2026年托福阅读理解与词汇应用模拟试题

2026年托福阅读理解与词汇应用模拟试题Section1:ReadingComprehension(20Questions,20Points)Instructions:Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionbasedonthepassageprovided.(Eachquestion:1point)Passage1:TheImpactofUrbanGreenSpacesonPublicHealthUrbanizationhasacceleratedgloballyoverthepastfewdecades,leadingtoincreasedconcernsaboutpublichealthoutcomes.Researchindicatesthataccesstogreenspaces,suchasparks,forests,andcommunitygardens,cansignificantlyimprovephysicalandmentalwell-being.AstudypublishedinEnvironmentalHealthPerspectives(2023)foundthatresidentslivingwithin500metersofagreenspaceexperienceda15%lowerriskofcardiovasculardiseasescomparedtothoseinareaswithlimitedgreenaccess.Themechanismsbehindthiseffectaremultifaceted.Greenspacespromotephysicalactivitybyencouragingwalkingandcycling,reduceexposuretoairpollutionthroughnaturalfiltration,andprovideacalmingenvironmentthatlowersstresslevels.Additionally,theseareasserveassocialhubs,fosteringcommunityengagementandreducingfeelingsofisolation.However,disparitiesingreenspacedistributionexist,particularlyinlow-incomeneighborhoods,wheresuchenvironmentsareoftenunderfundedandpoorlymaintained.Policymakersareincreasinglyadvocatingforequitablegreenspaceallocationtomitigatehealthinequalities.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.Toarguefortheexpansionofurbangreenspaces.B.Tohighlightthenegativeeffectsofurbanizationonhealth.C.Topresentevidencesupportingthelinkbetweengreenspacesandpublichealth.D.Toproposesolutionsforimprovingairqualityincities.2.Accordingtothestudymentioned,whatisthemostsignificanthealthbenefitassociatedwithproximitytogreenspaces?A.Reducedriskofrespiratorydiseases.B.Lowerincidenceofcardiovasculardiseases.C.Decreasedobesityrates.D.Improvedsleepquality.3.Howdogreenspacescontributetomentalwell-being?A.Byprovidingemploymentopportunities.B.Byreducingexposuretonoisepollution.C.Byfosteringsocialinteractionsandreducingstress.D.Byofferingfreemedicalservices.4.Whatisamajorchallengediscussedinthepassageregardinggreenspaces?A.Theirhighmaintenancecosts.B.Theirimpactonurbanaesthetics.C.Theirunevendistributionacrosssocioeconomicareas.D.Theirpotentialtoattractpests.5.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasasolutiontodisparitiesingreenspaceallocation?A.Taxingresidentstofundmoregreenspaces.B.Encouragingprivateinvestmentinurbanparks.C.Implementingequitablepoliciesforgreenspacedistribution.D.Reducingthesizeofexistinggreenspacestosavecosts.Section2:VocabularyApplication(10Questions,10Points)Instructions:Completethesentencesbelowbychoosingthemostappropriatewordfromthelistprovided.(Eachquestion:1point)WordList:1.Mitigate2.Disparities3.Mechanisms4.Equitable5.Accelerated6.Cardiovascular7.Filtration8.Isolation9.Hub10.AlleviateSentences:6.Effectivepoliciescanhelp__________thenegativeeffectsofclimatechangeoncoastalcommunities.7.Thereportrevealedsignificant__________inaccesstohealthcarebetweenurbanandruralareas.8.Scientistsarestillexploringtheunderlying__________thatlinkpollutiontochronicdiseases.9.Theorganizationadvocatesfor__________measurestoensurefairrepresentationinallsectors.10.Thecity’scentralsquareservesasasocial__________wherepeoplegatherforeventsanddiscussions.11.Moderntechnologyhas__________thepaceofcommunication,makingtheworldfeelsmaller.12.Smokingisamajorriskfactorfor__________diseasessuchasheartattacksandstrokes.13.Treesplayacrucialroleinenvironmental__________bycleaningtheair.14.Lonelinessisagrowingproblem,especiallyamongtheelderly,butcommunityprogramscanhelp__________it.15.Thecompany’sheadquartersactsasa__________forinnovationandcollaboration.Section3:InferenceandSummary(5Questions,10Points)Instructions:AnswerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthepassageinSection1.(Eachquestion:2points)16.Whatcanbeinferredabouttherelationshipbetweengreenspacesandsocialwell-being?A.Greenspacesprimarilybenefitphysicalhealthbuthaveminimalimpactonmentalhealth.B.Socialinteractionsingreenspacesarelimitedtohigh-incomeresidentsonly.C.Accesstogreenspacescanreducesocialisolationandpromotecommunitycohesion.D.Greenspacesaremoreeffectiveinurbanareasthaninruralones.17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainreasonfordisparitiesingreenspacedistribution?A.Highcostsofmaintaininggreenspacesinlow-incomeareas.B.Lackofpublicawarenessaboutthebenefitsofgreenspaces.C.Socioeconomicinequalitiesleadingtounevenallocation.D.Governmentpoliciesfavoringaffluentneighborhoods.18.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthefutureofurbanplanning?A.Citieswillcontinuetoexpandwithoutconsideringgreenspaces.B.Greenspaceswillbecomeapriorityinurbandevelopment.C.Urbanizationwillslowdownduetoenvironmentalconcerns.D.Therewillbenosignificantchangesinhowcitiesaredesigned.19.Howdoesthepassagesuggestthatgreenspacescanimprovepublichealth?A.Byprovidingfreemedicalservicestoallresidents.B.Throughacombinationofphysicalactivity,pollutionreduction,andstressrelief.C.Byincreasingpropertyvaluesinsurroundingareas.D.Byofferingemploymentopportunitiesinlandscaping.20.Whatistheauthor’stonetowardtheissueofgreenspaceinequality?A.IndifferentB.CynicalC.AdvocativeD.DetachedSection4:TextCompletion(5Questions,10Points)Instructions:Completethepassagebelowbyfillingintheblankswiththebestwordsfromthelistprovided.(Eachquestion:2points)WordList:1.Biodiversity2.Sustainable3.Infrastructure4.Ecosystem5.Urbanization6.Renewable7.Congestion8.Green9.Overcrowded10.PollutedPassage:Therapidpaceof__________hasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallengestoglobalcities.Oneofthemostpressingissuesisthedegradationofurban__________,whichaffectsairquality,wildlifehabitats,andoverallenvironmentalhealth.Toaddressthis,citiesmustprioritize__________development,incorporatingelementslikerooftopgardensandverticalforests.Theseinitiativesnotonlyimprove__________butalsoreduce__________,astheyabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.Additionally,investingin__________transportationsystemscanalleviate__________andloweremissions.However,sucheffortsrequiresubstantialfundingandpoliticalwill,astheyoftenclashwithshort-termeconomicinterests.Ultimately,creating__________citiesrequiresaholisticapproachthatbalanceshumanneedswithecologicalpreservation.Section5:SynonymIdentification(5Questions,5Points)Instructions:Matchtheunderlinedwordsinthesentencesbelowwiththeirclosestsynonymsfromthelistprovided.(Eachquestion:1point)SynonymList:1.Disparities→Inequalities2.Mechanisms→Processes3.Equitable→Fair4.Accelerated→Expedited5.Cardiovascular→CirculatorySentences:21.Thestudyrevealedsignificant__________ineducationaloutcomesbetweenwealthyandpoordistricts.A.DisparitiesB.GapsC.DifferencesD.Variances22.Researchersarestudyingthebiological__________thatcontrolaging.A.MechanismsB.FactorsC.CausesD.Effects23.Thecompanyimplemented__________policiestoensureallemployeesreceivedequalopportunities.A.EquitableB.JustC.ImpartialD.Preferential24.Theinventionoftheinternet__________thespreadofinformation,transformingcommunicationforever.A.AcceleratedB.HastenedC.ExpeditedD.Accelerated25.Smokingdamagesthe__________system,increasingtheriskofheartdisease.A.CardiovascularB.RespiratoryC.NervousD.MuscularAnswerKeyandExplanationsSection1:ReadingComprehension1.C-Thepassageprimarilydiscussestheevidencelinkinggreenspacestopublichealthimprovements.2.B-Thestudyspecificallymentionsa15%lowerriskofcardiovasculardiseases.3.C-Thepassagestatesthatgreenspacesreducestressandfostersocialinteractions.4.C-Thepassagehighlightsdisparitiesingreenspacedistribution,particularlyinlow-incomeareas.5.C-Theauthorsuggestsequitablepoliciestoaddressunevenallocation.Section2:VocabularyApplication6.Mitigate-"Effectivepoliciescanhelpmitigatethenegativeeffectsofclimatechange."7.Disparities-"Thereportrevealedsignificantdisparitiesinaccesstohealthcare."8.Mechanisms-"Scientistsarestillexploringtheunderlyingmechanismsthatlinkpollutiontochronicdiseases."9.Equitable-"Theorganizationadvocatesforequitablemeasurestoensurefairrepresentation."10.Hub-"Thecity’scentralsquareservesasasocialhub."11.Accelerated-"Moderntechnologyhasacceleratedthepaceofcommunication."12.Cardiovascular-"Smokingisamajorriskfactorforcardiovasculardiseases."13.Filtration-"Treesplayacrucialroleinenvironmentalfiltration."14.Alleviate-"Communityprogramscanhelpalleviateloneliness."15.Hub-"Thecompany’sheadquartersactsasahubfori