2025年年终全球人工智能状况报告

HighlightsEdition

ArtificialAnalysisStateofAI

ArtificialAnalysisStateofAI:2025Year-EndEdition

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ArtificialAnalysisStateofAI:

2025Year-EndEdition

Justseveralmonthsago,inaletterjustlikethisone,weproclaimedthatrumorsofAIprogressslowinghadbeengreatlyexaggerated.Inearly2026,theideathatwewouldstartaletterlikethatseems

ridiculous.

Atthestartof2025,codingagentsdidn'texist.Bytheendoftheyear,theprofessionofsoftwareengineeringhadchangedforever-from

copy-pastingcodeintoChatGPTandCursorChattoinstructingagentsthatworkautonomouslyforseveralminutesatatime.Weexpect2026tobetheyearofagentsforeverythingelse.

Therewasnoconsolidationoftheracein2025–competitiononlyintensified,contributingtothecostofeverylevelofintelligence

continuingtofallconsistently.Progresswasdrivenbylabsscalingreinforcementlearning,focusingonlargesparsemixture-of-expertarchitectures,thearrivalofBlackwellhardwareandmore.

ProducedbyArtificialAnalysis,theleadingindependentAI

benchmarkingandinsightsprovider,this2025StateofAIReportis

designedtoinformproduct,engineeringandinvestmentdecisionsinanincreasinglyAI-nativeworld.

Formoredetails,contactusat

founders@artificialanalysis.ai

6

—MicahHill-SmithandGeorgeCameron,FoundersofArtificialAnalysis

Contents

1.IndustryOverview

OverviewofmarketmovementsandtrendsbykeyplayersintheAIindustry

2.LanguageModels

Trendsinfrontierlanguagemodels,including

increasingagenticintelligence,costandefficiencyimprovements

3.ImageandVideo

TrendsinfrontierimageandVideo

includinganoverviewoftheleadingmodelsinArtificialAnalysisImageandVideoArenas

4.SpeechandAudio

Trendsacrossnewspeechandmusic

modelsandanoverviewofnewandleadingmodelsintheArtificialAnalysisSpeechArena

5.Accelerators

OverviewoftheAIacceleratormarketincludingmarkettrends,available

acceleratorsandverticalintegrationbyselectchipmakers

01

8

01.IndustryOverview

Agentstakeoff

2025markedtheshiftfromsingle-query

Nativespeechtospeech

modelsgiverisetovoice

agents

TheAIindustrybecomesmore

contested

TheAIlandscapediversifiedsignificantly

in2025,withanexpandinglistof

companiesreleasingmodels.In2026,

weexpecttheracewillcontinueto

workloadstomulti-turnagentictasks.

2025sawamassiveimprovementin

speechtospeechqualitywiththe

developmentofnativeaudioreasoning

models,layingthefoundationsforvoice

agents

Codingagentsledearlyadoption;2026

willlikelyexpandagentsintobroader

enterpriseworkloads

becomemorecompetitive,notless

Reasoningmodelsbecomethe

statusquo

Imageeditingandvideogenerationgomainstream

5majortrendsshapedtheAIindustryin2025

Imageeditingandvideogeneration

reachedmainstreamviability,with

modelslikeGemini2.5Flash(Nano

Banana)deliveringstep-change

qualityimprovements

Atthestartof2025,OpenAI’so1

wastheonly‘reasoning’model,

however2025sawallAIlabsdevelop

reasoningmodelsthatnowoccupy

thespotsforthemostintelligent

models

01.IndustryOverview

GooglecontinuestobepositionedasAI'smostverticallyintegratedplayerfromTPUacceleratorstoGeminiapplications,spanningacrosstheentireAIvaluechain

NON-EXHAUSTIVE

KeyPlayersintheAIValueChain

ClassificationsareindicativeanddeterminedbasedonarangeoffactorsincludingmarketshareandstrengthofofferingNopresenceStrongpresence

Applications

Foundation

models(firstparty)

Cloud Inference(firstparty)

AcceleratorHardware

OpenAI

Anthropic

GGoogle

Microsoft

SambaNova

Amazon

DeepSeek

Snowflake

Databricks

Perplexity

Cerebras

Together.ai

Mistral

Alibaba

Cohere

NVIDIA

Meta

IBM

Groq

AMD

xAI

Fireworks

Nebius

9

Source:Companywebsite

01.IndustryOverview

TheAIlandscapeisbecomingincreasinglycompetitive,withnewinternationallabsenteringtheracein2025,thoughUSandChinafirmlylead

Keyplayerswithfirst-partymodelsbymodalityNON-EXHAUSTIVENomodelExistingmodel

SouthKorea

China

Other

Video

UnitedStates

OpenAI

Google

Meta

xAI

Anthropic

Microsoft

Amazon

NVIDIA

Adobe

ElevenLabs

Perplexity

Ai2

Midjourney

IBM

Alibaba

Tencent

Xiaomi

Baidu

DeepSeek

Bytedance

MiniMax

Z.ai

Kuaishou

MoonshotAI

LG

NAVER

Korea

ktTelecom

Upstage

Mistral

AI21labsAI21Labs

Cohere

MBZUAI

Language

Speech

Image

10

Source:Companywebsite

01.IndustryOverview

OpenAIbeganandended2025withthemostcapablelanguagemodel,buttheirleadisnarrowerthanever

FrontierLargeLanguageModel(LLM)IntelligencetillJan2026

ArtificialAnalysisIntelligenceIndexv4.0incorporates10evaluations:GDPval-AA,²-BenchTelecom,Terminal-BenchHard,SciCode,AA-LCR,AA-Omniscience,IFBench,Humanity'sLastExam,GPQADiamond,CritPt

GPT-5.2(xhigh)

Gemini3Pro

Preview(high)

Grok4

Claude4.5Opus(Reasoning)

o1

DeepSeekV3.2(Reasoning)

Llama4Maverick

G

TheintelligencefrontierisnowfiercelycontestedbetweenOpenAI,Anthropic,andGooglewithincreasingcompetitionfromlabsfromChina.MetahasrestructureditsAIeffortsandhasnotreleasedanewmodelsinceApril2025

11

Source:ArtificialAnalysisindependentbenchmarking

12

01.IndustryOverview

Efficiencyimprovedthroughmodelscaling…howeverlargerreasoningmodelsandmore

andhardware/softwareoptimizations…agenticworkloadsmeancomputedemand

continuedtoincrease

GPT-4levelintelligenceisnow100xcheaperthanoriginalGPT-4

Newapplicationscontinuetodemandmorecompute:asingledeepresearchquerycancost>10xanoriginalGPT-4query

A.SmallerModelsandSparsity

Algorithmicandtrainingdataimprovements

C.HardwareEfficiency

Nextgenerationacceleratorsoffer

B.SoftwareEfficiency

haveallowedsmaller

modelstogetsmarter

Inferenceoptimizations(e.g.FlashAttention)

improveefficiency

~1/3x

compute

~1/10x

compute

morecompute

efficiency

~1/3x

costs

~20x

requests/use

F.AIAgents

~10x

Agentschainmultiple

tokens/query

~5x

requeststoLLMsto

completetasks

E.ReasoningModels

compute/query

Significantincreasein

outputtokenswhen

models‘think’before

answering

autonomouslyacross

D.LargerModels

longconversations

todemandhigher

parametercountsfor

greaterintelligence

Scalinglawscontinue

Figuresarehighlyindicativeandservetoillustratethedirectional

impactofeachfactorimpactingcost

02

14

02.LanguageModels

2025wasdefinedbythereasoningparadigm,drivingsignificantintelligencegains,fallingcosts,andtheriseofagenticAI,asopenweightsandgloballabsnarrowedthegapwithUSfrontier

Keythemes

A.2025sawasignificantincreaseinmodelintelligence,drivenbya

paradigmshifttowardsreasoning

modelsthat‘think’beforeanswering

•

•

Byend-2025,OpenAI,Anthropic,andGoogleledtheintelligencefrontierwithreasoning-firstmodelsthat‘think’beforeanswering-markingaclearbreakfromearly2025,whennon-reasoningmodelsheldthe

topspotsasthemostintelligentmodels

Atthesametime,thereasoningparadigmmateriallyexpandedaverageworkloadsizeasmodelsgeneratedfarmoreoutputtokenswhen‘thinking’,whiledrivinghigherperformanceacross

general/scientificreasoning,long-horizonagentictasks,andcoding

B.2025markedtheriseofagenticAI,withmodelsincreasinglyexecuting

long-horizontasksend-to-end

•

•

•

Agentsevolvedfromtargetedusecases(e.g.deepresearch)togeneralizedtools,withfrontiermodelsnowreliablyorchestratingmulti-stepworkflowsacrossdomains

Toolcallingtrainingisnowuniversalwithmostmodelsreleasedin2025havingbeenpre-trainedandRL-optimizedforagentictaskexecution

Longhorizoncodingtaskswerethelargestbeneficiariesofimprovementsinagenticworkflowwithaclearproliferationofcodingagentsbeingreleasedin2025bysmallplayersandincumbents

C.2025witnessedademocratizationoffoundationmodels,thoughtheUSandChinamaintainasignificantlead

•

•

AIlabsfromacrosstheworld,includingEurope,MiddleEast,andAsiacontinuedtoreleasecompetitivefoundationmodels,howeverfrontiercapabilitiesremainconcentratedaroundUS(OpenAI,Anthropic,

Google)andChina(MoonshotAI,Z.ai,DeepSeek,Minimax)

WhiletheUSlabscontinuetoleadthedevelopmentofproprietaryfrontiermodels,Chineselabscontinuetoreleasefrontieropenweightsmodels

D.2025sawnewopenweightsmodelscontinuetokeeppacewithproprietarymodelsinintelligence,howeverthe

frontierisheldbyproprietarymodels

•

•

In2025,theopenweightsecosystemexpandedandbytheendof2025,themostcapableopenweightsmodelswereincreasinglyfromChineselabs

Throughout2025,openweightsmodelsbroadlykeptpacewithproprietarymodels,butproprietarymodelsstillledoverallintelligence

E.Thecostofintelligencefell

significantlyforo1-levelintelligence

•

Pricepertokenfell128xfortheo1-levelintelligencethat2025beganwith–drivenprimarilybysmallermodelsachievinghigherlevelofintelligence,aswellassoftwareandhardwareoptimizations

02.LanguageModels

A.Asattheendof2025,OpenAI,xAIandAnthropicleadfrontierintelligencewiththeirlatestreasoningmodelswithasignificantgaptothenextsetofAIlabs

LeadingLargeLanguageModels(LLMs)

ReasoningModel

ArtificialAnalysisIntelligenceIndexv4.0incorporates10evaluations:GDPval-AA,²-BenchTelecom,Terminal-BenchHard,SciCode,AA-LCR,AA-Omniscience,IFBench,Humanity'sLastExam,GPQADiamond,CritPt

•ThereasoningparadigmthatgaveOpenAIadecisiveleadatthestartof2025hasnowbeenadoptedbynearlyeverymajorlab,compressingOpenAI’sleadinoverallmodelintelligence

•DeepSeekR1releasedatthestartof2025,markedaturningpointasthefirstopenweightsreasoningmodelchallengingOpenAI’slead,trainedusingnoveltechniquesforpre-trainingandreinforcementlearning

•OpenAIstillleadswithGPT-5.2(xhigh),butcompetesinanincreasinglycrowdedfrontierwhereAnthropic,Google,xAI,andChineselabshaveallreleasedcompetitivereasoningmodels

15

Source:ArtificialAnalysisindependentbenchmarking

02.LanguageModels

A.Modelsreleasedin2025pushedtheintelligence-costfrontier:organizationscannowaccesshigherintelligenceatequivalentpricepoints,orequivalentintelligenceatmateriallylowercost

Intelligencevs.CosttoRunIntelligenceIndex(ParetoFrontiers)

ArtificialAnalysisIntelligenceIndexv4.0incorporates10evaluations:GDPval-AA,²-BenchTelecom,Terminal-BenchHard,SciCode,AA-LCR,AA-Omniscience,IFBench,Humanity'sLastExam,GPQADiamond,CritPt;CosttoRunIntelligenceIndex;Paretofrontierovertime

16

Source:ArtificialAnalysisindependentbenchmarking

17

02.LanguageModels

A.DeepDive:Largermodels(measuredbytotalparametercount)achievereliablyhigher

AA-Omniscienceaccuracyscores…

AA-OmniscienceAccuracyvs.TotalParameters(OpenWeightsModels)

AA-OmniscienceAccuracy;SizeinParameters(Billions)

18

02.LanguageModels

A.DeepDive:…buthallucinationrateislesscorrelatedwiththesizeofthemodel,indicatinggreaterimpactofothertrainingdecisions

AA-OmniscienceHallucinationRatevs.TotalParameters(OpenWeightsModels)

AA-OmniscienceHallucinationRate;SizeinParameters(Billions)

19

02.LanguageModels

B.2025wastheyearcodingagentsbegantowork;2026willbetheyear'agentsforeverything’begintowork

GPT-4released,enabling

seemingly-intelligentchat-

basedAIinterfacesandbroad

globaladoption

Reasoningbecamethe

standardinfrontiermodels,

andcodingagentsbeganto

work

20222023202420252026

ChatGPT(poweredbyGPT-

3.5)launched,bringing

LLMsintobroadpublicuse

GPT-4oexpandedmultimodal

functionalityenablingmodelsto

processandgeneratecontent

acrossdifferentmodalities(e.g.

image,video&speech)

Agentssteadilybegintotakeonawiderrangeofworktasks

?

02.LanguageModels

B.DeepDive:Asweshifttowardagenticworkflows,moreoutputtokensdoesn’ttranslatetohigherintelligence;intelligenceismoredrivenbyusingvarioustoolseffectively

GDPval-AA:ELOvs.TotalTokenUsage

GDPval-AAELO;TotaltokensusedtorunGDPval-AA

Amongfrontiermodels,Google'sandAnthropic’sleadingmodelsrepresenttheParetofrontierfortokenefficiencyinlonghorizonagentictasks

20

Source:ArtificialAnalysisindependentbenchmarking

02.LanguageModels

C.BeijingisemergingasahuboffrontierAIstartupactivity;Established“BigTech”

companiesaremoregeographicallydispersedwithnosinglenexusoftechinnovation

1

2

3

4

1Beijing

China’sleadingAIresearchcenter,combiningtopuniversities(Tsinghua,Peking),theBeijingAcademyofArtificialIntelligence,theworld'slargestconcentrationofAI

scientists,andZhongguancunScienceParktodominatefoundationalresearch

lilByteDance

⃞MoonshotAl

2Shanghai

AIhubfeaturingShanghaiFoundationModelInnovationCenter(China'sfirstandlargestfoundationmodelincubator),theShanghaiAILaboratory,andgovernmentinitiatives

targetinga$55billionAIindustrywithstrongsemiconductormanufacturingsupport

2Hangzhou

RisingAIhubpioneeringsmartcityapplicationsthroughAlibaba'sCityBrainplatform

andadedicated3.43sqkmAITownwithfull5Gcoverageforresearchanddevelopment

E2-amnceepseek

4Shenzhen

China'sAIhardwareandroboticsmanufacturingcapital,leveragingitsworld-class

electronicssupplychainandgiantslikeHuawei,Tencent,andDJIforAIdevelopment

Tencen广腾讯

Source:Crunchbase,PressSearch

02.LanguageModels

C.Korea’sgovernment-backedSovereignAIInitiativehascatalyzedthedomesticAI

ecosystem,producingmultiplenear-frontierAIlabs

NON-EXHAUSTIVE口

ShortlistedintheNationalInitiative

DescriptionofkeyKoreanmodellabs

⃞LGAIResearch

ipstage荨

Korea

Telecom

DescriptionAIresearcharmofLG

Koreantelecomgiant

AIstartupfoundedin

SouthKorea’smost

Establishedgame

Foundedin1981,KTis

Seoul-basedAI

Group.LGAIResearch

foundedin1984that

2020bySungKim(ex-

widelyusedsearch-

developerbehindhits

oneofthecountry’s

startupdeveloping

hasbeentheclear

leadsthelocal

NaverAIlead)that

engineandinternet

likeLineageandGuild

largesttelecom

proprietaryLLMand

front-runnerinthe

wirelessmarket.

hasquicklybecomea

conglomeratefounded

Wars,whoseAIarm

playersandprimarily

multimodalmodels.

KoreanAIraceforthe

Developinglanguage

powerhousein

in1999.Naverisnow

focusesonin-game

intendstointegrateits

Motifemphasizes

pastyear,consistently

modelsaspartof

Korea’ssovereignAI

applyingAIacross

andindustrialAIuse

AIstrategyinto

fullyhomegrown

leadinginintelligence

broaderdigital

racewithstrong

search,cloud,and

cases

existingproductsfor

architecture

benchmarks

transformationefforts

funding

consumerproducts

enterpriseclients

CompanyType

Largeconglomerate

Largeconglomerate

Startup

Largeconglomerate

Mediumsizedpubliccompany

Largeconglomerate

Startup

LatestK-EXAONE,a236B

A.XK1,a500Bopen

SolarOpen,a100B

HyperCLOVAXSEED

Varco-vision-2.0,a

Mi:dmK2.5Pro,a

Motif-2-12.7B,a

modelopenweightsreasoning

weightshyperscale

openweights

Think,a32Bopen

1.7Bimagegeneration

proprietaryreasoning

smallopenweights

model

reasoningmodel

reasoningmodel

weightsreasoningmodel

model

model

model

KoreanNationalSovereignAIInitiative

TheKoreanNationalSovereignAIInitiativeisagovernment-backed,nationwidecompetitionthatincentivizesdomesticmodeldevelopmentthroughamulti-stageelimination

process.Theinitiativeshortlistsnationalchampions,with

winnersreceivingdirectgovernmentfundingandguaranteedaccesstolarge-scaleGPUcapacity.

InAugust2025,5companieswereselectedinthefirststage…

InJanuary2026,3companieswereshortlistedinthesecondstage…

⃞LGAIResearch

iypstage

1moreshortlistedcompanywillbeannouncedinthecomingmonths…

⃞LGAIResearch

Source:ArtificialAnalysisindependentbenchmarking

02.LanguageModels

D.OpenAI’sfirstopenweightslanguagemodelsinceGPT-2pushedthefrontierforopenweightsmodels,buttheopen-to-proprietarygapremainssteady

LeadingLanguageModelsbyLicenseType,OverTime

ArtificialAnalysisIntelligenceIndexv4.0incorporates10evaluations:GDPval-AA,²-BenchTelecom,Terminal-BenchHard,SciCode,AA-LCR,AA-Omniscience,IFBench,Humanity'sLastExam,GPQADiamond,CritPt

GPT-5(high)

GPT-5.2

(xhigh)

OpenAIo1

OpenAIo1-preview

DeepSeekR1

OpenAIo3

DeepSeekR10528

\

gpt-oss-120B

(high)

KimiK2Thinking

KimiK2.5

23

Source:ArtificialAnalysisindependentbenchmarking

02.LanguageModels

E.Moreefficientmodelarchitecturecombinedwithsoftwareandhardwareefficiencies

helpeddrivedownmodelcosts-pertokenpricingfell128xforo1-levelintelligence

LanguageModelInferencePricebyIntelligenceCategory,OverTime

BlendedInput/OutputTokenPrice(USDperMTokens),ArtificialAnalysisIntelligenceIndexv4.0

GPT-4o1-previewo1

GPT-5.2(xhigh)

o3

GPT-3.5Turbo

Whilefrontierpricinghasdeclinedacrosssuccessiveintelligencecategories(fromGPT-4too1toGPT-5.2),thesereductionsaregradualandstepwise,incontrasttothecostdeclineatequivalentintelligencelevels

24

Source:ArtificialAnalysisindependentbenchmarking

03

03.ImageandVideo

MajorimprovementstobothImageandVideocamein2025,includingsupportformulti-modalinputs(imagetovideo,imageediting)andoutputs(videowithaudio)

KeyThemes

TexttoImageImprovesinQuality

•

•

Texttoimagemodelshaveimprovedsubstantiallyinquality,withGPTImage1.5(leaderatEOY2025)~150ELOpointshigherthanFLUX1.1[pro]Ultra(leaderatEOY2024)

ProgressinopenweightsimagemodelshasslowedasmajorlabssuchasOpenAIandGooglehaveenteredthespace.ThehighestrankingopenweightsmodelatEOYwasQwenImage2512,ranking#12intheTexttoImageLeaderboard

ImageEditingModelsLaunched

•

•

•

Instructionbasedimageeditingmodelsgainedpopularity,withthelaunchesofOpenAI’sGPT-4oImage,andGoogle’sNanoBanana(Gemini2.5Flash)drivingalargeincreaseinusageandmindshare

Multi-imageinputforimageeditingbecamecommon,withmodelssuchasNanoBananaProandQwenImageEditenablingmoreprecisecontrolofoutputimages

ImageGenerationmodelsbecameincreasinglygeneralized,supportingbothtexttoimageandimageeditinge.g.,theFLUX.2family,andSeedream4.5supportbothtexttoimage,andimageeditingmodalities

Videomodelsbreakintothemainstream

•

•

•

Videomodelssawabreakthroughinquality,withRunwayGen-4.5(leaderatEOY2025)~200ELOpointshigherthanOpenAI’sSora(leaderatEOY2024)

FocusonImagetoVideodrovestrongadoption,withusersabletocontrolvideogenerationswithmoregranularityandabletomaintaincharacterreferencesacrossshots

Openweightsvideomodelslaggedbehindproprietaryalternatives,withLTX-2ProrepresentingtheSOTAforopenweightsvideogeneration,ranking29thinTexttoVideoand28thinImagetoVideooverall

VideowithAudiostartswithVeo3

•

•

Veo3releasedinMay2025wasthefirsthighquality,mainstreammodelthatnativelysupportedaudiogenerationaspartofavideomodel,drivingstrongadoption

VideolabshavequicklyfollowedwiththeirownVideowithAudiomodels,suchasOpenAI’sSora2,Lightricks’LTX-2,Alibaba’sWan2.6,andByteDance’sSeedance1.5pro

ChinamaintainsparitywithUSinmedia

generationmodels

•

•

ChineseandUSlabscontinuetobeatparityforimagegenerationmodelswithByteDance’sSeedream4.5competitivewithGoogle’sNanoBananaPro,andOpenAI’sGPTImage1.5

ChineseandUSlabscontinuetobeatparityforvideogenerationmodelswithKling2.5TurbocompetitivewithVeo3.1andRunwayGen-4.5

03.ImageandVideo

Unlikeinlanguagemodels,smallermediagenerationfocusedAIlabshavecontinuedtocompetewithlargerlabswhohaveawiderbreadthofmodalitycoverage(1/2)

Keyplayersofferingimageand/orvideomodels(LabswithBroadFocus)

Existingmodel

Nomodel

Includespubliclyavailablemodelsineachmodalityreleasedinthelastyearbylabsthatdevelopbothlanguageandmediagenerationmodels

NON-EXHAUSTIVE

Modalities

OpenAI

GGoogle

ByteDance

MiniMax

Alibaba

Meta

Tencent

Amazon

Baidu

xAI

StepFun

NVIDIA

Continuesonnextpagefor

mediagenerationfocusedlabs

A.TexttoImage

B.ImageEditing

C.MultiImageEditing

D.TexttoVideo

E.ImagetoVideo

F.MultiImagetoVideo

G.VideowithAudioOutput

H.VideowithAudioInput

I.VideoEditing

27

03.ImageandVideo

Unlikeinlanguagemodels,smallermediagenerationfocusedAIlabshavecontinuedtocompetewithlargerlabswhohaveawiderbreadthofmodalitycoverage(2/2)

Keyplayersofferingimageand/orvideomodels(LabswithMediaGenerationFocus)

Existingmodel

Nomodel

Includespubliclyavailablemodelsineachmodalityreleasedinthelastyearbylabsthatdeveloponlymediagenerationmodels

NON-EXHAUSTIVE

Kuaishou

Modalities

Runway

Adobe

BlackForest

Lab