PEP小学六年级英语下册知识点归纳及练习

PEP小学六年级英语下册知识点归纳及练习同学们，家长朋友们，大家好！小学六年级下册的英语学习，是对整个小学阶段英语知识的总结与升华，也是为初中学习打下坚实基础的关键时期。为了帮助大家更好地梳理和巩固本学期的重点知识，我特意将本册的核心知识点进行了归纳，并配套了一些针对性的练习，希望能对大家有所助益。一、核心时态回顾与巩固六年级下册的英语学习，时态依然是重中之重。我们主要围绕以下几种时态展开：（一）一般过去时(SimplePastTense)*含义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。*常用时间状语：yesterday(昨天),lastweek(上周),lastyear(去年),twodaysago(两天前),justnow(刚才),in20XX(在某年，注：此处避免具体四位数字年份，可用“在过去的某个年份”等表述)等。*动词构成：*规则动词：在词尾加-ed。*清辅音后读/t/(如worked,helped)*浊辅音和元音后读/d/(如played,listened)*结尾是/t/或/d/音后读/ɪd/(如wanted,needed)*特殊变化：如live-lived,like-liked,stop-stopped(双写尾字母加ed),study-studied(变y为i加ed)。*不规则动词：需要特殊记忆，如go-went,do-did,eat-ate,see-saw,buy-bought,get-got,is/am-was,are-were,have/has-had等。*基本句型：*肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他。(e.g.,Iwenttotheparkyesterday.)*否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形+其他。(e.g.,Ididn'tgototheparkyesterday.)*一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他?肯定回答：Yes,主语+did.否定回答：No,主语+didn't.(e.g.,Didyougototheparkyesterday?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn't.)*特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他?(e.g.,Wheredidyougoyesterday?)（二）一般将来时(SimpleFutureTense)*含义：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。*常用时间状语：tomorrow(明天),nextweek(下周),nextyear(明年),soon(不久),thisevening(今天晚上)等。*基本结构：*begoingto+动词原形(表示计划、打算或有迹象要发生)*(e.g.,Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparentstomorrow.It'sgoingtorain.)*will/shall+动词原形(表示客观上将要发生或临时决定)*(e.g.,Iwillstudyhard.Shallwegonow?-第一人称常用shall，其余用will)*基本句型：*肯定句：主语+am/is/aregoingto+动词原形+其他./主语+will+动词原形+其他.*否定句：主语+am/is/arenotgoingto+动词原形+其他./主语+willnot(won't)+动词原形+其他.*一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他?/Will+主语+动词原形+其他?*肯定回答：Yes,主语+am/is/are./Yes,主语+will.*否定回答：No,主语+amnot/isn't/aren't./No,主语+won't.*特殊疑问句：疑问词+am/is/are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他?/疑问词+will+主语+动词原形+其他?（三）现在进行时(PresentContinuousTense)*含义：表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。*常用时间状语：now(现在),look(看),listen(听)等。*基本结构：主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词(动词-ing形式)。*动词-ing形式构成：*一般在词尾加-ing(如play-playing,read-reading)。*以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e加-ing(如make-making,write-writing)。*以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写这个辅音字母再加-ing(如run-running,swim-swimming,shop-shopping)。*基本句型：*肯定句：主语+am/is/are+动词-ing+其他.(e.g.,Iamreadingabooknow.)*否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+动词-ing+其他.(e.g.,Heisnotplayingfootball.)*一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+动词-ing+其他?(e.g.,Aretheysinging?)*肯定回答：Yes,主语+am/is/are.*否定回答：No,主语+amnot/isn't/aren't.*特殊疑问句：疑问词+am/is/are+主语+动词-ing+其他?(e.g.,Whatareyoudoing?)二、重点词汇分类与拓展本册词汇丰富，建议同学们按主题进行整理和记忆，并注意词形变化（如名词复数、动词过去式、现在分词等）。1.学校生活与学习：school,classroom,teacher,student,pupil,subject(Chinese,Math,English,Music,Art,PE,Science),lesson,book,pen,pencil,ruler,bag,desk,chair,study,learn,read,write,draw,sing,dance,play,run,jump,swim...2.时间与日期：year,month,week,day,hour,minute,second,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday,Sunday,January,February,...,December,morning,afternoon,evening,night,today,tomorrow,yesterday,now,then...3.节假日活动：holiday,birthday,Children'sDay,NationalDay,Christmas,SpringFestival,party,gift,cake,singsongs,eatgoodfood,getpresents,visitgrandparents,goshopping,watchTV...4.交通工具：bike,bus,car,taxi,train,plane,ship,subway,onfoot...5.情绪与感受：happy,sad,angry,excited,tired,bored,scared,worried,proud,surprised...6.能力与意愿：can,can't,will,wouldlike,want,may...7.动词及其过去式（核心不规则动词）：*go-went*do/does-did*eat-ate*see-saw*buy-bought*get-got*have/has-had*is/am-was*are-were*say-said*tell-told*make-made*take-took*run-ran*swim-swam*fly-flew*ride-rode*drive-drove*meet-met*leave-left*give-gave*drink-drank*sing-sang*dance-danced(规则)*play-played(规则)*visit-visited(规则)三、重点句型与情景交际（一）谈论过去的事情(一般过去时)*Wheredidyougoonyourholiday?IwenttoBeijing.*Howdidyougothere?Iwentbytrain.*Whatdidyoudothere?IvisitedtheGreatWall.*Didyouhaveagoodtime?Yes,Idid./No,Ididn't.*Iwaslateyesterday.TheywereintheparklastSunday.（二）谈论未来的计划(一般将来时)*Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?Iamgoingtodomyhomework.*Whereareyougoingnextweekend?Wearegoingtothezoo.*HowwillyougotoShanghai?Iwillgobyplane.*I'mgoingtovisitmyaunt.Shewillbehappy.（三）谈论正在进行的动作(现在进行时)*Whatareyoudoing?Iamreadingastorybook.*Look!Thebirdissinging.*Listen!Someoneisknockingatthedoor.*Heisnotplayingbasketball.Heisplayingfootball.（四）询问和表达感受*Howareyoufeelingtoday?I'mhappy.*Youlooksad.What'sthematter?Ilostmypen.*I'mexcitedbecauseIwillgotothepark.（五）询问和表达能力*Canyouswim?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.*Icanplaythepiano.ShecansingEnglishsongs.（六）购物相关*CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?IwantaT-shirt.*Howmuchisit?It'sfiftyyuan.*Thisdressistooexpensive.Doyouhaveacheaperone?四、针对性练习练习一：用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Tom______(go)toschoolbybikeyesterday.2.They______(play)basketballnow.3.I______(visit)mygrandparentsnextSunday.4.Sheoften______(read)booksintheevening.(提示：一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数)5.______you______(eat)lunchatschoolyesterday?6.Look!Thechildren______(dance)happily.7.Mymother______(buy)anewbagformelastweek.8.We______(notwatch)TVtomorrowevening.We______(see)afilm.练习二：选择正确的答案。1.-What______you______lastnight?IwatchedTV.A.do,doB.did,doC.did,did2.He______goingtobuyanewcar.A.amB.isC.are3.Mybrother______inBeijinglastyear.A.liveB.livesC.lived4.______theyplayfootballtomorrow?A.WillB.DidC.Do5.Listen!Thebirds______inthetree.A.singB.sangC.aresinging练习三：按要求改写句子。1.IwenttotheparklastSunday.(改为一般疑问句)__________________totheparklastSunday?2.Sheisgoingtobuyanewskirt.(对划线部分提问，划线部分：buyanewskirt)____________shegoingto______?3.Theyareplayinggamesnow.(改为否定句)They____________gamesnow.4.Hewillgotoschoolbybus.(改为一般将来时的另一种表达)He__________________gotoschoolbybus.练习四：根据图片或中文提示完成对话或句子。1.A:Howdidyougotothezoo?B:I__________________(骑自行车去的).2.A:Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?B:I________________________(打算去看电影).3.Look!Thegirl____________(正在读书).4.I______(感到兴奋)becauseIgotagoodpresent.五、参考答案与解析（部分）练习一：1.went(yesterday提示用一般过去时，go的过去式是went)2.areplaying(now提示用现在进行时)3.amgoingtovisit/willvisit(nextSunday提示用一般将来时)4.reads(often提示用一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数，read加s)5.Did,eat(yesterday提示用一般过去时，一般疑问句用did开头，动词用原形)6.aredancing(L