写作训练系列宾

写作训练系列3宾语补足语和同位语一，宾语补足语的定义：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还有一个宾语补足语，用以补充说明前面的宾语，使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make,consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have,let,suppose,think等。Electricitycanmakeamachinerun.Weconsider/think/supposetheweathertobemoreandmoreserious.二，宾语补足语的表现形式宾语补足语在句中的九种表现形式1.名词（包括名词性物主代词）Hisfathernamedhim

Sanmao.被动语态为hewasnamedSanmaobyhisfather.WeconsiderMrWang

anexcellentteacher.Weelected/appointedhimpresident.2.形容词及其短语Theypaintedtheboat

white.Wesawhim

youngandstrong,andnowheisoldandworn.3.不定式及其短语Youmustn’tforcestudents

toconcentrateonhislessens.Nobodynoticedhim

slideintotheroom.4.现在分词及其短语Ihearedher

murmuringtotheboyseatednexttoher.Wesawatruck

runningintothepolicestation.5.过去分词WesawDaye

changedgreatlyinthepast10years.Ihadmycomputer

repaired.Nobodyfoundher

guilty.6.用as引出补足语WetakeEnglish

asausefultoolforresearchwork.Ilookuponhim

asmyteacher.Don’tregard/treatme

asyourpossession.7.用介词短语表示Wefoundeverythinghereoutoforder.Hefoundhimself

inprisonafterwakingup.8.用副词表示Openthewinsowandletfreshair

in.Ihappenedtoseehim

outwithastranger.9.用从句表示Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyoursisnow.Theplanthasitsname.Youcan’tcallitwhatyouwill.10.用it作形式宾语再接形容词或名词作补足语Wethink/consider/find/feelitourduty/necessary

tosupporthim.Don’ttakeit

forgranted

thattheearthisthecenteroftheuniverse.Hemadeitarule

tosomketencigarettesaday.Theythinkituseless

assistinglazyandpoorpeople.Wethinkitnogooddeliberatelyharminganimals.同位语一同位语的定义：和前面的名词表达同一含义的成分叫同位语。二同位语的表现形式1.名词A．GeorgeBush，thepresentAmericanpresident，wasthegovernorofthestateofTexas．B．Iwantverymuchtoreadthesenewnovels，especiallytheoneyoumentioned．

2．动名词短语（有逗号隔开）A．Heenjoystheexercise，swimminginwinter．B．Askinghimtojoinus，that‘sagoodidea．

3．不定式短语（有时有逗号隔开）A．Thereisonethinghe‘llneverdo—telllies．

B．Thequestionwhattodonexthasn’tbeenconsidered．4．形容词及其短语（有逗号隔开）A．He，shortandthin，isunfitforthejob．

B．Allthecountries，bigorsmall，areequal．

5．介词短语（有时有逗号隔开）

Astheheadofthecompany，hehadtoexplainwhathadhappened．＝He，theheadofthecompany，hadtoex-plainwhathadhappened．

6．名词性从句（其前面的先行词一般都带有定冠词the）。这样的先行词有fact，news，truth，knowledge，idea，hope，question，problem，assumption等。例如：A．Youhaveyettoanswermyquestionwhetheryoucanlendmeyourbike．B．Theyhadtofacethefactthatthenearestfillingstationis30kilometersaway注释：宾语补足语若改为被动语态就是主语补足语。模拟练习1.we________________（我们管那江叫珠江）.call.pearl2.什么是你如此沮丧？————————————————.depressed3.我喜欢看角马在原野上奔驰。Iliketowatch_______________ontheplain.gnu4.Iheared________________(他叫了我的名字).call5.她昨天在医院拔了牙。Shehad____________________.pullCallthisriverPearlRiverWhatmakesyousodepressed?GnusrunningHimcallmynameMywrongtoothpulledinthehospital6.每次看见她，我发现她都在工作。EverytimeIsawher,I____________.at7.我习惯开窗睡觉。Iamusedtosleepingwith_________.8.把他们请进来。Show_______________________.9.我们一定要把中国建成像今日美国一样的国家。WemustmakeChina____________.whatFoundheratworkThewindowsopenShowtheminWhattheUSAistoday10.你们学生应当把在校学习看成自己的首要任务。Youstudentsshouldconsiderit__________________.study11.Hawking,_______________(霍金著名的英国科学家宣称外星人存在。)delaredthataliensexistintheuniverse.12.我妈喜欢那些活动，像什么跳舞啊打麻将啊什么的。Motherlikessuchactivitiesas_____________.majoangYourfirstdutytostudyatschoolAfamousBritishscientist,Dancing,playingMajiangandsoon13.和老外交流，那是提高英语口语的好办法。————————，thatisagoodwaytoimproveyourspokenEmunicate14.Allthepeople,____________,mustobeyth