装配式建筑施工英语课件-装配式混凝土构件的码放与运输

YardingandTransportationofAssembledConcreteElementsReportedby:ZhangQingxingLearntheSpiritofLubanBecometheCraftsmenoftheNation01StackingofPrefabricatedConcreteComponents02TransportationofPrefabricatedConcreteComponentsContentsCONTENTS0101StackingofPrefabricatedConcreteComponents1.Thestackingofprefabricatedcomponentsshallmeetthefollowingrequirements1.Thesiteshouldbeflatandsolid,andthereshouldbegooddrainagemeasures;2.Ensurethatthelowestcomponentispaddedfirmly,theembeddedliftingpartsshouldbeupward,andtheidentificationshouldfacethechannelbetweenthestacks;3.Thepositionoftheskidorcushionblockunderthecomponentshouldbeconsistentwiththeliftingpositionduringdemoldingandhoisting.Whenoverlappingandstackingcomponents,theskidsorblocksbetweencomponentsofeachlayershallbeonthesameverticalline;4.Thenumberofstackinglayersshallbedeterminedaccordingtothebearingcapacityofcomponentsandskidsorblocksandthestabilityofstacking.Ifnecessary,supportsshallbesettopreventcomponentsfromoverturning;5.Thecomponentsstackedontheconstructionsiteshouldbeplacedaccordingtotheinstallationsequence,andthestacksshouldbearrangedwithintheworkingscopeofthecraneAreaswithinthescopeandnotaffectedbyconstructionoperationsofotherprocesses;6.Theinfluenceofinvertedarchshouldbeconsideredinthestackingofprestressedcomponents.Panelcomponentsshouldbestackedandtransportedaccordingtotheconstructionrequirements.Forwallboardswithcomplexappearance,itisadvisabletoadoptuprightstackingandtransportationbyusinginsertingrackandleaningrack.Theinsertingrackandtheleaningrackshallhavesufficientstrength,rigidityandstability.Thewallboardsstackedverticallywithleaningrackshouldbeplacedsymmetricallywiththefinishfacingoutward,andtheinclinationangleshouldnotbelessthan80°.II.SitesafetyrequirementsforstackingprecastconcretecomponentsPrefabricatedconcretecomponentsshallbestackedonaspecialstackingsite,whichshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:1.Theconstructionsiteshouldbesetasideaspecialstackingyardsurroundedbyironfences.Thisstackingyardisgenerallylocatedclosetotheproductionlineofprefabricatedcomponentsandwithintherangeofcraneliftingperformance;2.Accordingtothecharacteristicsofassemblyandconstructioncomponenthoisting,yardreinforcement,componentinstallation,etc.,reasonablydeterminethecostofsafeproductionandcivilizedconstructionmeasureswiththeconstructionparty;3.Itneedstobeapprovedbythedesigncompany,ifthereneedsyardreinforcement,componentliftingpoints,towercranesandwallembeddedpartsofconstructionelevators,scaffoldingties,etc.4.Thestorageyard,componentstackingrack,operationplatformandtemporarysupportsystemmustbeinspectedandacceptedbytheconstructionpartyandthesupervisor.IIISafetyprecautionsforstackingprecastconcretecomponentsThefollowingsafetyprecautionsshouldbenotedwhenprefabricatedprecastconcretecomponentsareyarded.1.Reasonablesitingofproject-specificassembledprecastconcreteyards.2.Donotmixwithothermaterialsandequipment;3.Therearenowiresaboveandwithintheradiusofthehoistingofprefabricatedconcretecomponentsinthestorageyard;4.Stackasrequiredwithoutexceedingthelimit;(thestackingofplatesisnotmorethan6layers,andthestackingofcolumnsandbeamsisnotmorethan2layers)5.Signforacceptanceofstackingrackwithlimitedload;6.Thestorageyardhassufficientauxiliaryfacilitiessuchascomponentstackingracks,operatingplatforms,scaffoldsandbaskets;7.Thestorageyardismarkedwithsystemboardandresponsibleperson.Prefabricatedcomponentscanbestoredintwoways:planestackingorverticalfixation.Floorslabs,stairs,beamsandcolumnsareusuallystackedinplanehorizontally,andpanelcomponentsaregenerallyfixedvertically.PlanestackingVerticalfixation0102TransportationofPrefabricatedConcreteComponentsTheliftingduringthetransportationofassembledprefabricatedcomponentsshallconformtothefollowingprovisions：1.Slingsandliftingequipmentshallbeselectedaccordingtotherequirementsoftheshape,size,qualityandworkingradiusofprefabricatedcomponents.Theslingsandliftingequipmentusedandtheiroperationshallcomplywiththeprovisionsofthecurrentnationalstandardsandtheproductapplicationtechnicalmanual.2.Thenumberandpositionofliftingpointsshallbedeterminedbycalculation,andtheconnectionofliftingappliancesshallbereliable.Measuresshallbetakentoensurethatthepositionofthemainhookoftheliftingequipmentandthecenterofgravityofliftingappliancesandcomponentscoincideintheverticaldirection.3.Thehorizontalincludedangleoftheslingshouldnotbelessthan60°,andshouldnotbelessthan45°.4.Theoperationmodeofslowlifting,stableliftingandslowplacingshallbeadopted.Duringtheliftingprocess,itshallbestablewithoutdeflection,swingandtorsion.Itisstrictlyforbiddentosuspendthehoistingcomponentsintheairforalongtime.5.Whenhoistinglargecomponents,thin-walledcomponentsorcomponentswithcomplexshapes,distributionbeamsordistributiontrussesshouldbeused,andtemporaryreinforcementmeasuresshouldbetakentoavoiddeformationanddamageofcomponents.Thetransportationofprefabricatedcomponentsshallmeetthefollowingsafetyrequirements:1.Thetransportationrouteofprefabricatedcomponentsshallbedeterminedaccordingtotheactualconditionsofroadsandbridges.Circulatinglinesshouldbesetforon-sitetransportation;2.Thetransportationvehicleshallmeettherequirementsofcomponentsizeandload;3.Whenloadingandunloadingofcomponents,loadershouldtakeintoaccountthebalanceofthecartoavoidcausingthecartotipover.4.Bindingandfixingmeasuresshallbetakentopreventcomponentsfrommovingortoppling;5.Whentransportingslendercomponents,horizontalsupportsshallbesetasrequired;6.Theconcreteatthecornersofcomponentsoratthecontactofchaincablesshouldbeprotectedbycushionlining.7.Theheavyobjectsshouldbebalancedwhentheyarelifted,andvibrationandswingshouldbeavoidedasmuchaspossible.Operatorsshouldchooseasuitableupwindpositionandtherouteofescortingwithheavyobjects,andpayattentiontogreetingthestayingpersonnelandvehiclestoavoid.8.Whentransportingheavyobjects,theyshouldbeplacedinabalancedmannertopreventbiasedloading,andshouldbestackedandplacedinafirmbundle,fixedbyspotweldingifnecessary,anddoagoodjobofanti-collapseandslidingsafetymeasures.9.Theconstructiondepartmentmustassignspecialpersonneltomonitorthewholeprocessofheavygoodstransportation,andpayattentiontothedeviationoftheloadatanytime.Iftheloadisfoundtomoveirregularly,thedrivershouldbeimmediatelynotifiedtostopforconsolidation.Maincontentsofthesafetyproductionagreementbetweentheconstructionpartyandthetransportationparty1.Toimplementtheirrespectivesafetyresponsibilitiesinaccordancewiththelawsandregulationsonproductionsafety；2.Thereisaschemefortheinspectionandqualifieddeliveryofcomponentstransportedoutofthefactoryaccordingtothedrawingnumberandcomponentloading;3.Accordingtotheconstructioncharacteristicsofprefabricatedbuildingsandcombinedwiththetransportationcharacteristicsofprefabricatedconcreteprecastunits,aspecialtransportationplanispreparedandimplementedafterdemonstrationandapproval;4.Thetransportationsafetyproductionagreementspecifiesthesafetyresponsibilitiesofprefabricatedcomponenttransportation,vehiclesandequipment,andcoordinatesandurgesallunitstocooperatewitheachother,5.Formulatethescopeofaccidentanddamageliabilityidentification.TransportationmodeofprefabricatedcomponentsSpecialtransportvehiclesshouldbeusedforthetransportationofprefabricatedcomponents,anddifferentfixationmethodsshouldbeadoptedaccordingtothedifferenttypesofcomponents.Thefloorslabcanbetransportedbyhorizontalplanestacking,thepanelcanbetransportedbyleaning(alsoknownasinclinedhorizontal)orbyverticaltransportation,andthespecial-shapedcomponentscanbetransportedbyverticaltransportation.

HorizontallyplacedtransportationLean-againsttransportation

Vertical-placedtransportation

Duringthetransportationofprefabricatedcomponents,safetyandfinishedproductprotectionshallbedonewell,andthefollowingprovisionsshallbemet:1.Reliablefixingmeasuresshallbetakenaccordingtothetypeofprefabricatedcomponents.2.Forthetransportationandstackingoflargeprefabricatedcomponentswithsuperheight,superwidthandspecialshape,specialqualityandsafetyassurancemeasuresshouldbeformulated.3.Thefollowingprotectivemeasuresshouldbetakenduringtransportation:a．Setflexiblegasketstoavoidconcretedamageatthecornersofprecastcomponentsoratthecontactofchaincables;b．Wrapthecushionblockwithplasticfilmtoavoidtheappearancepollutionofprefabricatedcomponents;c．panels,doorandwindowframes,decorativesurfacesandedgesandcornersshouldbeprotectedbyplasticfilmsorothermeasures;d．Theverticalthin-walledcomponentsareprovidedwithtemporaryprotectivesupports;e．Duringpackingandtransportation,thesurroundingoftheboxshallbefilledwithwoodorflexiblegaskets,andthesupportshallbefirm.4.Differenttransportationmethodsshallbeadoptedaccordingtothec