2026年国际商务英语一级考试练习题100道含答案

2026年国际商务英语一级考试练习题100道第一部分单选题(100题)1、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes'marketsegmentation'?

A.Theprocessofdividingabroadconsumermarketintosub-groupsofconsumerswithcommonneeds.

B.Thestrategyofincreasingacompany'smarketshare.

C.Theanalysisofacompetitor'spricingstrategy.

D.Theprocessofdistributingproductstodifferentcountries.

【答案】：A2、Whenwritingabusinessemail,whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateopeningforaformalrequesttoanewclient?

A.Hey,IneedyoutosendmethedocumentsASAP.

B.Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.Iamwritingtorequestthequarterlysalesreport.

C.Yo,canyouhitmebackwiththosefiles?

D.Sendmethefilesnow.

【答案】：B3、WhichofthefollowingrepresentsthecorrectINCOTERMforasituationwherethesellerisresponsiblefordeliveringgoodsclearedforexportandpaysfortransportationtothenameddestination?

A.FCA(FreeCarrier)

B.CIP(CarriageandInsurancePaidto)

C.DDP(DeliveredDutyPaid)

D.EXW(ExWorks)

【答案】：B4、Whichdocumentisrequiredbytheimportingcountry'scustomstoverifythecountrywherethegoodswereproduced?

A.BillofExchange

B.InsurancePolicy

C.CertificateofOrigin

D.PackingList

【答案】：C5、WhatisthemainobjectiveoftheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)?

A.Toprovideloansfordevelopingcountries

B.Topromotefreetradebyreducingtariffsandotherbarriers

C.Toregulateglobalcurrencyexchangerates

D.Toenforceinternationallaborstandards

【答案】：B6、Whatdoesthebusinessterm'B2B'referto?

A.Back-to-Businessoperations

B.Business-to-Businesstransactions

C.Buy-to-Buildstrategies

D.Branch-to-Branchlogistics

【答案】：B7、Ininternationalbanking,whatisaSWIFTcodeusedfor?

A.Toencryptfinancialdata

B.Toidentifyspecificbanksandbranchesforwiretransfers

C.Tocalculateexchangerates

D.Toverifycustomeridentity

【答案】：B8、Incross-culturalbusinessmeetings,whatisakeyrecommendationforeffectivecommunicationwithJapanesecounterparts?

A.Speakloudlyanddirectlytoemphasizeyourpoints.

B.Avoidsilenceandfillanypauseswithconversation.

C.Bepatientwithsilence,asitmayindicatecontemplationratherthandisagreement.

D.Useaggressivebodylanguagetoshowconfidence.

【答案】：C9、Whencreatingapresentation,whichofthefollowingisakeyprincipleforslidedesign?

A.Includeasmuchtextaspossiblesotheaudiencedoesn'tmissanything.

B.Useadifferentfontandcolorforeverybulletpoint.

C.Keepthelayoutsimpleandunclutteredwithhighcontrast.

D.Readtheslidesverbatimtotheaudience.

【答案】：C10、Whichpaymenttermininternationaltradegivesthesellerthemostsecurity?

A.OpenAccount(paymentafterreceiptofgoods).

B.DocumentaryCollection(bankhandlesdocumentsforpayment).

C.AdvancePayment(paymentbeforeshipment).

D.Consignment(paymentaftergoodsaresold).

【答案】：C11、Whennegotiatingacontract,ifyouwanttoexpressthatacertainclauseisnon-negotiable,whichphraseismostappropriate?

A.Weareflexibleonthispoint.

B.Thisisadeal-breakerforus.

C.Let'scirclebackonthislater.

D.Wecantablethisdiscussionfornow.

【答案】：B12、Ininternationaltrade,whichpaymentmethodoffersthehighestlevelofsecurityforanexporter?

A.OpenAccount

B.DocumentaryCollection

C.LetterofCredit

D.Consignment

【答案】：C13、Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofa'hardskill'ininternationalbusiness?

A.Emotionalintelligence

B.Cross-culturalawareness

C.Financialstatementanalysis

D.Conflictresolution

【答案】：C14、WhenconductingaPESTLEanalysis(forinternationalbusinessenvironment),whatdoesthe'E'intheacronymtypicallyrepresent?

A.Economic

B.Environmental

C.Educational

D.Exchangerate

【答案】：B15、Inthecontextofinternationalbusiness,'CulturalIntelligence'(CQ)refersto:

A.Theabilitytospeakmultiplelanguagesfluently.

B.Thecapabilitytofunctioneffectivelyinvariousculturalcontexts.

C.Theknowledgeofglobaleconomichistory.

D.Theskillofnegotiatingtradetariffs.

【答案】：B16、The'FourPs'ofthemarketingmixareProduct,Price,Place,andwhichofthefollowing?

A.People

B.Process

C.Promotion

D.PhysicalEvidence

【答案】：C17、Acompanythatbuysgoodsfromonecountryandsellsthemtoanotherwithoutprocessingiscalleda().

A.manufacturer

B.distributor

C.retailer

D.tradingcompany

【答案】：D18、Whennegotiatingacontract,thephrase'subjecttoboardapproval'mostlikelymeans:

A.Thedealisfinalandcannotbechanged.

B.Theagreementiscontingentonapprovalbythecompany'sgoverningbody.

C.Thenegotiatorhasfullauthoritytosignimmediately.

D.Thecontractrequiresapprovalfromagovernmentregulator.

【答案】：B19、Inaletterofcredittransaction,theadvisingbank'sprimaryresponsibilityisto().

A.Paythebeneficiary

B.Authenticatethecredit

C.Negotiatethedocuments

D.Confirmthecredit

【答案】：B20、Whatdoestheterm'FOB'standforininternationaltrade?

A.FreeonBoard

B.FreightonBoard

C.FreeofBond

D.FreightofBusiness

【答案】：A21、WhenconductingaSWOTanalysisforinternationalmarketentry,whichfactorwouldbeconsideredanexternalthreat?

A.Strongbrandrecognition

B.Limitedfinancialresources

C.Intenselocalcompetition

D.Skilledmanagementteam

【答案】：C22、UndertheWTO'sprincipleof'Most-Favored-Nation(MFN)Treatment',amembercountrymust______.

A.Givepreferentialtreatmenttogoodsfromleast-developedcountries

B.ImmediatelyextendanytradeadvantagegrantedtoonemembertoallotherWTOmembers

C.Treatdomesticandforeigngoodsequally

D.Limitimportstoprotectdomesticindustries

【答案】：B23、Selectthemostgrammaticallycorrectsentenceforabusinesscontext.

A.Neitherthemanagernortheemployeeswaspresentatthemeeting.

B.Thedatasuggeststhatweneedtoreviseourstrategy.

C.Meandmyteamareresponsiblefortheproject.

D.TherearelessfactorstoconsiderthanIexpected.

【答案】：B24、Ininternationalarbitration,the'seatofarbitration'determines().

A.Thephysicallocationofhearings

B.Theprocedurallawgoverningarbitration

C.Thenationalityofarbitrators

D.Thelanguageofproceedings

【答案】：B25、IninternationalbusinessEnglish,whatdoestheexpression'togotheextramile'mean?

A.Totravelforbusinessmeetings

B.Toexceedexpectationsandputinextraeffort

C.Totakeunnecessaryrisks

D.Toextendpaymentterms

【答案】：B26、Inacontract,theclausestating'ThisagreementshallbegovernedbythelawsofEngland'isa()clause.

A.forcemajeure

B.jurisdiction

C.arbitration

D.applicablelaw

【答案】：D27、A______letterofcreditcannotbechangedorcancelledwithouttheagreementofallpartiesinvolved.

A.revocable

B.irrevocable

C.transferable

D.confirmed

【答案】：B28、Ininternationalbusiness,whatisa'wholly-ownedsubsidiary'?

A.Acompanyowned100%byaparentcompany

B.Acompanywithmultipleshareholders

C.Ajointventurewithmajorityownership

D.Alicensedfranchiseoperation

【答案】：A29、A'ConfirmedIrrevocableLetterofCredit'providesthegreatestsecuritytothebeneficiary(exporter)because______.

A.Itcanbeamendedwithoutthebeneficiary'sconsent

B.Itaddstheconfirmationofabankintheexporter'scountry

C.Itisalwayspayableatsight

D.Itrequiresfewerdocuments

【答案】：B30、Incross-culturalbusinessnegotiations,whichcommunicationstyleismostcharacteristicofhigh-contextcultures?

A.Direct,explicit,andtask-oriented

B.Indirect,implicit,andrelationship-focused

C.Formal,hierarchical,andaggressive

D.Informal,egalitarian,andfast-paced

【答案】：B31、Acompanythatsellsgoodsdirectlytoconsumersinanothercountrythroughitsownonlineplatformisengagingin______.

A.IndirectExporting

B.Licensing

C.Franchising

D.DirectExporting

【答案】：D32、A'back-to-back'letterofcreditistypicallyusedinwhichofthefollowingsituations?

A.Whenthebuyerandsellerareinthesamecountry

B.Whentheselleractsasanintermediarybetweenasupplierandabuyer

C.Whengoodsareshippedbyairfreight

D.Whenthetransactioninvolvesbartertrade

【答案】：B33、Whennegotiatingacontract,thephrase'subjecttoboardapproval'mostlikelymeans:

A.Thedealisfinalandcannotbechanged.

B.Theagreementiscontingentonapprovalbythecompany'sgoverningbody.

C.Thenegotiatorhasfullauthoritytosignimmediately.

D.Thecontractrequiresapprovalfromagovernmentregulator.

【答案】：B34、Whatisthemainpurposeofthe'UNConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoods'(CISG)?

A.Tosetglobaltariffsongoods

B.Toprovideauniformframeworkforinternationalsalescontracts

C.Toregulateinternationalshippinglanes

D.Toenforceintellectualpropertyrights

【答案】：B35、Whichpaymentmethodposesthehighestriskforaninternationalseller?

A.IrrevocableLetterofCredit

B.DocumentaryCollection(D/Patsight)

C.OpenAccount

D.CashinAdvance

【答案】：C36、Whenacompanysellsgoodsabroadatapricelowerthanitsdomesticmarketprice,itmaybeaccusedof______.

A.moneylaundering

B.dumping

C.arbitrage

D.licensing

【答案】：B37、A______isawrittenorderbyoneparty(thedrawer)toanother(thedrawee)topayacertainsumofmoneytoathirdparty(thepayee)ondemandoratafixedfuturetime.

A.BillofLading

B.LetterofCredit

C.BillofExchange

D.ProformaInvoice

【答案】：C38、Whatisthemaindifferencebetweena'distributor'andan'agent'?

A.Adistributortakestitletogoods;anagentdoesnot

B.Adistributorsellsservices;anagentsellsproducts

C.Anagentworksforthebuyer;adistributorworksfortheseller

D.Thereisnosignificantdifference

【答案】：A39、Ininternationalbusinesscommunication,whichphraseismostappropriateforpolitelydecliningabusinessproposalduringameeting?

A.Werejectyourproposaloutrightasit'sunacceptable.

B.Weappreciateyourproposal,butitdoesn'talignwithourcurrentstrategicgoals.

C.Yourproposalisterribleandwewon'tconsiderit.

D.Wewillacceptyourproposalimmediatelywithoutchanges.

【答案】：B40、Whichtypeofletterofcreditallowsforpartialshipmentsandtransshipment?

A.RevocableL/C

B.IrrevocableL/C

C.TransferableL/C

D.ConfirmedL/C

【答案】：B41、A______isabusinessarrangementwhereoneparty(thefranchisor)grantsanotherparty(thefranchisee)therighttouseitstrademarkandbusinessmodel.

A.JointVenture

B.StrategicAlliance

C.Franchise

D.WhollyOwnedSubsidiary

【答案】：C42、WhatisthemainfunctionofaBillofLadinginshipping?

A.Itservesasareceipt,contractofcarriage,anddocumentoftitletothegoods.

B.Itcalculatesthecustomsdutiesfortheimport.

C.Itprovidesthebuyer'scredithistory.

D.Itliststhemarketingplanfortheshipment.

【答案】：A43、Inanemail,whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateclosingforaformalbusinesscommunication?

A.Cheers,

B.Yoursfaithfully,

C.Seeyousoon,

D.Takecare,

【答案】：B44、AccordingtotheUnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoods(CISG),whendoestheriskoflosspasstothebuyerifthecontractinvolvescarriageofgoodsandnospecificplacefordeliveryisstated?

A.Whenthegoodsarehandedovertothefirstcarrier

B.Whenthegoodsaredeliveredatthebuyer'spremises

C.Whenthecontractissigned

D.Whenthesellerreceivespayment

【答案】：A45、Thepracticeofsellingthesameproductatdifferentpricesindifferentnationalmarketsisknownas______.

A.transferpricing

B.pricediscrimination

C.dumping

D.parallelimporting

【答案】：B46、Youarewritingafollow-upemailafterajobinterview.Whichsubjectlineismosteffective?

A.Thankyou

B.InterviewFollow-up:[YourName]-MarketingManagerPosition

C.Checkingin

D.Fromtheinterviewyesterday

【答案】：B47、Insupplychainmanagement,whatdoes'just-in-time'(JIT)inventorysystemaimtoachieve?

A.Maximizinginventorylevelstoavoidstockouts

B.Reducingwastebyreceivinggoodsonlyastheyareneeded

C.Storingrawmaterialsinmultiplelocations

D.Delayingpaymentstosuppliers

【答案】：B48、Inabusinessnegotiation,ifyousay'Let'stablethisissuefornow,'whatdoyoumean?

A.Todiscussitimmediately

B.Topostponethediscussion

C.Tosignanagreement

D.Torejecttheproposal

【答案】：B49、UndertheUCP600,bankshaveamaximumof()bankingdaysfollowingthedayofpresentationtoexaminedocuments.

A.3

B.5

C.7

D.10

【答案】：B50、A(switchtrade)isaformofcountertradethatinvolves______.

A.thedirectexchangeofgoodsforgoodswithoutmonetarysettlement

B.anagreementwhereacompanysellsplantortechnologyandagreestotakepaymentintheresultingproducts

C.theuseofathird-partyintermediarytosellordisposeofgoodsreceivedinacountertradearrangement

D.anagreementtopurchaseacertainamountofgoodsfromacountryinexchangeforthatcountrypurchasingothergoods

【答案】：C51、Whatdoestheterm'forcemajeure'refertoininternationalcontracts?

A.Aclauseallowingcontractterminationwithoutpenalty

B.Extraordinaryeventsbeyondparties'controlthatpreventcontractfulfillment

C.Mandatorygovernmentinterventionintrade

D.Anincreaseinrawmaterialcosts

【答案】：B52、A______isacontractualagreementwhereoneparty(thelicensor)grantsanotherparty(thelicensee)therightstouseitsintellectualpropertyinexchangeforcompensation.

A.jointventure

B.franchise

C.licensingagreement

D.distributionagreement

【答案】：C53、Ininternationalbusinesscommunication,whichphraseismostappropriateforpolitelydecliningabusinessproposalduringameeting?

A.Werejectyourproposaloutrightasit'sunacceptable.

B.Weappreciateyourproposal,butitdoesn'talignwithourcurrentstrategicgoals.

C.Yourproposalisterribleandwewon'tconsiderit.

D.Wewillacceptyourproposalimmediatelywithoutchanges.

【答案】：B54、Inaletterofcredittransaction,thebankthatissuestheLCattherequestofthebuyeriscalledthe______.

A.AdvisingBank

B.NegotiatingBank

C.IssuingBank

D.ConfirmingBank

【答案】：C55、TheIncotermsrulethatplacesmaximumresponsibilityontheselleris().

A.EXW

B.FCA

C.DDP

D.CIF

【答案】：C56、Whenmakinganinternationalpayment,whichofthefollowingisthemostsecuremethodfortheseller?

A.OpenAccount

B.DocumentaryCollection

C.LetterofCredit

D.CashinAdvance

【答案】：C57、Whatdoestheterm'FOB'standforininternationaltrade?

A.FreeOnBoard

B.FreeofBusiness

C.FreightonBoard

D.ForwardofBusiness

【答案】：A58、Whatdoes'L/Catsight'meaninpaymentterms?

A.TheL/Cisvalidforimmediatepresentation

B.Paymentismadeimmediatelyuponpresentationofcompliantdocuments

C.TheL/Crequiressightdraftonly

D.Paymentisdeferredfor30days

【答案】：B59、Whenwritingareportforaninternationalbusinessaudience,whichstyleismosteffective?

A.Highlyinformalwithslangandcontractions.

B.Concise,objective,andstructuredwithclearheadings.

C.Lengthyandnarrativewithpersonalanecdotes.

D.Usingonlytechnicaltermswithoutexplanations.

【答案】：B60、Inadocumentarycollection,the(collectingbank)actsas______.

A.thebuyer'sagenttomakepayment

B.anintermediarybetweentheexporter'sbankandtheimporter

C.theguarantorofpaymentfortheexporter

D.theinsurerofthegoods

【答案】：B61、The'principleofcomparativeadvantage'suggeststhatcountriesshouldspecializeinproducinggoodswheretheyhave().

A.thelowestabsolutecost

B.thelowestopportunitycost

C.themostadvancedtechnology

D.thelargestdomesticmarket

【答案】：B62、UndertheWTO'sMost-Favored-Nation(MFN)principle,whatisrequired?

A.Countriesmustgranteachotherthesametradeadvantagesastheirmostfavoredpartner.

B.Countriesmusteliminatealltariffsonimportsfromdevelopingnations.

C.Countriescanonlytradewiththeirmostfavoredpoliticalallies.

D.Countriesmustofferthelowestpossibletariffstoalltradingpartners.

【答案】：A63、Whengoodsareshippedundera'throughbilloflading',itindicatesthat().

A.theshipmentinvolvesmultiplemodesoftransport

B.thegoodsareshippedinbulk

C.thebillofladingisnegotiable

D.theshipmentistime-sensitive

【答案】：A64、The______isadocumentissuedbyacarriertoacknowledgereceiptofgoodsforshipment.

A.commercialinvoice

B.billoflading

C.packinglist

D.certificateoforigin

【答案】：B65、WhatistheprimarypurposeofanIncotermlikeFOB(FreeOnBoard)inaninternationalsalescontract?

A.Todeterminethepaymentcurrencyforthetransaction.

B.Tospecifythepointatwhichtheriskoflosstransfersfromsellertobuyer.

C.Todefinetheinsurancecoveragerequiredfortheshipment.

D.Tooutlinethemarketingstrategyfortheproductinthebuyer'scountry.

【答案】：B66、Whichorganizationisresponsibleforsettinginternationalstandardsforqualitymanagementsystems?

A.WTO

B.ISO

C.IMF

D.WorldBank

【答案】：B67、WhatistheroleoftheInternationalChamberofCommerce(ICC)ininternationalbusiness?

A.Toenforceinternationaltradelaws

B.Toprovidetradefinanceloans

C.TopromoteinternationaltradeandestablishruleslikeIncotermsandUCP

D.Toresolvedisputesbetweennationsonly

【答案】：C68、WhatdoestheIncoterm'FOB'(FreeonBoard)typicallyimplyregardingtheseller'sresponsibilities?

A.Thesellerpaysforallcostsincludinginsuranceandfreighttothedestinationport.

B.Thesellerisresponsibleforthegoodsonlyuntiltheyareloadedontotheshipattheportofshipment.

C.Thebuyerisresponsibleforallcostsfromthefactorydoor.

D.Thesellermustdeliverthegoodsduty-paidtothebuyer'swarehouse.

【答案】：B69、WhatisthemainfunctionofaBillofLadinginshipping?

A.Itservesasareceipt,contractofcarriage,anddocumentoftitletothegoods.

B.Itcalculatesthecustomsdutiesfortheimport.

C.Itprovidesthebuyer'scredithistory.

D.Itliststhemarketingplanfortheshipment.

【答案】：A70、The(Hofstede'sculturaldimensions)theoryincludeswhichofthefollowingdimensionsusedtoanalyzeculturaldifferencesinbusinesscontexts?

A.PowerDistance,Individualismvs.Collectivism,Masculinityvs.Femininity,UncertaintyAvoidance,Long-TermOrientation,Indulgencevs.Restraint

B.High-contextvs.Low-context,Monochronicvs.Polychronic,Universalismvs.Particularism

C.Ethnocentrism,Polycentrism,Geocentrism

D.Tariffbarriers,Non-tariffbarriers,Quotas

【答案】：A71、Ininternationalmarketing,'glocalization'refersto().

A.Sellingonlyglobalproducts

B.Adaptingglobalproductstolocalmarkets

C.Creatingentirelynewproductsforeachmarket

D.Standardizingallmarketingactivities

【答案】：B72、WhatisthepurposeofaNon-DisclosureAgreement(NDA)ininternationalbusiness?

A.Toenforceexclusivedistributionrights.

B.Toprotectconfidentialinformationsharedduringnegotiations.

C.Toguaranteepaymentforgoodsdelivered.

D.Tooutlinemarketingstrategies.

【答案】：B73、Whatistheprimarypurposeofa'SWOT'analysis?

A.Totracksalesperformanceoverfourquarters.

B.Toevaluateacompany'sStrengths,Weaknesses,Opportunities,andThreats.

C.TocalculatetheStrength,Weight,Output,andTimeofaproduct.

D.Tomanageaproject'sSchedule,Work,Organization,andTeam.

【答案】：B74、WhichofthefollowingdocumentsisNOTtypicallyrequiredforaninternationalshipmentunderaLetterofCredit?

A.CommercialInvoice

B.PackingList

C.CertificateofOrigin

D.Supplier'sannualreport

【答案】：D75、Acompanythatproducesgoodsinonecountryandsellstheminanotherwithoutmodificationispursuinga()strategy.

A.Globalstandardization

B.Localadaptation

C.Transnational

D.Multidomestic

【答案】：A76、Whenacountryimposesataxonimportedgoodstoprotectitsdomesticindustries,itiscalleda().

A.subsidy

B.quota

C.tariff

D.embargo

【答案】：C77、WhichIncotermruleindicatesthatthesellerdeliverswhenthegoodsareplacedatthedisposalofthebuyeronthearrivingmeansoftransportreadyforunloadingatthenamedplaceofdestination?

A.CIF

B.DAP

C.EXW

D.FCA

【答案】：B78、Ifacompanywantstoemphasizetheurgencyofaletter,whichnotationmightitincludeintheheader?

A.CC:DepartmentHead

B.Encl:Invoice#123

C.URGENT

D.RE:Follow-up

【答案】：C79、A(standbyLetterofCredit)isprimarilyusedto______.

A.financetheshipmentofgoods

B.guaranteeperformanceorpaymentobligations,servingasabackuppaymentmechanism

C.replaceabillofladingasatitledocument

D.provideinsurancecoverageforgoodsintransit

【答案】：B80、WhatistheprimaryfunctionoftheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)?

A.Toprovideloansfordevelopingcountries

B.Tooverseeglobaltraderulesanddisputeresolution

C.Tosetinternationalcurrencyexchangerates

D.Toregulatemultinationalcorporations

【答案】：B81、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesa'LetterofCredit'ininternationaltradefinance?

A.Apromisebytheimportertopaytheexporterdirectly

B.Abank'sundertakingtopaytheexporterifdocumentsmeetspecifiedconditions

C.Aninsurancepolicyforcargo

D.Acontractforfuturecurrencyexchange

【答案】：B82、Inaformalbusinesspresentation,whichopeningismosteffective?

A.Okay,so...let'sgetstartedIguess

B.Goodmorningeveryone,thankyouforyourtimetoday.I'llbediscussing...

C.Heyfolks,thanksforcoming.TodayIwanttotalkabout...

D.Caneveryonehearme?Let'sbegin

【答案】：B83、A______isataximposedonimportstoprotectdomesticindustriesfromforeigncompetition.

A.Subsidy

B.Quota

C.Tariff

D.Embargo

【答案】：C84、WhatistheprimarypurposeofanIncotermlikeFOB(FreeOnBoard)inaninternationalsalescontract?

A.Todeterminethepaymentcurrencyforthetransaction.

B.Tospecifythepointatwhichtheriskoflosstransfersfromsellertobuyer.

C.Todefinetheinsurancecoveragerequiredfortheshipment.

D.Tooutlinethemarketingstrategyfortheproductinthebuyer'scountry.

【答案】：B85、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesa'LetterofCredit'(L/C)ininternationaltrade?

A.Adocumentguaranteeingpaymentfromthebuyer'sbankuponpresentationofcompliantshippingdocuments.

B.Aloanagreementbetweenthebuyerandsellerfordeferredpayment.

C.Acertificateoforiginfortheexportedgoods.

D.Aninsurancepolicycoveringdamagetotheshipment.

【答案】：A86、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesa'LetterofCredit'ininternationaltrade?

A.Adocumentpromisingpaymentuponpresentationofcompliantdocuments

B.Aloanagreementbetweenbuyerandseller

C.Acertificateofqualityinspection

D.Ashippingdocumentforcustomsclearance

【答案】：A87、Whennegotiatingacontract,ifonepartysays'Wecan'tacceptyourofferasitstands,butwearewillingtodiscussa(counter-offer)',whatdoes'counter-offer'mean?

A.Arejectionoftheoriginaloffer

B.Anewoffermadeinresponsetotheoriginaloffer

C.Anacceptanceoftheofferwithminorchanges

D.Arequestformoreinformation

【答案】：B88、Inglobalsupplychainmanagement,'just-in-time'(JIT)inventoryaimsto:

A.Maximizestocklevelstoavoidshortages.

B.Reduceinventorycostsbyreceivinggoodsonlyasneeded.

C.Stockpilematerialsforlong-termproductionruns.

D.Increasewarehousingspaceforbulkpurchases.

【答案】：B89、Whichofthefollowingisacommonnon-tariffbarriertotrade?

A.Importtariff

B.Exportquota

C.Importquota

D.Value-addedtax

【答案】：C90、Thepracticeofsellinggoodsabroadatapricelowerthaninthehomemarketiscalled().

A.Transferpricing

B.Dumping

C.Countertrade

D.Graymarketing

【答案】：B91、Theprocessofadaptingmarketingstrategiesandproductfeaturestosuitthelocalcultureandpreferencesofaforeignmarketisknownas______.

A.Globalstandardization

B.Marketsegmentation

C