【牛津经济研究院】量子计算可以为苏塞克斯和大布莱顿带来经济效益-2025

ECONOMICBENEFITS

QUANTUMCOMPUTING

CANBRINGTOSUSSEX

ANDGREATERBRIGHTONAREPORTFORMIDSUSSEXDISTRICTCOUNCIL

OCTOBER2025

1

AboutOxfordEconomics

OxfordEconomicswasfoundedin1981asacommercialventurewithOxfordUniversity’sbusinesscollegetoprovideeconomicforecastingandmodellingtoUKcompaniesandfinancialinstitutionsexpandingabroad.Sincethen,wehavebecomeoneoftheworld’sforemostindependentglobaladvisoryfirms,providingreports,forecasts,andanalyticaltoolsonmorethan200countries,

100industries,and8,000citiesandregions.Ourbest-in-classglobaleconomicandindustrymodelsandanalyticaltoolsgiveusanunparalleledabilitytoforecastexternalmarkettrendsandassesstheireconomic,social,andbusinessimpact.

HeadquarteredinOxford,England,withregionalcentresinNewYork,London,Frankfurt,andSingapore,OxfordEconomicshasofficesacrosstheglobeinBelfast,Boston,CapeTown,Chicago,Dubai,Dublin,

HongKong,LosAngeles,MexicoCity,Milan,Paris,Philadelphia,Stockholm,Sydney,Tokyo,andToronto.Weemploy700staff,includingmorethan450professionaleconomists,industryexperts,andbusiness

editors—oneofthelargestteamsofmacroeconomistsandthoughtleadershipspecialists.Ourglobal

teamishighlyskilledinafullrangeofresearchtechniquesandthoughtleadershipcapabilitiesfrom

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thoughtleaders.Ourworldwideclientbasenowcomprisesover3,000internationalorganisations,

includingleadingmultinationalcompaniesandfinancialinstitutions;keygovernmentbodiesandtradeassociations;andtopuniversities,consultancies,andthinktanks.

October2025

AlldatashownintablesandchartsareOxfordEconomics’owndata,exceptwhereotherwisestatedandcitedinfootnotes,andarecopyright©OxfordEconomicsLtd.

Themodellingandresultspresentedherearebasedoninformationprovidedbythirdparties,uponwhichOxfordEconomicshasreliedinproducingitsreportandforecastsingoodfaith.Any

subsequentrevisionorupdateofthosedatawillaffecttheassessmentsandprojectionsshown.

Todiscussthereportfurtherpleasecontact:

AndyLogan:

alogan@

OxfordEconomics

4Millbank,LondonSW1P3JA,UKTel:+442039108061

2

TABLEOFCONTENTS

AboutOxfordEconomics1

Tableofcontents2

1.Introduction5

2.TheeconomicimpactofthequantumcomputingsectorinSussexandGreaterBrighton10

3.Theeconomicbenefitsquantumcomputingdeliverstoendusersectorsintheregion27

4.Bestpractice:Identifyingcasestudiesforsuccessfulinvestmentinquantum38

5.PotentialchallengesandrisksforthequantumcomputingindustryinSussexandGreaterBrighton

46

6.Identifyingregionalcollaborationopportunities48

7.Appendix:Methodology51

3

EXECUTIVESUMMARY

QuantumcomputingisarapidlydevelopingfieldinwhichSussexandGreaterBrightonarewellplacedtoplayaleadingroleintheUK.Theregionbenefitsfromacademicexcellenceinthefieldofquantum,speciaIistsuppIiers(notabIyinuItra-highvacuumandmu-metaImanufacturing),aswellas

facilitiestosupportbusinessesincludingInnovationCentresattheUniversityofSussexandinCrawley.Moreover,theregionenjoysexcellenttransportconnectivityandqualityoflifethatattractstalent.Thegrowthofhighvaluesectorssuchasquantumwouldhelptodriveprosperityintheregionby

anchoringhighvaluejobslocally.

Providedthesectorisgivenappropriatesupport,weexpectthatquantumcomputinginSussexandGreaterBrightoncouldgenerateoutsizedregionalandUK-wideeconomicbenefits.Our

forecastssuggestthatby2050,thequantumsectorinSussexandGreaterBrightoncoulddirectly

generatebetween£721millionand£1.2billionofeconomicactivityandsupportbetween1,100–1,900jobsintheregion.Whenregionalsupplychainspendingimpactsandwagepaymentsareconsidered,theindustrycouldsupportagrossvalueaddedcontributionof£1.2billion–£1.9billiontotheSouth

Eastregionandsupportbetween7,000–11,400jobs.Moreover,ourforecastssuggestthatby2050,

thetotalUKwidecontributionoftheregion'squantumcomputingsectorwillbebetween£2.5billion–£4.1billion.Thiseconomicimpactisprojectedtosupportbetween25,000–40,800UKjobs.

Moreover,weexpectthatthedevelopmentofaquantumecosysteminSussexandGreater

Brightonwoulddrivesubstantialproductivitygains,leadingtoadditionaleconomicbenefits.

Firstly,quantumtechnologieshavethepotentialtoimproveproductivityinenduserindustries;ourforecastssuggestthatwidespreadadoptionofquantumtechnologiescouldlifteconomy-wide

productivityinSussexandGreaterBrightonbyaround8%by2050.Inaddition,thepresenceofa

strongquantumecosystemwouldenablesynergieswithotheradvancedtechnologiesintheregionsuchasArtificialIntelligence(AI).WiththeregionalreadypossessingstrongAIfoundations,

stakeholdershighlightedthatquantumcomputingcouIdstrengthenAI,scapabiIitiesinareassuchaspatternrecognition,whilstAIcouldhelpsolvecomplexcomputationalproblemswithinquantum

systems.

Theeconomicbenefitsoutlinedinthereportaremorelikelytoberealisedifthequantum

computingsectorinSussexandGreaterBrightonissupportedeffectively.Onanationallevel

therearewidespreadconcernsthatalackofdomesticsupportforstrategictechnologiesmeansthe

UKrisksbecomingan’incubatoreconomy,,withinnovativeBritishcompaniesshiftingtheircentre

gravityawayfromtheUKbecauseofmoreattractivefinancingoptionsoverseas.Thisisparticularly

trueofthequantumcomputingsector;asquantumfirmsarecurrentlystrugglingtofindthenecessaryscaleupfundsinBritain,UK-foundedcompaniesarepivotingtheirfocusabroad.WithmanyUK

quantumcomputingcompaniesalreadyhavinganoverseaspresence,itisrelativelyeasyforcompaniestoshifttheircentreofgravitytowardscountrieswithbetterfundingopportunities.

4

Weestimatethatiftheregion’squantumcomputingsectordoesnotreceivesufficientfunding,economicandemploymentimpactscouldbereducedbyaround40%withlosseslikelytobe

higherinthelongrun

.1

Ifotherlocationsprovidecompanieswithclearerpathstoexpansion,

companiesarelikelytorelocatecorefunctionsawayfromtheregion.Thiswillcausecorrespondingreductionsinlocalprocurementandhouseholdspending.Economiclossesarelikelytoaccelerateovertimeasquantumcapabilitiesbecomemoreestablishedinotherjurisdictionsandthe

attractivenessoftheSussexclusterdecreases.

Casestudiesillustratehowquantumecosystemsarefastdevelopingaroundtheworld,

supportedinpartbynationalandlocalgovernmentfunding.Forexample,governmentfundinghashelpedtosupportthecreationofquantumcampus’inbothChicago,MunichandHanover.Theseexamplesofferamodelforbestpractice.Eachcampushasstronglinkswithlocaluniversitieswhich

haveextensivequantumresearchcapabilities.Quantumcompanieslocatingintheseparksbenefit

fromsharedequipmentandresearchspacesaswellastraining,mentorships,andtechnicalexpertisetoscaletheircompanies.Severaloftheworld’sleadingquantumcompanies,supportedbyvarious

incentives,haveannouncedthattheywillheadquarterattheselocations.Thesecampusesare

expectedtogeneratesignificanteconomicbenefits;forexample,theChicagocampusisprojectedtocreatethousandsofjobsandgenerateupto$20billionineconomicimpact.Moreover,itislikelythattheclusteringofthesefirmsinthesamegeographicallocationwillhelptoboosttheirgrowthand

productivity;wefindstrongsupportforthisintheacademicliterature.

StakeholderinterviewsrevealthatfundingconstraintsareoneofthemostsignificantbarriersaffectingthedevelopmentofaquantumcomputingecosysteminSussexandGreaterBrighton.

Stakeholders(acrossindustry,academiaandthewiderinnovationecosystem)consistentlynotedthatcurrentfundingmodelsaretooshorttermtosupportthelongdevelopmentcyclestypicalofquantumcomputing.Academicscalledforlonger,moreflexiblegrants,andforfundingmechanismsthatenablesustainedcollaboration.Moreover,withquantumresearchandcommercialisationdependingon

accesstospecialisedfacilities,stakeholdershighlightedtheneedforaffordablelaboratoryand

industrialspace.Stakeholdersalsoemphasisedtheroleofpublicprocurementinvalidatingnew

technologies.Intervieweessuggestedthatpublicsectorpilotprojects,forinstancewiththeNHS,

MinistryofDefence,orDepartmentforTransport,couldshowcasepracticalusecases,generatecasestudies,andattractcommercialco-investment.

SussexandGreaterBrighton’squantumsuccesswillrelyoncoordinatedactionbetween

universities,councils,andindustrytoattractfirms,developskills,andstrengtheninnovation

infrastructure.Establishinga“QuantumSussex”cluster—supportedbysharedfacilitiesandspecialisttrainingwouldgivetheregionaclearidentityandasingle-entrypointforinvestorsandbusinesses.

1Forexample,intheinstancenofundingisallocatedtotheregionviathequantumcomputingallocationfromUK’sModernIndustrialStrategyorotherregionaleconomicgrowthfundingallocationssuchasUKRI’sLocal

InnovationPartnershipsFund

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1.INTRODUCTION

WebeginthereportbyprovidingcontextontheeconomicprofileofSussexandGreaterBrighton.

Thisoverviewhighlightstheexistingstrengthstheyhaveinquantumcomputing.Moreover,outliningthelocaleconomicconditionsdemonstrateshowthedevelopmentofaquantumecosystemcould

interactwith,andenhance,thebroaderregionaleconomy.

1.1SUSSEXANDGREATERBRIGHTON’SSTRENGTHSINQUANTUMCOMPUTING

SussexandGreaterBrightonpossessstrongquantumcomputingcapabilities,supportedbyacademicexcellence,specialistsuppliers,andstrongregional,nationalandinternationaltransportconnectivity.

TheUniversityofSussexanchorsthecounty’sresearchbasewithitsuniquebreadthacrossmultiple

quantumdomains,allowingtheoristsandexperimentaliststocollaborateclosely.TheSussex

InnovationCentreprovidesaffordableworkspaceandcommercialisationsupportforearly-stage

ventures,whiletheCrawleyInnovationCentreisspecificallydesignedto“providevitalgrow-onspacewhichwillenablehi-techsmallbusinessestoscaleup,prototypeanddemonstratenewtechnologies”,includingquantum

.2

Thesecentreshelpconnectresearchersandbusinesses,supportinglocalspinoutsandattractingnewentrantstotheregion.(SeeSection4formoredetailontheseinitiativesandhowtheysupportscale-upandinnovationinSussex.)

Sussexalsohostsauniquelyconcentratedclusterofvacuumtechnologyfirmsspecialisinginultra-

highvacuum(UHV)andmu-metalchambermanufacturing.Thesecapabilitiesareintegraltoquantumcomputing,andtheirco-locationwithintheregioncreatesvaluablesynergiesacrossthesupplychain.

WithGatwickAirportatitscentre,Sussexbenefitsfrominternationalairlinks,proximitytoLondon,

andaccesstothreemajorseaports(Shoreham,Newhaven,andDover)aswellasEuropeanrail

connections.Thecombinationofglobalaccessibilityandloweroperationalcostsenhancesthearea’sappealtoinvestorsandtechnologycompanies.

Finally,Sussex’squalityoflife—fromitscoastaltownstoitsculturalandacademiccommunities—

continuestoattractskilledprofessionals,students,andentrepreneurswhoseetheregionasbothaninspiringplacetoworkandadesirableplacetolive.

1.2OVERVIEWOFTHEREGION

Sussexhaslongbenefittedfromastrongeconomy,highhouseholdincomes,andproximitytoLondon,butfacesasetofstructuralpressuresthatthreatenitslong-termcompetitiveness.

AveragehousepricesinSussexremainconsistentlyhigherthantheUKaverageandhavecontinuedtoriseinrecentyears(seeFig.1),reflectingboththeregion’sdesirabilityanditsstrongtransport

connectivitytoLondon.ThisaccessibilityhasmadeSussexanattractivelocationforthosewhoworkinLondonbutprefertoliveoutsidethecapital,leadingmanytocommutedaily.However,thispattern

2CrawleyBoroughCouncil

CrawleyBoroughCounciltakespossessionofCrawleyInnovationCentre,

accessedOctober2025.

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hascontributedtorisinghousingcosts,sustainedinpartbyLondon-levelwages,andhaswidenedtheaffordabilitygapforlocalworkers.Forearly-careerresearchersandtechnicalstaff,thisdynamiccan

makeitdifficulttoliveneartheirplaceofwork,reinforcingpatternsofcommutingandmobility

towardLondon.SeveralprofessorsattheUniversityofSussexweinterviewednotedtheriskofthiscontributingtoaregionalbraindrain.Strengtheninghigh-valuesectorsintheregion,suchas

quantumcomputing,canhelpcounterthistrendbyanchoringbetter-paid,knowledge-basedjobslocally.

Fig.1.AveragehousepricesinSussexandtheUK(2000–2050)

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Sources:OxfordEconomics,ONS

Historically,Sussex’sunemploymentratehasbeenlowerthantheUKaverage,reflectingarelatively

strongregionaleconomyanddiverseemploymentbase(seeFig.2).However,since2024,

unemploymentinSussexhasedgedabovethenationalaverageandisprojectedtoremainelevatedintheneartermbeforegraduallydeclining.Thisindicatesalocallabourmarketintransition,whichcouldbenefitfromnewsourcesofresilient,future-facingemployment.Investmentininnovation-intensive

industrieslikequantumcomputingcanhelpgeneratehigh-skilljobopportunities.

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Fig.2.UnemploymentrateinSussexandtheUK(2000–2050)

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Theheatmappresentedin

Fig.3

illustratesemploymentlevelsacrosstheregion,highlightingareasofhigherandlowerworkforceconcentration.Employmentisheavilyconcentratedinurbanand

economichubssuchasBrightonandCrawley(whichhostsGatwickAirport),wherefiguresreachthe

highestrange(90thousand–170thousand).Incontrast,moreruralandcoastalareasacrosstheregionshowloweremploymentlevels,highlightingtheurban–ruraldivideinjobdistribution.

Fig.3.SussexandGreaterBrightonemploymentin2025

Source:OxfordEconomics

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Theheatmappresentedin

Fig.4

displayspopulationdistributionacrosstheregion,thelargest

populationsareconcentratedinurbancentressuchasBrightonandCrawley,whilethesurroundingruralandcoastaldistrictshavesmallerpopulations.

Fig.4.SussexandGreaterBrightonpopulationin2025

Source:OxfordEconomics

TheproportionofSussex’spopulationaged16–64hasbeensteadilydecliningsince2008andis

projectedtocontinuefallingthroughto2050,evenastheoverallpopulationgrows.Thisindicatesastagnatingworking-agebaseandagrowingshareofretirees,increasingpressureonlocalservices

andemployers.Hence,regionalprosperitywilldependontheabilitytoattractandretainhigh-skilledworkersandtoboostproductivitythroughinnovation.Supportinghigh-valuesectorssuchas

quantumcomputingoffersadualopportunity:sustainingSussex’stalentbasebycreatingcompellinglocalcareerpathsanddrivingproductivitygrowthinademographicallyconstrainedeconomy.

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Fig.5.ProportionofSussex’spopulationaged16–64(2000–2050)

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2.THEECONOMICIMPACTOFTHEQUANTUMCOMPUTINGSECTORINSUSSEXANDGREATERBRIGHTON

Thischapteranalysestheeconomiccontributioncurrentlysupportedbythequantumcomputing

industryitselfinSussexandGreaterBrighton.Todosoweusegrossvalueadded,ametricusedto

quantifythecontributiontoGDP,aswellasemployment.Estimatesareshownfor2025andapointinthefuturewhenquantumcomputingisfullydevelopedandwidelyadoptedacrosstherestofthe

economy.ThelatterpointisconjecturedtooccurinlinewiththepredictionsforUniversalQuantumspecifically,butthemodellingintuitionremainsthesamenomatterwhichyearthistakesplace.

Thischapterdoesnotdiscusstheproductivitybenefitsdeliveredtoenduserindustries,whicharepresentedinChapter3.

2.1DEFININGTHEINDUSTRYANDTHEEXISTINGREGIONALOFFERING

WeworkedwiththeteamatMidSussexDistrictCouncilandWinfriedHensinger,Professorof

QuantumTechnologiesattheUniversityofSussexandco-founderofUniversalQuantum,toidentifyquantumfirmscurrentlyworkinginSussex.Theexistingregisteredcompaniesworkingexclusivelyinquantumcomputingare:

3

•UniversalQuantum;

•CDO2Ltd;and

•Bosonic;

Thecurrentdefinitionofthequantumcomputingsectorfocusesprimarilyonactivecompanieswhoseeconomicimpactcanalreadybemodelledandmeasured.However,thisapproachoverlooksa

growingnumberofemergingcompaniesthatarenearingcommercialisationandcouldpotentially

playavitalroleintheindustry.Forexample,Speqraisaspin-outcompanyfromtheUniversityof

Sussexwhichwasfoundedin2025.Asthecompanyisinsuchearlystagesofdevelopment,wearenotabletoaccountforitseconomicimpactinourmodelling.Thesecompaniesaredeveloping

innovationswhicharenotyetfullycapturedinexistingassessmentsbutmaybecomeessentialtothebroaderquantumecosystem.Asthesetechnologiesmatureandenterthemarket,theyareexpectedtosignificantlyexpandthescope,capability,andeconomiccontributionofthesector.

UniversalQuantumisthelargestplayerinthequantumcomputingindustryinSussex,currentlyrepresenting95%oftheemploymentoftheindustry.Forthisreason,theupcomingmodellingframeworkisinformedbyengagementandinterviewswithUniversalQuantum’sstaffontheiroperationstoinformourmodellingassumptions.Interviewswereconductedwiththerelevantstakeholderson:

3Thisincludesquantumhardware,software,andsensing.

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•Currentemployment

•Futureemploymentforecasts

•Futuregrowthforecasts

•Overviewofsupplychainspending

•R&Dstrategy

2.1.1Currentemployment

DataontheemploymentoftheremainingfirmsweresourcedfromLinkedIninAugust2025.Intotal,weestimatethattheindustrycurrentlyemploys74peopleinSussexandGreaterBrighton.

AlthoughcurrentemploymentlevelsinthequantumsectorwithinSussexandGreaterBrightonremainmodestduetotheemergentnatureoftheindustry,theregionpossessesanexceptionaltalent

pipelinepoisedtosupportfuturegrowth,largelydrivenbytheUniversityofSussex.Theuniversityhasestablishedoneofthemostcomprehensivequantumcomputingtrainingprogrammesintheworld,

helpingtoaddresstheglobalshortageofskilledprofessionalsinthisemergingfield.Itwasthefirst

universityintheUKtointroduceafour-yearundergraduatedegreeinquantumtechnology,where

studentsengageinactiveresearchfromtheverystartoftheirstudies.SussexalsooffersaMscin

QuantumTechnologiesandasaUKfirst,offersanOnlineDistanceLearningQuantumTechnology

master’sdegree.Furtherstrengtheningthispipeline,theUniversityofSussex—togetherwiththe

UniversityofBristol—operatea£24millionEPSRCCentreforDoctoralTraininginQuantum

InformationScienceandTechnologies,supporting18newPhDstudentseachyear.Collectively,theseinitiativesensurethatSussexisnotonlynurturingahighlyskilledquantumworkforcebutalso

positioningthecountyasacriticalcontributortotheUK’sgrowingquantumcomputingsector.

2.1.2CurrentGDPcontribution

Estimatesofthequantumindustry’scontributiontotheregion’sGDParebasedonmeasuresoflabourproductivity(grossvalueaddedperhead)sourcedfromcomparableindustriesusingONSdata

.4

.

Basedonthisapproachweestimatethequantumcomputingindustrygeneratesa£9milliongross

valueaddedcontributiontothecounty’sGDP

.5

BycomparingthisresulttoourpreviousanalysisoftheUKquantumsector,weestimatethatSussexandGreaterBrightoncurrentlyrepresent11%oftheUK’sGDPcontributionofthequantumcomputinghardwaresector

.6

GiventhatSussexandGreater

Brightoncontributeapproximately2%tototaleconomywideUKGDP,thisdemonstratesthestrengthofthequantumcomputingsectorinthecounty.

4ONS,

"Non-financialbusinesseconomy,UK:SectionsAtoS",

April2024.

5GrossvalueaddedisthecontributioneachfirmorsectormakestoUKGDP.Itiseasiestthoughtofasthe

differencebetweenthevalueasector’soutputissoldforminusthecostofboughtininputsofgoodsand

servicesthatarepurchasedandusedupintheproductionofthatoutput.Grossdomesticproduct(GDP)isthemainmeasureofacountry’seconomicoutput.Itistheindicatorusedtocomparetherelativesizesofdifferentcountries’economiesandtheirrateofgrowth.

6GiventhatUniversalQuantum(aquantumhardwarecompany)isthelargestplayerintheregion,quantum

computinginSussexandGreaterBrightoniscurrentlyconcentratedinthehardwaresector.OxfordEconomics,February2025.

EnsuringthattheUKcancapturethebenefitsofquantumcomputing.

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2.2MULTIPLIERIMPACTSOFTHEQUANTUMCOMPUTINGINDUSTRY

TheimpactofthequantumcomputingindustryontheUKandSussexandGreaterBrighton

economiesisassessedusinganeconomicimpactassessment.Thisinvolvesquantifyingthecompany’seconomiccontributionacrossthreechannelsofexpenditure

(Fig.6)

.Thechannelsofimpactare:

•DirectimpactrelatestotheemploymentandeconomicactivitygeneratedbytheindustryitselfandhighlightedinSection3.1.

•Indirectimpactcapturestheeconomicbenefitstimulatedbythequantumcomputing

industry’sprocurementofinputsofgoodsandservicesfromitsregionalandUKsupplychain.

•Inducedimpactcomprisesthewidereconomicbenefitsthatarisefromthepaymentofwagesbythequantumcomputingindustryanditssupplychain.

Fig.6.Schematicofthechannelsofeconomicimpact

2.2.1Indirectimpacts

TheimpactoftheindustryinSussexandGreaterBrightonextendsbeyondthecontributionofits

operationsalone.Theindustryprocuresarangeofinputsofgoodsandservices.Throughthis

procurementspendonlocally-madegoodsandservices,thequantumcomputingindustrystimulatesfurthereconomicactivityandemploymentatfirmsintheregion.Thiscontributionalongthesupplychainoftheindustryisknownastheindirectchannel.

Weestimatethequantumcomputingsector’sprocurementsupportsaGDPcontributionof£13.5millionand183jobsalongitssupplychainacrosstheentireUKeconomy.Thequantumcomputing

13

sectorsupportsaGDPcontributionof£3.4millionand39jobsintheSouthEastregionitself.Thisisequivalentto25%and21%oftheindustry’stotalcontributiontotheUKeconomy,respectively.

Whilethisindirectimpactisspreadacrossvariousindustries,thelargestindirectgrossvalueaddedcontributionisestimatedtobestimulatedinthemanufactureofmachineryandtheresearchanddevelopmentsectors.

Thereasonthatmuchofthesupplychainimpactisconcentratedinthemanufactureofmachinery

industryisbecauseitencompassesvacuumtechnologycompanies(seeBox1).ThestrongpresenceofvacuumtechnologycompaniesintheSouthEastenablesquantumcomputingfirmstosourcekey

componentslocally,allowingSussexandGreaterBrightontoretainagreatershareoftheeconomicandinnovationbenefitsgeneratedbythequantumcomputingindustry.Weestimatethatforthis

reason30%ofUniversalQuantum’sprocurementissourcedfromcompaniesintheSouthEast.

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Box1.TheSussexandGreaterBrightonVacuumCluster:aregionaladvantage

SussexhostsoneofEurope’slargestandmostuniquelyconcentratedclustersofvacuum

technologyfirms,specialisinginultra-highvacuum(UHV)andmu-metalchamber

manufacturing.Thiscapabilityiscriticalforquantumcomputing,wheremagneticshieldingandenvironmentalisolationareparamount.UHVsystemsprovidethepristine,particle-free

conditionsnecessarytomaintainqubitcoherenceandoperationalstability.

ThismapillustratesthegeographicconcentrationofvacuumtechnologyfirmsacrossWestandEastSussex.

Source:KurtJ.LeskerCompany

Sussex’sheritageinvacuumexcellencestretchesbackto1953,whenEdwardsVacuum

relocateditsoperationstoCrawley,expandingacrossseveralsitesinSussex.Vacuum

Generators,foundedinEastGrinsteadin1964,becameanothercornerstoneofthelocal

industry,helpingtoestablishadeepecosystemofexpertiseandsuppliersthatcontinuestoday.

15

Theregion’scompaniesandengineersnowsupportresearchandproductionfacilities

worldwide,includingStanford,MIT,NASA,Brookhaven,SpaceX,andMicrosoft.WithintheUK,Sussex-madeequipmentunderpinsactivityatStrathclyde,Daresbury,Harwell,DiamondLightSource,SPTS,andPlesseySemiconductor,strengtheningthenation’ssovereigncapability.

Attheheartofthisclusterisaworkforcewithunparalleledhands-onexperienceincreatingUHVenvironmentsthatmatchthevacuumofspace.Thisconcentrationofskillsand

infrastructuregive