《医学检验技术》课件-Medical Terminology with immun-与免疫相关的医学术语

EnglishforMedicalLaboratoryTechnologyMedicalTerminologywith“Immun-”以“免疫”相关的医学术语Inthislesson,we'llstudyessential“immun-”terminologyusedinmedicallaboratorytesting.我们将学习检验科检验中使用的重要的与“免疫”相关的术语Immun-=Exempt[ɪɡˈzempt]免除、保护Theroot“immun-”originates[əˈrɪdʒɪneɪts]fromLatin，meaning“exempt”.Inmedicine,itreferstothebody'sdefensesystem.“immun-”词根源自拉丁语，意为'免除'在医学中指人体的防御系统核心词根解析CoreRootAnalysis1.Immunology[ɪˌmjuːˈnɒlədʒi]n.免疫学

immun-+ology

Studyofimmunesystems2.Immune[ɪˈmjuːn]adj./n.免疫的,免疫者Protectedagainstdisease3.Immunological[ˌɪmjʊnəˈlɒdʒɪkəl]adj.免疫学的Relatingtoimmunology4.Immunesystem免疫系统Body'sdefensenetworkFoundationalTermsLet'sbeginwithcoreconcepts.1.Immunologyisthesciencestudyinghoworganismsdefendthemselves.免疫学是研究生物体如何自我保护的科学。2.Whenwesaysomeoneisimmune,itmeansthey'reprotectedagainstspecificdiseases.当我们说某人是免疫的，意思是他们免受特定疾病的侵害3.Theadjective[ˈædʒɪktɪv]immunologicaldescribesanythingrelatedtothisfield,likeimmunologicaltests.

形容词免疫学的描述与这个领域有关的任何事物，如免疫测试4.immunesystemisourbody'ssophisticated[səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd]defensenetwork.免疫系统，我们身体复杂的防御网络5.Immunodeficiency[ˌɪmjʊnoʊdɪˈfɪʃənsi]n.免疫缺陷immun+deficiency[dɪˈfɪʃənsi]n.缺乏;WeakenedimmunityAIDS:AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome获得性免疫缺陷综合征6.Autoimmune[ˌɔːtoʊɪˈmjuːn]adj.自身免疫的auto+immune;Self-attackingimmunity7.Immunopathology[ɪˌmjuːnoʊpəˈθɒlədʒi]n.免疫病理学immun-+path病变+ology学科Diseasemechanisms8.Immunopathological[ɪˌmjuːnoʊˌpæθəˈlɒdʒɪkəl]adj.免疫病理学的Disease&Disorders5.Immunodeficiencyreferstoimpairedimmunefunction,withAIDSbeingthemostsevere[sɪˈvɪə]example.

免疫缺陷是指免疫功能受损艾滋病是最严重的例子

6.Autoimmuneconditionsoccurwhenthebodyattacksitsowntissues.

当身体攻击自己的组织时，就会出现自身免疫性疾病

7.Immunopathologystudiesthesediseaseprocesses,免疫病理学研究这些疾病的过程andweuseimmunopathologicaltodescriberelatedfindings.我们用免疫病理学来描述相关的发现9.immunoglobulin[ˌɪmjʊnəʊˈɡlɒbjʊlɪn]免疫球蛋白immun-+globulin[ˈɡlɒbjʊlɪn]球蛋白

免疫物质ImmuneSubstancesImmunoglobulinsfunctionasantibodiesintheimmuneresponse.免疫球蛋白在免疫反应中起抗体的作用10.Immunoassay[ɪmjʊnəʊˈæsei]免疫分析,免疫测定

immuno-+‎assay[əˈseɪ]n.v.试验;分析

Majorimmunoassaytypes:12.Fluoroimmunoassay[fluːərɔɪmjuːnəʊəˈseɪ]荧光免疫试验

fluoro-+‎immuno+assayfluorescence[fləˈresns]n.荧光Usesfluorescencelabels

Movingtolabtechniques.10.Allimmunoassaysdetectantigen-antibodyinteractions.所有免疫分析检测抗原-抗体相互作用11.Fluoroimmunoassayusesfluorescenttagsforsensitivedetection.荧光免疫分析使用荧光标记进行敏感检测10.Immunoassay[ɪmjʊnəʊˈæsei]免疫分析,免疫测定

immun-+‎assay[əˈseɪ]n.v.试验;分析

11.Fluoroimmunoassay[fluːərɔɪmjuːnəʊəˈseɪ]荧光免疫试验

fluoro-+‎immun-+assayfluorescence[fləˈresns]n.荧光Usesfluorescencelabels使用荧光标记

DetectionTechniques检测技术12.Radioimmunoassay[reɪdɪəʊɪˌmjʊnəʊæˈseɪ]放射免疫测定

radio+‎immuno+assayradio[ˈreɪdiəʊ]n.电台,无线电;radiate[ˈreɪdieɪt]v.流露;辐射;发射radiation[ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn]n.辐射;放射线

13.Immunosorbent[ˌɪmjʊnoʊˈsɔːrbənt]adj.免疫吸附的;n.免疫吸附剂

immun-+sorbent[ˈsɔːbənt]n.吸附剂Antigen-bindingmaterial

Enzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay,ELISA酶联免疫吸附测定

DetectionTechniques检测技术

Radioimmunoassaysemployradioactivelabels,thoughlesscommonnowduetosafetyconcerns[kənˈsɜːnz].

放射免疫测定采用放射性标记，但由于安全考虑，现在不太常用ELISA[ɪˈlaɪzə],usingenzymereactions,isgoldstandardforhepatitistesting.Itoftenemploysimmunosorbentplatestocapturetargets[ˈtɑːgɪts].

ELISA采用酶反应是肝炎检测的金标准。它通常使用免疫吸附板来捕获目标

14.immunoturbidimetry[ˌɪmjʊnəʊˌtɜːbɪˈdɪmɪtrɪ]免疫比浊法immuno-+‎turbidimetry[ˌtɜːbɪˈdɪmɪtrɪ]比浊法turbidity[tɜːˈbɪdəti]n.浊度;浑浊Antigen-antibodycloudiness15.immunoblotting[ˌɪmjʊnəʊˌˈblɒtɪŋ]免疫印迹法

immuno-+‎blottingblot[blɒt]n.v.吸干;污迹

16.immunoagglutination[ˌɪmjʊnəʊˌəˌɡluːtɪˈneɪʃən]免疫凝集

immun-+agglutination[əˌɡluːtɪˈneɪʃən]n.凝集14.Immunoturbidimetrymeasuressolutionturbidityfromimmunecomplexes[ˈkɑːmpleksɪz].

免疫比浊法测量来自免疫复合物的溶液浊度15.Immunoblottingidentifiesspecificproteins.免疫印迹法鉴定特定的蛋白质16.Immunoagglutinationobservesvisibleclumping[ˈklʌmpɪŋ],likeinbloodtyping.

免疫凝集观察到明显的结块,如血型鉴定DetectionTechniques检测技术17.Innateimmuneresponse先天免疫反应18.Non-specificimmunity[ɪˈmjuːnəti]非特异性免疫First-linedefense第一道防线19.Adaptiveimmuneresponse适应性免疫反应20.Specificimmunity特异性免疫

21.Acquiredimmuneresponse获得性免疫应答Targetedprotection有针对性的保护22.Activeimmunity主动免疫23.Passiveimmunity被动免疫Self-producedvs.transferredImmuneResponseUnderstandingimmuneresponsesiscrucial.了解免疫反应至关重要Theinnateresponseprovidesimmediate[ɪˈmiːdiətbutgeneralprotectionthroughbarrierslikeskin.先天反应通过皮肤等屏障提供即时但无特异性的保护Theadaptive[əˈdæptɪv]responsedevelopstargeted[ˈtɑːɡɪtɪd]defenseswithmemory.应性反应通过记忆建立有针对性的防御Acquiredimmunitycanbeactive,vaccine-inducedorpassive,antibodytransferfrommothertobaby.获得性免疫可以是主动的，疫苗诱导的或被动的，抗体从母亲转移到婴儿SummarySummaryTorecap简要概括