2025年英语四六级考试阅读理解技巧专项试卷 高效解题方法

2025年英语四六级考试阅读理解技巧专项试卷高效解题方法考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分阅读理解（PartIReadingComprehension）directions:*Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.*PassageOneTheriseofthedigitaleconomyhasfundamentallyalteredthelandscapeofmodernwork.Whileofferingunprecedentedflexibilityandaccesstoglobalmarkets,ithasalsointroducednewchallengesanduncertainties.Oneofthemostsignificantimpactsisthetransformationoftraditionalemploymentstructures.Thedeclineofstable,full-timejobsinmanyindustries,replacedbyshort-termcontracts,gigwork,andremotefreelancing,hasledtoconcernsaboutjobsecurityandtheerosionofbenefitstraditionallyassociatedwithpermanentpositions.Thisshiftforcesindividualstobecomeperpetualjobseekers,constantlyadaptingtheirskillsandmarketingthemselvestoremaincompetitive.Furthermore,thedigitaleconomyhasexacerbatedtheissueofthedigitaldivide.Accesstohigh-speedinternet,necessaryhardware,andthedigitalliteracytonavigateonlineplatformsarenolongeroptionalperks;theyareprerequisitesforeconomicparticipation.Thoseleftbehindbythistechnologicalrevolutionfacenotonlyeconomichardshipbutalsoincreasingsocialisolationasessentialservices,education,andevensocialinteractionbecomeincreasinglydigitized.Thedreamofaborderlessworldwhereopportunitiesarelimitlessseemsincreasinglyoutofreachforthosewithoutequalaccesstodigitalinfrastructure.Thegigeconomy,whileofferingautonomytosome,oftenlacksthesafeguardsoftraditionalemployment.Workerstypicallydonotreceivebenefitssuchashealthinsurance,retirementplans,orpaidleave.Incomecanbeunpredictable,leadingtofinancialinstability.Thelackofaformalemployer-employeerelationshipalsomakesitdifficultforworkerstounionizeoradvocateforbetterconditions.Whileplatformsmayprovideamarketplace,theyoftenexertsignificantcontroloverworkingconditionsandpricing,sometimesunderminingtheveryindependencetheypromise.Despitethesechallenges,thedigitaleconomycontinuestogrow,reshapingindustriesandcreatingnewopportunities.Thekeyquestion,then,ishowtomanagethistransitioninawaythatmaximizesthebenefitswhilemitigatingtherisks.Policiesthatsupportworkerretraining,universalbasicincome,portablebenefits,andregulationsensuringfaircompetitionandpreventingmonopolisticpracticesbylargetechplatformsmaybenecessary.Ultimately,ensuringthefruitsofthedigitaleconomyaresharedequitablyrequiresaproactiveapproachfrompolicymakers,businesses,andindividualsalike.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarycharacteristicofemploymentinthedigitaleconomymentionedinthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatproblemisintensifiedbythedigitaleconomy?3.Whatspecificdisadvantagesdogigworkerstypicallyfacecomparedtotraditionalemployees?4.Whatistheauthorsuggestingasapotentialsolutiontothechallengesposedbythedigitaleconomy?5.Theword"erode"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)StrengthenB)DiminishC)CreateD)ExpandPassageTwoUrbanizationisoneofthedefiningtrendsofthe21stcentury,withmillionscontinuingtomovefromruralareastocitiesinsearchofbetteropportunities.Whilecitiesareoftenseenascentersofeconomicgrowthandinnovation,theirrapidexpansionwithoutadequateplanningcanleadtosignificantenvironmentalandsocialproblems.Theconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareasputsimmensepressureoninfrastructure,leadingtotrafficcongestion,inadequatehousing,andstrainedpublicservices.Airandwaterpollution,oftenabyproductofindustrialactivityandhighenergyconsumption,deterioratethequalityoflifeforcitydwellers.Moreover,theenvironmentalfootprintofcitiesextendsbeyondpollution.Theconstructionofnewbuildingsandinfrastructurerequiresvastamountsofresources,contributingtodeforestationandhabitatdestruction.Theheatislandeffect,whereurbanareasaresignificantlywarmerthansurroundingruralregionsduetotheprevalenceofconcreteandreducedvegetation,exacerbatesclimatechangeandincreasesenergydemandforcooling.Managingwasteeffectivelyisanothermajorchallenge,ascitiesgenerateenormousquantitiesofrefusethatcanoverwhelmexistingdisposalsystemsifnotproperlyhandled.Socially,rapidurbanizationcanleadtothefragmentationofcommunitiesandincreasedsocialinequality.Whilecitiesoffermorediverseopportunities,thecostofliving,particularlyhousing,canbeprohibitivelyhighforlower-incomeresidents,leadingtothegrowthofslumsorthedisplacementoflong-termcommunities.Accesstoqualityeducation,healthcare,andgreenspacescanalsobecomeunevenlydistributed,furtherdeepeningthedividebetweendifferenturbanneighborhoods.Thelossoftraditionalcommunitystructuresandsocialtiescanresultinincreasedcrimeratesandsocialunrest.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproachfocusedonsustainableurbandevelopment.Thisincludesinvestinginpublictransportationtoreducerelianceonprivatevehicles,promotinggreenbuildingpracticesandurbangreenspaces,implementingefficientwastemanagementandrecyclingprograms,andensuringequitableaccesstohousingandessentialservices.Planningcitieswithafocusonsustainability,resilience,andthewell-beingofallresidentsiscrucial.Byintegratingenvironmentalprotectionwithsocialequity,urbanizationcanbetransformedfromasourceofconflictintoaengineforpositive,inclusivedevelopment.Questions:6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconsequenceofthepressureurbaninfrastructurefaces?7.Whatenvironmentalissueisspecificallylinkedtotheconstructionofcitiesandtheheatislandeffect?8.Howmightrapidurbanizationcontributetosocialinequality,asmentionedinthepassage?9.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisnecessaryfordealingwiththeproblemsofurbanization?10.Theword"fragmentation"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A)ExpansionB)IntegrationC)DivisionD)DevelopmentPassageThreeThefieldofartificialintelligence(AI)isadvancingatanexponentialrate,promisingtransformativechangesacrossnearlyeverysectorofsociety.Fromenhancingmedicaldiagnosticsandacceleratingscientificresearchtorevolutionizingtransportationsystemsandpersonalizingconsumerexperiences,AIholdsimmensepotentialtoimprovehumanlife.Inhealthcare,forinstance,AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanmanyhumanradiologists,potentiallyleadingtoearlierdiseasedetection.Inresearch,AIcansiftthroughvastdatasetstoidentifypatternsandgeneratehypothesesthatmighteludehumanscientists.However,thisrapidprogressalsoraisesprofoundethicalquestionsandpotentialrisksthatsocietymustconfront.OneofthemostsignificantconcernsistheimpactofAIonemployment.AutomationdrivenbyAIcoulddisplacemillionsofworkersinindustriesrangingfrommanufacturingandlogisticstocustomerserviceanddataanalysis.Whilenewjobswillundoubtedlybecreated,thereisarealpossibilityofaskillsmismatch,wheretheabilitiesrequiredforfutureemploymentdonotalignwiththeskillspossessedbythedisplacedworkforce.Managingthistransitionwillrequiresubstantialinvestmentineducationandretrainingprograms.Anothermajorethicalconsiderationrevolvesaroundbiasandfairness.AIsystemsaretrainedondata,andifthisdatareflectsexistingsocietalbiases,theAIcanperpetuateandevenamplifythem.Thiscanleadtodiscriminatoryoutcomesinareassuchashiring,loanapplications,andcriminaljustice,reinforcingexistinginequalities.EnsuringthatAIalgorithmsaredesignedandtrainedtobefairandunbiasedisacomplexchallengethatrequiresinterdisciplinarycollaborationandrobustoversight.Furthermore,thedevelopmentofincreasinglysophisticatedAIsystemsraisesquestionsaboutaccountabilityandcontrol.AsAIsystemsbecomemoreautonomous,determiningwhoisresponsiblewhenanAImakesanerror—beitaprogrammer,theowner,ortheAIitself—becomesdifficult.TherearealsoconcernsaboutthepotentialformisuseofAItechnology,suchasthedevelopmentofautonomousweaponssystemsordeepfakesusedformisinformation.Establishingclearethicalguidelines,legalframeworks,andinternationalnormsiscrucialtoguidetheresponsibledevelopmentanddeploymentofAI.NavigatingthepathforwardrequiresacarefulbalancebetweenharnessingtheimmensepotentialbenefitsofAIandmitigatingitsrisks.Collaborationbetweentechnologists,policymakers,ethicists,andthepublicisessentialtoshapeanAIfuturethatisbeneficial,equitable,andsustainable.Questions:11.WhatareaofhealthcareismentionedasbenefitingfromAIapplications?12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonepotentialnegativeconsequenceofwidespreadAIadoption?13.WhyisensuringAIsystemsarefreefrombiasconsideredanethicalchallenge?14.WhatisakeyconcernregardingtheincreasingautonomyofAIsystems?15.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestisnecessaryfortheresponsibledevelopmentofAI?---试卷答案PassageOne1.B*解析思路：文章首段明确提到“...thetransformationoftraditionalemploymentstructures.Thedeclineofstable,full-timejobs...replacedbyshort-termcontracts,gigwork,andremotefreelancing...”，指出传统雇佣结构转变，稳定全职工作岗位减少，被短期合同、零工和远程自由职业取代。B选项“不稳定性增加，工作形式多样”符合此描述。2.B*解析思路：文章第二段明确指出“...thedigitaldividehasledtoconcernsaboutjobsecurityandtheerosionofbenefits...Thoseleftbehindbythistechnologicalrevolutionfacenotonlyeconomichardshipbutalsoincreasingsocialisolation...”，即数字鸿沟导致了经济困境和社会隔离加剧的问题。B选项“加剧社会不平等”是对此的直接概括。3.A*解析思路：文章第三段详细列举了零工经济的缺点，其中提到“Furthermore,thegigeconomy,whileofferingautonomytosome,oftenlacksthesafeguardsoftraditionalemployment.Workerstypicallydonotreceivebenefitssuchashealthinsurance,retirementplans,orpaidleave.Incomecanbeunpredictable,leadingtofinancialinstability.”，明确指出零工工作者通常没有健康保险、退休计划、带薪休假等保障，收入不稳定。A选项“缺乏保障且收入不稳定”概括了核心缺点。4.D*解析思路：文章最后一段提出，“Thekeyquestion,then,ishowtomanagethistransitioninawaythatmaximizesthebenefitswhilemitigatingtherisks.Policiesthatsupportworkerretraining,universalbasicincome,portablebenefits,andregulationsensuringfaircompetition...maybenecessary.”，明确指出需要通过政策（如支持再培训、普遍基本收入、可携带福利、公平竞争法规等）来管理转型，以最大化收益并降低风险。D选项“采取多项政策来管理转型”符合此意。5.B*解析思路：文章第二段提到“...theerosionofbenefitstraditionallyassociatedwithpermanentpositions.”，语境中“benefits”指福利、好处，“erode”意为侵蚀、削弱。B选项“削弱”在此语境下与“benefits”搭配最符合文意。PassageTwo6.A*解析思路：文章首段提到“...theconcentrationofpeopleinurbanareasputsimmensepressureoninfrastructure,leadingtotrafficcongestion,inadequatehousing,andstrainedpublicservices.”，明确指出人口高度集中给基础设施带来巨大压力，导致交通拥堵、住房不足和公共服务紧张。A选项“导致交通拥堵、住房不足和公共服务紧张”概括了主要后果。7.A*解析思路：文章第二段提到“...Theheatislandeffect,whereurbanareasaresignificantlywarmerthansurroundingruralregionsduetotheprevalenceofconcreteandreducedvegetation,exacerbatesclimatechangeandincreasesenergydemandforcooling.”，明确指出热岛效应使城市区域比周边乡村地区温度显著更高，这是由混凝土普遍和植被减少造成的。A选项“城市区域比周边乡村地区温度更高”是对此现象的直接描述。8.C*解析思路：文章第三段提到“Socially,rapidurbanizationcanleadtothefragmentationofcommunitiesandincreasedsocialinequality.Whilecitiesoffermorediverseopportunities,thecostofliving,particularlyhousing,canbeprohibitivelyhighforlower-incomeresidents,leadingtothegrowthofslumsorthedisplacementoflong-termcommunities.Accesstoqualityeducation,healthcare,andgreenspacescanalsobecomeunevenlydistributed,furtherdeepeningthedividebetweendifferenturbanneighborhoods.”，指出快速城市化可能导致社区碎片化和社会不平等加剧，低收入居民因住房等成本过高而难以负担，导致贫民窟滋生或长期社区被驱逐，优质教育、医疗和绿地资源分配不均，加剧了不同城市邻里之间的差距。C选项“导致社区碎片化和社会不平等加剧”概括了核心观点。9.D*解析思路：文章最后一段提出“Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproachfocusedonsustainableurbandevelopment.Thisincludesinvestinginpublictransportation...promotinggreenbuildingpractices...implementingefficientwastemanagement...ensuringequitableaccesstohousingandessentialservices.”，明确指出解决这些挑战需要多方面的方法，包括投资公共交通、推广绿色建筑、实施高效废物管理、确保住房等基本服务的公平获取。D选项“采取可持续城市发展的多方面方法”符合此意。10.C*解析思路：文章第三段提到“...thelossoftraditionalcommunitystructuresandsocialtiescanresultinincreasedcrimeratesandsocialunrest.”，语境中“fragmentation”指社区结构和社交纽带的丧失。C选项“分裂”在此语境下与“communitystructuresandsocialties”的丧失最符合文意。PassageThree11.A*解析思路：文章第一段提到“...AIalgorithmscananalyzemedicalimageswithgreateraccuracythanmanyhumanradiologists,potentiallylead