郑西客运专线基础工程沉降观测指导方案模板

郑西客运专线基础工程沉降观测指导方案资料内容仅供参考，如有不当或者侵权，请联系本人改正或者删除。新建郑州至西安铁路客运专线基础工程沉降观测指导方案(试行)Zheng-XiPDLFoundationEngineeringSettlementObservationDirectingScheme(Provision)郑西铁路客运专线有限公司郑西铁路客运专线工程咨询项目部11月·西安目录一、 总则 4二、 主要依据的标准及规范 5三、 沉降变形监测网建立及测量技术要求 5四、 路基 7(一)一般规定 7(二)观测的内容 8(三)观测断面和观测点的布置 8(四) 沉降观测的频度 9(五) 观测精度要求 10(六) 沉降观测要求 10(七) 评估方法和判定标准 11五、 桥梁 13(一) 一般规定 13(二)沉降观测的内容 14(三)沉降观测点的布置 14(四)观测精度 14(五)沉降观测频度 15(六)评估方法和判定标准 17六、 隧道 18(一)一般规定 18(二)沉降观测的内容 19(三)沉降观测点的布置 19(四)观测精度 19(五)沉降观测频度 19(六)评估方法及判定标准 20七、 过渡段 21(一)般规定 21(二)观测点布置与观测频次 21(三)观测精度 21(四)沉降观测频度 22(五)评估方法和判定标准 22八、 组织与管理 22(一)主要工作内容 22(二)工作分工与职责 22(三)工作程序 24(四)工作要求 26附件一:沉降观测记录手簿格式 27附件二:沉降观测表格式 31附件三:组合式沉降板路基沉降观测方法 46附件四:路基沉降常见预测方法 53

郑西铁路客运专线基础工程沉降观测指导方案Zheng-XiPDLFoundationEngineeringSettlementObservationDirectingScheme总则General为指导郑西铁路客运专线做好施工期间的沉降观测,经过对路基、桥梁及隧道工程的沉降观测资料进行分析,预测工后沉降,提出加速路基沉降的措施,确定无碴轨道的铺设时间,评估路基工后沉降控制效果,确保无碴轨道结构的安全,制定本指导方案。InordertodirectZheng-XiPDLtodowellsettlementobservationduringconstruction,establishthisdirectingschemebyanalyzingsettlementobservationdataofsubgrades,bridges,andtunnels,forecastingsettlementafterconstruction,raisingacceleratingsubgradesettlementmeasurement,confirmingthetimeofpavingslabtrack,evaluatingthecontrollingeffectofsubgradesettlementafterconstruction,makingsuresafetyofslabtrackstructure.无碴轨道铺设条件评估的重点应是线下工程的变形,评估应综合考虑沿线路方向各种结构物间的变形关系,以标段为单位实施。设计单位按照本指导方案,以标段为单位制定沉降观测实施设计方案。Evaluationkeypointsofslabtrackpavingconditionsshouldbedeformationofunderlineconstruction.Evaluationshouldsyntheticallyconsiderdeformationrelationamongdifferentstructuresalongalienment,implementbysection.Contractorsshouldestablishsettlementobservationimplementdesignschemebysectionaccordingtothisscheme.基础工程的沉降观测数据必须采用先进、成熟、科学的检测手段取得,且必须真实可靠,全面反映工程实际状况。Settlementobservationdataoffoundationengineeringshouldbegottenbyadvanced,matured,scientificcheckingmethods.Thedatawhichfullyreflectstheactualengineeringmustbetrue.本规定适用于施工期及正式验收经过前的沉降观测评估工作。Thisregulationappliestosettlementobservationevaluationduringconstructionandbeforeacceptance.主要依据的标准及规范Themainreferences:《客运专线无碴轨道铺设条件评估技术指南》;EvaluationTechniqueGuideforPavingConditionsofPDLSlabtrack《客运专线无碴轨道铁路工程测量技术暂行规定》;ProvisionalRegulationforPDLSlabtrackRailwayEngineeringMeasureTechnique《国家一、二等水准测量规范》(GB12879－91)NationalFirstandSecondLevelMeasureRegulations(GB12879－91)《工程测量规范》(GB0026－93)EngineeringMeasureRegulations(GB0026－93)《全球定位系统(GPS)铁路测量规程》GPSRailwayMeasureRegulations(TB10054－97)沉降变形监测网建立及测量技术要求沉降监测网的建立、精度要求等应符合《客运专线无碴轨道铁路工程测量技术暂行规定》的要求;TheestablishmentandprecisionrequirementofsettlementmonitoringnetshouldaccordwithProvisionalRegulationforPDLSlabtrackRailwayEngineeringMeasureTechnique沉降监测网应在施工高程控制网的基础上进行加密建立,按二等水准测量的精度和测量方法要求进行施测。Settlementmonitoringnetshouldbeencryptedbasedontheconstructionheightcontrolnet,andshouldimplementmeasureaccordingtomeasureprecisionandmeasuremethodsofsecondlevel.高程基准网点间距不宜大于200m,以便于对沿线桥梁和路基等建筑物或构筑物进行沉降观测。Thespacebetweenheightdatumnetpointsshouldbewithin200minordertoobservesettlementofbridges,subgradesandotherbuildingsalongtheline.变形测量点分为基准点、工作基点和变形观测点。其布设应符合下列要求:Deformationmeasurepointsareclassifiedintodatummarks,workbasicpointsanddeformationobservationpoints.Thelayoutofthemshouldaccordwiththefollowingrequirements:每个独立的监测网应设置不少于3个稳固可靠的基准点,且基准点的间距不大于1公里。基准点应选设在变形影响范围以外便于长期保存的稳定位置。使用时应作稳定性检查与检验,并应以稳定或相对稳定的点作为测定变形的参考点。Eachindependentobservationnetshouldsetnolessthan3steadydatummarks,andthespacebetweendatummarksshouldbewithin1km.Thedatummarksshouldbesetoutofdeformationscope,whichiseasytolongtermkeep.Whenusing,shouldcheckthestability,andmakethestableorcomparativelystablepointsasthereferentpointsformeasuringdeformation.工作基点应选在比较稳定的位置。对观测条件较好或观测项目较少的工程,可不设立工作基点,在基准点上直接测量变形观测点;Workbasicpointsshouldbesetatastableplace.Fortheengineeringwhichhasbetterobservationconditionsandlessobservationprojectscandirectlymeasuredeformationobservationpointsatdatummarks,withoutsettingworkbasicpoints.(3)变形观测点应设立在变形体上能反映变形特征的位置。Deformationobservationpointsshouldbesetataplacewhichcanreflectdeformationcharacters.每次观测前,对所使用的仪器和设备,应进行检验校正,并保留检验记录.Beforeobservation,checkandrevisetheinstrumentandfacility,andsavethecheckingrecord.在沉降观测基准网建立后,应对水准基点做好保护工作,发现丢桩或桩位有移动现象,应尽快恢复和补测桩点。另外,应定期对沉降观测基准网进行复测,提出复测成果,复测周期不大于6个月。Afterestablishingsettlementobservationnormnet,shouldprotectwelllevelbasicpoints.Iffindpiermissingormoved,shouldrecoverandmeasureitassoonaspossible.What’smore,shouldregularlyremeasuresettlementobservationnormnetandraiseremeasuringresults.Theremeasuringperiodshouldbenomorethan6months.应使用精度不低于DSZ1的自动安平水准仪或DS1的气泡式水准仪,水准标尺应采用与之配套的带有两排分划的线条式铟瓦合金标尺,水准仪和水准标尺各项技术指标应符合《国家一、二等水准测量规范》(GB12879－91)有关规定,在沉降观测前和沉降观测过程中的规定时间段应对仪器和标尺进行检定。Shouldusetheautomaticlevel,precisionofwhichisnolessthanDSZ1,orusethebubblelevelDS1.Thelevelrodshouldusetworowsindiumalloystaffgauge.EverytechnicalcriteriaofwaterlevelandlevelrodshouldaccordwithNationalFirstandSecondLevelMeasureRegulations(GB12879－91),facilitiesandrodsshouldbecheckedbeforesettlementobservationandatthespecifiedslotofsettlementobservation.沉降观测置镜点、观测路线、观测人员、观测设备一般应固定,在成像清晰稳定的条件下进行观测,不得在日出后及日出前约半小时及其它不宜观测的天气情况下作业;作业中应经常对水准仪及水准尺的水准器和i角进行检查;在同一测站观测时,不得两次调焦,以确保观测成果的质量。Mirrorplaceofsettlementobservation,observationroutes,observers,observationfacilitiesshouldbefixed.Observeundertheclearandstableimagingcondition,don’taftersunrise,halfanhourbeforesunrise,andotherweatherwhichisn’tgoodforobservation;shouldfrequentlyexamineleveltubeandiangleoflevelinstrumentandlevelrod;inordertomakesurethequalityofobservationresultsdon’tfocustwotimesatthesameobservationstation.每一项目的工程变形测量任务完成以后要及时进行测量成果整理,应提交下列综合成果资料:Afterfinishingengineeringdeformationmeasureofeachproject,clearuptheresultsintime,andhandinthefollowingdataofintegratedresults:(1)施测方案与技术设计书;measureschemeandtechniquedesign(2)控制点与观测点平面布置图;layoutplanofreferencepointsandobservationpoints(3)标石、标志规格及埋设图;markstone,markstandard,andembeddeddrawing(4)仪器检验与校正资料;checkfacilitiesandrevisedata(5)观测记录手簿;observationrecordnotebook(6)平差计算及测量成果表;balancecalculationandmeasureresultslist(7)变形过程和变形分布图表;deformationprocessandlayoutplan(8)变形分析成果资料;dataofdeformationanalysisresults(9)变形测量技术报告。deformationmeasurementtechniquereport路基subgrade(一)一般规定generalregulation观测的目的是经过沉降观测,利用沉降观测资料分析、预测工后沉降,提出加速路基沉降的措施,确定无碴轨道的铺设时间,评估路基工后沉降控制效果,确保无碴轨道结构的安全。Thepurposeoftheobservationisaftersettlementobserved,usedthesettlementobservationdatatoanalyzeandforecasttheafterworksettlement,putforwardthemeasure,whichincreasethesubgradesettlement,ensuretheslabtrackinstalledtime,estimatethesubgradeafterworksettlementcontroleffectandensuretheslabtrackstructuresafety.路基上无碴轨道铺设前,应对路基变形作系统的评估,确认路基的工后沉降和变形满足无碴轨道铺设要求。Beforeinstalltheslabtrack,itshallsystemicassessthesubgradedeformationtoaffirmthesubgradeafterworksettlementanddeformationcansatisfytheslabtrackinstallationrequirement.路基填筑完成或施加预压荷载后应有不少于6个月的观测和调整期。观测数据不足以评估或工后沉降评估不能满足设计要求时,应延长观测或采取必要的加速或控制沉降的措施。Afterfinishedfillingorpreloading,itshallhavemorethan6monthsobservationandadjustmentperiod.Whentheobserveddataisnotsufficienttoassessthesettlementortheafterworksettlementcannotsatisfythedesignrequirement,itshallbeextendedtheobservationtimeoradoptedthenecessarymeasuretoincreaseorcontrolthesettlement.观测期内,路基沉降实测值超过设计值20％及以上时,应及时查明原因,必要时进行地质复查,并根据实测结果调整计算参数,对设计预测沉降进行修正或采取沉降控制措施。Intheobservationperiod,whentheactualmeasuredsettlementexceedmorethan20%ofthedesignvalue,itshallclarifythereason,whennecessaryitshallrecheckthegeology,andaccordingtotheactualmeasuredresulttoadjustthecalculationparameter,modifyoradoptthesettlementcontrolmeasureforthedesignforecastsettlement.评估时发现异常现象或对原始记录资料存在疑问,要进行必要的检查。Whenassess,ifitwillappeartheabnormalappearanceorexistthedoubtfortheoriginalrecorderdata,itshallbechecked.(二)观测的内容thecontentoftheobservation路基沉降观测应以路基面沉降和地基沉降观测为主。Thesubgradesettlementobservationshallmainlyobservethesubgradesurfacesettlementandfoundationsettlement路堑沉降观测部位为基床表层的底面处。Thecuttingsettlementobservationpartisthebottomsurfaceofthebeddingsurfacelayer.路堤沉降是由路堤本体和地基组成,为了观测到路堤的沉降与时间的关系,及沉降主要产生的部位,一般路堤观测的内容应为:基床底层顶面的路基总沉降和地基面处地基部分总沉降。Theembankmentsettlementiscausedbyembankmentandthefoundation.Toobservetherelationshipbetweenthesettlementandtimeoftheembankmentandthemainpartthatcausedthesettlement,generallytheembankmentobservationcontentis:thesubgradetotalsettlementofthebeddingbottomlayersurfaceandthefoundationparttotalsettlementofthefoundationsurface.对于地基条件复杂和填土高度大的路堤,还包括如下内容:路堤中部的沉降观测;地基处理范围的下限处地基深部的沉降观测。Fortheembankmentthatthefoundationconditionismorecomplexandthefillingishigher,itshallbealsocontainedthefollowingcontent:thesettlementobservationinthemiddlepartoftheembankment;inthefoundationtreatmentrangethelowerlimitpart,thesettlementobservationofthefoundationdepth.(三)观测断面和观测点的布置settheobservationcrosssectionandobservationpoint1、观测断面布置settheobservationcrosssection路基沉降观测断面的设置及观测断面的观测内容应根据地形地质条件、地基处理方法、路堤高度、堆载预压等具体情况,结合沉降预测方法和工期要求具体确定。

Thesetupofsubgradesettlementobservationcrosssectionandtheobservationcontentoftheobservationcrosssectionshallfollowthelandformandgeologicalcondition,foundationtreatmentmethod,heightoftheembankment,preloadingetc,andcombinewiththesettlementforecastingmethodandtheworktimerequirementtodetermine.沉降观测断面的间距一般不应大于50m。地形、地质条件变化较大地段应适当加密(以设计文件为准),应不大于25m布设一个断面。

Generally,thedistancebetweentheobservationcrosssectionsisnolargerthan50m,ifthefoundationconditioniscomplex,thelandformischangedalot(thedesigndocumentasastandard)itshallbeincreased,every25mitshallbesetonecrosssection.一个沉降观测单元(连续路基沉降观测区段为一单元)应不少于2个观测断面。

Inonesettlementobservationunit(continuoussubgradesettlementobservationsectionisoneunit),itisnolessthan2observationcrosssections.2、观测点布置settheobservationpoint沉降观测可在线路两侧地基、路肩和线路中心设置观测桩;在地基和基床底层的顶面设置剖面沉降管,或在线路中心设置沉降板。

Thesettlementobservationcanbesetonthefoundation,shoulderatthetwosidesofthelineandinthecenterofthelineitcanbesettheobservationpile.Onthesurfaceofthefoundationandthebeddingbottomlayeritshallbesettheprofilesettlementpipe,orinthecenterofthelineshallbesetthesettlementboard.对于路堤观测断面,在线路中心线布设一组沉降板,路肩两侧布设变形观测桩。对地形横向坡度大或地层横向厚度变化的路基工点应布设不少于1个横向观测断面,每个断面3组观测点。

Itshallbesetonegroupsettlementboardonthealignmentcenterlinefortheembankmentobservationcrosssection,onthetwosidesoftheshoulderitshallbesetthedeformationobservationpile.Forthesubgradeworkareathatthelandformcrossdirectiongradientislargerorthestratumcrossdirectionthicknesschanged,itshallbesetmorethan1crossobservationsection,everycrosssectionshallcontain3groupobservationpoints.有预压土路堑地段,每个路堑断面在线路中心设沉降板一组,两侧路肩各设观测桩1个。无预压土路堑地段,每个路堑断面在两侧路肩各设观测桩1个。

Forthecuttingsectionthathavethepreloading,everycuttingcrosssectionshallbesetonegroupcombinedtypesettlementboardinthecenterofthealignment,onthetwosidesoftheshoulderitshallbesetoneobservationpileseparately.forthecuttingsectionsthatnopreloading,everycuttingcrosssectionshallbesetoneobservationpileseparatelyonthetwosidesoftheshoulder.组合式沉降板对于减少路基填筑的施工干扰有优势,能够在郑西客运专线试验使用。实施前应制定操作细则、做好培训。组合式沉降板路基沉降观测方法见附件一。

Thecombinationformsettlementboardhastheadvantagetoreducethesubgradefillingconstructioninfluence,itcanbetestedusedforZheng-XiPDL.Beforeperformed,itshallsettheoperationdetailedprinciples,andpreparethetraining.Thecombinationformsettlementboardsubgradesettlementobservationmethodseestheattachment1.图1路堤沉降观测断面观测标志布置示意图Drawing1thedrawingofembankmentsettlementobservationcrosssectionembeddedthemark图2路堑沉降观测断面观测标志布置示意图Drawing2thedrawingforcuttingsettlementobservationcrosssectionsetthemark沉降观测的频度thefrequencyofthesettlementobservation沉降观测分为四阶段进行,每个阶段的沉降观测的频次应根据沉降的发生与发展规律及沉降大小确定,一般应按照如下观测频度进行。Thesettlementobservationshallbedividedintofourstages,thesettlementobservationfrequencyofeverystageshallbefollowedthesettlementdevelopedregulationandthesettlementdimensionstoensure,generallyitshallbedonefollowthefollowingobservationfrequency.第一阶段:路基填筑施工期间的观测,主要观测路基填土施工期间地基与堤身的沉降变形以及路堤坡脚边桩位移与沉降。本阶段沉降观测应与施工配合,每填筑一层应观测一次;同时应保证不超过3天观测1次。Firststage:theobservationduringthesubgradefillingconstruction,mainlyobservedthefoundationandembankmentsettlementdeformationandthereplacementandsettlementofthesidepileonthetoeoftheembankmentslopeduringthesubgradefillingconstructionperiod.Forthisstage,thesettlementobservationshallbecooperatedwiththeconstruction,whenfilledonelayeritshallbeobservedonce,atthesametime,itshallbeobservedoncein3d.第二阶段:路基填筑施工完成且预压土方施加后,自然沉落期的沉降观测,该阶段应对路基基床底层顶面的沉降及路基基底沉降进行系统的观测,直到工后沉降评估可满足铺设无碴轨道的要求为止。本阶段的沉降观测频度为:第1～15天每3天一次,第16～90天每7天一次,第90～180天每15天一次。Secondstage:afterfinishedsubgradefillingconstructionandpreloading,thesettlementobservationforthenaturalsettlementperiod,forthisstageitshallbeobservedthesurfacesettlementofthesubgradethetopofbeddingbottomlayerandthesubgradefoundationbottomsettlementuntiltheafterworksettlementevaluationcansatisfyinstalledtheslabtrackrequirement.Thesettlementobservationfrequencyis:forthefirst1-15d,every3donce,the16th-90d,every7donce,the90th-180devery15donce.第三阶段:预压土方卸载、铺设基床表层(级配碎石层)、无碴轨道铺设期间及正式运营前的观测。本阶段的沉降观测频度为:前15天每3天一次,第15天后每7天一次。Thirdstage:theobservationforunloadthepreloading,pavethebeddingsurfacelayer(gradatedcrushedstonelayer),installtheslabtrackperiodandbeforeofficiallyoperation.Thesettlementobservationfrequencyis:forthefirst15devery3donce,forthelast15devery7donce.第四阶段:试运营期间的观测(对于需进行运营期进行沉降观测的路基)。本阶段的沉降观测主要进行路基面观测桩的观测,一般每月1次,必要时进行路基本体沉降及地基土沉降的观测。Forthstage:theobservationforthetestoperationperiod(forthesubgradethatneedtobeobservedthesettlementduringtheoperationperiod).Thesettlementobservationmainlyobservedthesubgradesurfaceobservationpile,generallyeverymonthonce,ifitisnecessaryitshallbeobservedsubgradesettlementandthefoundationsoilsettlement.实际工作进行时,观测时间的间隔还要看地基的沉降值和沉降速率,两次连续观测的沉降差值大于4mm时应加密观测频次。当出现沉降突变、地下水变化及降雨等外部环境变化时应增加观测频次。Whendotheactualwork,theobservedtimeandintervalneedtoconcernaboutthesettlementvalueandsettlementspeed,whenthesettlementdifferentvalueoftwicecontinuouslyobservationismorethan4mm,itshallbeincreasedtheobservationfrequency.Whentheoutsideenvironmentchangede.g.thesettlementsuddenlychangedalot,thegroundwaterchangedandtherainfalletc.itshallincreasetheobservationfrequency.观测精度要求therequirementoftheobservationaccuracy沉降水准的测量精度为±1mm,读数取位至0.1mm;剖面沉降的测量精度为8mm/30m。Thesurveyaccuracyofthesettlementwaterlevelis±1mm,thereadingaccuracyis0.1mm,andthesurveyaccuracyoftheprofilesettlementis8mm/30m.沉降观测要求thesettlementobservationrequirement为达到路基沉降观测的目的,建立沉降与时间的关系,了解产生沉降的部位,沉降观测应考虑如下要求。Toachievethesubgradesettlementobservationpropose,itshallbecreatedthesettlement-timerelationshiptoknowwhichpartcausedthesettlement.Thesettlementobservationshallbeconsideredthefollowingrequirement.为了观测到各部位的总沉降,从路基填土开始,沉降观测也随即进行。

Toobservetotalsettlementofeverypart,itshallbestartedfromthesubgradefillingandtogetherwiththesettlementobservation.沉降标志的埋设是在施工过程中进行的,施工单位的填筑施工要与标志的埋设作好协调,做到互不干扰、影响。路堤的填筑进度要及时告知负责埋设沉降板的人员,避免错过最佳埋设机会。观测设施的埋设及沉降观测工作应按本方案所要求,不能影响路基填筑质量的均匀性。

Thesettlementmarkshallbeembeddedduringtheconstructionprocedure,thecontractorshallcooperatethefillingconstructionwiththemarkembeddedandnoninterferenceandnoinfluence.Therateprogressoftheembankmentfillingshallbeinformedtothepersonwhoresponsibleforembedsthecombinedtypesettlementboardintimetoavoidlossestheoptimizedembeddedtime.Theobservationequipmentembeddedandthesettlementobservationworkshallbefollowedthisschemerequirement,andcannotinfluencethesubgradefillingqualityuniformity.在沉降板埋设基本不影响施工的条件下,路基的施工应作到碾压的均匀性,质量的一致性,使沉降观测资料具有良好的代表性。

Undertheconditionthatthesettlementequipmentembeddedbasicallycannotinfluencetheconstruction,thesubgradeconstructionshallberolleduniformity,thequalityisconsistency,andthesettlementobservationdatahavethewellrepresentative.4．为了分析施工期沉降和工后沉降、施工期沉降与总沉降的关系以及验证推算工后沉降方法的准确性,对部分有代表性路基(暂定工程试验段),进行运营期间的长期沉降观测,以期得到最终沉降量。

Toanalyzethesettlementandafterworksettlementduringtheconstructionperiod,therelationshipbetweenthesettlementduringtheconstructionperiodandtotalsettlementandverifytheveracityoftheafterworksettlementmethod,itshallbeobservedthesettlementduringtheoperationtimeforlongtimeforparttypicalsubgrade(temporarydeterminedthetestsection)thengetthefinalsettlement.评估方法和判定标准assessmentmethodanddeterminationstandard1、观测资料整理summarizedtheobservationdata采用统一的《郑西客运专线路基沉降观测记录表》(见附表)做好观测数据的记录与整理。

ItshallbeusedtheuniformZheng-XiPDLsubgradesettlementobservationrecordingtable(seetheattachedtable)torecordandcoordinatetheobservationdata.根据观测资料,及时完成有关图表的绘制,主要包括:accordingtotheobservationdata,itshallbefinishedthediagramintime,mainlycontained:每个观测标志点的荷载——时间——沉降曲线;

theload-time-settlementcurveforeveryobservationsymbolpoint产生沉降的各层压缩量与时间的关系曲线,即每层的时间——荷载——压缩量曲线。

Foreverylayerthatcaused,thesettlementcompressionvalue-timerelationshipcurve,thatmeanseverylayertime-load-compressioncurve.绘制每个观测标志点的——曲线

the——curveofeveryobservationsymbolpoint图4——曲线(为横坐标,纵坐标)Drawing4——curve(istheabscissa,istheverticalcoordinate)sn为时间段每n天的沉降值,为时间段每n天沉降值的累计值,在同一图上绘有沉降标准曲线,曲线示意如图4。snisthetimesectionthatmeanseveryndaysthesettlement,isthetimesectionthatmeanseveryndaysthesettlementaccumulatedvalue),inthesamedrawingitshallbedrawnthesettlementstandardcurve,thecurveseethedrawing4.对沉降观测资料及时分析,特别是在预压期,应对路基沉降的发展趋势进行分析,分析意见及时报郑西公司和咨询项目部,以便在必要时采取补救措施。

thesettlementobservationdatashallbeanalyzedintime,especiallyforthepreloadingperiod,itshallbeanalyzedthesubgradesettlementdevelopedtrend,thecommentsshallbedeliveredtotheZheng-XiCompanyandconsultancydepartment,whennecessaryitcanbeusedtheremediationtreatmentforthepreloading2、路基评估工作应根据下列资料综合分析:thesubgradeassessmentshallfollowthefollowingdatatoanalyze:路基沉降观测资料。Thesubgradesettlementobservationdata路基地段的线路设计纵断面图、工程地质纵横断面图、设计图纸和说明书、沉降计算报告(包括不同阶段的设计沉降值与时间的关系曲线)等相关设计资料。Thelongitudinaldrawingofthesubgradesectionalignment,thegeologicallongitudinalandcrosssectiondrawing,designdrawinganddesigndocument,settlementcalculationreport(containtherelationshipcurvebetweenthedesignedsettlementvalueandtimeofdifferentstage)etcrelevantdesigndata.施工过程、施工核查以及填料、级配、地基和压实检验情况等施工资料。Constructionprocedure,constructioncheckandfilling,gradated,foundationandcompactioninspectionsituationetcconstructiondata.施工质量控制过程和抽检情况等监理资料。Constructionqualitycontrolprocedureandsampleinspectionsituationetcsupervisiondata.3、评估分析方法evaluationanalysismethod路基沉降预测应采用曲线回归法,常见方法有:双曲线法、固结度对数配合法(三点法)、抛物线法、指数曲线法、修正指数曲线法、沉降速率法、星野法、泊松曲线法等曲线拟合方法推算工后沉降(详见附件二《路基沉降常见预测方法》)。黄土地区沉降曲线适合用何种方法推算工后沉降,需要在路基沉降预测时具体分析研究。

thesubgradesettlementforecastshallbeusedcurvilinearregressionmethod,generallymethodsare:hyperboliccurvemethod,consolidationlogarithmiccooperationmethod(three-pointmethod),parabolicmethod,exponentcurvemethod,modifiedexponentcurvemethod,settlementspeedmethod,Xingyemethod,Poissoncurvemethodetccurvefittingmethodtoestimatetheafterworksettlement(seetheattachedSubgradeSettlementGeneralForecastMethod).Fortheloessarea,whichmethodshallbeusedforestimatetheafterworksettlement,whenforecastthesubgradesettlementitneedtoanalyzeandresearch.路基沉降预测曲线回归法应满足以下要求:thesubgradesettlementforecastcurvilinearregressionmethodshallsatisfythefollowingrequirement:根据路基填筑完成或堆载预压后不少于3个月的实际观测数据作多种曲线的回归分析,确定沉降变形的趋势,曲线回归的相关系数不应低于0.92;Accordingtothemorethan3monthsactualobserveddataaftersubgradefilledorpreloading,itcandothecurvilinearregressionanalysisofmanykindsofcurvestoensurethesettlementdeformationtrend.Therelatedcoefficientofthecurvilinearregressionisnolessthan0.92.沉降预测的可靠性应经过验证,间隔不少于3个月的两次预测最终沉降的差值不应大于8mm;Thereliabilityofthesettlementforecastshallbechecked,thedifferentvalueofthetwotimes,whichtheintervalismorethan3months,forecastedthefinalsettlementcannotlargerthan8mm.路基填筑完成或堆载预压后,最终的沉降预测时间应满足下列条件:

afterfinishedthesubgradefilledorpreloading,thefinalsettlementforecastedtimeshallsatisfythefollowingcondition:s(t)/s(t=∞)≥75%式中s(t)——预测时的沉降观测值;whenforecast,thisisthesettlementobservedvalues(t=∞)——预测的最终沉降值。Theforecastedfinalsettlementvalue注:沉降和时间以路基填筑完成或堆载预压后为起始点。Remark:forthesettlementandtime,afterthesubgradefilledorpreloadingasthestartpoint.设计沉降计算总沉降量与经过实测资料预测的总沉降量之差值不宜大于10mm。

thedifferencebetweenthedesignedsettlementcalculatedtotalsettlementandforecastedtotalsettlementthatusedtheactualmeasureddataisunadvisablelargerthan10mm.路基填筑完成或施加预压荷载后应有不少于6个月的观测和调整期,持续沉降观测不少于6个月的时间,根据这6个月以上的监测数据,绘制”时间-沉降量"曲线,按实测沉降数据推算分析并推算总沉降量、工后沉降值,初步确定铺轨时间。观测数据不足以评估或工后沉降评估不能满足设计要求时,应继续观测或采取必要的加速或控制沉降的措施。

Afterfilledthesubgradeorpreloading,itshallhavemorethan6monthsobservationandadjustmentperiod,thecontinuouslysettlementobservationismorethan6months.Accordingtotheobservationdataupto6months,itshallbedrawnthetime-settlementcurve.Accordingtotheactualsettlementdataanalysistocalculatethetotalsettlement,afterworksettlement,anditshallbeprimarilydeterminedthetimetoinstalltheslabtrack.Whentheobserveddataisnotsufficienttoassessortheafterworksettlementcannotsatisfythedesignrequirement,itshallcontinuouslyobserveoradoptmeasuretoincreaseorcontrolthesettlement在3个月后进行第一次预测,根据3个月的监测数据,绘制”时间-沉降量"曲线,按实测沉降数据初步预测6月的沉降量及剩余沉降量,以决定运架梁的时间。

After3monthsitshallbeforecastedforthefirsttime.Accordingtothe3monthssupervisiondata,itshallbedrawnthetime-settlementcurve,accordingtotheactualsettlementdata,itshallbeprimaryforecastedthe6monthssettlementandtheresidentialsettlementtodeterminethetimeforlaunchinggirder.Itisallowedtoimprovetheforecastaccordingtothefarthersettlementobservationdata.当推算的工后沉降值满足评估标准时,才能铺设无碴轨道。当沉降分析结果表明无碴轨道不能在计划的工期铺设时,则要研究确定是延长路基摆放时间,还是采取调整预压土高度、调整预压土卸荷时间、增加地基加固等工程措施。

whenthecalculatedafterworksettlementcansatisfytheassessmentstandard,itcanbeinstalledtheslabtrack.Whenthesettlementanalysisresultshownthattheslabtrackcannotbeinstalledintheplannedworktime,itshalldiscusstoensurewhetherextendthesubgradepreloadingtimeoradjusttheheightofpreloading,adjusttheunloadingtime,increasethefoundationtreatmentetc.measures.3、评估标准theevaluationstandard根据实测沉降观测资料推算的路基工后沉降量不超过扣件允许的沉降调高量15mm;

accordingtotheactualsettlementobservationdata,thatcalculatedthesubgradeafterworksettlementisnotexceedthefastenerallowedsettlementadjustedvalue15mm.沉降比较均匀的路基,推算最大工后沉降量不超过30mm,而且调整轨面高程后圆顺的竖曲线半径应不小于(为设计最高速度,km/h);

forthesubgradethatthesettlementismoreuniform,thecalculatedmaximumafterworksettlementcannotexceed30mm,andalsoafteradjustedtherailelevationthesmoothlyverticalradiusisnolessthan0.4(isthedesignedmaximumspeed,km/h)路桥或路隧交界处的差异沉降不应大于5mm,过渡段沉降造成的路基与桥梁或隧道的折角不应大于1/1000。Thedifferentiasettlementofthesubgrade-bridgeorsubgrade-tunnelislessthan5mm,thesubgrade-bridgeorsubgrade-tunnelanglecausedbythetransitionsectionsettlementislessthan1/1000桥梁Bridge一般规定Generalrequirement无碴轨道铺设前,应对桥涵变形作系统的评估,确认桥涵基础沉降和梁体长期变形等符合设计要求。Beforeconstructingslabtrack,systemicevaluationmustbecarriedoutonstructuredeformationtoconfirmthatstructurefoundationsettlementandlong-termdeformationofsuperstructurecansatisfydesignrequirements.经过各施工阶段对墩台沉降的观测,验证和校核设计理论、设计计算方法,并根据沉降资料的分析预测总沉降和工后沉降量,进而确定桥梁工后沉降是否满足铺设无碴轨道要求。Byobservingsettlementforeachconstructionstageonpiersandabutment,toverifyandcheckdesignprinciple,designcalculationmethod,andaccordingtothesettlementobservationdocumentstoanalyzetheforecastedtotalsettlementandtheamountofafter-worksettlement,thentomakesurethatiftheafter-worksettlementcansatisfytherequirementofdesign.根据沉降资料分析,对沉降量可能超标的墩台研究对策,提出改进措施,以保证桥梁工程的安全;同时积累实体桥梁工程的沉降观测资料,为完善桩基础沉降分析方法作技术储备。Accordingtosettlementobservationdocumenttocarryoutanalysis,forabutmentandpierswithhighervaluemaybeexceedrequirement,shalltakestudy,andputoutimprovingmeasuretoguaranteethesafetyofbridgestructure;atthesametimetoaccumulatetheactualbridgessettlementobservationdocuments,tomakethetechnologybaseforcompletinganalysismethodonpilefoundationsettlementobservation.桥涵主体工程完工后,沉降观测期一般应不少于6个月;岩石地基等良好地质区段的桥梁,沉降观测期应不少于2个月。观测数据不足或工后沉降评估不能满足设计要求时,应适当延长观测期。Afterfinishingmainstructureofbridge&culvert,periodofsettlementmonitoringshallnotbelessthan6months;forbridgesinareawithgoodgeologicalconditionlikerocklayers,thesettlementmonitoringperiodshallnotbelessthan2months.Whenthemonitoringdataisnotsufficientorevaluationofsettlementafter-workcannotsatisfydesi