外研版四年级英语下册知识点

外研版小学英语四年级下册知识点梳理与学习指南同学们，四年级下册的英语学习之旅充满了新的挑战和乐趣。这个阶段，我们不仅要积累更多词汇，掌握更丰富的句型，还要开始理解一些基础的语法概念，并能在实际情境中灵活运用所学语言。这份知识点梳理希望能成为你们学习路上的得力助手，帮助大家系统回顾，扎实掌握。一、核心词汇积累与运用词汇是构建语言大厦的基石。本学年我们接触了许多与日常生活紧密相关的词汇，大家要在理解词义的基础上，做到会读、会写、会用。（一）按主题分类核心词汇1.学校生活与课程(SchoolLife&Subjects)*school,classroom,teacher,student,pupil,class,lesson,English,Chinese,Maths,Music,Art,PE,Science,playground,library,book,pen,pencil*（提示：注意学科名称首字母大写）2.食物与饮料(Food&Drinks)*rice,noodles,fish,meat,chicken,vegetable,tomato,potato,fruit,apple,banana,pear,orange,milk,juice,water,egg,cake,hamburger*（提示：区分可数名词与不可数名词的初步概念）3.能力与行为(Abilities&Actions)*run,jump,swim,sing,dance,draw,read,write,fly,ride,play,skip,can,can't(cannot),help4.时间与日常活动(Time&DailyActivities)*time,o'clock,halfpast...,morning,afternoon,evening,night,day,week,Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday*getup,gotoschool,havelunch,gohome,watchTV,gotobed5.天气与季节(Weather&Seasons)*weather,sunny,rainy,windy,cloudy,snowy,warm,hot,cool,cold,spring,summer,autumn,winter6.购物与物品(Shopping&Objects)*goshopping,supermarket,shop,buy,want,need,some,alotof,bag,box,kilo,rice,noodles(再次出现，强调购物场景)7.公园与活动(Park&Activities)*park,lake,tree,flower,boat,people,row,drink,hungry,thirsty,tired8.动物(Animals)*animal,tiger,lion,elephant,panda,monkey,dog,cat,bird,fish,zoo（二）词汇拓展：词性变化初步感知*名词复数：如books,pens,apples,dogs,cats,tomatoes,potatoes(注意特殊变化)。*动词：原形及在第三人称单数后的变化（初步感知，如likes,plays,goes）。*形容词：描述人或事物的特征，如big,small,tall,short,happy,sad,new,old。*副词：描述动作，如fast,high,well。*介词：表示位置、时间等，如in,on,under,at,with,for。*疑问词：what,where,who,how,howmany,howmuch,whattime,whatcolour。二、重点句型与功能意念句型是进行交流的骨架。本学期我们学习了许多用于不同情境下的核心句型，要做到熟练掌握并能替换关键词进行表达。（一）询问与回答个人信息及能力*What'syourname?Mynameis.../I'm...(询问姓名)*Howareyou?I'mfine,thankyou./I'm...(happy/sad/tired)(问候与回应)*Canyou...?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.(询问能力)*e.g.Canyourunfast?Canyourideabike?*Whatcanyoudo?Ican...(询问能做什么)（二）谈论喜好与厌恶*Doyoulike...?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.(询问喜好)*e.g.Doyoulikenoodles?Doyoulikespring?*Ilike.../Idon'tlike...(表达喜好与厌恶)*e.g.Ilikeapples.Idon'tlikemeat.*He/Shelikes.../He/Shedoesn'tlike...(第三人称表达喜好)*e.g.Helikesfootball.Shedoesn'tlikebananas.（三）询问位置与描述位置*Where's...?It'sin/on/under...(询问单数物品位置)*e.g.Where'sthebook?It'sonthedesk.*Whereare...?Theyarein/on/under...(询问复数物品位置)*e.g.Wherearethepens?Theyareinthepencil-box.（四）询问数量与价格*Howmany...?(可数名词复数)Thereisone.../Therearetwo...(询问数量)*e.g.Howmanybooksarethere?Therearefivebooks.*Howmuch...?(不可数名词或价格)It's...yuan.(询问价格或不可数名词数量)*e.g.Howmuchisit?It'stenyuan.Howmuchricedoyouwant?（五）谈论时间与天气*Whattimeisit?It's...o'clock./It'shalfpast...(询问时间)*Whatdayisittoday?It'sMonday.(询问星期)*What'stheweatherlike?It'ssunny/rainy...(询问天气)*It'swarminspring.(描述季节特征)（六）购物与请求*CanIhelpyou?Iwant...(购物场景，店员询问与顾客表达需求)*Howmany...doyouwant?Onekilo,please.(购物时询问数量)（七）描述正在进行的动作(初步感知现在进行时)*Whatareyoudoing?I'm(verb)-ing...*e.g.Whatareyoudoing?I'mreadingabook.*He/Sheis(verb)-ing...Theyare(verb)-ing...*e.g.Heisplayingfootball.Theyaresinging.三、基础语法点回顾四年级下册，我们开始接触一些基本的语法规则，这对准确运用语言非常重要。（一）be动词的用法(am,is,are)*Iam(I'm)...(我是/我在...)*Youare(You're).../Weare(We're).../Theyare(They're)...(你/你们是/在...；我们是/在...；他们是/在...)*He/She/Itis(He's/She's/It's)...(他/她/它是/在...)*否定形式：在am/is/are后加not(isn't,aren't)。*e.g.Iamnot(I'mnot)sad.Itisn't(It'snot)adog.Theyaren't(They'renot)cats.（二）名词的单复数*单数：表示一个人或事物。e.g.abook,anapple(注意a/an的区别：元音开头用an)。*复数：表示两个或以上的人或事物。*一般在词尾加-s:books,pens,cats。*以s,x,ch,sh结尾的加-es:buses,boxes,watches,dishes。*以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加-es:baby-babies,family-families(注意：story-stories)。*特殊变化：man-men,woman-women,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth(这些是高年级重点，但可以提前感知)。*单复数同形：sheep,fish(指鱼的种类时复数可加es)。（三）情态动词can的用法*肯定句：主语+can+动词原形。e.g.Icanswim.*否定句：主语+cannot(can't)+动词原形。e.g.Ican'tfly.*疑问句：Can+主语+动词原形?e.g.Canyoujumphigh?*回答：Yes,主语+can./No,主语+can't.（四）介词的简单运用*in：在...里面/某年某月。e.g.inthebag,inspring,inMay。*on：在...上面/具体某一天。e.g.onthedesk,onMonday,onthe1stofJune。*under：在...下面。e.g.underthechair。*at：在具体时间点/小地点。e.g.atseveno'clock,atschool。*with：和...一起/用...。e.g.playwithtoys,writewithapen。*for：为了.../给...。e.g.abookforyou。（五）人称代词(主格与宾格初步感知)*主格：作主语，放在动词前。I,you,he,she,it,we,they。*宾格：作宾语，放在动词或介词后。me,you,him,her,it,us,them。*e.g.Givemeabook.(me作give的宾语)Lookathim.(him作at的宾语)（六）be动词的否定形式*isnot->isn't*arenot->aren't*amnot(无缩写形式)四、话题与语篇理解本学期的话题围绕学生的日常生活展开，如学校、家庭、食物、能力、时间、天气、购物、公园游玩、动物等。在语篇理解方面，同学们应能：*读懂简单的对话和短文，理解主要内容。*能根据图片或上下文猜测生词的大意。*能从文中找出特定信息，如人物、物品、动作、时间、地点等。*能理解故事的主要情节发展。各单元核心话题回顾：1.Unit1-2:Schoolsubjects&Abilities(学校科目与能力)2.Unit3-4:Food&Time(食物与时间)3.Unit5-6:Weather&Seasons/Shopping(天气季节与购物)4.Unit7-8:Parkactivities&Animals(公园活动与动物)五、日常交际用语集锦*Greetings&Farewells:Hello!Hi!Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Goodbye!Bye-bye!Seeyou!*Introductions:Thisis...(介绍他人)*Offers&Requests:CanIhelpyou?CanIhavesome...?Hereyouare.*ExpressingFeelings:I'mhappy/sad/tired/hungry/thirsty.学习建议1.温故知新：每天花一点时间复习已学词汇和句型，形成长期记忆。2.情境运用：尝试在