2024年同等学力申硕英语考前押卷模拟题

全真模拟试卷（一）PartIOralCommunication(15minutes,10points)SectionADirections:InthissectiontherearetwoincompletedialoguesandeachdialoguehasthreeblanksandthreechoicesA,BandC,takenfromthedialogue.FillineachoftheblankswithoneofthechoicestocompletethedialogueandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.DialogueOneA.Whydon'tweeatout?B.I'mgoingtofixsomeporkchops.C.Ijustboughtitthedaybeforeyesterday.Wayne:Whatarewegoingtoeatfordinner?Lilia:（1）Wayne:I'mafraidthemeatisrotten.Lilia:That'sstrange!（2）Wayne:Well,Iforgottoputitintherefrigerator.Lilia:Goodforyou!Nowwhatshouldweeat?Wayne:（3）Lilia:Again?Weren'tyoujustcomplainingthatit'stooexpensivetoeatout?Wayne:Notwhenyou'rehungry.DialogueTwoA.greatmindsthinkalikeB.WecoulddoitfirstthingtomorrowmorningC.WestillhavetodoabouttenmoreNancy:Howmanyordersdowestillneedtopack,Gilbert?We'vebeenpackingallday.Gilbert:（4）.Nancy:Well,I'mreallytiredofpackingallofthestuffallday.Andit'sabouttimetoclockout.Gilbert:Iknow.Maybewecanfinishittomorrow.Nancy:Whynot!Theseordersarenoturgent.（5）Gilbert:Allright.Let'scallitquitsandgohome.Nancy:See,（6）!SectionBDirections:InthissectionthereisoneincompleteinterviewwhichhasfourblanksandfourchoicesA,B,CandD,takenfromtheinterview.FillineachoftheblankswithoneofthechoicestocompletetheinterviewandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.A.Iwanttogointoe-commerceB.ThatdependsC.youcanmakealivingoutofthatD.wecouldtalktoeachclientindividuallyWilliam:Ihavethisgreatambitiontostartmyownsmallbusiness,assoonasIcan.Steven:That'sgreat.Whatsortofbusinessareyouplanning?William:It'stheInternet.（7）andspecializeinteachingChinesetoforeigners.Steven:That'sanewbie.Ihaven'theardofanyonemakingabusinessoutofthat.William:MymateandIaredevelopingthesoftwareforaprogramthatwillteachpeopleaneasierwaytolearn.Steven:Andyoureckon（8）?William:Yes.WehaveagoodmarketingplantotargettherghtpeoplewhoneedtolearnChinese.Steven:Howdoyouplantosetupthisbusiness?William:Theidea,oncewehavethesoftwarefinished,istoofferprogressivelessonsovertheInternet.Steven:What?Asortofoneononesystem?William:That'sright.Withmoderntechnology,usingwebcameraandvoicecommunication,（9）.Steven:Howmanypeoplewillyouneedforteachingthelessons?William:（10）.Tobeginwith,weestimate,betweenthetwoofus,wecouldhandleabout40clientsaweek.PartIIVocabulary(10minutes,10points)Directions:Inthisparttherearetensentences,eachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.ChoosetheonefromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.11.Ralphwouldnotconcedethattheworkofthedetectiveswasikelytobeinvaingiventhepriceoffered.A.compromiseB.reconcileC.announceD.acknowledge12.Thegovernment'sattempttoinhibitthepresentspeedofinflationishighlyappreciated.A.checkB.inhabitC.prohibitD.accelerate13.Toconserveenergy,estatedevelopersareencouragedtobuildhousesthatcanretainheatinwinter.A.attainB.keepC.releaseD.generate14.Tosuppressthisuprisingcompletelyseemedtobetoodifficultamissiontotheseofficials.A.advocateB.concealC.upholdD.crush15.Forthem,defeatingthisfootballteamisameredreamthatisneithersubstantialnorpractical.A.wealthyB.sturdyC.realD.contented16.Theflowersonthetablewereamanifestationofthechild'sloveforhismother.A.demonstrationB.(an)infestationC.combinationD.satisfaction17.Therestaurant'spatronsenjoyedthefoodandatmospheresomuchthattheyrecommendedittotheirfriends.A.ownersB.actorsC.customersD.critics18.Forestsaredelicatesystemsthat,ifdisturbed,canbepermanentlydestroyed.A.fragileB.expansiveC.complexD.unusual19.Mostreligionsareconcernedwiththeworshipofoneorseveraldeitiesaswellaswithethicarulesofconduct.A.faithB.speechC.thoughtD.behavior20.Theuseofpenicillinislimitedbyitstendencytoinduceallergicreactions.A.bringaboutB.stopC.reduceD.demandPartIIIReadingComprehension(45minutes,25points)SectionADirections:Inthissection,therearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstate.ments,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersA,B,Cand,D.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouianswerontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneTenyearsago,whenenvironmentallawyerKassieSiegelwentinsearchofananimaltosavetheworld,thepolarbearwasn'tatallanobviouschoice.SiegelandBrendanCummingsoftheCenterforBiologicalDiversityinJoshuaTree,Calif.,werelookingforaspecieswhosehabitatwasdisappearingduetoclimatechange,whichcouldserveasasymbolofthedangersofglobalwarming.Herfirstcandidatemetthescientificcriteria-itlivedinicecavesinAlaska'sGlacierBay,whichweremeltingaway-butunfortunatelyitwasaspider.Youcan'tsellalotofT-shirtswithpicturesofananimalmostpeoplewouldhappilystepon.Next,SiegelturnedtotheKittlitz'smurrelet,asmallArcticseabirdwhosenestingsitesinglaciersweredisappearing.In2001,shepetitionedtheDepartmentoftheInteriortoaddittotheEndangeredSpecieslist,butInteriorSecretaryGaleNortonturnedherdown.Elkhornandstaghorncoral,whicharethreatenedbyrisingwatertemperaturesintheCaribbean,didmakeitontothelist,butasiconicspeciestheyfellshortinsofarasmanypeopledon'trealizethey'realiveinthefirstplace.Thepolarbear,bycontrast,isvehementlyaliveandcomestheundeniablecharismaofatoppredator.Anditsdependenceonicewasintuitivelyobvious;itlivesonitmostoftheyear.Butittookuntil2004forresearcherstodemonstratethatshrinkingseaicewasaseriousthreattothebears'population.OnFeb.16,2005-thedaytheKyotoProtocoltocurbgreenhousegasemissionstookeffect,withouttheparticipationoftheUnitedStates-Siegelpetitionedtolistpolarbearsasendangered.Threeyearslaterhereffortsmetwithequivocal（不明确的）success，asInteriorSecretaryDirkKempthornedesignatedthebearsas"threatened"(notendangered),asignificantcon-cessionfromanadministrationthathasstoodalmostaloneintheworldinitsreluctancetoacknowledgethedangersofclimatechange.TheEndangeredSpeciesAct(ESA),whoseoddlistsofsnailsandbladderwortssometimesseemedstuckintheageofDarwin,hadbeenthrustintothemainstreamof21st-centuryenvironmentalpolitics.BreakouttheT-shirts!21.SiegelandCummingshopedtochooseananimalto.A.callonpeopletotakeactionsagainstglobalwarmingB.makepeopleawareofthedangerofenvironmentaldamageC.introducetopeopleanewconceptofenvironmentalprotectionD.remindpeopleoftheimportanceofprotectingendangeredspecies22.Theproblemwithelkhornandstaghorncoralsliesinthat.A.theywerenotmuch-likedbymanypeopleB.theywerenotwell-knownenoughtobeaniconC.theywerenotconsideredanimalsbymanypeopleD.theywerenotaddedtothelistofEndangeredSpecies23.Itcanbelearntthatthepolarbear.A.wasfirstconsideredbySiegeltobetheiconicanimalin1998B.wasfirstproposedbySiegeltobetheendangeredspeciesin2004C.wasnotqualifiedscientificallyastheendangeredspeciesuntil2005D.wasnotofficiallyunderthegovernmentprotectionuntil200824.WhichofthefollowingischosenbySiegelasthesymbolicanimal?A.Themurreletnestinginglaciers.B.ThepolarbearintheNorthPole.C.ThespiderinAlaska'sGlacierBay.D.StaghorncoralsintheCaribbean.25.Thepassageisfocusedon.A.howthescientiststriedtoprotectendangeredspeciesB.howthesymbolicendangeredspecieshasbeenchosenC.therelationbetweenglobalwarmingandendangeredspeciesD.theproblemsinandthefutureofendangeredspeciesprotectionPassageTwoMoreAmericanmothersthaneverareworking,andmoreworkersaremothers.Yettheirmarchintotheworldofpaidworkcontinuestocausesuspicion.Onerecentsurveyfoundthat48percentofAmericansbelievethatpreschoolerssufferiftheirmotherswork,whileanotherfoundthat42percentofemployedparentsthinkthatworkingmotherscaremoreaboutsucceedingatworkthanmeetingtheirchildren'sneeds.Thekidsareallright.StudiesconductedbytheUniversityofMichiganhaveconsistentlydemonstratedthatachild'ssocialoracademiccompetencedoesnotdependonwhetheramotherisemployed.Inmyresearchfouroutoffivechildrentoldmethathavingaworkingmotherwastheirpreferredarrangement.Mystudyfoundthatchildrenwithworkingmothersarenomorelikelytodropout,takedrugs,breakthelaw,orexperimentwithsexprematurelythanchildrenwithnonemployedmothers.Childrenhavetakentheirmothers'exampletoheart.NinetypercentoftheyoungwomenIinterviewedsaidtheyhopedtocombineworkwithmotherhood,whiletwo-thirdsofthemensaidtheywantedtoshareparentingandwork.Sadly,childrensupportworkingmothersmorethanwedoasasociety.Parentalleaveandchild-carebenefitsintheUnitedStatesremaininadequate,particularlywhencomparedtowhat'sofferedinothercountries.Childrenthrivewhentheirmothershavesatisfying,well-paidjobswhentheycancountonothercaretakerstosharetheload.Thechallengefacingusisthusnotwhethergoodworkerscanalsobegoodmothers,butwhetherwecancreatetheconditionsthatenableworkingmothersandfatherstobegoodparents.26.Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanseethat.A.nowmoreAmericanmothersareworkingthananytimeinAmericanhistoryandanywhereelseintheworldB.morethanhalfAmericansthinkthatbeforegoingtoschool,childrenneedtheirmothers'whole-heartedcareC.amajorityofAmericansbelievethatonceworkingoutsidehomemothersthinkoftheirownworkmorethantheirchildrenD.moreAmericanmothersworkthaneverbefore,butthisproblemofworkingmothershasnotbeensolvedsatisfactorily27.Fromthepassage,wecannotfindtheproofofthefactthat.A.mothersdotheirhouseholdworktodayjustaswellastheydidbeforeB.withtheirmothersworking,childrenarebetteroffC.lackofmothers'care,childrenliketogoastrayD.insingle-parentfamilies,mostchildrenliketheirmotherstogooutworking28.Inthelastparagraph,“Parentalleaveandchild-carebenefitsintheUnitedStatesremaininade-quate”actuallyrefersto.A.parentsshouldnotleaveandpaymorecaretotheirchildrenB.parentalleaveandchildcareiscontradictedC.childrenhaveinadequatecarefromtheirparentsD.intheUnitedStates,parentsenjoyinadequatechild-careleaveandallowance29.WhatdotheAmericansneedinsolvingtheproblemofworkingmothers?A.Theyneedthesupportofmales.B.Theyneedtheunderstandingofothermembersoftheirfamilies.C.Theyneedyoungpeopletobewell-preparedtoworkbothinandoutsidetheirhomes.D.Theyneedespeciallythepowerfulsupport,ofthesocietyforworkingmothers.30.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Weshouldletmothersworkwithoutworries.B.Itisbetterformotherstostayathome.C.Weshouldworkhard,especiallymothers.D.Likemothers,likechildren.PassageThreeJobsharingreferstothesituationinwhichtwopeopledividetheresponsibilityofonefulltimejob.Thetwopeoplewillinglyactaspart-timeworkers,enoughhoursbetweenthemtofulfillthedutiesofafull-timeworker.Iftheyeachworkhalfthejob,forexample,theyeachreceive50per-centofthejob'swages,itsholidaysanditsotherbenefits.Ofcourse,somejobsharerstakeasmallerorlargershareoftheresponsibilitiesoftheposition,receivingalessorgreatershareofthebenefits.Jobsharingdiffersfromconventionalpart-timeworkinthatitoccursmainlyinthemorehighlyskilledandprofessionalareas,whichrequireshigherlevelsofresponsibilityandemployeecommitment.Jobsharingshouldnotbeconfusedwiththetermworksharing,whichreferstoincreasingthenumberofjobsbyreducingthenumberofhoursofeachexistingjob,thusofferingmorepositionstothegrowingnumberofunemployedpeople.Jobsharing,bycontrast,isnotdesignedtoaddressunemploymentproblems;itsfocus,rather,istoprovidewell-paidworkforskilledworkersandprofessionalswhowantmorefreetimeforotheractivities.Aswouldbeexpected,womenconstitutethebulkofjobsharers.Asurveycardedoutin1988byBritain'sEqualOpportunitiesCommissionrevealedthat78percentofsharerswerefemale,themajorityofwhomwerebetween20and40yearsofage.Subsequentstudieshavecomeupwithsimilarresults.Manyofthesewomenwerere-enteringthejobmarketafterhavinghadchildren,buttheychosenottoseekpart-timeworkbecauseitwouldhavemeantlowerstatus.Jobsharingalsoofferedanacceptableshiftbackintofull-timeworkafteralongabsence.Thenecessityofclosecooperationswhensharingajobwithanotherpersonmakestheactualworkquitedifferentfromconventionalone-positionjobs.However,toensureagreaterchancethatthepartnershipwillsucceed,eachpersonneedstoknowthestrengths,weaknessesandpreferencesofhisorherpartnerbeforeapplyingforaposition.Moreover,theremustbeafairdivisionofbothroutinetasksandinterestingones.Insum,forapositiontobejob-sharedwell,thetwoindividualsmustbewellmatchedandmusttreateachotherasequals.31.“Employeecommitment”inParagraph2referstotheemployee's.A.loyaltyB.qualificationC.experienceD.achievement32.Worksharingisdifferentfromjobsharinginthat.A.itrequiresmoreworkinghoursB.itdependsontheemployer'sdecisionC.itprovidesmoreworkpositionsD.itoffersamoresatisfactorysalary33.Jobsharingispopularwithyoungmothersmainlybecause.A.theycantakecareofbothworkandfamilyB.theyareoveridealworkingagesC.theyseekequalopportunitieswithmenD.theyhavedifficultyfindingfull-timejobs34.Accordingtothesurvey,thesharerswomenconsistof.A.20%B.40%C.50%D.78%35.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.A.recommendjobsharingtowomenB.describejobsharingingeneralC.criticizejobsharingasinefficientD.discussawaytotackleunemploymentPassageFourThereareover6,000differentcomputerandonlinegamesintheworldnow.Asegmentofthemareconsideredtobebotheducationalandharmlesslyentertaining.Onesuchgameteachesgeography,andanothertrainspilots.Otherstraintheplayerinlogicalthinkingandproblemsolving.Somegamesmayalsohelpyoungpeopletobecomemorecomputerliterature,whichismoreimportantinthistechnology-drivenera.Butthedarksideofthecomputergameshasbecomemoreandmoreobvious.“Asegmentofgamesfeaturesanti-socialthemesofviolence,sexandcrudelanguage”,saysDavidWalsh,PresidentoftheNationalInstituteonMediaandFamily.“Unfortunately,it'sasegmentthatseemsparticularlypopularwithkidsagedeighttofifteen.”Onestudyshowedthatalmost80percentofthecomputerandonlinegamesyoungpeoplepreferredcontainedviolence.Theinvestigatorssaid“Thesearenotjustgamesanymore.Thesearelearningmachines.We'reteachingkidsinthemostincrediblemannerwhatit'sliketopullthetrigger.Whattheyarenotlearningarethereal-lifeconsequences.”Theyalsosaid“Thenewandmoresophisticatedgamesareevenworse,becausetheyhavebettergraphicsandallowtheplayertoparticipateinevenmorerealisticviolentacts.”InthegameCarmageddon,forexample,theplayerwillhavedrivenoverandkilledupto33,000peoplebythetimealllevelsarecompleted.Adescriptionoftheoutcomeofthegamesays:“Yourvictimsnoonlysquishunderyourtiresandsplatterbloodonthewindshield,theyalsogetontheirkneesancbegformercy，orcommitsuicide.Ifyoulike，youcanalsodismember（肢解）them.”Isallthissimulatedviolenceharmful?Approximately3,000differentstudieshavebeenconductedonthissubject.Manyhavesuggestedthatthereisaconnectionbetweenviolenceingamesandincreasedaggressivenessintheplayers.Somespecialistsdownplaytheinfluenceofthegames,sayingthatotherfactorsmustbetakerintoconsideration,suchasthepossibilitythatkidswhoalreadyhaveviolenttendenciesarechoosingsuchgames.Butcoulditbethatviolentgamesstillplayacontributingrole?Itseemsunrealis.tictoinsistthatpeoplearenotinfluencedbywhattheysee.Ifthatweretrue,whywouldthecommercialworldspendbillionsofdollarsannuallyfortelevisionadvertising?36.WhichofthefollowingcomputergamesisNOTmentionedaseducationalandharmlesslyentertaining?A.Thosethathelppeoplelearnmoreaboutcomputers.B.Thosethatteachthefeaturesoftheearth.C.Thosethatprovidespecialtrainingforwritersonline.D.Thosethatprovidespecialtrainingforpilots.37.Accordingtoonestudy,mostcomputerandonlinegames.A.allowtheplayerstotakepartinkillingactsB.teachtheplayerstobeantisocialC.maketheplayersforgettherealliferesultsD.thatyoungpeoplelikecontainviolence38.Manystudieshavesuggestedthat.A.moreandmoreyoungpeopleenjoycruelcomputergamesB.violenceincomputergamesmakestheirplayersmoreaggressiveC.therearenowfarmoreincidentsofviolenceduetocomputergamesD.simulatedviolenceincomputergamesisdifferentfromrealviolence39.Theauthoruses"televisionadvertising”asanexampletoshowthat.A.otherfactorsmustbeconsideredaspossiblecausesofviolenceinreallifeB.computerandonlinegamesarenottheonlycauseofincreasedviolenceinreallifeC.thecommercialworldiscontributingtotheincreasedviolenceinreallifeD.thereisacloselinkbetweencomputergamesandincreasedviolenceinreallife40.Thebesttitleforthepassagecouldbe.A.TheDarkSideofComputerGamesB.ComputerGames-AdvantagesandDisadvantagesC.TheDevelopmentofViolentComputerGamesD.AStudyontheInfluenceofComputerGamesSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youarerequiredtoreadonequotedblogandthecommentsonit.Theblogandcommentsarefollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.In2011,greenhomesmadeuproughly17percentofthemarketandisexpectedtoreachtwooutoffivehomesby2016,accordingtothereport.Thebiggestattributetoagreenhomeisenergyefficiency,ofcourse.Ninetypercentofhomeownerssurveyedsaidenergyefficiencyisimportantbecauseofpersonalvalues,andbecauseoflowerenergybills.Othereco-friendlyfactorsincludeindoorairquality,materialdurability,useofpost-consumermaterialsandsustainability-focusedwastemanagementpractices.Anotherbigincentiveforconsumersisthefactthatmortgagelendersandregionalprogramsofferdiscountinterestratesforgreenhomes.Regardlessoftheincentive,consumersshouldalsoinquireaboutthematerialsthattheywillbeusingtobuildtheirhome,especiallythefoundation.Ahomebuiltwithconcreteblocks,forexample,doesnotsufferfromthesamenumberofinsectinfestationsaswoodconstructionhomes.Don'tjustcallanexterminator.Callanexpert-866-953-0103.$50offOrkin?PestCon-trol.ScheduleYourFreeEstimateToday!Comment1:Greatideas,manypeopleareworkingnowtomaketheworldmoregreen.Comment2:Thedemandsforgreenhomesandthemarketof17percentmustbeincreasedandtheremustbeinsectsandinfectionscuredforwoodenconstructions.Comment3:TheconceptisnicebutIthink,technologyhaschangedalotintoday'smodernworldbutsomeofthetechniquesofconstructionwillremainsameasitwasin1800s.Moreideasshouldbeintroducedinconstructiontoofferenvironmentfriendlyhomes.Comment4:Theideaofinvestingahousethatmakesyousavemoneyisnotbad.It'salong-timeinvestmentandI'vebeenthinkingforawhiletomakesomechanges.Couldyouforinstancetellmehowlowtheenergybillsget?20%or50%?Thethingwithconcreteblocksisthatduringsummertimeitgetsreallyhotandthere'snoair.Iwouldgoanytimeforwoodinsteadofconcrete.Andthebugsproblem,wellyousolveitonceandyousolveitforgood!AsfarasIcansee,thegreenhomestrendisexpandingquickly!Ihavestartedtogetsickofalltheskyscrapers!Comment5:Allhomeownerscanbeproudthatwoodisarenewableandgreenproduct.41.Whatisthethemeoftheblogquoted?A.Howtochoosematerialforgreenhomes.B.Thedemandforgreenhomesisontherise.C.Greenhomesandpersonalvalues.D.Longtermdevelopmentstartsfromhousing.42.Thepersonalvalues(Para.2)mayreferto.A.thepursuitofwealthB.theideaoftryingnewC.rejectiontothemoderntechnologyD.theconsciousnessofcontinualdevelopment43.Whenpeoplechoosegreenhomes,whichofthefollowingdoesn'tbelongtohisorherfirstconsideration?A.Energysaving.B.Billpaidforenergyconsumption.C.Theloweredinterestratesoffered.D.Thematerialusability.44.Fromcomment2tocomment4,welearnpeopleshowconcernsover.A.thetechniquesofrenewingwasteB.thechoiceofdifferentconstructionmaterialsC.theenergybillsD.thepopularityofgreenhomes45.Allofthecommentators'attitudetowardsgreenhomescanbesummarizedasbeing.A.supportiveB.negativeC.objectiveD.doubtfulPartIVCloze(10minutes,10points)Directions:Inthispart,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkyouranswerontheAn-swerSheet.Researchersproducedevidencetosupportwhatmostofusalreadyknew-thatacupofteaistheanswertoanycrisis.Dr.MalcolmCross,apsychologistatCityUniversityofLondon,testedtheanxietylevelsofagroupofpeoplefollowinga（46）situationandrevealedthatevenasinglecupofteahasa（47）calmingeffect.Histeamgave42volunteersamentalarithmeticexamand（48）offeredhalfofthemacupofteaandtheotherhalfaglassofwater.Thewatergroup'sanxietylev-elssoared（49）25percentcomparedtobeforethetask,（50）theteagroupactuallyreportedafourpercentreductioninanxiety-despitethedifficulttest,theyweremorerelaxedthanwhentheystarted.Accordingtoasurveycarriedoutfortheresearch,68percentofBritons（51）teainadilemma,makingitthenation'smostcommonresponsetotroubleof（52）kind.About60percentsaidthepromiseofcomfortandwarmthwasthemainreasonforputtingthekettleon.“The（53）ofmakinganddrinkingtea-particularlyduringtimesofstress-isatthevery（54）ofBritishculture,”Crosssaid.Thisstudyshowsthatthesocialpsychological（55）ofteaenhancetheeffectsofitschemicalmake-uponourbodiesandbrains.46.A.light-heartedB.seriousC.comfortableD.stressful47.A.significantB.rigorousC.severeD.selective48.A.previouslyB.afterwardsC.besidesD.lately49.A.onB.inC.byD.at50.A.whileB.howeverC.meanwhileD.nevertheless51.A.giveupB.owetoC.lookonD.turnto52.A.whicheverB.whateverC.howeverD.whoever53.A.ceremonyB.functionC.ritualD.observance54.A.beginningB.momentC.endD.core55.A.aspectsB.facesC.sitesD.waysPartVTextCompletion(20minutes,20points)Directions:Inthispart,therearethreeincompletetextswith20questions(Rangingfrom56to75).Aboveeachtexttherearethreeorfourphrasestobecompleted.First,usethechoicesprovidedintheboxtocompletethephrases.Second,usethecompletedphrasestofillinthebankso.thetext.NoteyoushouldblackenthelettersthatindicateyouranswersontheAnswerSheet.TextOneA.watchB.informationC.withPhrases:A.associated（56）a22-minutereductionintheirlifeexpectancyB.livedanaverage4.8yearslessthanthosewhodidn't（57）anytelevisionC.whentheycollectedTVviewing（58）Sittinginfrontofthetelevisionmayberelaxing,butspendingtoomuchtimeinfrontoftheTVmaytakeyearsoffyourlife.That'swhatAustralianresearchersfound,（59）frommorethan11,000peopleolderthan25years.ThestudyfoundthatpeoplewhowatchedanaveragesihoursofTVaday（60）.Also,everyhourofTVthatparticipantswatchedafterage25was:（61）.ThemoreTVyouwatch,thelessphysicallyactiveyouare.Andthelessexerciseyouget,themorelikelyyouaretodevelopdiseasessuchasdiabetesorheartproblems.TextTwoA.decreaseB.liquidC.areusedPhrases:A.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastesto（62）theirpollutionhazardB.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplants（63）insomeareasC.“priorto”disposalandthetreatmentof（64）wastesTherearetwowaysbywhichthepollutionproblemcanbedwindled.（65）Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes（66）,oreffluents,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicaluseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.（67）bothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.TextThreeA.helpmaintainenvironmentalqualityB.aspeopleclearlandsC.dependsoncountlessinteractionsD.byoverfishingandbypollutionPhrases:A.（68）forhomesandfarmsandcutwoodforfuelB.Theyalso（69）bybreakingdownorremovingsomepollutantsC.fishsupplieshavebeengreatlyreduced（70）D.（71）amongplants,animals,andmicroorganismsWildlifeplaysavitalroleinthebiologicalprocessesthatareessentialtolifeitself.Thefunctioningofthebiosphere,andhencethemaintenanceofhumanlife,（72）Theseprocessesareessentialforagriculture,fisheries,andothereffortsnecessarytohumanlife.（73）andbypreventingthepile-upofwaste.Someofthebiologicalprocessesinwhichwildlifeisinvolvedareseedscattering,soilgeneration,nutrientcyclingandpestcontrol.Nodiscussionofthreatstowildlifeiscompletewithoutanexaminationofthecauses,whicharehumanneeds.InAfrica,forestsareshrinking（74）.Sheepeatthevegetation,leavingthebaresoiltobecarriedawaybywindandwater.Humanskillwildlifefortheillegaltradeinfurs.Thelossofforestsisdestructivetomanyspeciesandplants.Beyondthat,intheoceans,（75）.PartVITranslation(20minutes,10points)Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.Globally,mostsmokersstartsmokingbeforetheageof18,withalmostaquarterofthosebeginningbeforetheageof10.Theyoungerchildre