2025年英语四六级阅读理解长难句专项突破训练

2025年英语四六级阅读理解长难句专项突破训练考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分阅读理解Directions:Inthepassagesbelow,eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestion.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Theproliferationofdigitaltechnologyhasfundamentallyalteredthelandscapeofmodernwork,creatingbothunprecedentedopportunitiesandsignificantchallengesforthelaborforce.Oneofthemostpronouncedeffectshasbeentheriseofremotework,enablingemployeestoperformtheirdutiesfromlocationsoutsidethetraditionalofficeenvironment.Proponentsarguethatthisflexibilitycanleadtoincreasedproductivity,asworkerseliminatecommutetimesandcanbettertailortheirworkschedulestopersonalneeds.Furthermore,companiesstandtobenefitfromreducedoverheadcostsassociatedwithlargeofficespacesandutilities.However,theshifttowardsremoteworkalsointroducescomplexmanagementdynamics.Maintainingteamcohesionandensuringeffectivecommunicationcanbemoredifficultwhenphysicalproximityislacking.Thereareconcerns,too,aboutthepotentialforisolationamongremoteworkersandtheblurringofboundariesbetweenprofessionalandpersonallife,whichmightresultinlongerworkinghoursanddecreasedwork-lifebalance.Asthedigitalrevolutioncontinuestoevolve,findingasustainablebalancebetweenthebenefitsofremoteworkandtheneedforcollaborative,in-personinteractionremainsacriticalchallengefororganizationsandemployeesalike.1.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeoftheprimaryadvantagesofremotework?2.Whatspecificchallengesdoesthepassageidentifyrelatedtothemanagementofremoteteams?3.Theword"pronounced"inthefirstsentenceisclosestinmeaningto:4.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasapotentialconsequenceoftheincreasedflexibilityofferedbyremotework?5.Howdoestheauthorcharacterizetheongoingdebatesurroundingremotework?Passage2Biodiversity,thevarietyoflifeonEarth,isessentialforthehealthandresilienceofecosystems.Itunderpinsecosystemservicessuchaspollination,waterpurification,andsoilfertility,whicharecrucialforhumanwell-being.Despiteitsimportance,globalbiodiversityiscurrentlyfacinganunprecedentedcrisis,largelydrivenbyhumanactivities.Habitatdestructionandfragmentation,oftenresultingfromagriculturalexpansion,urbanization,anddeforestation,aretheprimarythreats.Climatechangeexacerbatestheseissuesbyalteringhabitatsanddisruptingthetimingofecologicalevents,suchasfloweringandmigration.Invasivespecies,introducedintentionallyoraccidentally,outcompetenativespeciesforresources,leadingtoadeclineinlocalbiodiversity.Thelossofbiodiversitynotonlydiminishesthenaturalbeautyoftheplanetbutalsoposessignificantriskstohumansocieties,potentiallyleadingtothecollapseofecosystemservices.Conservationefforts,includingtheestablishmentofprotectedareas,sustainableland-useplanning,andthereductionofpollution,arecriticaltomitigatingthesethreats.Moreover,raisingpublicawarenessandfosteringadeeperunderstandingoftheinterconnectednessofalllivingthingsarevitalstepstowardsensuringasustainablefutureforourplanet.6.Whatfundamentalroledoesbiodiversityplayinecosystems,accordingtothepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethethreemainhuman-inducedfactorscontributingtothecurrentbiodiversitycrisis?8.Whatistherelationshipdescribedbetweenclimatechangeandbiodiversitylossmentionedinthepassage?9.Theword"exacerbates"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestarethepotentiallong-termsocietalconsequencesofbiodiversityloss?Passage3Artificialintelligence(AI)continuestoadvanceataremarkablepace,rapidlytransformingnumeroussectors,fromhealthcareandfinancetotransportationandentertainment.OneofthemostpromisingapplicationsofAIliesinmedicaldiagnostics.AIalgorithms,particularlythosebasedondeeplearning,havedemonstratedremarkableaccuracyinanalyzingmedicalimagessuchasX-rays,MRIs,andCTscans,potentiallyenablingearlierdetectionofdiseaseslikecancer.Thiscapabilitycouldsignificantlyimprovepatientoutcomesbyfacilitatingtimelyinterventions.Inadditiontodiagnostics,AIisbeingutilizedtodeveloppersonalizedtreatmentplans.Byanalyzingvastamountsofpatientdata,includinggeneticinformation,AIcanhelpclinicianstailortherapiestoindividualpatients,optimizingtreatmenteffectivenessandminimizingsideeffects.However,theintegrationofAIintohealthcarealsoraisessignificantethicalandpracticalconsiderations.Issuessurroundingdataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andthepotentialdisplacementofhealthcareworkersarehotlydebatedtopics.Furthermore,ensuringthatAItechnologiesareaccessibleandequitable,particularlyinunderservedregions,remainsachallenge.AsAIsystemsbecomeincreasinglysophisticated,navigatingthesecomplexissueswillbecrucialforharnessingitsfullpotentialinimprovingglobalhealth.11.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whatspecificmedicalapplicationshowsparticularpromiseforAI?13.WhatadvantagedoestheuseofAIindevelopingpersonalizedtreatmentplansoffer?14.Theword"facilitating"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:15.WhatdoesthepassageidentifyasakeychallengeintheequitableapplicationofAIinhealthcare?第二部分长难句理解Directions:Readthesentencesbelow.Eachsentenceisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestion.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.16.Sentence:Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencetechnologieshasnotonlytransformedvariousindustriesbyautomatingroutinetasksbutalsopresentedcomplexethicalchallengesthatrequirecarefulconsiderationandproactiveregulationfrompolicymakersandindustryleadersalike.(a)Whatisthemainsubjectofthesentence?(b)Whatdoesthephrase"transformedvariousindustries"modify?(c)Whatlogicalrelationshipdoestheconjunction"butalso"indicatebetweenthetwopartsofthesentence?17.Sentence:Duetotheintricatenetworkofinterdependentecosystemsthatareconstantlyevolvinginresponsetobothnaturalphenomenaandhuman-inducedpressures,fullyunderstandingthelong-termconsequencesofanysingleenvironmentalinterventionremainsanexceptionallydemandingtaskforscientists.(a)Whatistheprimaryreasoncitedforthedifficultyofunderstandinglong-termenvironmentalconsequences?(b)Whatdoestheword"interdependent"primarilysuggestabouttheecosystemsmentioned?(c)Howdoesthestructurestartingwith"Dueto..."functionwithinthesentence?18.Sentence:Whilethebenefitsofremotework,suchasincreasedflexibilityandpotentialreductionsincommutingtime,areoftenhighlightedbyemployeesandemployersalike,thepotentialdrawbacks,includingdifficultiesinmaintainingteamcohesionandtheriskofisolation,mustbecarefullymanagedtoensuresustainableproductivityandwell-being.(a)Accordingtothesentence,whatarepresentedascommonadvantagesofremotework?(b)Whataspectofremoteworkisidentifiedasapotentialnegativeconsequence?(c)Whatdoestheword"drawbacks"refertointhiscontext?19.Sentence:Theunprecedentedscaleofglobalclimatechange,whichismanifestingthroughrisingglobaltemperatures,morefrequentextremeweatherevents,andshiftingprecipitationpatterns,posesasignificantandmultifacetedthreattoagriculturalproductivityworldwide,therebyimpactingglobalfoodsecurity.(a)Whatistheprimaryphenomenonbeingdescribedthatposesathreat?(b)Howdoestheclausestartingwith"which..."functionwithinthesentence?(c)Whatistheultimateconsequenceofthethreatmentioned,accordingtothesentence?20.Sentence:Byleveragingsophisticatedalgorithmsandvastdatasets,artificialintelligencesystemsareabletodiscernsubtlepatternsandcorrelationswithincomplexinformationthatmightremainutterlyhiddenfromhumananalysis,offeringunprecedentedinsightsacrossamultitudeofdomains.(a)Whatcapabilitydoartificialintelligencesystemspossessduetotheirdesign,asstatedinthesentence?(b)WhatisthenatureoftheinformationpatternsthatAIcanidentify,accordingtothepassage?(c)Whateffectdoesthiscapabilityhave,assuggestedbythephrase"unprecedentedinsights"?试卷答案第一部分阅读理解1.A*解析思路：题干问远程工作的主要优势。根据第一段第二句"Proponentsarguethatthisflexibilitycanleadtoincreasedproductivity,asworkerseliminatecommutetimesandcanbettertailortheirworkschedulestopersonalneeds"可知，支持者认为这种灵活性可以带来生产力提高，因为员工可以消除通勤时间，并能根据自己的需求更好地调整工作时间。选项A"Increasedproductivityandflexibility"涵盖了提高生产力和灵活性这两点。2.B*解析思路：题干问远程工作团队管理的具体挑战。根据第一段第四句"Maintainingteamcohesionandensuringeffectivecommunicationcanbemoredifficultwhenphysicalproximityislacking"可知，当缺乏身体上的邻近性时，维持团队凝聚力和确保有效沟通可能更困难。选项B"Maintainingteamcohesionandeffectivecommunication"符合原文信息。3.C*解析思路：题干问"pronounced"的意思。根据第一段"Theproliferationofdigitaltechnologyhasfundamentallyalteredthelandscapeofmodernwork"可知，数字技术的普及从根本上改变了现代工作的面貌。"Pronounced"在这里指根本的、显著的。选项C"Noticeable"意为显著的，符合语境。4.D*解析思路：题干问远程工作增加灵活性可能导致的后果。根据第一段第五句"Thereareconcerns,too,aboutthepotentialforisolationamongremoteworkersandtheblurringofboundariesbetweenprofessionalandpersonallife,whichmightresultinlongerworkinghoursanddecreasedwork-lifebalance"可知，存在关于远程工作者可能孤立以及工作与私人生活界限模糊的担忧，这可能导致更长的工时和更差的工作生活平衡。选项D"Potentialforlongerworkinghoursanddecreasedwork-lifebalance"符合原文信息。5.C*解析思路：题干问作者如何描述围绕远程工作的争论。文章最后一句"Asthedigitalrevolutioncontinuestoevolve,findingasustainablebalancebetweenthebenefitsofremoteworkandtheneedforcollaborative,in-personinteractionremainsacriticalchallengefororganizationsandemployeesalike"指出，随着数字革命的继续发展，在远程工作的好处和需要面对面的协作之间找到可持续的平衡仍然是一个关键的挑战。这表明作者认为这是一个复杂且需要解决的问题。选项C"Acomplexissuerequiringongoingnegotiation"(一个需要持续协商的复杂问题)最能体现这种基调。6.A*解析思路：题干问生物多样性在生态系统中的基本作用。根据第二段第一句"Biodiversity,thevarietyoflifeonEarth,isessentialforthehealthandresilienceofecosystems"可知，生物多样性，即地球上生命的多样性，对生态系统的健康和恢复力至关重要。选项A"Itisessentialforthehealthandresilienceofecosystems"(它对生态系统的健康和恢复力至关重要)符合原文。7.A,B,D*解析思路：题干问导致当前生物多样性危机的三个人类诱导因素。根据第二段第二句"Habitatdestructionandfragmentation,oftenresultingfromagriculturalexpansion,urbanization,anddeforestation,aretheprimarythreats"可知，栖息地破坏和破碎化是主要威胁，通常由农业扩张、城市化和森林砍伐造成。选项A(Habitatdestructionandfragmentation)是直接提到的，选项B(Agriculturalexpansion,urbanization,anddeforestation)是导致栖息地破坏和破碎化的具体原因，选项D(Invasivespecies)在第三句提到"Invasivespecies...outcompetenativespecies..."也是威胁。选项C(Pollution)虽然在第四句被提及，但原文将其视为加剧威胁，而非与栖息地破坏并列的三大主要威胁之一。8.C*解析思路：题干问气候变化与生物多样性丧失之间的关系。根据第二段第三句"Climatechangeexacerbatestheseissuesbyalteringhabitatsanddisruptingthetimingofecologicalevents,suchasfloweringandmigration"可知，气候变化通过改变栖息地和大致扰乱生态事件的时间（如开花和迁徙），加剧了这些问题。选项C"Itintensifiesthenegativeeffectsofotherthreats"(它加剧了其他威胁的负面影响)最符合原文。9.B*解析思路：题干问"exacerbates"的意思。根据第二段第三句"Climatechangeexacerbatestheseissues..."以及前文提到的"Habitatdestruction...aretheprimarythreats"可知，气候变化加剧了由栖息地破坏等问题引起的威胁。"Exacerbates"意为使（问题、情况等）更严重。选项B"Worsens"意为恶化，符合语境。10.D*解析思路：题干问生物多样性丧失的潜在长期社会后果。根据第二段最后一句"Thelossofbiodiversitynotonlydiminishesthenaturalbeautyoftheplanetbutalsoposessignificantriskstohumansocieties,potentiallyleadingtothecollapseofecosystemservices"可知，生物多样性的丧失不仅减少了地球的自然美景，而且对人类社会构成重大风险，可能导致生态系统服务的崩溃。选项D"Potentialcollapseofecosystemservices"(生态系统服务的潜在崩溃)符合原文。11.A*解析思路：题干问文章的主要主题。通读全文可知，文章讨论了人工智能（AI）的发展，其在医疗诊断方面的应用（如分析图像），其在个性化治疗方面的应用，以及相关的伦理和实践问题（如数据隐私、算法偏见、对工作者的影响）。核心是人工智能在医疗领域的应用及其相关挑战。选项A"TheapplicationofAIinhealthcareanditsassociatedchallenges"(人工智能在医疗领域的应用及其相关挑战)概括了主要内容。12.A*解析思路：题干问人工智能在哪个具体医学应用方面显示出特别的前景。根据第三段第二句"OneofthemostpromisingapplicationsofAIliesinmedicaldiagnostics.Furthermore,AIalgorithms,particularlythosebasedondeeplearning,havedemonstratedremarkableaccuracyinanalyzingmedicalimagessuchasX-rays,MRIs,andCTscans,potentiallyenablingearlierdetectionofdiseaseslikecancer"可知，AI在医学诊断领域前景广阔，特别是在分析X光、MRI和CT扫描等医学图像方面显示出惊人的准确性，可能实现癌症等疾病的早期检测。选项A"Medicaldiagnostics,particularlyimageanalysis"(医学诊断，特别是图像分析)符合原文。13.B*解析思路：题干问利用人工智能制定个性化治疗方案的优势。根据第三段第三句"Byanalyzingvastamountsofpatientdata,includinggeneticinformation,AIcanhelpclinicianstailortherapiestoindividualpatients,optimizingtreatmenteffectivenessandminimizingsideeffects"可知，通过分析大量的患者数据（包括遗传信息），人工智能可以帮助临床医生为个别患者量身定制疗法，优化治疗效果并最大程度地减少副作用。选项B"Optimizingtreatmenteffectivenessandminimizingsideeffectsforindividualpatients"(优化个体患者的治疗效果并减少副作用)符合原文。14.C*解析思路：题干问"facilitating"的意思。根据第二段第二句"AIalgorithms,particularlythosebasedondeeplearning,havedemonstratedremarkableaccuracyinanalyzingmedicalimagessuchasX-rays,MRIs,andCTscans,*facilitating*earlierdetectionofdiseaseslikecancer"可知，AI算法在分析医学图像方面的准确性有助于实现癌症等疾病的早期检测。"Facilitating"在这里意为促进、使能够。选项C"Enabling"意为使能够，符合语境。15.D*解析思路：题干问人工智能在医疗保健中公平应用的关键挑战。根据第三段最后一句"Furthermore,ensuringthatAItechnologiesareaccessibleandequitable,particularlyinunderservedregions,remainsachallenge"可知，确保人工智能技术是可及的和公平的，特别是在服务不足的地区，仍然是一个挑战。选项D"Ensuringaccessibilityandequity,especiallyinunderservedregions"(确保可及性和公平性，特别是在服务不足的地区)符合原文。16.(a)Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencetechnologies*(b)Theflexibilityofferedbyremotework*(c)Concessiverelationship(or"Contrastrelationship")*解析思路：*(a)句子的主语是"Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencetechnologies"（人工智能技术的快速发展）。*(b)"transformedvariousindustries"是一个过去分词短语，在句中作结果状语，修饰前面的"Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencetechnologies"，说明其带来的结果，即“改变了各个行业”。*(c)句子的结构是"Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencetechnologieshasnotonlytransformed...butalsopresented..."。"Notonly...butalso..."是一个表示递进或并列关系的连接词组，但在这里更侧重于引出与前面情况不同的另一面，带有让步或对比的意味，可以理解为让步关系或转折关系。17.(a)Thecomplexandinterconnectednatureofecosystemsandtheirresponsestovariouspressures.*(b)Thattheyrelyoneachotherandfunctionasaunifiedsystem.*(c)Itfunctionsasanadverbialclauseofreason,explainingwhyunderstandinglong-termconsequencesisdifficult.*解析思路：*(a)句子的主语是"Duetotheintricatenetworkofinterdependentecosystemsthatareconstantlyevolvinginresponsetobothnaturalphenomenaandhuman-inducedpressures"（由于错综复杂的、相互依赖的生态系统网络，这些生态系统在不断应对自然现象和人为压力而演变）。这部分解释了理解长期后果困难的原因。*(b)"interdependent"意为相互依赖的。根据句子"Duetotheintricatenetworkofinterdependentecosystems..."可知，这些生态系统是相互依赖、相互联系的。选项意为“它们相互依赖，作为一个统一的系统运作”。*(c)"Duetotheintricatenetworkofinterdependentecosystems..."是一个由"Dueto"引导的原因状语从句，它解释了主句"fullyunderstandingthelong-termconsequencesofanysingleenvironmentalinterventionremainsanexceptionallydemandingtaskforscientists"（全面理解任何单一环境干预的长期后果对科学家来说仍然是一项极其艰巨的任务）的原因。18.(a)Increasedflexibilityandpotentialreductionsincommutingtime.*(b)Difficultiesinmaintainingteamcohesion.*(c)"Drawbacks"referstothepotentialnegativeconsequencesmentioned.*解析思路：*(a)题干中的"Whilethebenefitsofremotework,suchasincreasedflexibilityandpotentialreductionsincommutingtime,areoftenhighlighted..."指出，远程工作的好处，例如灵活性增加和通勤时间可能减少，通常被强调。选项"Increasedflexibilityandpotentialreductionsincommutingtime"概括了原文提到的优势。*(b)题干中的"...thepotentialdrawbacks,includingdifficultiesinmaintainingteamcohesion..."指出，潜在的缺点包括维持团队凝聚力的困难。选项"Difficultiesinmaintainingteamcohesion"指的是原文提到的缺点之一。*(c)题干中的"Whataspectofremoteworkisidentifiedasapotentialnegativeconsequence?"指出，文章中确定的远程工作的潜在负面后果是什么。原文中"drawbacks"指的是前面列举的"difficultiesinm