定语从句状语从句综合练习题汇编

一、语法知识回顾（一）定语从句定语从句用于修饰名词或代词（先行词），由关系词（关系代词/关系副词）引导，分为限制性（修饰先行词，不可或缺）和非限制性（补充说明，用逗号隔开）两类。关系代词：`that,which,who,whom,whose`（指代人/物，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语）关系副词：`when,where,why`（指代时间、地点、原因，在从句中作状语）（二）状语从句状语从句用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表达时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、比较等逻辑关系，由从属连词引导。常见类型及连词：时间：`when,while,as,before,after,until,assoonas`原因：`because,since,as,for`条件：`if,unless,aslongas`让步：`though,although,evenif,eventhough`目的：`sothat,inorderthat`（常与情态动词连用）结果：`so…that,such…that`比较：`than,as…as`二、定语从句专项练习（一）单项选择1.Thegirl______wonthefirstprizeismyclassmate.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose2.Thisisthehouse______helivedtenyearsago.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when3.Thebook______coverisbluebelongstomysister.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose4.Istillremembertheday______Ifirstmether.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.which5.Thereason______hewaslatewasthathemissedthebus.A.whyB.thatC.whichD.where（二）翻译句子（将中文译为含定语从句的英文）1.这是我曾经工作过的公司。2.正在弹钢琴的女孩是我的妹妹。3.他就是那个帮助过我的人。4.我们参观的博物馆非常古老。5.我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。（三）改错练习（找出并修正定语从句的错误）1.ThemanwhomIspokeismyteacher.2.ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen.3.Heistheboyhisfatherisadoctor.4.Iliveinahouse,whichwindowsfacesouth.5.Thegirlwhosheisstandingthereismycousin.三、状语从句专项练习（一）单项选择1.______itisraininghard,westillwanttogoout.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.IfD.As2.Iwillcallyou______IarriveinBeijing.A.whileB.assoonasC.beforeD.until3.______youstudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.A.IfB.UnlessC.ThoughD.As4.Sheis______lovelyagirl______everyonelikesher.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.so;asD.such;as5.______heisyoung,heknowsalotabouthistory.A.BecauseB.ThoughC.IfD.As（二）翻译句子（将中文译为含状语从句的英文）1.因为天气不好，我们取消了旅行。2.他跑得如此之快，以至于我追不上他。3.除非你努力，否则你会失败。4.当我还是个孩子的时候，我住在乡下。5.她努力学习，为了能通过考试。（三）改错练习（找出并修正状语从句的错误）1.Becauseheisill,sohecan'tgotoschool.2.Ifyouwillstudyhard,youwillsucceed.3.Thoughitwasraining,butwewentout.4.Heissoagoodstudentthatwealllikehim.四、综合练习题（定语从句+状语从句）（一）单项选择1.Thetime______wespenttogetherinBeijingisunforgettable.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.why2.______youarefree,youcanhelpmewithmyEnglish.A.IfB.ThoughC.BecauseD.Assoonas3.Thewoman______sonisadoctorworksinahospital.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose4.______thesunrose,westartedourjourney.A.WhenB.WhileC.AsD.Before5.Thebook______Iboughtyesterdayis______interesting______Ican'tputitdown.A.that;so;thatB.which;such;thatC.who;so;thatD.whose;such;that（二）句子合并（用从句合并两个简单句）1.Iknowthegirl.Thegirliswearingareddress.2.Hewaslateforschool.Hemissedtheearlybus.（用原因状语从句）3.Youwillsucceed.Youworkhard.（用条件状语从句）4.Thedaycame.Wehadbeenlookingforwardtotheday.（用定语从句）5.Sheisverykind.Everyonelikesher.（用结果状语从句）五、答案与解析（一）定语从句答案及解析单项选择1.A解析：先行词`girl`指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用`who`。2.C解析：先行词`house`指地点，关系副词`where`在从句中作地点状语（=inwhich）。3.D解析：`whose`表所属关系，“书的封面”即`thebook'scover`。4.B解析：先行词`day`指时间，关系副词`when`在从句中作时间状语（=onwhich）。5.A解析：先行词`reason`表原因，关系副词`why`在从句中作原因状语（=forwhich）。翻译句子（参考）2.Thegirlwhoisplayingthepianoismysister.3.Heisthemanwhohelpedme.4.Themuseumthat/whichwevisitedisveryold.5.Iwillneverforgetthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.改错练习（修正后）1.ThemanwhomIspoketoismyteacher.（`spoke`是不及物动词，需加介词`to`，关系代词`whom`作`to`的宾语）2.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.（先行词被最高级`best`修饰，关系代词用`that`）3.Heistheboywhosefatherisadoctor.（`whose`表所属，“男孩的父亲”）4.Iliveinahouse,whosewindowsfacesouth.（非限制性定语从句，`whose`修饰`house`）5.Thegirlwhoisstandingthereismycousin.（`who`在从句中作主语，`she`多余）（二）状语从句答案及解析单项选择1.A解析：`though`表让步，“尽管雨下得大，我们仍想出去”。2.B解析：`assoonas`表时间，“我一到北京就给你打电话”。3.A解析：`if`表条件，“如果你努力学习，就会通过考试”。4.A解析：`so+形容词+that`结构，“她如此可爱，以至于大家都喜欢她”。5.B解析：`though`表让步，“尽管他年轻，但他懂很多历史”。翻译句子（参考）1.Wecanceledthetripbecausetheweatherwasbad.2.HerunssofastthatIcan'tcatchupwithhim.3.Unlessyouworkhard,youwillfail.4.WhenIwasachild,Ilivedinthecountryside.5.Shestudieshardsothatshecanpasstheexam.改错练习（修正后）1.Becauseheisill,hecan'tgotoschool.（`because`和`so`不能同时使用）2.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillsucceed.（条件状语从句中，主句将来时，从句一般现在时）3.Thoughitwasraining,wewentout.（`though`和`but`不能同时使用）4.Heissuchagoodstudentthatwealllikehim.（`such+a/an+形容词+名词`结构）（三）综合练习题答案及解析单项选择1.B解析：先行词`time`指物，关系代词`which`在从句中作`spent`的宾语。2.A解析：`if`表条件，“如果你有空，能帮我学英语”。3.D解析：`whose`表所属，“女人的儿子”。4.A解析：`when`引导时间状语从句，从句动作（日出）短暂，用`when`。5.A解析：第一空`that/which`指物（书），作宾语；第二、三空`so…that`表结果，“如此有趣以至于放不下”。句子合并（参考）1.Iknowthegirlwhoiswearingareddress.2.Hewaslateforschoolbecausehemissedtheearlybus.3.Youwillsucceedifyouworkhard.4.Thedaythat/whichwehadbeenlookingforwardtocame.5.Sheissokindthateveryonelikesher.六、学习建议1.