbeascaredcat!Tryitagain.别像个胆小鬼!再试一次。[派生词] scare可为名词，译为“惊吓、恐慌”; scare还可为动词，译为“使害怕、恐吓”;scary为形容词，译为“令人害怕的”。Eg:Thesuddenloudnoisecausedascareamongthecrowd.突然的巨响在人群中引发了恐慌。Thehorrormoviescaredthechildren.恐怖电影吓到了孩子们。Themoviewasreallyscary.这部电影非常恐惧。[即学即用]Thedoglooked__________(scare)whenitheardthethunder.答案:scared4.shut(动词)(使)关(合)上、(使)关闭[用法讲解]shut作动词，其过去式为shut，过去分词为shut，还可译为“停业、歇业、停止运转”;shut还可为名词，译为“停业”。Eg:Sheshutthebookandputitonthetable.她合上书，把它放在了桌子上。ThemuseumshutsonMondays.博物馆周一闭馆。Don'tforgettoshutthecomputerdownbeforeyouleave.离开前别忘了把电脑关掉。Thefactoryhadashort-termshutformaintenance.这家工厂为了维护进行了短期停业。[常见搭配] shutup 住口、闭嘴 shutdown 关闭、停业 shutout 把...关在外面、挡住 Eg:Shutup!Idon'twanttohearyourexcuses.闭嘴!我不想听你的借口。Thefactorywillshutdownfortheholiday.工厂将在假期停业。Thethickwallsshutoutmostofthenoise.厚厚的墙壁挡住了大部分噪音。[易混辨析] shut与close区别: shut通常用于比较具体的、物理上的关闭动作，如关门窗、关电器等;close使用范围更广、不仅可以表示物理上的关闭、还可以用于抽象概念，如关闭交易、结束谈话等。Eg:Shutthewindow.关上窗户。Themeetingclosedat5pm.会议下午5点结束。[即学即用]Shes_________hereyestightly.答案:shut5.shocking(形容词)惊人的、骇人的、令人难以置信的[用法讲解] shocking作形容词还可译为“极坏的、糟糕的”。Eg:Thenewsoftheaccidentwasshocking.事故的消息令人震惊。Hisperformancewasshocking.他的表现糟透了。[派生词]shock可为名词，译为“震惊、打击”;shock还可为动词，译为“使震惊、使震动”;shocked还可为形容词，译为“感到震惊的”;shockingly为副词，译为“令人震惊地、极其”。Eg:Theearthquakewasagreatshocktothecity.地震对这座城市来说是一个巨大的打击。Shewasshockedatthesightoftheaccident.她看到事故现场时感到震惊。The priceofthepaintingwasshockinglyhigh.这幅画的价格高得令人震惊。[即学即用]The_________(shock)truthwasrevealedyesterday.答案:shocking6.coach(名词)公共马车、四轮大马车[用法讲解]coach为可数名词，其复数形式为coaches，还可译为“长途客车、火车车厢、教练”;coach还可为动词，译为“训练、指导”。Eg:TheywenttoItalyonacoachtour.他们乘长途客车去意大利旅游。Therearemanyseatsinthecoach.这节旅客车厢里有很多座位。Heisourfootballcoach.他是我们的足球教练。ShecoachesstudentsinFrench.她指导学生学法语。[常见搭配] bycoach 乘坐长途汽车 headcoach 主教练 becoachedbysb.由某人指导Eg:WetraveledtoLondonbycoach.我们乘长途汽车。Theheadcoachcalledatimeoutwithtensecondsremaining.主教练在还剩十秒时叫了暂停。IwascoachedbyaformerOlympicathlete.我由一位前奥运选手指导。[即学即用]我们将乘长途客车去机场。Wearegoingtotheairport___________. 答案:bycoach7.straight(副词)笔直地、成直线地[用法讲解]straight作副词，还可译为“连续地”;straight还可为形容词，译为“直的、连续的、坦率的、整体的”;straight还可为名词，译为“直线、直道”。Eg:Thebirdflewstraightintothetree.那只鸟直直地飞进了树里。Shehasbeenstudyingstraightsincemorning.她从早上开始一直连续学习。Drawastraightlineonthepaper.在纸上画一条直线。Theyhadastraightweekofsunnyweather.他们连续一周都是晴天。Ineedastraightopinionfromyou.我需要你坦率的意见。Thestraightbetweenthetwocitiesisthefastestroute.者两座城市之间的直线距离是最快的路线。[常见搭配] gostraight 直走 straightaway 立刻、马上 straightup 直率的、诚实地 keepastraightface 忍住不笑 straightoff 立即 Eg:Gostraightandthenturnleftatthecorner.直走，然后在拐角处左转。I'llcallhimstraightaway.我马上给他打电话。Hetoldmestraightupthathedidn'tliketheidea.他直率地告诉我他不喜欢这个主意。ItwassofunnyIcouldn'tkeepastraightface.太搞笑了，我忍不住笑了。I'lldoitstraightoff.我马上做。[派生词]straighten为动词，译为“使变直、弄直”。Eg:Shestraightenedherskirt.她把裙子弄直。[即学即用]直走两个街区，然后左转。_____________fortwoblocks,thenturnleft.答案:Gostraight8.sand(名词)沙漠[用法讲解] sand在表示“沙砾”时为不可数名词;sand在表示“不同区域的沙滩或文学作品中营造意境”时为可数名词，其复数形式为sands;sand还可为动词，译为“打磨、撒沙于”。Eg:Childrenbuiltcastleswithdampsand.孩子们用湿润的沙子堆城堡。TheshiftingsandsoftheSaharastretchendlessly.撒哈拉沙漠的流沙区无边无际。Thesandsoftimesymbolizethepassageofyears.时光的沙砾象征岁月的流逝。Hesandedthewoodentabletomakeitsmooth.他用砂纸打磨木桌使其光滑。Theroadwassandedafterthesnowstorm.暴风雪后，路上撒了沙子。[常见搭配] sandcastle 沙堡 buildonsand 基础不牢固、不可靠 thesandsoftime 时光流逝 Eg:Thechildrenbuiltabigsandcastleonthebeach.孩子们在海滩上建了一座大大的沙堡。Theirbusinessplanwasbuiltonsandandsoonfailed.他们的商业计划根基不牢，很快就失败了。Thepoemreflectsonthesandsoftime.这首诗感慨时光流逝。[派生词]sandy为形容词，译为“多沙的、含沙的”。Eg:Ilikebeachesbecausetheyaresandy.我喜欢沙滩，因为他们是含沙的。[即学即用]Wewalkedalongthegolden_______(沙子)atsunset.答案:sands9.flood(名词)洪水、水灾[用法讲解]flood在泛指洪水时为不可数名词;flood在表示“多次洪水”或“比喻用法”时为可数名词，其复数形式为floods;flood还可为动词，译为“淹没、泛滥、大量涌入”。Eg:Theflooddestroyedmanyhousesinthevillage.洪水摧毁了村里的许多房屋。Theregionhassufferedfromfloodseverysummer.该地区每年夏天都遭受洪水侵袭。Afloodofcomplaintsfollowedtheannouncement.公告发布后，投诉如潮水般涌来。Theriverfloodedthesurroundingfields.河水淹没了周围的田野。Touristsfloodedthecityduringtheholiday.假期期间，游客大量涌入这个城市。[常见搭配] afloodof... 大量的 floodinto/with... 涌入... inflood 泛滥中 floodback 回忆涌现 Eg:Shereceivedafloodofcongratulatorymessages.她收到了大量的祝贺信息。Touristsfloodedintothecityduringthefestival.节日期间游客涌入这座城市。Theriverisinfloodafterweeksofrain.连续几周降雨后，河水泛滥。Memoriesfloodedbackwhenshevisitedherchildhoodhome.她回到童年故居时，回忆涌上心头。[即学即用]The________(洪水)causedgreatdamagetothevillage.答案:flood10.thick(形容词)浓密的、混沌的[用法讲解]thick为形容词，还可译为“厚的、粗的、浓重的、口音重的、密切的”;thick还可为副词，译为“密集地、大量地”。Eg:Thewallisquitethick.这面墙相当厚。Theforestisthickwithtrees.森林里树木浓密。Thesoupisthickanddelicious.这汤很浓，味道很美。Ican'tunderstandhimbecauseofhisthickaccent.由于他口音太重，我听不懂他的话。Theyarethickasthieves.他们亲密无间。Rainfellthickandfast.雨又大又急地落下来。[常见搭配] bethickwith... 充满...的;布满...的throughthickandthin 不顾艰难险阻、同甘共苦Eg:Theairwasthickwithsmoke.空气中充满了烟雾。Theyhavestayedtogetherthroughthickandthin.他们同甘共苦，一直在一起。[派生词]thickness为名词，译为“厚度”;thickly为副词，译为“浓密地”。Eg:Wemeasuredthethicknessofthewall.我们测量了墙的厚度。Theleavesaregrowingthicklyonthetree.树上叶子长得很浓密。[即学即用]Shehandedmeat_________bookfullofillustrations.答案:thick11.smoke(名词)(燃烧产生的)烟[用法讲解]smoke在表示“烟雾”时为不可数名词;smoke在表示“香烟”时为可数名词，其复数形式为smokes;smoke还可为动词，译为“冒烟、吸烟”。Eg:Theroomisfilledwiththicksmoke.房间里充满浓烟。CanIborrowasmoke?能借支烟吗?Thebonfirewasstillsmokinghourslater.篝火数小时后仍在冒烟。Nosmokinginthisarea.此处禁止吸烟。[常见搭配] goupinsmoke 化为乌有、失败Eg:Hisplanswentupinsmokeafterthefundingwascut.资金被消减后，他的计划泡汤了。[即学即用]Theexhauststreamedblack_______(烟).答案:smoke12.shower(名词)一大批、一阵[用法讲解]shower为可数名词，其复数形式为showers，还可译为“淋浴、淋浴间、阵雨”;shower还可为动词，译为“洗淋浴、如雨雪般降落”。Eg:Wegotcaughtinashoweronthewayhome.我们在回家的路上遇上了一阵雨。Itakeashowereverymorning.我每天早上洗淋浴。The weatherforecastpredictsscatteredshowerstomorrow.天气预报说明天有零星阵雨。Heshowerstwiceaday.他一天洗两次淋浴。Flowersshowereddownfromthebalcony.鲜花从阳台上如阵雨般飘落下来。[派生词]showered为形容词，译为“淋浴过的、飘落下的”;Eg:Theshoweredpetalsmadethesceneverybeautiful.飘落的花瓣让这个场景非常美丽