冀教八下英语Unit 4《Lesson 3》课件

Lesson3Unit4Rulesmakeforabetterlife!1Whatarespokenandunspokenrules?Talkwithyourpartner.Spokenrulesarerulesthatareclearlystated,eitherwrittendownorverballycommunicated.Unspokenrulesarenotdirectlywrittenorsaidbutareunderstoodbypeopleinthesociety.(答案不唯一)2Readthepassageanddiscussthestatementslistedbelow.Aretheyspokenorunspokenrules?Spokenrulesaresaidorwrittensomewhere.Youmightfindspokenrulesinaschool,apublicbuilding,athome,orontheroad.Thinkofschoolrules.Areyouallowedtorunaroundandyellinthehallways?Areyouallowedtoinsultothersandcheatontests?yell作动词时的常见搭配：(1)yellatsb.对某人大喊大叫(2)yellout突然大声喊出。yell还可作可数名词，意为“喊声；喊叫”。cheatontests考试作弊No!Thinkofrulesinapublicplace,likealibraryorapark.Canyoutalkloudlyinalibrary?Canyouclimbonaparkstatue?No!Athome,yourparentsmighthaveclearruleslike“nothrowingbasketballsinthehouse”.Andontheroad,youarerequiredtofollowtrafficrules.Thatcankeepyourselfandotherssafe.berequiredtodosth.被要求做某事“keep+sb.+形容词”让某人一直处于某种状态Unspokenrulesaremostlytodowithrespectingothers.Thistypeofruleisdifferentbetweencountriesandcultures!Youshouldrecogniseandfollowtheserulesinyourowncountry.Whenyouplantovisitanothercountry,youshouldfindoutthedifferencestoavoidbeingdisrespectful.bemostlytodowith...大多与……有关长难句分析：这是一个包含时间状语从句的复合句。主句主语是you，谓语是shouldfindout，宾语是thedifferences，toavoidbeingdisrespectful是不定式短语作目的状语。Whenyouplantovisitanothercountry是时间状语从句。Forexample,insomewesterncountries,peopledon’tstandtoocloseduringaconversation.But,inmanyothercountries,closenessisconsiderednormal.Insomeplaces,keepingmoredistanceisseenasrude.Allthesewaysareacceptable.Itdependsonwhereintheworldyouare!常用搭配：(1)berudetosb.对某人无礼(2)it’srudetodosth.做某事是不礼貌的ADon’tmakealotofnoiselateatnight.BNothrowingbasketballsinthehouse.CCoveryourmouthwhenyoucough.DDon’tclimbonaparkstatue.ENotalkingduringamovie.FGetonabusoratrainafterothersgetoff.Spokenrules:BDEUnspokenrules:ACF3Readthesentencesandpayattentiontothepartsinyellow.·Spokenrulesaresaidorwrittensomewhere.·But,inmanyothercountries,closenessisconsiderednormal.Whenwedonotknowwhodoesthething,orwhenthisinformationisnotimportant,weusepassivevoice.Thestructure:am/is/are+v-edReadandrewritethesentences:APeopleinsocietyfollowspokenrules.→Spokenrulesarefollowedbypeopleinsociety.BCulturesinfluenceunspokenrules.→_____________________________________________________CSherecognisedhermother’shandwritingontheenvelope.→_____________________________________________________DWecleanourclassroomcarefullyeveryday.→_____________________________________________________Unspokenrulesareinfluencedbycultures.Hermother’shandwritingontheenvelopewasrecognisedbyher.Ourclassroomiscleanedcarefullybyuseveryday.4Readandcompletetheconversation.LiMing:________spokenrulesalways_________(follow)?WangMei:Well,notnecessarily.Sometimesspokenrules______________(overlook)or________(ignore).LiMing:Whataboutunspokenrulesthen?WangMei:Unspokenrules________often________(take)forgranted.ArefollowedareoverlookedignoredaretakenLiMing:Canyougivemeanexample?WangMei:Sure.Thinkofalibrary.Itisaspokenruletokeepquiet,butsometimespeoplestilltalk.However,theunspokenruleistoturnoffyourphoneandavoidmakinganyunnecessarynoise.LiMing:Isee.Unspokenrules_____________(notwrite)down.Theyaredifferentbetweenculturesandlocations.WangMei:Yes.Bothspokenandunspokenrulescanshapeourbehaviour.aren’twritten1spoken/'spəʊkən/adj.口头的；口语的(教材P48)·Spokenwordscanhurtfeelingsifyou’renotcareful.说话不注意会伤人感情。·Frenchisalsoabeautifulspokenlanguage.法语也是一种优美的口语语言。·WepracticespokenEnglisheverymorning.我们每天早上练习英语口语。探究一核心单词·Theideawasfirstspokenbyascientistmanyyearsago.这个想法多年前由一位科学家首次提出。spoken

adj.意为“口头的；口语的”。常用来修饰名词，强调与“书面的(written)”相对。spoken的常见搭配：(1)aspokenagreement口头协议(2)spokenlanguage口语(3)spokenEnglish英语口语spoken还可作speak的过去分词。2somewhere/'sʌmweə(r)/adv.在某处(教材P48)·Imusthaveleftmykeyssomewhereinthehouse.我肯定把钥匙落在房子的某个地方了。·Couldyouputthebooksomewhereontheshelf?你能把书放在书架的某个地方吗？·You’dbetterkeepthemedicinesomewheresafe,outofthechildren’sreach.你最好把药放在安全的地方，远离孩子们的触碰范围。·She’sfromsomewhereinthenorth.她来自北方的某个地方。somewhere

为不定副词，意为“在某处”。具体用法：(1)常用于肯定句和表示委婉语气的问句中。在否定句或疑问句中用anywhere。(2)其前的介词常省略。(3)形容词修饰不定副词要后置。somewhere还可以作代词，意为“某个地方”。其他常见的不定副词：(1)everywhere处处；到处(相当于hereandthere)(2)nowhere哪里都不(表示否定意义)(3)anywhere在任何地方(用于否定句或疑问句中)3insult/ɪn'sʌlt/v.辱骂；侮辱n.侮辱；凌辱；冒犯(教材P48)·Don’tinsultyourclassmates.It’snotpolite.别辱骂/侮辱你的同学，这不礼貌。·Shefeltinsultedbyhisrudecomments.他粗鲁的评论让她觉得受到了侮辱。·Talkingbacktoyourparentsloudlyisaninsult.大声和父母顶嘴是一种冒犯。·Hiswordswereaninsulttomyfamily.他的话是对我家人的侮辱。insult作及物动词，意为“辱骂；侮辱”，后接名词、代词作宾语。反义词为respect，意为“尊重”。insult还可作名词，意为“侮辱；凌辱；冒犯”。aninsulttosb.对某人的侮辱。4test/test/n.&v.测试；检验(教材P48)·ThePEteachergaveusarunningtesttoday.体育老师今天让我们进行了跑步测试。·Ihaveamathtesttomorrow.我明天有数学考试。·Thedoctorwilltestthepatientfordiabetes.这个医生会对病人进行糖尿病检查。·Canyouhelpmetestthisnewpen?你能帮我测试/检验一下这支新笔吗？·Wehavetoprepareforthemid-termexamnextweek.我们得准备下周的期中考试。test

n.意为“测试；检验”，常见搭配：(1)take/haveatest参加考试(2)pass/failatest通过/未通过考试(3)written/oraltest笔试/口试test还可作动词，意为“测试；检验”。testsb.forsth.对某人进行某种疾病检查。辨析：test与examtest可作动词和名词，作名词时，指规模小，可能是一节课内的小测，或某个单元的练习。exam只可作名词，指规模大，通常覆盖多个单元或整个学期的内容，频率较低(如期中、期末)。5recognise/'rekəɡnaɪz/v.认识；意识到(教材P48)·Sherecognisedthebuildingastheoneshehadvisitedlastyear.她认出了这座建筑就是她去年参观过的那座。·Herecognisedtheimportanceofstudyinghard.他意识到努力学习的重要性。·Irecognisedthecarbyitsuniquelicenseplate.我通过它独特的车牌认出了那辆车。·Heiswidelyrecognisedasthebeststudentinhisclass.他在班上被公认为最好的学生。recognisev.意为“认识；意识到”，用作及物动词。常用搭配：(1)recognisesb./sth.by/fromsth.通过……认出/识别出……(2)recognisesb.as...承认/认可某人为……6disrespectful/dɪsrɪ'spektfl/adj.无礼的；不尊敬的·It’snotrighttobedisrespectfultoyourelders.对长辈不尊重是不对的。·It’simportanttoshowrespectforculturaldifferences.尊重文化差异很重要。·It’simportanttoberespectfulinschool.在学校里尊重他人很重要。·Weshouldavoidshowingdisrespecttoanyone.我们应该避免对任何人表现出不尊重。disrespectful

adj.意为“无礼的；不尊敬的”，bedisrespectfultosb.对某人不尊重。disrespectful的相关词汇：respectn.&v.尊重respectfuladj.尊重的；有礼貌的disrespectn.不尊重；无礼7western/'westən/adj.西方的；西部的(教材P48)·Thewesternpartofthecityhasmanyparksandopenspaces.这个城市的西部有许多公园和开放空间。·WesterncountrieshavedifferentculturesfromEasterncountries.西方国家的文化与东方国家不同。·IenjoytryingdifferenttypesofWesternfood.我喜欢尝试不同类型的西餐。·Hewalkedtothewesttofindthestore.他向西走去寻找商店。western

adj.意为“西方的；西部的”。主要用于名词前作定语。western作形容词，还可意为“西方(国家)的”，常作Western。常见搭配：(1)Westernculture西方文化(2)Westernfood西餐western是由“方位名词west+-ern”构成，类似构成的形容词还有：east→eastern(东方的)south→southern(南方的)north→northern(北方的)8distance/'dɪstəns/n.距离；间隔；远方(教材P48)·Thedistancebetweenthetwocitiesisabout200kilometers.这两个城市之间的距离大约是200公里·Pleasekeepa