JIS D 4413-2005 英文版 汽车零部件 制动衬片和衬垫 压缩应力试验方法

JAPANESESTANDARDPROTECTEDBYCOPYRIGHTD4413:2005ForewordThistranslationhasbeenmadebasedontheoriginalJapaneseIndustrialStandardrevisedbytheMinisterofEconomy,TradeandIndustrythroughdeliberationsattheJapaneseIndustrialStandardsCommitteeastheresultofproposalforrevisionofJapaneseIndustrialStandardssubmittedbySoci-etyofAutomotiveEngineersofJapan(JSAE)/JapaneseStandardsAssocia-tion(JSA)withthedraftbeingattached,basedontheprovisionofArticle12Clause1oftheIndustrialStandardizationLawapplicabletothecaseofrevisionbytheprovisionofArticle14.ConsequentlyJISD4413:1998isreplacedwiththisStandard.ThisrevisionhasbeenmadebasedonISO6310:2001Roadvehicles—Brakelinings—CompressivestraintestmethodforthepurposeofmakingiteasiertocomparethisStandardwithInternationalStandard;toprepareJapaneseIndustrialStandardconformingwithInternationalStandard;andtoproposeadraftofanInternationalStandardwhichisbasedonJapaneseIndustrialStandard.AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomepartsofthisStandardmayconflictwithapatentright,applicationforapatentafteropeningtothepublic,utilitymodelrightorapplicationforregistrationofutilitymodelafteropeningtothepublicwhichhavetechnicalproperties.TherelevantMinisterandtheJapaneseIndustrialStandardsCommitteearenotresponsibleforidentifyingthepatentright,applicationforapatentafteropeningtothepublic,utilitymodelrightorapplicationforregistrationofutilitymodelafteropeningtothepublicwhichhavethesaidtechnicalproperties.DateofEstablishment:1986-08-01DateofRevision:2005-03-20DateofPublicNoticeinOfficialGazette:2005-03-22Investigatedby:JapaneseIndustrialStandardsCommitteeStandardsBoardTechnicalCommitteeonRoadVehiclesTranslatedandpublishedby:JapaneseStandardsAssociation4-1-24,Akasaka,Minato-ku,Tokyo,107-8440JAPANIntheeventofanydoubtsarisingastothecontents,theoriginalJISistobethefinalauthority.Allrightsreserved.Unlessotherwisespecified,nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedorD4413:2005ContentsPageIntroduction 1 12Normativereference 13Termsanddefinitions 14Symbolsandunits 25Principle 26Testequipment 27Test-rigspecifications 3 37.2Hotplate 37.3Loadingram 3 49Procedures 49.1General 49.2Testcycle 410Test-devicedeflectioncompensation 5 5Annex1(informative)Testproceduresofcompressibilityfordiscbrakepadsofautomobiles,notinaccordancewithISO6310 Annex2(informative)ComparisontablebetweenJISandcorrespondingInternationalStandard 16JAPANESEINDUSTRIALSTANDARDJISD4413:2005—CompressivestraintestmethodIntroductionThisJapaneseIndustrialStandardhasbeenpreparedbasedonthesecondeditionofISO6310Roadvehicles—Brakelinings—Compressivestraintestmethodpublishedin2001withsomemodificationsofthetechnicalcontents.Annex1(informative)ofthisStandardcontainstheconventionalJIStestmethodwhichhasbeensubjectedtoareviewandmodificationbasedonthesaidISOstandard.TheportionsgivensidelinesordottedunderlinesarethemattersinwhichthecontentsoftheoriginalInternationalStandardhavebeenmodified.Alistofmodifi-cationswiththeexplanationsisgiveninAnnex2(informative).1ScopeThisStandardspecifiesamethodfortestandmeasurementofthecompressivestrainofbrakeliningswhichisapplicabletoroad-vehicledisc-brakepadassemblies,drum-brakeshoeassembliesandfrictionmaterialswithoutabackingplate.Remarks:TheInternationalStandardcorrespondingtothisStandardisasfollows.Inaddition,symbolswhichdenotethedegreeofcorrespondenceinthecontentsbetweentherelevantInternationalStandardandJISareIDT(identical),MOD(modified),NEQ(notequivalent)accordingtoISO/IECGuide21.ISO6310:2001Roadvehicles—Brakelinings—Compressivestraintestmethod(MOD)2NormativereferenceThefollowingstandardcontainsprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsofthisStandard.Themostrecenteditionofthestandard(includingamendments)indicatedbelowshallbeapplied.JISD0106Roadvehicles—Braketypes,brakingmechanicsandbraheoperation—Remarks:ISO611Roadvehicles—Brakingofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers—Vocabularyisequivalenttothesaidstandard.3TermsanddefinitionsForthepurposesofthisStandard,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninJISD0106andthefollowingapply.3.1compressivestraineratioofthereductioninthicknessofthebrakelining,duetocompressiveforcesandtemperatures,toitsinitialthickness(measuredinthedirectionoftheapplicationforce,perpendiculartothefrictionsurface)24413:2005i一x一n一一E一℃℃5PrincipleEitheroftwoproceduresmaybeusedforapplyingthexpressedinb)pressureequivalenttohydrauliclinepressuresactingsystem(procedureB),expressedinbar(2).ProcedureBisnormallyusedwhenthebrakingsystemTestresultsfromprocedureAandprocedureBshouldnotNote(2)1bar=0.1MPa=10⁵Pa,1MPa=1N/mm²6TestequipmentThetestequipmena)ram(ordummy-piston)withamechanisb)platedesignedtogivePROTECTEDBYCOPYRIGHT3D4413:2005c)loadingdeviceabletocompresstheliningbetweentheramandtheplate;d)deviceformeasuring,toaguidelineaccuracyof100N,thecompressiveforcebetweentheplateandtheram;e)gaugeformeasuring,toanaccuracyof0.001mm,thereductioninthicknessofthesampleontheplateandincontactwiththeramnearitscentreline;f)heatingdeviceforraisingthetemperatureoftheplatetothatspecified(see7.2);g)micrometer.Inaddition,anoptionaldevicecanbeusedformeasuringthetemperatureofthetestsample.7Test-rigspecifications7.1LoadingThemaximumforceshallbethatwhichgivesaliningpressureagainstcounterfaceatthefrictionsurfaceof8MPaforadisc-brakepad,and3MPaforadrum-brakelining(procedureA).Alternatively(procedureB),aforcecorrespondingtoavehiclelinepressureofupto160barintothebrakemaybeapplied.Theloadshallbeincreasedatarateofapproximately(4±0.5)MPa/soratacrossheadspeedof(15±2)mm/minforprocedureA.ForprocedureB,itshallbe increasedat(80±10)bar/s.7.2HotplateForthehottest,t₁onthesurfaceshallbe400℃(butmaybelowerorhigherinspecialcases).7.3LoadingramFordisc-brakepads,thesampleshouldbeapadassemblyorsectionofanassemblyinthecase,forexample,ofacommercial-vehiclepad.Theliningsampleshallbeagreedbetweentherespectiveparties,butsampletypeIorIIcouldbeused(seea)andc]].Thefollowingsubclausesgivetheloading-ramspecificationsforthedifferenttestsampletypes.a)SampletypeI(frictionmaterialwithoutbackingplate)Thefaceoftheramshallbeflatandtheperipheryshallatleastcircumscribetheperipheryofthesample(seeattachedfigure1).b)SampletypeII(disc-brakepadassembly)Undernormalcircumstances,thesurfaceoftheramshallhavethesameform(e.g.solidorannularpiston)andlocationastheactualcontactsurfaceofthepistonorpistonsofthebraketowhichthepadisfitted.However,asmanybasicbrakeconfigurationsexist(fingercallipers,doublepistonsetc.),asinglepistonmaybeusedforthetest.Ifcalculatinginunitareapressure,theactualfrictionmaterialareaincontactwiththematingfaceshallbeused(seeattachedfigure2).c)SampletypeIⅢ(drum-brakeshoeassembly)Theramshallhavethesamecurvatureastheinsidecurvatureoftheshoe.Ideally,foracurvedsample,thearcshouldbeabout40mm,orofasizethatgivesanequalratiooflengthtowidth(seeattachedfigure3).SampletypeIistobepreferredforcaseswherecurvaturecouldinfluencetheresults.PROTECTEDBYCOPYRIGHT4D4413:20058SamplingFivesamplesshouldbemeasuredfortheroomtemperaturetest.Theflatnessofthesampleanditssurfaceroughnessshouldbethesameasthatofnormalproduction;otherwise,thetestresultscouldbeinfluenced.Dependingonthespecificneed,disk-brakepadassemblies(sampletypeII)maybetestedeitherwithorwithoutanti-noiseshimsorrubbercoatings.Thisshallberecordedinthetestreport.Heat-transfermeasurementsmaybetakenwhereneeded(seeattachedfigure4forthelocationofthemeasuringdevice).9Procedure(seeattachedtable1)9.1General9.1.1Usingamicrometer,measurethethicknessofthesampleatfivepoints,asshowninattachedfigure5a).Calculatetheaveragevalueofthethickness,d.Ifthepadsamplecontainsaslot,takethemeasurementsasshowninattachedfigure5b).9.1.2Placethesampleontheheatingplateatroom(ambient)temperature(23±5)℃,withitsfrictionsurfaceagainstthesurfaceoftheplateandwiththeramcorrectlylocatedtosimulaterealconditions.9.2Testcycle9.2.1RoomtemperaturetestPerformthreeloadingandunloadingcycles,startingfromapreloadof0.5MPa(procedureA)or5bar(procedureB),holdingthisfor1sandthenincreasingtothemaximumrequiredpressureatthemaximumloadrate(see7.1.)Carryoutdeflectionmeasurementsbyzeroingthegaugewhileholdingthesampleatpreloadandtakingdisplacementreadings,△d,x,ror,atthemaximumloadxonthefirstandthirdcycles.Onthethirdcycle,thicknessreductionreadings,△di,x,tor,canbetakenontheincreasingpressurephaseat1MPa,2MPaand4MPaforpads,and1.5MPaforlinings.Ifmorethanthreecyclesareperformedthisshallbestatedinthetestreport.9.2.2HottestRemovethesamplefromtheheatingplate.Heattheplatetothestabilizedsurfacetemperatureof(t₁±10)℃Placethesampleontheheatingplateandapplyapreloadof0.5MPa(procedureA)or5bar(procedureB)toensuregoodthermalcontact.Maintaintheloadfor10min±30s.Forheattransfer,recordtemperaturesatthebackingplate,t₂.Performtwocycles,asforthefirstandthirdcyclesof.2.2.6Oncompletingthetest,cooltheequipmenttoambienttemperature.Thetestcycleisillustratedinattachedfigure6.………D4413:2005PROTECTEDBYCOPYRIGHT10Test-devicedeflectioncompensationItisacceptedthatduringcompressivetestingoffrictionmaterialthetestdeviceitselfwillalsodeflect.Thisdeflection,△e,x,shallbecompensated,eithermanuallyorautomatically,inordertodeterminethenetdisplacementofthefriction-materialsample,i,givenbytheequation:Measure△d,xbyloadingtheramwiththepistoninplaceonthebaseplatewithoutasample,butwithahardenedsteelplatetopreventdamagetotheheatingplate,thenreadingthedisplacementgaugeatthedifferentpressuresgiveninclause9.11ReportAspecimentestreportispresentedinattachedtable2.Otherformatsareacceptableprovidedtheyincludeatleastthefollowinginformation:一manufacturedateandreferenceofbrakeliningincludingbatchreference;一typeofsample(typeI,IIorIII),referencetoanyadditionalcoatings,shimsetc;一sizeofthesample(padarea);一numberofsamplesn;一assemblythicknessdinmillimetrestoanaccuracyof0.1mm;—thicknessoffrictionmaterial;一pistonsize(inthecaseofadiscpad);一procedureadopted(AorB);-themeanvalueforcoldcompressivestrainforthensamples(Ex);一themeanvalueforhotcompressivestrainforthensamples(Ex);-loadingmethod(loadrateorcrossheadspeed).2Ram3Testsample4HeatingplateNote*Alargersampleisallowedforfrictionmaterialsforcommercial-vehicledisc-brakepads.AttachedFigure1SampletypeI(frictionmaterialwithoutbackingplate)6D4413:20052Ram3Testsample4HeatingplateAttachedFigure2Sample2Testsample3HeatingplatePROTECTEDBYCOPYRIGHTPROTECTEDBYCOPYRIGHT1Thermocoupletip2Backingplate3FrictionmaterialAttachedFigure4Thermocouplelocationfora)WithoutslotD4413:2005Time(s)a:ReadingstakenatX.AttachedFigure6Compressivestraintestcycle—PadmaterialPROTECTEDBYCOPYRIGHTD4413:2005AttachedTable1TestprocedureflowdiagramSamplepreparationMeasuresamplesCalculatemeanthicknessBProcedureBAorBAPressurerate80bar/sLoadrate4Mpa/sCrossheadspeed15mm/minAmbienttestprocedureNo3CYCLESYesRecorddeflectionYesHottestNoNoSamepadYesChangepadRecordheattransferifrequiredHottest400℃No2CYCLES?RecorddeflectionCalculationofresultsePresentationofresultsPROTECTEDBYCOPYRIGHTD4413:2005AttachedTable2TestparameterrecordandresultssummaryParameterProcedureAProcedureBUnitareapressureMPa(unlessotherwisespccificd)LinepressurebarPreload0.55Loadrate4MPa/s一80bar/sCrossheadspeed(mm/min)一15mm/min一MaximumloadPad8Lining360MeasurementstagesPad20,40,80,160Lining3060No.ofcyclesRoomtemperaturetest333Hottest222SamplesizePadLiningRamtype:Flatsurface:Actualpiston:Testdate:Nameoftester;Referencenumber:Liningmanufacture:Liningreference:Batchidentification:Sampletype:Specialcoatings,shimsetc.:SamplesizeAssemblythicknessd,(mm):Liningthickness(mm):Numberofsamples:Pistonsize:Procedureadopted(AorB):Loadingmethod(loadrateorcrossheadspeed):D4413:2005PROTECTEDBYCOPYRIGHTAttachedTable2(concluded)ParameterProcedureAMPaProcedureBbarCompressivestrainxEexEAmbientfirstandthirdcycles8(3)202404808(3)Hotfirstandsecondcycles8(3)202404808(3)Heattransfermaximumtemperature:Characteristiccurvesattached?(YesorNo):D4413:2005Annex1(informative)TestproceduresofcompressibilitynotinaccordancewithISO6310IntroductionThisAnnexistogivethedescriptionsintheAnnexofJISD4413:1998withsomemodificationsbasedonreviewingandnottoconstitutetheprovisionsofthisStandard.ThetestmethoddescribedbelowistemporarilyretainedintheformofAnnexbecausethecompleteshifttothetestmethodspecifiedinthetextisexpectedtotakesometime.TheusersofthisStandardareadvisedtofollowtheprovisionsofthetextattheearlieststagepossible.1ScopeThisAnnexspecifiesthetestprocedureofcompressibilityfordiscbrakepadstobeusedforservicebrakingofautomobiles(hereafter,referredtoas"pads").2NormativereferenceThefollowingstandardcontainsprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsofthisAnnex.Themostrecenteditionofthestandardindicatedbelowshallbeapplied.JISZ8401Guidetotheroundingofnumbers3DefinitionsForthepurposesofthisAnnex,thefollowingdefinitionapplies:a)compressivestrainamounttheamountofchangeinlength(height)inpressurizingdirectionofsamplecausedbycompressiveload4Apparatusanddevices4.1TestingmachineThetestingmachineshallbeacompressivetestingma-chinewithacrossheadofconstanttravellingspeedtype.4.2CompressivejigThecompressivejigisacomponentwhichappliescompres-sivetoadtothesample.Itshallbeofsuchstructurethatthecentreofupperandlowerpressurizingsurfacesiscoincidentwiththecentrelineofmachineframe,thecompressiveloadisappliedcorrectlytoaxialdirectionthroughtwoflatandsmoothplanesparalleltoeachotherandforcesotherthanthecompressiveloadarenotappliedasfaraspossible(refertoAnnex1attachedfigure1)4.3LoadindicatorTheloadindicatorshallbecapableofindicatingthetotalcompressiveloadappliedtothesampleandbeofsuchstructurethatitcanindicatethevalueofloadwithanaccuracyof±1%oftheindicatingvalueorsuperiorthereto.4.4DeformationindicatorThedeformationindicatoristhedevicetomeasurethedistancebetweentwocompressiveplanesofthecompressivejigatanarbitrarytimeduringthetest.Thisindicatorshallhavescaleintervalsof0.001mmandbeabletorecordthedistancebetweenthecompressiveplanesasthefunctionofloadappliedtothesample.D4413:2005Twoindicatorsshallbeused;oneontherightandoneontheleft.4.5ElectricfurnaceTheelectricfurnaceshallbeahot-aircirculationtypeelec-tricfurnacecapableofkeepingthetemperatureat300℃±10℃.auxiliaryplateTheheatingauxf150mminlength,100mminwidthand20mminthickness.5SampleThesampleshallbeasfollows:a)Itshallbeanormalnewpad.b)Sizeofsampleshallbesubjecttoagreementbetweenthepartiesconcerned.6.1OrdinarytemperaturetestTheordinarytemperaturetestshallbecarriedoutaccordingtothefollowingsequence(refertoAnnex1attachedfigure1).a)Jointogetherthefrictionsurfacesoftwojig(refertoAnnex1attachedfigure2).b)Loadtheinitialmm/min,then,adjustthedeformationindicatortozero.c)Load1MPa,2MPa,andthereafterincreasethepressureby2MPauntilmaximum8MPaofpadsurfacepressureisattainedatapressurizingspeedofabout(1±0.1)mm/min.d)Wheneachpressureisattained,stoppressurizing,andimmediatelyreadoutthedisplacementoflength(height)bymeansofthedeformationindicatororreadoutthecompressivee)Readouteachmeasuredvalueofcompressivestrain(amount)to0.001mm,obtaintheaverageofmeasuredvaluesonrightandleftandroundoffittothreedecimalplacesaccordingf)Returnthepressuretozero.g)Repeatb)tof)furthermore2times.6.2HightemperaturetestThehightemperaturetestshallbecarriedoutac-a)Jointogetherthefrictemperaturetest,placethembetweentheheatingauxiliaryplates,putthemintotheelectricfurnacekeptat300℃±10℃,heatthemfortwohours,takethemoutofthefurnace,beginthetestwithinoneminute,andcarryouttheprocedurinb)tof)of6.1.b)Readouteachmeasuredvalueofcompressivestrain(amount)tothenearest0.001mm,obtaintheaverageofmeasuredvaluesonrightandleftandroundoffittothreedecimalplacesaccordingtoRemarks:Thepressuremeansthperunitarea.d—numberofsamplesn;-assemblythicknessdinmillimetrestoa-deformationamountofcompressivejig—themeanvalue一temperatureandhumidityofthetestlaboratory;Annex1AttachedFigureD4413:2005Annex1AttachedTable1Proceduresofcompressibilitytest123456789Remarks1Readoutthenumericalvaluesofcompressivestrainamounttothenearest0.001mmandroundoffthelastdigitoftheaveragevalue.2Thepressurizingspeedshallbeabout(1±0.1)mm/min.3Formeasurementofcompressivestrainamount,thecompressivestrainamountateachpressuremaybereadoutfromthepressure-compres-sivestrainamountcurve.ComparisontablebetweenJISD4413:2005Automotiveparts—Brakeliningsandbrakepads—Compressivestraintestmethod1SO6310:2001Roadvehicles—Brakelinings—CompressivestraintestmethodnationalStandardnumber(III)RequirementsintionalStandard(IV)ClassificationanddetailsoftechnicaldeviationbetweenJISandtheInternationalStandardbyclauseLocationofdeviation:textIndicationmethod:dottedunderlinesorcontinuoussidelinestechnicaldeviationandfuturemeasuresClauseContentClauseContentbyclauseDetailoftechnicaldeviationBrakeliningsanddiscbrakepadsIdenticaltoJIS一2Norma-tivereferences2Norma-tivereferenceIdenticaltoJIS3Termsanddefi-nitionsCompressivestrain3Termsanddefi-nitionsIdenticaltoJIS4SymbolsandunitsTestsample,testload,samplesize,strain,temperature4SymbolsandunitsIdenticaltoJIS5PrincipleMeasuringmethodProcedureA:UnitareapressureloadProcedureB:BrakeTobespecifiedthatcomparisonbetweenpossible.IdenticaltoJIS一6TestequipmentTestingmachineLoadingdeviceLoadindicatorDeformationindicatorHeatingdevice6TestequipmentIdenticaltoJIS一nationalStandardnumber(III)RequirementsintionalStandard(IV)ClassificationanddetailsoftechnicaldeviationbetweenJISandtheInternationalStandardbyclauseLocationofdeviation:textIndicationmethod:dottedunderlinesorcontinuoussidelines(V)JustificationfortechnicaldeviationandfuturemeasuresClauseContentClauseContentClassificationbyclauseDetailoftechnicaldeviation7Test-rigspecifica-tions7.1Loading7.2Hotplate7.3Loadingrama)SampletypeIb)Samplec)Sample1LoadingmethodsTheloadshallbe7Test-rigspecifica-tions7.1Load-TheloadshallbeMOD/additionJISaddsaconstantcrossheadspeedmeth-odtoprocedureA.Bothtestmethodsaredifferenceincompressivestrainbetweenthecon-rateof4MPa/sorataconstantcrossheadrateof4MPa/s.stantloadincreaseratemethodspecifiedbyISOandtheconstantcross-speedof15mm/min.headspeedmethodspeci-●ProcedureB:TheloadshallbeTheloadshallbedevicesbasedonthecon-increasedatbrakeincreasedatbrakesystemlinepressureof80bar/s.systemlinepressureof80bar/s.usedbyJapanesecom-paniesconcerned.7.2HotIdenticaltoJISplateTheconstantcrosshead7.3Load-IdenticaltoJISspeedmethodwillbeadoptedbyISO15484Aflatramshallcir-Roadvehicles—Brakecumscribetheperipheryofthefrictionsample—ProductdefinitionandassurancewhichwillbeAnnularpistonpublishedi