江苏省徐州市铜山区高一上学期期中学情调研英语试题【含答案详解】

2025~2026学年度第一学期期中学情调研高一英语试题(试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，20小题，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WheredidMr.Smithgethisschooling?A.InScotland.B.InEngland.C.InWales.2.Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Acalculator.B.Acoffee.C.Amathbook.3.Whichgroupwillthewomanworkwith?A.GroupA.B.GroupB.C.GroupC.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whichideaisbetter.B.Wheretohavedinner.C.Whentheconcertbegins.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hewilllivequitefaraway.B.Therewasacallforthewoman.C.Thewomancancallhimatanytime.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toaskforleave.B.ToleaveMolloy’sgroup.C.Tojointoday’sdiscussions.7.Whowilltakechargeoftoday’sseminar(研讨会)?A.Dr.Molloy.B.ThomasRobert.C.Apart-timer.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatwasthemandoingduringyesterday’sweatherreport?A.Makingacall.B.Preparingforatrip.C.Doinghishomework.9.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Cloudy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatdidthewomandoonFriday?A.Shewenttoaparty.B.Sherelaxedwithherfamily.C.Shewenttothecinema.11.Whydidn’tthewomangoforapicnic?A.Becauseoftheterribleweather.B.Becauseofafootballgame.C.Becauseofherbrokencar.12.Whatdidthespeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Mei’sparty.B.Favouritehobbies.C.Weekendactivities.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whenisthemanleavinghometomorrowmorning?A.At8:00.B.At9:00.C.At10:00.14.HowwillthemantraveltoItaly?A.Bytrain.B.Byplane.C.Bycoach.15.WhatwillthemandoinItaly?A.Relaxonthebeach.B.EnjoytheItalianculture.C.Dosomestudyonart.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Takeagoodrest.B.Findanicehotel.C.Workharder.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdothesewebsiteshelppeopledo?A.Taketoystotravel.B.Buydifferentkindsoftoys.C.Selltheirtoysaroundtheworld.18.Whatshouldyoudofirsttotakepartinit?A.Buyanewtoy.B.Contactatravelagency.C.Registerablogforyourtoy.19.Whatshouldpeoplemailtotheagency?A.Postcards.B.Photos.C.Toys.20.What’sthepurposeofthespeaker?A.Toshareaninterestingstory.B.Tomakeanadvertisement.C.Toconductasurvey.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASummerWritingProgramGuideforTeensSpendyoursummerwithteens(aged13—19)fromover100countriesasyouexperimentwithwords,tryyourhandatnewstylesandworkwithrespectedprofessionalstocreatepiecesyou’reproudof...allwithoutleavingyourhome!Whetheryouaregoodatornewtoputtingdownyourthoughtsonpaper,wewelcomeyoutojointodayandspendaweekoranentiresummerwithteenagersofyourageworldwide!Ourworkshopsincludes:CollegeEssayGofromcollegeessayideastoexecution(执行)inthisweek-longworkshop.Studentswillgainwithafullydrafted,standoutpersonalstatementinhand,andplentyofwritingresources.FlashFictionInthisworkshop,we’llexplorehowasetwordcount(固定字数)rangingfrom5to1,000wordscanleadtocreativefreedom,allowingauthorstodeveloptheirmicro-fictionstorytoitsmosteffectivemessage.HumorWritingWhenitcomestocomedy,thereisdelicateartinvolvedinmakingpeoplelaugh.Inthisworkshop,we’lllearnhowtousewordstosharehumorwiththeworld.ScienceFictionWorktowardsthecreationofasciencefictionstory,andconnectwithaprofessionalauthorforadviceonmakingyourstoryshine.Onlineregistrationisopennow.Spaceislimited.Joinusquickly!Registerfor2or2+workshopsandyoucanget20%off.1.Whatisthepurposeofthesummerwritingprogram?A.Togiveteensprofessionaltips.B.Tohelpteensconnectwithprofessionals.C.Toimproveteens’writingability.D.Toofferteensentertainingactivities.2.Whichworkshopwillashortstoryloverchoose?A.CollegeEssay.B.FlashFiction.C.HumorWriting.D.ScienceFiction.3.Howcanteensgetadiscount?A.Joinover1workshop.B.Signuponline.C.Applyinadvance.D.Registeringroups.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个帮助青少年提高写作能力的暑期写作项目的情况。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Spendyoursummerwithteens(aged13—19)fromover100countriesasyouexperimentwithwords,tryyourhandatnewstylesandworkwithrespectedprofessionalstocreatepiecesyou’reproudof...(与来自100多个国家的青少年（13-19岁）一起度过你的夏天，你可以尝试文字，尝试新的风格，与受人尊敬的专业人士一起创作你引以为傲的作品……)”、第二段“Whetheryouaregoodatornewtoputtingdownyourthoughtsonpaper,wewelcomeyoutojointodayandspendaweekoranentiresummerwithteenagersofyourageworldwide!(不管你是擅长还是不擅长把你的想法写在纸上，我们欢迎你今天就加入我们，和全世界同年龄的青少年一起度过一个星期或整个夏天!)”和相关的具体介绍可推断，这个项目的目的是帮助青少年提高写作能力。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据FlashFiction部分“Inthisworkshop,we’llexplorehowasetwordcount(固定字数)rangingfrom5to1,000wordscanleadtocreativefreedom,allowingauthorstodeveloptheirmicro-fictionstorytoitsmosteffectivemessage.(在这个工作坊中，我们将探讨从5到1000字的字数如何能带来创作自由，让作者把他们的微型小说故事发展成最有效的信息。)”可知，该研习班适合喜欢微型小说的人。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Registerfor2or2+workshopsandyoucanget20%off.(注册2个或2个以上的工作坊，可以获得8折优惠。)”可知，申请不止一个研习班就可以获得优惠。故选A。BMydad,George,onlyhadaneighthgradeeducation.Hewasaquietmanandhedidn’tunderstandmyworldofschoolactivities.Fromage14,heworked.Andhisdad,Albert,tookthemoneymydadearnedandusedittopayfamilyexpenses.Ididn’treallyunderstandhisworldcither.Hewasalivestocktrucker,andIthoughtthatIwouldsurpass(超过)anythinghehadaccomplishedbythetimeIwalkedacrossthestageathighschoolgraduation.Thesummerbeforemyeighthgrade,Iwasoneofagroupofboysthataneighboringfarmerhiredtoworkinhisfield.Heexplainedourbasictask,thetractorfiredupandwewereoff,ridingdownthefieldtogetridofweeds(杂草)withchemicals.Afterashortway,thefarmerstoppedandpointedataweedwhichwemissed.Thenwebeganagain.Itwastiringwork,butIlookedforwardtothepay,eventhoughIwasn’tsurehowmuchitwouldamountto.Athome,mydadsaid,“Ajobisabigsteptogrowingup.I’mgladyouwillbecontributingtothehousehold.”Mydad’swordsmademerealizethatmyearningsmightnotbemineasIwished.Mylaborlastedabouttwoweeks,andthefarmersaidtheremightbemorework,butIwasn’tinterested.IthoughtitwasnotfairthatIhadtocontributemymoney.Thepayarrivedatlast.Althoughthejobwasverytiring,IwasveryhappyinmyheartforIgotsomethingfrommywork.“Howmuchmoneyhaveyouearned?”Dadasked.Iwassurprised,reluctanttosaymyincome.Thenextmorning,mydad’slivestocktruckstartedrunning.Isawmyfather’shard-workingfigureandthoughtofhiswords“Ajobisabigsteptogrowingup”.Iunderstoodimmediatelythatmylaborwasveryhard,butmygrowthandourwholefamilyhadbeendependingonthehardworkofmyparents!Dadnevercomplained(埋怨)aboutunfairnessandhehasworkedforsomanyyears!Intheevening,Dadcameback.IproudlytookoutmyownmoneyandhandedittoDad.4.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor’sfather?A.Helivedarichlife. B.Hewaswell-educated.C.Hewasanoutgoingman. D.Heworkedatayoungage.5.Whatwastheauthorhiredtodobyaneighboringfarmer?A.Washtractors. B.Watchthefield.C.Dealwithharmfulweeds. D.Recognizedifferentchemicals.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reluctant”meaninparagraph5?A.Delighted. B.Content. C.Unwilling. D.Stressed.7.Whatcanweinferfromthearticle?A.Theauthorgavethemoneytohisfather.B.Theauthorfinallyunderstoodthemeaningofgrowth.C.Therelationshipbetweentheauthorandhisfatherwasnotgood.D.Theauthorhasalwaysbeenhappytoputhismoneyintothehousehold.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者暑假帮邻居除草赚钱，但最后把钱交给了爸爸，因为他理解了父母的辛苦，懂得了成长的意义。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fromage14,heworked.(从14岁起，他开始工作。)”可知，作者的父亲在很小的时候就开始工作了。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thesummerbeforemyeighthgrade,Iwasoneofagroupofboysthataneighboringfarmerhiredtoworkinhisfield.Heexplainedourbasictask,thetractorfiredupandwewereoff,ridingdownthefieldtogetridofweeds(杂草)withchemicals.(在我八年级前的那个夏天，我是邻居农民雇来在他的地里干活的一群男孩中的一个。他解释了我们的基本任务，拖拉机发动起来，我们就出发了，沿着田地用化学药剂除草。)”可知，作者被邻居的农民雇去处理有害杂草。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Mydad’swordsmademerealizethatmyearningsmightnotbemineasIwished.(父亲的话让我意识到，我的收入可能不会如我所愿。)”和“IthoughtitwasnotfairthatIhadtocontributemymoney.(我认为让我拿钱出来是不公平的。)”可知，作者不愿意把钱拿出来，想自己支配。由此推知，在第五段““Howmuchmoneyhaveyouearned?”Dadasked.Iwassurprised,reluctanttosaymyincome.(“你挣了多少钱?”爸爸问。我很惊讶，reluctanttosaymyincome.)”中，当爸爸问作者挣了多少钱时，作者是不愿意告知实情的。划线词与unwilling同义。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中爸爸的话“Ajobisabigsteptogrowingup.I’mgladyouwillbecontributingtothehousehold.(工作是成长的一大步。我很高兴你能为这个家做出贡献。)”和“IthoughtitwasnotfairthatIhadtocontributemymoney.(我认为让我拿钱出来是不公平的。)”可知，作者开始并不理解爸爸说的“工作是成长的一大步”的意义，不愿意把钱拿出来补贴家用。但在最后一段中“Iunderstoodimmediatelythatmylaborwasveryhard,butmygrowthandourwholefamilyhadbeendependingonthehardworkofmyparents!Dadnevercomplained(埋怨)aboutunfairnessandhehasworkedforsomanyyears!Intheevening,Dadcameback.IproudlytookoutmyownmoneyandhandedittoDad.(我立刻明白了，我的劳动是很辛苦的，但是我的成长和我们全家都是依靠父母的辛勤劳动的!爸爸从来没有抱怨过不公平，他工作了这么多年!晚上，爸爸回来了。我骄傲地拿出自己的钱递给爸爸。)”作者主动把钱交给了爸爸，说明他理解爸爸的话，明白了成长的意义。故选B项。CItcanbeincrediblydifficulttoencourageourselvestogoforarunduringwinter,particularlywhenit’swetandwindyoutside.Butnewresearchhasfoundthatevenasuper-quickruncouldhavegreathealthbenefits.Infact,itseemsthatjusta10-minutesessionwillnotonlymakeusfeelbetter,butcouldactuallyimprovebrainhealth,too.Now,weallknowthatexercisecanimprovementalandphysicalhealthinmanyways.Butwhenitcomestomentalwell-being,there’sbeenrelativelylittleresearchdoneonthespecificbenefitsofrunning,comparedwithotherphysicalactivities,suchascycling.Sothiswassomethingputtothetestduringarecentstudy.ResearchersfromUniversityofTsukubainJapanaskedparticipants(参加者)torunonatreadmill(跑步机)forjust10minutes.TheythenhadtotakeaStroopColorandWordTestwhichisusedtomeasurereactiontimeinbrainprocessing.Resultsshowedtherewasahighestpointinself-reportedpleasureandanincreaseindegreeofactivityofthebrain.Inotherwords,runnerswerefoundtohaveanincreaseinbloodflowinthepartofthebrainthat’sassociatedwithdealingwithfunctionsandcontrollingmood(情绪).Researchersthencomparedtheseresultstoasimilarstudyoncycling,whichalsoshowedimprovedcognition(认知),butnomoodimprovement.Therefore,itseemsvarioustypesofexercisecanmakeusfeeldifferently.Theauthorsnoted,“Givenexerciseismedicine,theeffectsofdrugsdifferdependingonthetypeofdrug,anddifferenttypesofexercisesuchasrunningandcyclingshouldbeobservedtohavedifferenteffectsonmentalhealthandbrainfunctionsaswell.”Sopushingourselvestogetoutsideforarunreallywillmakeusfeelbetter,probablymorethanotherfitnessactivities.Andthesefindingsshowthatwedon’tnecessarilyneedtodoalotofexercisetofeelthebenefitofit.8.Whatdidthenewresearchfind?A.Runningfastbenefitsallofus.B.Runningisthebestexercise.C.Ahealthymindencouragesustorun.D.Ashorttimeruncanbeofbenefit.9.Howdidtheresearchersgettheresult?AByusingdifferentdrugsonparticipants.B.Byinterviewingsomesportsmen.C.BycollectinginformationontheInternetD.Bydoingexperimentsandcomparisons.10.Whichisrelatedtoourhappiness?A.Cycling. B.Medicine. C.Bloodflow. D.Colors.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Weshouldgoforaruninwinter.B.Runningreallybenefitsusmentally.C.Wearesupposedtodoalotofexercise.D.Runningonatreadmillisbetterthanrunningoutside.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跑步对心理健康的益处，通过一项研究指出，即使是短时间的跑步也能带来显著的健康效益，特别是对大脑健康和情绪的提升。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butnewresearchhasfoundthatevenasuper-quickruncouldhavegreathealthbenefits.Infact,itseemsthatjusta10-minutesessionwillnotonlymakeusfeelbetter,butcouldactuallyimprovebrainhealth,too.(但新的研究发现，即使是超级快速的跑步也能带来巨大的健康益处。事实上，似乎仅仅10分钟的跑步不仅能让我们感觉更好，而且实际上也能改善大脑健康。)”可知，新的研究发现短时间的跑步是有益的。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ResearchersfromUniversityofTsukubainJapanaskedparticipantstorunonatreadmillforjust10minutes.TheythenhadtotakeaStroopColorandWordTestwhichisusedtomeasurereactiontimeinbrainprocessing.(日本筑波大学的研究人员让参与者在跑步机上只跑了10分钟。然后他们必须进行斯特鲁普颜色和单词测试，这是一种用于测量大脑处理反应时间的测试。)”和第三段“Researchersthencomparedtheseresultstoasimilarstudyoncycling,whichalsoshowedimprovedcognition,butnomoodimprovement.(研究人员随后将这些结果与一项类似的自行车研究进行了比较，该研究也显示认知能力有所提高，但情绪没有改善。)”可知，研究人员通过做实验和比较得出结果。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Inotherwords,runnerswerefoundtohaveanincreaseinbloodflowinthepartofthebrainthat’sassociatedwithdealingwithfunctionsandcontrollingmood.(换句话说，跑步者被发现大脑中与处理功能和控制情绪相关的部分血流增加。)”可知，血流与我们的幸福有关。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Butnewresearchhasfoundthatevenasuper-quickruncouldhavegreathealthbenefits.Infact,itseemsthatjusta10-minutesessionwillnotonlymakeusfeelbetter,butcouldactuallyimprovebrainhealth,too.(但新的研究发现，即使是超级快速的跑步也能带来巨大的健康益处。事实上，似乎仅仅10分钟的跑步不仅能让我们感觉更好，而且实际上也能改善大脑健康。)”和最后一段“Sopushingourselvestogetoutsideforarunreallywillmakeusfeelbetter,probablymorethanotherfitnessactivities.(所以，强迫自己出去跑步真的会让我们感觉更好，可能比其他健身活动更好。)”可知，文章主要介绍了跑步真的对我们的心理有益。故选B。DHaveyoueverwalkedintoaroomandcompletelyforgottenwhyyoucameintoitinthefirstplace?Icouldn’tagreemorewhenIreadanarticlefromLiveSciencethatstated“Thereareseveraltypesofmemories,andthebrainhasauniquewayofforgettingeachkind.”Memorydoessomefunnythings.Whileforgettingisanormalandvitalpartofourbrainfunction,wehavetoadmitthatmemorycanbeamysteriousandnaughtyjoker.Oneofthemostcommonmysteriesisashort-termmemoryfailurewherepeoplefindthemselvesenteringaroomwithnomemoryofwhytheydidso.Everyonehasexperiencedthisatleastonceintheirlives.Wecallita“seniormoment”,butresearcherssayit’sactuallyokaytoputtheblame(责备)onourdoorwaysandnotonourageingbrains.Theactofwalkingthroughadoorwaysendsasignaltoourbrainsthatanewscenehasstartedandthatpreviousmemoriesshouldbeputaway.Thisiswhatcausesourmemoryfailureandconfusion.Thethoughtswehadbeforeweenteredthatnewscenehaveactuallybeensectionalized(分区).InaninterviewwithLiveScienceGabrielRadvansky,apsychologistattheUniversityofNorteDamesaid,“Enteringorexitingthroughadoorwayservesasan‘eventboundary’inthemind.”Ifindthisamazing,asIwatchithappentopeopleallaroundmeeveryday.IguessIshouldstoptellingthemthey’regettingoldandactuallyexplainthecause.Formeit’snotdoorwaysthatcauseaproblem.It’sflightsofstairs.EverysooftenIfindmyselfgoingupthestairsandforgettingwhyIdidsojustassoonasI’vereachedthelanding.What’supwiththat?NowifIcanonlyfindoutwhatthatmeans,I’dbetrulyfascinated.12.Whatcontributestoour“seniormoment”accordingtotheresearchers?A.Ageingbrains. B.Doorways.C.Differentmoments. D.Thesamescenes.13.WhichofthefollowingisRadvanskylikelytoagreewith?A.Walkingthroughadoorwaymakesusnervousinthemind.B.Sectionalizedthoughtsdisappearwhenweenteranewscene.C.Toomanyeventsinlifeareharmfultoourbrainmemory.D.Exitingthroughdoorwayscausesshortmemoryfailures.14.Whatmayconfusetheauthor?A.Whetherheshouldexplainthecausetoothers.B.Howmuchhewasfascinatedbyscience.C.Howmanypeoplesufferfromdoorwayproblems.D.Whygoingupthestairsmakeshimforgetful.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ShortMemoryFailuresDoHaveScientificReasons.B.DoorwaysAffectOurLong-TermMemory.C.DifferentTypesofMemoriesandForgettingWays.D.TipstoAvoidForgettingWhyYouEnteraRoom.【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述大脑会短暂的失忆不是年龄大的原因，它有科学的解释。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Wecallita“seniormoment”,butresearcherssayit’sactuallyokaytoputtheblame(责备)onourdoorwaysandnotonourageingbrains.(我们将其称作“一瞬间的老年糊涂（大脑突然短路、犯糊涂的瞬间）”，但研究人员表示，实际上把原因归咎于门道（指经过门口这个行为或场景），而非我们日渐衰老的大脑，也是说得通的。)”可知，作者认为我们有“一瞬间的老年糊涂”的原因在于门道。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Enteringorexitingthroughadoorwayservesasan‘eventboundary’inthemind.(穿过门口进出的时候是作为大脑的“边界事件”服务的。)”可知，在GabrielRadvansky看来，从门口出来的时候会出现短暂的失忆。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Formeit’snotdoorwaysthatcauseaproblem.It’sflightsofstairs.(对我来说，不是门口的问题，而是楼梯的问题。)”可知，让作者困惑的是别人是进出门口的时候会暂时失忆，而他是上楼梯时会暂时失忆。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Haveyoueverwalkedintoaroomandcompletelyforgottenwhyyoucameintoitinthefirstplace?Icouldn’tagreemorewhenIreadanarticlefromLiveSciencethatstated“Thereareseveraltypesofmemories,andthebrainhasauniquewayofforgettingeachkind.”(你是否有过走进一个房间，却完全忘了自己原本进来是要做什么的经历？当我读到《生活科学》（LiveScience）上的一篇文章称“记忆有几种类型，而大脑遗忘每种记忆的方式都独具特色”时，我深有同感。)”可知，本文主要讲述大脑会短暂的失忆不是年龄大的原因，它有科学的解释。因此最恰当的题目是A选项“ShortMemoryFailuresDoHaveScientificReasons.(短期记忆故障确实有科学原因。)”故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtohaveanattractivepersonalityDemonstratinganattractivepersonalityiskeytomakingfriendsandhavinglastingrelationships.Thesetraits(特性)giveyoutheabilitytoinspireandfascinateothers,makingothersmoredrawntoyouasaresult.Listentoothers.___16___Insteadofrespondingtoatext,openinganemail,orthinkingaboutyournextmeal,payattentiontowhattheotherpersonissaying.Showthemyou’relisteningandinterestedbycommentingonthestoryoraskingquestions.Speaksincerely.Noonelikestobecheated.___17___Ifyoucan’tcommittosomething,it’sbettertobehonestaboutitthantohavetotellthematthelastminutethatyoucan’tmakeit.Whenpeopleaskforyouropinion,youshouldbehonest.___18___Youshouldalwayssaywhatyoubelievein,bewillingtotakerisks,andhavetheabilitytoadmityourmistakewithoutbeingworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplewillthink.Doingthisshowsthatyouhaveself-confidence.Thishelpscreateanattractivepersonality.Know“how”vs“what”.Howyousaythingsisarguablymoreimportantthanwhatyousay.Ifyoutrytogivesomeoneagenuinecompliment,butheorshethinksyousayitwithasarcasticundertone,yourcomplimentwon’tmeanathing.___19___Ifyounoticethatpeopleoftentakethingsyousaythewrongway,there’sagoodchanceyoucanchangehowyouspeak.Askyourfriendstomakeyouawareofthewayyou’recomingacross.Showenthusiasmforeverything.Evenifsomethingmakesyouslightlyuncomfortable,handleitwithasmileonyourface,anopenmind,andasenseofhumor.Noteverydayisgoingtobeperfect,butbeingenthusiasticcanhelpyouaccomplishanything.___20___A.Tellpeoplethetruth.B.Youmaymakethingsbad.C.Beawareofthewayyouspeak.D.Haveconfidenceinhowyouspeakandact.E.Whenyouactthisway,peoplewilllovebeingaroundyou.F.Askingquestionsisimportantwhenitcomestoconfidence.G.Listeningisatraitthatisoftenforgottenintoday’ssociety.【答案】16.G17.A18.D19.C20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种展现有吸引力的个性的方式。16题详解】由上文“Listentoothers.(倾听他人。)”可知，本空要说跟“倾听他人”有关的话题，故G选项“Listeningisatraitthatisoftenforgottenintoday’ssociety.(在当今社会，倾听是一种经常被遗忘的特质。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。【17题详解】由上文“Speaksincerely.Noonelikestobecheated.(真诚地说。没有人喜欢被欺骗)”可知，没有人喜欢被欺骗，所以要告诉人们真相，故A选项“Tellpeoplethetruth.(告诉人们真相)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。【18题详解】由下文“Youshouldalwayssaywhatyoubelievein,bewillingtotakerisks,andhavetheabilitytoadmityourmistakewithoutbeingworriedaboutwhatotherpeoplewillthink.Doingthisshowsthatyouhaveself-confidence.Thishelpscreateanattractivepersonality.(你应该总是说你相信什么，愿意冒险，有能力承认自己的错误，而不用担心别人会怎么想。这样做表明你很自信。这有助于塑造一个有吸引力的个性。)”可知，本段介绍的是让自己对自己的言行有信心，故D选项“Haveconfidenceinhowyouspeakandact.(对自己的言行有信心)”能概括本段主旨，符合题意。故选D。【19题详解】由下文“Ifyounoticethatpeopleoftentakethingsyousaythewrongway,there’sagoodchanceyoucanchangehowyouspeak.(如果你注意到人们经常误解你说的话，那么现在是时候改变你说话的方式了)”可知，本空要说跟“说话的方式”有关的话题，故C选项“Beawareofthewayyouspeak.(注意你说话的方式)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。【20题详解】由上文“Noteverydayisgoingtobeperfect,butbeingenthusiasticcanhelpyouaccomplishanything.(不是每一天都是完美的，但是热情可以帮助你完成任何事情。)”可知，本空要说跟“这样做的意义”有关的话题，故E选项“Whenyouactthisway,peoplewilllovebeingaroundyou.(当你这样做的时候，人们会喜欢和你在一起。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。IrecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughsHewasbeinginterviewedbyareporterwhoaskedhimwhyhethoughthewasabletobesomuchmore____21____thantheaverageperson.Herespondedthatitallcamefromanexperiencewithhismotherthathappenedwhenhewasabouttwo.Hehadbeentryingto____22____milkfromthefridgewhenhe____23____theslippery(光滑的)bottle,itscontentsrunningalloverthekitchenfloor.Whenhismothercamein,____24____shoutingathimorgivinghimalecture,shesaid,“Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulpictureyouhavedrawn!Ihave____25____seensuchahugepoolofmilk.Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketogetdownand____26____inthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?”Hismotherthensaid,“Youknow,whatwehavehereisa____27____experimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let’sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucan____28____it.”Thelittleboylearnedthatifhe____29____thebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.Whatawonderful_____30_____!Thisscientistthensaidthatitwasatthatmomentthatheknewhedidn’tneedtobe_____31_____tomakemistakes.Instead,helearnedthatmistakeswerejust_____32_____forlearningsomethingnew,whichis,_____33_____,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.Eveniftheexperiment“doesn’t_____34_____”,weusuallylearnsomething_____35_____fromit.21.A.active B.absent C.creative D.honest22.A.buy B.replace C.remove D.protect23.A.fell B.fled C.escaped D.dropped24.A.inhonorof B.insteadof C.inspiteof D.inplaceof25.A.seldomly B.happily C.frequently D.apparently26.A.jump B.play C.enjoy D.handle27.A.failed B.successful C.fantastic D.painful28.A.drink B.put C.try D.make29.A.controlled B.analysed C.broke D.held30.A.cure B.teaching C.lesson D.instruction31.A.concerned B.ready C.energetic D.afraid32.A.situations B.chances C.times D.turns33.A.afterall B.aboveall C.firstofall D.inall34.A.do B.finish C.go D.work35.A.lovable B.severe C.valuable D.interesting【答案】21.C22.C23.D24.B25.A26.B27.A28.C29.D30.C31.D32.B33.A34.D35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一位著名科学家的童年故事：两岁时他试图从冰箱取牛奶却打翻了瓶子，母亲没有责备他，而是引导他将这次失误转化为学习机会。通过这个经历，科学家领悟到犯错是学习新事物的机会，即使实验“失败”，也能从中获得宝贵经验。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他正在接受一位记者的采访，这位记者问他为何自己能比一般人更具创造力。A.active积极的；B.absent缺席的，不在的；C.creative有创造力的，创意的；D.honest诚实的。根据前文“…afamousscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalbreakthroughs(……一位著名的科学家，曾取得过几项非常重要的医学突破)”可知，这位科学家取得过几项重要的医学突破，说明他在研究方面具有创造性。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正试着从冰箱里拿牛奶，却摔了那个滑溜溜的瓶子，里面的牛奶洒得厨房地板上到处都是。A.buy购买；B.replace取代，代替；C.remove移开，去除；D.protect保护。根据空后内容“milkfromthefridge(……牛奶从冰箱里)”可推知，这里表达“从冰箱里拿牛奶”。“removesthfrom...”意为“从……取出某物”，符合语境。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正试着从冰箱里拿牛奶，却摔了那个滑溜溜的瓶子，里面的牛奶洒得厨房地板上到处都是。A.fell降落，跌倒；B.fled逃走，消逝；C.escaped逃避，逃脱；D.dropped摔落，掉落。与后文“hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit(他能拿着它而不摔落下来)”中“dropping”保持一致，这里应是D项“dropped”。故选D项。【24题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：当他妈妈走进来时，她没有对他大声斥责或进行说教，而是说道……A.inhonorof为纪念，致敬；B.insteadof而不是，代替；C.inspiteof尽管，不管；D.inplaceof代替，取代。根据后文“Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulpictureyouhavedrawn!(Robert，你画的这幅画真是太棒了！)”可推知，妈妈并没有对他大喊大叫或者对他进行说教。选项D“inplaceof”强调“取代位置”，而此处是“行为替代”，用“insteadof”更准确。故选B项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很少看到这么大的牛奶池。A.seldomly很少，不常；B.happily高兴地；C.frequently频繁地，经常；D.apparently看来，显然。根据前文“Robert,whatagreatandwonderfulpictureyouhavedrawn!(Robert，你画的这幅画真是太棒了！)”可推知，妈妈对作者的“意外错误”表示安抚，因此以此感情基调为铺垫，这里应是表达“很少见到如此大的牛奶池”。“seldomly”为频度副词，修饰动词“seen”，符合“强调罕见”的语义。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们清理牛奶之前，你愿意下来在“牛奶池”里玩几分钟吗？A.jump跳跃；B.play玩耍，参加比赛；C.enjoy享受，喜欢；D.handle处理，应付。根据前文“suchahugepoolofmilk(如此大的牛奶池)”可知，妈妈将这里说成“牛奶池”，之后又说“Wouldyouliketogetdown(你是否想要下来……)”，让作者下“牛奶池”，应是想让作者在“牛奶池”里玩几分钟。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你知道，我们现在遇到的这件事，其实是一次关于如何用两只小手稳稳拿住大奶瓶的失败试验。A.failed失败的，有故障的；B.successful成功的；C.fantastic极好的；D.painful痛苦的。分析语境可知，后文“experiment(试验)”应是指代前文作者“从冰箱里拿牛奶，牛奶瓶掉在地上，牛奶洒了一地”的“事故”，这是一个失败的试验。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：咱们到后院去吧，把瓶子装满水，然后看看你能不能试试看。A.drink喝，饮；B.put安放；C.try努力，尝试；D.make使让，制作。根据前文“experiment(试验)”可知，妈妈将这个事件说成一个试验，因此“try”符合语境，表达“装满水，看看你能不能尝试拿稳它”含义。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小男孩明白了，如果他用双手握住瓶子顶部靠近瓶口的位置，就能稳稳地拿着而不让它掉落了。A.controlled控制，掌控；B.analysed分析；C.broke破坏，弄坏；D.held抓住，握住。根据后文“thebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands(用两只手……靠近顶部的瓶口处)”可知，这里描述拿瓶子的动作，应是用D项“held(握住)”，符合“不滑落”的结果。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多么精彩的一课啊！A.cure疗法，治愈；B.teaching教学，授课；C.lesson课程，教训；D.instruction指导，说明。根据前文“Let’sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucan…(我们去后院吧，把瓶子装满水，然后看看你能不能……)”可知，妈妈带着作者在后院做了如何拿稳瓶子的实验，这对于作者来说，是一堂课，也是一个教训。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位科学家接着说，就在那一刻，他知道他不需要害怕犯错。A.concerned担心的，焦虑的；B.ready准备好的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.afraid担心的，害怕的。根据后文“Instead,helearnedthatmistakes…(相反，他了解到错误……)”可知，作者认为可以从错误中学习，因此，不必害怕犯错。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他意识到错误只是学习新东西的机会，毕竟，这就是科学实验的意义所在。A.situations状况，局面；B.chances机会；C.times次数；D.turns（依次轮到的）机会。根据后文“weusuallylearnsomething____15____fromit(我们通常从失败的试验中学习)”可推知，作者认为错误可以是学习新事物的机会。“chancesfor…”，意为“……的机会”。故选B项。【33题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：相反，他意识到错误只是学习新东西的机会，毕竟，这就是科学实验的意义所在。A.afterall毕竟，最终；B.aboveall首先，最重要的是；C.firstofall第一，首先；D.inall总共。根据后文“whatscientificexperimentsareallabout(科学实验的实质)”可知，这里在强调科学的实质，应是用“afterall”，用于强调“最终的核心事实”。故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即便实验“没有成功”，我们通常也能从