广东省南海区2025-2026学年高二上学期学业水平测试英语考试试题【含答案详解】

南海区2027届高二上学期学业水平测试英语试卷本试卷共10页，笔试部分满分130分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听说考试(独立安排，满分20分)第二部分阅读(共三节，满分35分)第一节阅读理解(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABorninLondoninApril1934,JaneGoodall’sinterestinanimalsbeganinearlychildhood.Atjusteight,sheannouncedshe’dgotoAfrica“tolivewithwildanimalsandwritebooksaboutthem”—adreamsheneverletgo.Withlittlemorethandetermination,anotebook,andherstuffedtoychimpanzeeJubilee,JanesetofftoGombeStreamNationalParkin1960.Atthetime,itwasalmostunheardofforayoungwoman,especiallyonewithoutadegree,toleadaresearchprojectinthefield.Withoutformalscientificbackground,sherosebeforesunrise,hikedintothehillsalone,andobservedfromadistanceformonths,hopingthatthechimpanzeesmightonedayaccepther.Slowly,painstakingly,shewasrewarded.Oneday,achimpanzeeshecalledDavidGreybeardapproachedher.Thatmomentmarkedthebeginningofarelationshipbuiltontrustandrespect.Italsolaidthefoundationforoneofthemostimportantstudiesofanimalbehaviourinhistory.Sheonceobservedachimpcarefullypullingofftheleavesfromagrassstem(茎)andusingittofishinsectsfromananthill.Untilthatmoment,tool-makingwasthoughttobeauniquelyhumantrait.Janealsodocumentedchimpanzeesshowingemotionsoncebelievedtobelongonlytohumans:joy,play,friendshipandevenwar.Jane’sworkextendedfarbeyondtheforestsofGombe.In1977,shefoundedtheJaneGoodallInstitute,combiningresearchwithapowerfulnewvision:thatprotectinganimalsmustincludesupportingthepeoplewholivealongsidethem.In1991,inspiredbyaconversationwithagroupofstudentswhofelthopelessabouttheplanet’sfuture,JaneestablishedRoots&Shoots,givingyoungpeoplethetools,platformandinspirationtoleadprojectsthathelppeople,animals,andtheenvironment.Evenintoher90s,Janecontinuedtotravel,speakandinspiremillionsworldwide,deliveringasimpleyetpowerfulmessage:Whatyoudomakesadifference,andyouhavetodecidewhatkindofdifferenceyouwanttomake.Everyschoolworkshopsupported,treeplanted,andyoungmindinspiredbuildstowardthefutureJaneimagined,Dr.JaneGoodall’svisionliveson—notthroughadmiringfromafar,butthroughactionstakenclosetohome.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJane’sjourneytoGombeStreamNationalPark?A.Herlackofadegreemadeherhesitant.B.Herpatiencecontributedtotheresearch.C.Shewasnotallowedtoleadtheresearchatfirst.D.Shewasaccompaniedbyprofessionalresearchers.2.WhatdidJaneGoodallfindoutaboutchimpanzees?A.Theyhavesimilarintelligencetohumans.BTheybehavemorelikehumansthanexpected.C.Theyaregoodatlearningthroughobservation.D.Theymainlyliveoninsectsandsmallanimals.3.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph5?A.Jane’sachievementsinanimalresearch.B.Jane’seffortstoseekorganizationalsupport.C.Jane’sexperiencesofenlargingmembership.D.Jane’sdevotiontoinspiringwidespreadaction.BFordecades,apopularmisunderstandinghasclaimedthatexercise“usesup”heartbeats.However,agroundbreakingstudyfromAustraliaischallengingthislong-heldbelief,showingthatfitnessmightactuallyhelpsaveheartbeatsandimprovehealthoutcomes.PublishedinthejournalJACC:Advances,thestudycomparedheartratesbetweentwogroups:physicallyfitindividualsandinactiveadults.Athletesrecordedanaverageheartrateof68beatsperminute(bpm),whileinactiveparticipantsaveraged76bpm.Overa24-hourperiod,thatequalsabout97,920heartbeatsforathletesand109,440fornon-athletes,adifferenceofabout10percentfewerbeatsperdayamongthefitterparticipants.Notably,thefittestparticipantsevenhadrestingheartratesaslowas40bpm,comparedtotheaveragerangeof70-80bpmformostpeople.ProfessorLaGerche,headoftheHEARTLaboratory,explainedthekeyreasonbehindthispattern.“Eventhoughathletes’heartsworkharderduringexercise,theirlowerrestingratesmorethanmakeupforit,”hesaid.“Thefitteryouare,themoremetabolically(新陈代谢)efficient(高效的)yourbodybecomes.Evenifyoutrainhardforonehouraday,yourheartbeatsfarslowerfortheother23hours,resultinginfewertotalbeatsoverall.”Hefurthernotedthatalowerrestingheartrateisnotjustasignofgoodfitness,butalsoapredictorofbetterhealth.Whileextremeenduranceeventslikemarathonscanraisedailyheartbeatcounts,hestressedthatregular,moderate(适度的)exercisebringsfarmorebenefitsthanrisks.“Thebiggesthealthgaincomesfrommovingfromunfittomoderatelyfit.”ProfessorLaGercheadded.“Justafewhoursofpurposefulexerciseeachweekcansignificantlypromoteyourheart’sefficiency,andhelpmakeeveryheartbeatcount.Itmayevenextendyourlifebyyears.”4.Whydoesthestudycomparetwogroupsofpeople?A.Toproveathletesarehealthier.B.Tofindawaytolowerheartrate.C.Toshowfitnessaffectsheartbeat.D.Toexplainhowmetabolismworks.5.Whydoathleteshavefewertotalheartbeats?A.Theyhavelowerrestingheartrate.B.Theyneedlessoveralloxygensupply.C.Theirbodiesareslimmerthanothers.D.Theirheartsdeliverlessbloodperbeat.6.WhatwouldProfessorLaGercheprobablyagreewith?A.Regularexercisehasnorisks.B.Moderateexerciseispreferred.CThefewerheartbeatsthebetter.D.Restingheartratedoesn’tmatter.CWhenFrenchwriterLéoreachedthetopofaremoteIcelandicmountainwhereonlyafewbitsoficeremained,hisfirstthoughtwasthatitwasbreathtakinglybeautiful—untiloneoftheguidesgentlytoldhimthateverythingaroundhimusedtobeglacier(冰川).“Andthenithitme,”Léosaid.“That’swhenIrealizedhowseriousthesituationwas.”Léo’srealizationisn’tunique.Inrecentyears,agrowingnumberoftouristshavestartedseekingsimilarexperiencesastheyjourneytoseelandmarks,landscapesandevenentiredestinationsthatmaysoondisappearforeverbecauseofclimatechange.Knownaslast-chancetourism,this“see-it-before-it’s-gone”practiceiscontentious.Researchindicatesthattheamountoffuelittakestotraveltothesedestinationscouldspeeduptheirverydecline.Ontheotherhand,advocatessaythat,doneresponsibly,itcanalsoinspiretravelerstoprotecttheveryplacestheycametosee.RetiredscientistNadineMarshallhasstudiedhowtheconnectiontravelersandtouristsestablishwiththeGreatBarrierReef(大堡礁)hasturnedinto“reefgrief(悲痛)”.Shefoundthatpeoplereportedaparticularlyhighlevelofreefgriefafterbleaching(白化)incidentsduetoclimatechange.Unlikelocals,whohadseenthereefchangeovertime,first-timevisitorsweregrievingsomethingtheyhadneverseen—thereef’spreviousunbleachedstate—indicatingthatpeoplecanquicklyformastrongemotionalattachmenttoaplace,whichcanincreasethelikelihoodofclimate-friendlybehaviour.“It’sgoodtofeelgriefbecauseit’smotivatingandespeciallywhenthegriefisduetoourmismanagementoftheplanet,”Marshallsaid.“Itmakesuswanttobebetterandtochangeortobesolution-oriented.”ForLéo,thekeyistogrievecollectivelyandthenchannelthatemotionintoaction.AfterreturningfromIceland,LéohelpedorganizeafestivalinLyondiscussingthechallengesofandpossiblesolutionstoclimatechange.7.Whatisthemainreasonbehindthegrowthoflast-chancetourism?A.Ascientificinterestinclimatechange.B.Asenseofresponsibilitytoprotectnature.C.Thegrowingdesireforadventuretourism.D.Thefearofmissingoutondisappearingsites.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contentious”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Leadingtodisagreement. B.Highlyprofitable.C.Helpingtheenvironment. D.Strictlyprohibited.9.WhatdidMarshallfindaboutfirst-timevisitorstotheGreatBarrierReef?A.Theydecidedtolearnhowtoprotectthereef.B.Theyhardlybelievedthereefwasoncehealthier.C.Theyfeltastronglossforareeftheyneversaw.D.Theyunderstoodreefproblemsbetterthanlocals.10.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.ThePopularityofLast-ChanceTourismB.TheChallengesofSavingDyingLandscapesC.CanLast-ChanceTravelInspireProtection?D.ShouldWeStopClimate-DamagingTourism?第二节语句排序(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)11.将下列语句(A、B、C、D和E)按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。A.Atthatmeeting,theygaveeachothersomeartworks.B.HealsoaskedZhangtoteachhimhowtodrawbamboo.C.In1956,ZhangDaqianvisitedPicassoathishomeinNice,France.D.PicassogaveZhang600worksintotal,allofwhichwerehisimitationsofChinesepaintings.E.Followingthismeeting,thetwoartistsbecamefriendsandexchangedlettersafterZhang’sreturntoChina.________→________→________→________→________第三节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Inlife,failureisoftenviewedassomethingtoavoidatallcosts.Itcanfeelverydiscouraging.____12____Asamotivationalspeaker,Iwanttosharewhyfailureshouldnotbefeared,becauseittrulyisthefirststeptosuccess.Firstly,failureisnottheoppositeofsuccess;it’spartofit.Toooften,wethinkfailuredragsusawayfromsuccess,wheninreality,itbringsusclosertosuccess.Thinkaboutthemostsuccessfulpeopleintheworld—athletes,artists,andscientists.____13____They’veallfacedchallenges,rejections,andfailures.Insteadofgivingup,theylearnedfromtheirexperiences,adapted,andkeptmovingforward.Andthat’sthesecondpointIwouldliketomake.____14____Whenwefail,wegetthechancetoreflectandimprove.ThinkaboutThomasEdison,whofailedoverathousandtimesbeforesuccessfullyinventingthelightbulb.____15____Theyhelpedhimadjusthisapproachand,ultimately,ledtosuccess.It’sworthnotingthatoneofthehardestthingstodoistoacceptfailurewithanopenheart.Itdoestakecouragetoacceptthatwearenotperfectandthatwewillfacemomentsofdoubt.Butthekeytosuccessisnotinavoidingfailurebutindaringtofail.Itisthiscouragetofailthatfinallysetsthosewhokeeppushingforwardapart.Eachfailurebuildsyourinnerstrengthandtoughnesswhichiskeytolong-termsuccess.Remember,noonesucceedswithoutfailing.____16____Instead,useitasfueltomoveforward,learn,andgrow.Afterall,overcomingfailureisnottheend.It’sthefirststeptowardachievingsomethingtrulygreat.A.Everyfailurecarriesalesson.B.Hisfailuresweren’tjustmistakes.C.Whatdotheyallhaveincommon?D.So,don’tletfearoffailureholdyouback.E.Hetirelesslyturnedtoacademicliteratureforhelp.F.Don’tbetoohardonyourselfandeverystepcounts.G.Butwhatifit’sactuallywhereyoursuccessbegins?第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分25分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“What’swrong?”Maasked.Busyingherselfinthekitchen,Ma____17____thatinsteadofspendingtheafternoonoutsidelikeIusuallydid,Iwaswanderingaroundthehouselooking____18____.Ihadjustpassedthefifthgrade,andsummervacationhadjustbegun.Ihadtalkedmybrotherintostartinganinvestigation(侦查)____19____withme.Wecalledourselves“TheTwoInvestigators”,buttheonly____20____was,wehadnocasestosolve.Iexplainedthistomymotherandthenasked,“Wouldyouliketohireusforacase?”“Hum,letmethinkaboutit,”shesaid.Iknewwhatadultsreallymeantby“I’llthinkaboutit”—it’sjustapolite“no”.Alittle____21____,Ileft.AfewminuteslaterIheardmynamebeingcalledsoIheadedbacktothe____22____.“Ialmostforgot,”shebegan.“ThismorningwhenIgotbackfromtown,Ilookedinmypurseandallmychangewas____23____.ThenIrememberedthatafterIparkedthecar,Ihad____24____whenIwaswalkingfromthegaragetothehouseanddroppedmypurse.Ilookedbutcouldn’tfindwhere.”“Agoodinvestigatorcould____25____myfootstepsandpossiblyfindwhatIlost,”shesaid.I_____26_____wenttothestairsandcalleduptomybrother,“Brian,wehaveajob!”andoutthedoorwewent.Thiswasnoeasy_____27_____.Backthen,eventhoughwedidourlawn(草坪),thegrassinthecountrysidegrew_____28_____andwild.Ittookusmostoftheafternoon,butwe_____29_____awholehandfulofchange.Ourpaymentwas10%ofwhatwefound.Itwasaperfectfirstcaseforourcompany.WhatInever_____30_____untilyearslaterwasthatwhenIleftthekitchenthefirsttime,Mahadtakenahandfulofcoinsoutofherpurse,walkedtothedoor,anddroppedthemintotheyard_____31_____.17.A.noticed B.expected C.demanded D.recalled18.A.curious B.bored C.pleased D.ambitious19.A.competition B.discussion C.business D.lesson20.A.difference B.hope C.chance D.problem21.A.upset B.nervous C.ashamed D.interested22.A.target B.scene C.neighborhood D.kitchen23.A.messy B.stolen C.gone D.safe24.A.stopped B.tripped C.checked D.moved25.A.remove B.follow C.collect D.compare26.A.immediately B.carefully C.suddenly D.secretly27.A.test B.answer C.task D.trick28.A.soft B.fresh C.thick D.dry29.A.gaveaway B.cameupwith C.setaside D.tookchargeof30.A.realized B.admitted C.believed D.explained31.A.bychance B.atwill C.inperson D.onpurpose第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheYuanyangHaniTerraces(梯田)inYunnanprovincewererecentlyaddedtothe2025WorldHeritageIrrigationStructureslist.Thismountainfarmingirrigation(灌溉)systemhasbeenusedforover1,300years.It____32____(clear)showstheChinesewisdomof“harmoniouscoexistencebetweenhumansandnature”.Theterraces____33____(build)asearlyastheTangDynasty.Localscarvedtheterracesalongthemountain,passingdowntheiragriculturalpracticesthroughgenerations.Today,305waterwaysrunacrossthearea.Thankstothesewaterways,theterracesintegratewiththesurroundingforests,watersystemsandvillages,____34____(create)aharmoniousecosystem.Localshighlyvaluethemountainforestswhere____35____(tree)areprohibitedfrombeingcutdownfornoreason.MaYoude,avillager,explainsthecommunity’sdeeprespect____36____nature:“Ifanyoneneedswood,itmustbeapprovedbythevillage,andatreemustbereplacedimmediatelyoncecut.”Inrecentyears,theecologicaland____37____(culture)valueoftheHaniTerraces____38____(gain)globalrecognition.Youngpeople____39____grewupneartheterraceshavereturnedtotheirhometownsandfoundnewways____40____(protect)it.“Isharethelandscapesandourvillagers’dailylivesthroughsocialmediawiththeworld,”saidGaoHua,____41____Generation-Ztourguide.第四部分知识基础(共四节，满分40分)第一节词汇中英匹配(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)把下面5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。____42____行，举止____43____较量，竞争____44____乐队，乐团____45____平衡____46____树枝A.battleB.bandC.batteryD.balanceE.buttonF.behaviorG.branch把下面5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。____47____自制力____48____保护，保卫____49____距离，间距____50____设置；装置____51____装饰物A.deviceB.defendC.deadlineD.disciplineE.distanceF.decorationG.dormitory把下面5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。____52____政策，方针____53____原则，基本的观念____54____抗议，反对____55____潜力，可能性____56____保护，防护A.potentialB.policyC.principleD.protectionE.privacyF.powerG.protest把下面5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。____57____目标，指标____58____紧张，焦虑____59____特征，品质____60____技巧，手法____61____交通运输系统A.techniqueB.traitC.trackD.targetE.tensionF.throughoutG.transport第二节语义匹配(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)根据句子内容，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的选项。62.Insomecountries,theelderlyaccountformorethan25%ofthetotalpopulation.A.explain B.makeup C.promote D.comefrom63.Inthe19thcentury,manyyoungEuropeanslefttheirhomelandfortheNewWorldtoseektheirfortune.A.escapefromreality B.gainwealthandsuccessC.searchforfreedom D.experiencedifferentcultures64.Thefilmwasfullofunexpectedandengagingelements,keepingtheviewersontheedgeoftheirseatsuntiltheverylastminute.A.confused B.defensive C.scared D.attentive65.Withonlyfivesecondsleftinthegameandourteamdownbysixpoints,wehaveaslimchancetowin.A.aclearplan B.afirmbelief C.asmallpossibility D.aweakdesire66.It’shighlyimportanttobridgethedigitaldivideandmakesurethateveryonecanhaveaccesstotheInternet.A.usetheInternet B.knowtherisksoftheInternetC.ownInternetdevices D.understandhowtheInternetworks67.Sarah’sdailypracticeinplayingthepianopaidoffwhenshegotachancetoperformattheschoolconcert.A.tookuptoomuchtime B.broughtgoodresultsC.requiredgreatpatience D.wasforgottenbyothers68.Smalldailyactsofkindnesscanmakeasignificantdifference.A.haveaslighteffect B.gounnoticedbyothersC.costalotofeffort D.bringaboutnotablechange69.Althoughyourinnervoicecanbeuseful,itcanalsogetinthewayoflearning.A.improvethelearningquality B.wastedailylearningtimeC.holdbackthelearningprocess D.increasethelearningpossibilities70.Hercuriositywasthedriverbehindhersuccessasascientist.A.thekeytoherachievement B.thesideeffectofherprogressC.thereasonforherhardwork D.thelimitationofherstudy71.Nowadays,theideaof“whitebikes”haspedaleditswayaroundtheworldandtherehasbeenaglobalincreaseinbike-sharing.A.spread B.disappeared C.failed D.changed第三节(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)看音标写单词72./’dɪfrənt/____________73./’tʃælandʒɪŋ/____________74./’mʌni/____________75./’meʒa(r)____________76./rɪ’mɑːkəbl/____________77./æm’bɪʃn/____________78./skri:m/____________79./’præktɪkəl/____________80./kən’vɪns/____________81./pə’fɔ:məns/____________第四节单句语法填空(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)根据下列各句句意，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。82.VanGoghpainted________hesawfromhiswindow—thenightskywithclouds,starsandamoon.(用适当的词填空)83.WhatIw