八年级英语下册阅读理解专项训练题

八年级下学期，英语学习的深度和广度都有了新的拓展，阅读理解作为语言输入和综合能力考查的重点，其重要性不言而喻。它不仅要求同学们掌握扎实的词汇和语法基础，更需要具备快速准确获取信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力。本专项训练旨在通过系统的策略指导与精选练习，帮助同学们有效提升阅读理解的应试技巧与实际应用能力。一、阅读理解解题策略与技巧要攻克阅读理解，除了平时的积累，科学的方法同样关键。以下策略希望能为同学们提供清晰的思路：1.快速阅读，把握主旨（SkimmingforMainIdea）：拿到一篇文章，首先快速浏览全文，注意文章的标题、副标题、段落首尾句以及图表等信息。这一步的目的是在最短时间内了解文章的主题（Topic）、主要内容（MainIdea）以及作者的基本态度或意图。不要纠结于个别生词或细节。2.带着问题，定位信息（ScanningforSpecificInformation）：在了解主旨后，仔细阅读题目。明确每个问题问的是什么，带着问题回到原文中去“扫描”相关的段落和句子，进行信息定位。大多数细节理解题都能通过这种方式找到直接或间接的答案。注意题目中的关键词（KeyWords），如人名、地名、数字、名词、动词等，它们是定位的重要线索。3.精读细节，理解句意（IntensiveReadingforDetails）：对于找到的关键信息句，需要进行仔细阅读，确保准确理解其含义。注意句子的结构，特别是长难句的分析，找出主谓宾等核心成分。同时，要关注上下文语境，很多时候，一个词或一句话的意思需要结合其前后文才能准确把握。4.逻辑推理，合理判断（MakingInferencesandJudgments）：有些题目并非能直接从原文找到答案，需要根据文章提供的信息进行逻辑推理和判断。这包括推断作者的隐含意思、预测下文内容、判断人物性格或事件因果等。推理时要基于原文，不能主观臆断，要做到有理有据。5.词义猜测，攻克难关（GuessingWordMeanings）：阅读中遇到生词是正常现象。不要一遇到生词就查字典，可以尝试通过上下文语境、构词法（如前缀、后缀、词根）、同义或反义关系、举例说明等方法来猜测词义。这不仅能提高阅读速度，也是一项重要的阅读技能。6.理解作者意图与观点（UnderstandingAuthor'sPurposeandAttitude）：作者写一篇文章通常有其特定的目的，如告知信息、说服读者、娱乐读者或表达某种情感。要注意文中表达感情色彩的形容词、副词以及转折连词（如but,however,yet等），它们往往能揭示作者的态度是肯定、否定、中立还是批判。二、专项训练题（一）Passage1ASpecialBirthdayEmilyhadbeenlookingforwardtoherthirteenthbirthdayforweeks.Shewasn’texcitedaboutthepresentsorthecake,thoughthosewouldbenice.Whatshereallywantedwasadog.Herparentshadalwayssaidnobecausetheythoughtshewastooyoungandtheydidn’thaveenoughtimetotakecareofit.Butthisyear,Emilyhadaplan.Shehadbeendoingextrachoresaroundthehouseformonths,savingherpocketmoney,andresearchingdifferentdogbreedsonline.SheevenmadeaPowerPointpresentationexplainingwhyshewasresponsibleenoughforadog.Onthemorningofherbirthday,Emilywokeupearly.Sherandownstairs,hopingtoseeafurryfriendwaitingforher.Instead,therewasalargegiftwrappedinpinkpaperonthekitchentable.Herheartsankalittle.“Happybirthday,Emily!”herparentscheered.Emilytriedtosmileassheunwrappedthegift.Itwasabeautifulnewbike.Itwasexactlytheoneshe’dadmiredintheshopwindow.“Thankyou,”shesaid,buthervoicedidn’tsoundashappyasshewanteditto.Herparentsexchangedalook.“Wehaveanothersurpriseforyou,”herdadsaid,grinning.Heopenedthebackdoor.There,sittingontheporch,wasasmallgoldenretrieverpuppywithabigredbowarounditsneck.Emilygasped.Shecouldn’tbelievehereyes.“Is…ishemine?”sheasked,tearsofjoyinhereyes.“Heis,”hermomsaid.“Wesawhowhardyouworkedandhowresponsibleyou’vebeen.You’veearnedhim.”Emilyranoutsideandhuggedthepuppytightly.It舔了舔(licked)herface,makingherlaugh.Thiswasdefinitelythebestbirthdayever.Questions:1.WhatdidEmilymostwantforherthirteenthbirthday?A.Anewbike.B.Adog.C.Abigcake.D.Pocketmoney.2.WhyhadEmily'sparentsalwayssaidnotoadogbefore?A.Theydidn'tlikedogs.B.Adogwastooexpensive.C.TheythoughtEmilywastooyoungandbusy.D.Theylivedinasmallapartment.3.WhatdidEmilydotoshowshewasreadyforadog?A.Sheaskedherfriendstohelpher.B.Shewrotealettertoherparents.C.Shedidextrachores,savedmoney,andresearched.D.Shecrieduntilherparentsagreed.4.HowdidEmilyfeelwhenshefirstsawthebike?A.Extremelyexcited.B.Alittledisappointed.C.Veryangry.D.Surprisedandscared.5.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutEmily'sparents?A.Theyoftenchangetheirmindseasily.B.TheynoticedEmily'seffortsandresponsibility.C.Theydidn'twantEmilytohaveabike.D.Theyboughtthepuppywithouttellingeachother.（二）Passage2TheImportanceofReadingIntoday'sfast-pacedworld,wheretechnologysurroundsus,thehabitofreadingissometimesoverlooked.However,readingremainsanessentialskillwithnumerousbenefits,especiallyforstudents.Firstly,readingbroadensourknowledgeandunderstandingoftheworld.Throughbooks,newspapers,andmagazines,wecanlearnaboutdifferentcultures,historicalevents,scientificdiscoveries,andvariousperspectives.Itallowsustotraveltodistantlandsandmeetinterestingpeoplewithoutleavingourhomes.Furthermore,readingstimulatesourimaginationandcreativity.Unlikewatchingtelevisionorplayingvideogames,whichpresentimagesdirectly,readingrequiresustovisualizecharacters,settings,andeventsinourminds.Thismentalexercisestrengthensourcreativethinking.Readingalsohelpstodevelopcriticalthinkingskills.Whenweread,weoftenneedtoanalyzeinformation,evaluatearguments,andformourownopinions.Thisprocessofengagingwiththetextdeepensourunderstandingandmakesusmorethoughtfulindividuals.Finally,readingcanbeagreatsourceofrelaxationandentertainment.Agoodbookcantransportustoanotherworld,helpingustoforgetourworriesandreducestressafterabusyday.Therefore,makingtimeforreadingeveryday,evenifit'sjustforashortwhile,isavaluableinvestmentinourselves.Itenrichesourminds,improvesourskills,andbringsusjoy.Questions:6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Technologyisreplacingreading.B.Readinghasmanybenefitsforstudentsandindividuals.C.Readingisonlyforentertainment.D.Howtoimprovereadingskillsquickly.7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasabenefitofreading?A.Broadeningknowledge.B.Improvingphysicalfitness.C.Enhancingvocabularyandlanguageskills.D.Stimulatingimagination.8.Howdoesreadinghelpwithvocabulary?A.Byprovidinglistsofnewwords.B.Byshowingnewwordsincontext.C.Byforcingreaderstolookupeverynewword.D.Bytestingreadersonnewwords.9.WhydoesreadingstimulateimaginationmorethanwatchingTV?A.TVismoreboring.B.Readingrequiresvisualizationinthemind.C.Bookshavemorepictures.D.Readingtakeslonger.10.Accordingtothepassage,readinghelpswithcriticalthinkingby______.A.providingalltheanswersB.tellingreaderswhattothinkC.requiringanalysisandevaluationofinformationD.beingeasytounderstand（三）Passage3DearLily,Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.I'mwritingtotellyouaboutmyexcitingsummerplans!MyfamilyandIaregoingtovisitmygrandparentsinasmallvillagenearthesea.Ihaven'tseenthemforoverayear,soI'mreallylookingforwardtoit.Thevillageisverydifferentfromthecitywherewelive.It'squietandpeaceful,withgreenfieldsandfreshair.Mygrandparentshaveabiggardenwithmanyfruittreesandvegetables.Everymorning,Icanhelpmygrandmapickstrawberriesortomatoes.Mygrandpalovesfishing,andhepromisedtotakemetothenearbyriverthistime.I'venevercaughtafishbefore,soI'mbothnervousandexcitedaboutthat!Intheafternoons,wemightgotothebeach.It'sonlyashortwalkfrommygrandparents'house.Ilovebuildingsandcastlesandswimminginthesea.Sometimes,wecancollectbeautifulshellsontheshore.Intheevenings,thewholefamilywillsitoutsideintheyard,listeningtomygrandpa'sstoriesandeatingfreshseafood.Ithinkitwillbeawonderfulsummer,fullofnewexperiencesandqualitytimewithmyfamily.Whataboutyou?Doyouhaveanyspecialplansforthesummerholiday?Iwouldlovetohearaboutthem.Writebacksoon!Bestwishes,LucyQuestions:11.WhoisLucywritingto?A.Hergrandparents.B.HerfriendLily.C.Herparents.D.Herteacher.12.WhereisLucygoingtospendhersummer?A.Inabigcity.B.Inasmallvillagenearthesea.C.Atthebeachhotel.D.Inamountainvillage.13.WhatdidLucy'sgrandpapromisetodo?A.Teachhertoswim.B.Takeherfishing.C.Buyheranewbike.D.Tellherstoriesaboutthesea.14.WhatdoesLucyNOTmentiondoinginthevillage?A.Helpinginthegarden.B.Swimminginthesea.C.Visitingmuseums.D.Collectingshells.15.WhyisLucylookingforwardtothesummer?A.Becauseshecaneatalotoficecream.B.Becauseshecanmeetnewfriends.C.Becauseshecanhavenewexperiencesandbewithfamily.D.Becauseshedoesn'thavetodohomework.三、答案与解析Passage1:ASpecialBirthday1.B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Whatshereallywantedwasadog.”可知Emily最想要的生日礼物是一只狗。2.C细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Herparentshadalwayssaidnobecausetheythoughtshewastooyoungandtheydidn’thaveenoughtimetotakecareofit.”可知父母之前拒绝是因为觉得她太小且他们没时间照顾狗，C选项“他们认为Emily太年轻且（他们）太忙”与此最接近。3.C细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Shehadbeendoingextrachoresaroundthehouseformonths,savingherpocketmoney,andresearchingdifferentdogbreedsonline.”可知她通过做额外家务、攒钱和上网研究来证明自己准备好了。4.B推理判断题。根据第二段中“Herheartsankalittle.”以及“Emilytriedtosmile...buthervoicedidn’tsoundashappyasshewanteditto.”可以推断出她看到自行车时有点失望，因为那不是她最想要的。5.B推理判断题。根据第三段中父母说的话“Wesawhowhardyouworkedandhowresponsibleyou’vebeen.You’veearnedhim.”可以推断出父母注意到了Emily的努力和责任感。Passage2:TheImportanceofReading6.B主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要从拓宽知识、提升语言技能、激发想象力、培养批判性思维以及放松娱乐等方面阐述了阅读的诸多益处。7.B细节理解题。文章提到了阅读能拓宽知识（A）、提升词汇和语言技能（C）、激发想象力（D），但未提及能改善身体健康（B）。8.B细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Asweencounternewwordsincontext,wenotonlylearntheirme