2026年高考英语：词汇与语法试题解析

2026年高考英语：词汇与语法试题解析考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1.Thenewpolicyaimsto______theeconomicgrowthbyreducingtaxesandimprovingbusinessenvironment.A.boostB.declineC.stabilizeD.postpone2.Despitetheheavyrain,they______tocompletetheprojectontime.A.insistedB.attemptedC.managedD.decided3.Thescientist'sresearchhas______asignificantbreakthroughincancertreatment.A.ledtoB.resultedinC.contributedtoD.appliedto4.Sheis______inlearningnewlanguagesandhasalreadymasteredthree.A.interestedB.interestedC.interestingD.interest5.Thecompany'sprofits______by20%lastyearduetoincreaseddemand.A.roseB.raisedC.grewD.increased6.Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldhavenoticedthemistakeinthedocument.A.hadreadB.readC.werereadingD.haveread7.Theoldlibrary______in1998andhasbeenreplacedbyamodernbuilding.A.wasclosedB.hasclosedC.closedD.hadbeenclosed8.Hissuccessisnotonlyduetohishardworkbutalso______hisdetermination.A.onB.withC.forD.to9.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______theiressaysbeforesubmittingthem.A.proofreadB.proofreadingC.proofreadsD.proofreaded10.Thebook______onthetableiswrittenbymyfavoriteauthor.A.lyingB.layC.laidD.laid二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）11.Theconferencewill______nextmonthandattractparticipantsfromaroundtheworld.______theinvitation,Iwillattendit.12.His______tosolvetheproblemwasimpressive,anditsavedthecompanyalotofmoney.13.Theweatherforecastpredictsa______ofrainfortheweekend,soweshouldbringumbrellas.14.Sheis______inartandoftenvisitsmuseumstostudydifferentstyles.15.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______thespreadofthevirus.16.Thenovel______byJaneAustenisaclassicthathasbeenreadforovertwocenturies.17.His______attitudetowardsworkhasearnedhimrespectfromhiscolleagues.18.The______ofthenewpolicywillbefeltinthenextfewmonths.19.Theathlete's______improvedsignificantlyaftermonthsoftraining.20.The______oftheexperimentwassuccessful,andtheresultswereasexpected.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）21.Theword"ambitious"canbeusedtodescribesomeonewhohashighgoals.(正确)22.Thepasttenseof"read"is"readed."(错误)23.Theword"affect"isanoun.(错误)24.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.(错误)25.Theword"independent"meansrelyingonothers.(错误)26.Theword"benefit"canbeusedasbothanounandaverb.(正确)27.Thepastparticipleof"break"is"broken."(正确)28.Theword"recommend"isatransitiveverb.(正确)29.Theword"economic"isanadjective.(正确)30.Theword"environment"isacountablenoun.(正确)四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，总分16分）31.Explainthedifferencebetween"affect"and"effect."32.Describethestructureofasentenceinthepassivevoice.33.Howcanyouformthepasttenseofregularandirregularverbs?34.Whatisthepurposeofusingarticles(a,an,the)inEnglish?五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，总分24分）35.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinthepassivevoice:"Thecommitteewillapprovetheproposalnextweek."36.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses:1.IfI______(have)moretime,Iwouldreadmorebooks.2.She______(be)atthemeetingifit______(start)at10AM.37.Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentence:"Thestudentswasgivenadifficulthomeworktocomplete."38.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish:"他的努力最终得到了回报。"【标准答案及解析】一、单选题1.A(boost:toincrease)2.C(managed:succeededindoing)3.A(ledto:caused)4.A(interested:havingadesiretolearn)5.D(increased:grew)6.A(hadread:pastperfecttense)7.A(wasclosed:pasttense)8.D(to:indicatingdirection)9.A(proofread:toreadcarefullyforerrors)10.A(lying:presentparticiple)二、填空题11.willtake/Accepting12.determination13.outbreak14.passionate15.contain16.written17.professional18.impact19.performance20.conclusion三、判断题21.正确22.错误(readedisincorrect)23.错误(affectisaverb)24.错误(notalways)25.错误(independentmeansnotrelyingonothers)26.正确27.正确28.正确29.正确30.正确四、简答题31."Affect"isaverbmeaningtoinfluence,while"effect"isanounmeaningaresult.32.Inthepassivevoice,theobjectoftheactivevoicebecomesthesubject,andtheverbis"tobe+pastparticiple."Example:"Theproposalwasapprovedbythecommittee."33.Regularverbsformthepasttensebyadding"-ed"(e.g.,walk->walked).Irregularverbshaveuniquepastforms(e.g.,go->went).34.Articlesspecifywhetheranounisgeneral(a/an)orspecific(the).五、应用题35."Theproposalwillbeapprovedbythecommitteenextweek."36.1.hadhad2.wouldbe,starts37."Thestudentsweregivenadifficulthomeworktocomplete."(corrected:"Thestudentsweregivenadifficulthomeworktocomplete.")38."Hiseffortswerefinallyrewarded."【解析】1.单选题：选项设计涵盖常见词汇和语法点，干扰项如B选项"decline"（下降）与语境不符，C选项"sta