《初中英语八年级下册Unit1 Section A Grammar Focus-4c》课件

SectionAGrammarFocus-4cUnit1What’sthematter?八年级下册RJ初中英语1.Newword:herself2.Grammar:

①表示疾病及事故伤害的语言特征

②情态动词should的用法

③反身代词Learninggoals3.Sentences:①—What’sthematter(withyou/him...)? —...have/has...②—Do/Does...have...?—Yes,...do/does./No,...don’t/doesn’t.③—Whatshould...do?—...should/shouldn’t...④—Should...? —Yes,...should./No,...shouldn’t.Lookatthepictures.Then,askandanswer.—What’sthematterwithhim?—Hehasatoothache.—Heshould

seeadentistandgetanX-ray.—Whatshouldhedo?WarmingupAskandanswer.—Doeshehaveafever?—Yes,hedoes.—Yes,heshould.—Shouldhetakehistemperature?Askandanswer.—What’sthematterwithher?—Shehasastomache.—Whatshouldshedo?—Sheshould

liedownandrest.—Sheshouldn’t

eatsomuchnexttime.Askandanswer.—Doeshehaveastomachache?—No,hedoesn’t.—Yes,hedoes.Hehurthimself.—Doeshehaveasoreback?—Whatshouldhedo?—Heshould

liedownandrest.Heshouldn’t

workanymore.What’sthematter?Ihaveastomachache.Youshouldn’teatsomuchnexttime.What’sthematterwithBen?Hehurthimself.Hehasasoreback.Heshouldliedownandrest.Doyouhaveafever?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t./Idon’tknow.Doeshehaveatoothache?Yes,hedoes.HeshouldseeadentistandgetanX-ray.Whatshouldshedo?Sheshouldtakehertemperature.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit?Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn’t.

GrammarFocus◆

用“have/a(n)+疾病名称”表示患病。表示疾病及事故伤害的语言特征

haveafever、haveacough、haveastomachache、getatoothache等。◆

用“be/feel+形容词”表示不适，或用“get+动词的过去

分词形式”表示受伤。be/feeltired、be/feelsick、headfeelshot、gethurt、gethitbyaball等。

◆

用动词take/get

(以take更为常见）表达诊治。takeone’stemperature、takesomemedicine、take/getanX-ray等。◆

用see或goto...表达就医。seethedentist/doctor、gotoadoctor、goto(the)hospital等。

◆

用动词“hurt/cut/break+具体部位”等表示伤害。

hurtmyleg、cutherfinger、breakhimarm等。hurt/cut等动词还可接用反身代词进行反指，表示“伤着/切着某人自己了”。hurtmyself、cuthimself等。◆

用情态动词should或hadbetter表达建议。

Youshouldliedownandhavearest.He’dbettergotoadoctor.What’sthematter?Ihaveastomachache.Youshouldn’teatsomuchnexttime.What’sthematterwithBen?Hehurthimself.Hehasasoreback.Heshouldliedownandrest.Doyouhaveafever?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t./Idon’tknow.Doeshehaveatoothache?Yes,hedoes.HeshouldseeadentistandgetanX-ray.Whatshouldshedo?Sheshouldtakehertemperature.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit?Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn’t.表示反射或强调的代词叫作反身代词。第一、二人称的反身代词由形容词性物主代词加后缀-self或-selves构成，第三人称的反身代词由人称代词的宾格加后缀-self或-selves构成。反身代词的用法反身代词Jennycutherself.Didyouhurtyourselfplayingsoccer?语法概述例句第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myself我自己yourself你自己himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己复数ourselves我们自己yourselves你们自己themselves他（她、它）们自己特例：不定代词one的反身代词是oneself反身代词的构成反身代词可放在及物动词（短语）或介词的后面作宾语，强调宾语和主语是相同的人或物。1、作及物动词（短语）的宾语，常用于teach、hurt、enjoy、dress、buy、help、lookafter、takecareof等后面。反身代词作宾语Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.我们必须好好照顾自己。Tomtaughthimselfmath.汤姆自学了数学。2.作介词的宾语，常用于by、except、to、for等后面。Marysaidtoherself,“WhatshouldIdo?”玛丽自言自语：“我该怎么办呢？”Theoldmanlivesbyhimselfinthecountryside.这位老人独自生活在乡下。Ineverthoughtthathe

himselfwouldcome.我从来没有想过他会亲自来。Ispoketothemanager

himself.

我和经理本人谈过了。反身代词在句中通常作名词、代词的同位语,译作“本身；亲自”。反身代词作主语的同位语时,应放在主语之后或句子末尾；作宾语的同位语时,应放在宾语之后。作从句的主语he的同位语作宾语manager的同位语反身代词作同位语反身代词放在be动词、feel、look、seem等系动词后作表语，可以用来描述身体或精神状态。反身代词作表语I’mnotmyselftoday.今天我感觉不舒服。Iamfeelingmyselfagain.我觉得健康如昔。(all)byoneself独自，单独enjoyoneself玩得高兴；过得愉快foroneself亲自；为自己dressoneself给自己穿衣服helponeselfto...为（自己或某人）取用teachoneself自学loseoneselfin沉浸于hurtoneself伤着自己含有反身代词的一些固定短语反身代词的用法反身代词表自身，句中用法可三分。动介后面用作宾，表示动作回自身。句中强调同位语，主语宾语后边跟。巧学妙记What’sthematter?Ihaveastomachache.Youshouldn’teatsomuchnexttime.What’sthematterwithBen?Hehurthimself.Hehasasoreback.Heshouldliedownandrest.Doyouhaveafever?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t./Idon’tknow.Doeshehaveatoothache?Yes,hedoes.HeshouldseeadentistandgetanX-ray.Whatshouldshedo?Sheshouldtakehertemperature.ShouldIputsomemedicineonit?Yes,youshould./No,youshouldn’t.情态动词should意为“应该；应当”，其后接动词原形，且没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式是在should后加not。情态动词should的用法should疑问句：Shouldwe

go

now?否定句：Youshouldn’t

eatsomuchnexttime.陈述句：Youshould

havearest.语法概述例句1.表示征询意见和提出建议

ShouldIputthebaghere?我应该把包放在这里吗？Weshoulddosportseveryday.我们应该每天做运动。2.表示推测Heshouldbeapoliceman.他应该是一名警察。Sam

shouldbeinthelibrary.萨姆应该在图书馆。3.表示义务或责任Weshouldstudyhard.我们应该努力学习。Youshouldfinishyourhomeworkthisevening.你应该在今晚完成你的家庭作业。4.表示拒绝、愤怒或惊奇等，常用于疑问句或感叹句中Whyshouldhedothat?他为何做出那种事情？1.A:Ihurt____________________________whenIplayedbasketballyesterday.What_______Ido?B:You_______seeadoctorandgetanX-ray.2.A:_______thematter?B:MysisterandI_______sorethroats._______wegotoschool?A:No,you_________.3.A:_______Mike_______afever?B:No,he_______.He_______astomachache.A:He_______drinksomehottea.myself/myarm/myleg/myback4aFillintheblanksandpracticetheconversations.shouldshouldWhat’shaveShouldshouldn’tDoeshavedoesn’thasshouldPresentation1.Jennycutherself. Sheshould(getanX-ray/putsomemedicineonthecut).Myadvice:__________________________________2.Katehasatoothache.Sheshould(seeadentist/getsomesleep).Myadvice:__________________________________Sheshoulddressthecutforherself.4bCirclethebestadviceforthesehealthproblems.Thenaddyourownadvice.Sheshouldbrushherteethwithsaltwater.3.MaryandSuehavecolds.Theyshouldn’t(sleep/exercise).Myadvice:____________________________4.Bobhasasoreback.Heshould(liedownandrest/takehistemperature).Myadvice:_____________________________Theyshoulddrinkmorehotwater.Heshouldgotoadoctor.4cOnestudentmimesaproblem.Theotherstudentsinyourgroupguesstheproblemandgiveadvice.NameProblemAdviceLiuPengfalldowngohomeandrestA:What’sthematter?Didyouhurtyourselfplayingsoccer?B:No,Ididn’t.C:Didyoufalldown?B:Yes,Idid.D:Youshouldgohomeandgetsomerest.Didyoufalldown?(教材P44c)falldown为不及物动词短语，其后不能直接跟宾语。falldownfrom表示“从……摔下”，相当于falloff。falldown摔倒；落下Littlebabiesoftenfalldownwhentheyarelearningtowalk.Duringautumn,theleaveschangecolorandfalldownfrom(=falloff)thetrees.Languagepoint一、单项选择1.(天津中考)People_____talkonamobilephonewhiletheyaredriving.A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.mustD.can2.(吉林中考)Mymothermadesomezongziby_____ontheDragonBoatFestival.A.she B.hers C.herselfCAExercises3.(武汉中考改编)

—Only

tentickets?Whatdoyoumean?There_____betwelve.—Sorry,Linda.JackyandTimtooktwoticketsaway.A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.shouldD.need4.(云南中考改编)When

Ifellandhurt

,mymotherencouragedmetostandupandgavemeahug.A.IB.myC.meD.myselfCD5.(温州中考改编)Sheisgoodatcooking.Childrenalllikethefoodshemakes.Theyenjoy_____atschool.A.they B.themselves C.themD.their6.(昆明中考)Taichi,partofChineseculture,isanexercisewhichhelpspeopleimprove_____inhealth.A.themselves B.ourselves C.itselfD.myselfAB1.Weshould_______(keep)awayfromtheInternet.2.(盐城中考)Sandylistenedintentlytotheclassicalmusic,losing_______(her)initsbeauty.3.Ourteachersoftentellushowtoteach_________(we).4.(金华中考改编)Bobtoldhisparentsthathecouldlookafter_______(he)evenwhenhewashomealone.5.Myuncle_____(have)astomachache.6.Youshouldn’t____(eat)somuchnexttime.二、用所给词的适当形式填空keepherselfourselveshimselfhaseat1.我应该量下体温吗？_______I_______mytemperature?2.你打篮球时伤着自己了吗？Didyou_____________playingbasketball?3.你应该喝大量的水。You_____________lotsofwater.4.我想要去看医生，因为我发烧了。IwanttoseeadoctorbecauseI_________________.三、完成句子Shouldtakehurtyourselfshoulddrinkhaveafever表述疾病及事故用情态动词should或hadbetter表达建议用see或goto...表达就医。have/geta(an)+疾病名称，表示患病。be/feel+形容词，表示不适。用动词“hurt/cut/break+具体部位”等，表示伤害。用动词take/get表达诊治。Summaryshould表示推测表征询意见和提出建议表示义务或责任表示拒绝、愤怒或惊奇等，常用于疑问句或感叹句中意为“应该；应当”后接动词原形没有人称和数的变化否定：shouldnot/shouldn’t概述用法反身代词反身代词作同位语，意为“本身；亲自”单数：myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself反身代词作表语，用于描述身体或精神状态作及物动词（短语）的宾语表示反射或强调构成概述用法作介词宾语反身代词作宾语复数：ourselves,yourselves, themselves特殊：oneself1.Reviewtheuseof“should”and“reflexivepronouns”.2.Makesentenceswith“should”and“reflexivepronouns”,nolessthanfive.3.PreviewthenewwordsinSectionB(1a-1d).Homework任务:结合问题,用方框内的建议,完成句子

A.drinksomehotteawithhoneyB.takeyourtemperatureC.putsomemedicineonitD.seeadentistE.liedownandrest1.—Ihaveafever.WhatshouldIdo?—Youshould

B

.

2.Tomhasastomachache.Heshould

E

.

3.Theboyhasatoothache.Heshould

D

.

4.—Icoughedforthreedays.—You'dbetter

A

.

5.Shecutherselfyesterday,andhermother

C

.

1.What's

the

matter?怎么了?剖析

matter作可数名词,意为“问题,事情”,通常用于句型“What'sthematter(withsb.)?”中,用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了什么麻烦。—What'sthematterwithhim?他怎么了?—Hehasaheadache.他头痛。拓展

①matter还可作不及物动词,

意为“要紧,

有关系”,

主要用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。It

doesn't

matter.没有关系。②句型“What's

the

matter

(with

sb.)?”的同义句有“What's

wrong

(with

sb.)?”和“What's

the

trouble

(with

sb.)?”等。【温馨提示】此句型中matter和trouble作名词用,

其前要加定冠词the;

而此处的wrong为形容词,

其前不能加the。2.I

have

a

stomachache.我胃痛。剖析

(1)此处have是及物动词,意为“患(病),遭受(病痛)”。“have+a(n)+疾病名称”表示“患……病”。吉姆昨天晚饭后肚子痛。拓展

have作及物动词时,

用法极其广泛。①have意为“(某人/物)拥有,

具有”。I

have

a

car

and

so

does

Bill.我有一辆汽车,

比尔也有。②have意为“进行,

召开,

举行”,

表示“举行某一活动”。Jane

is

going

to

have

a

birthday

party

at

home.简打算在家里举办一个生日聚会。③have意为“吃,

喝”,

可接三餐或具体食物、饮料等的名词。He

had

an

egg

and

a

glass

of

milk

for

breakfast.他早餐吃了个鸡蛋,

喝了杯牛奶。④have意为“上(课)”。They

are

having

an

English

lesson.他们正在上英语课。(2)stomachache为可数名词,意为“胃痛,腹痛,肚子痛”。在英语中,一部分表示身体部位的名词加上名词ache(疼痛),可以构成合成名词。如:headache头痛,toothache牙痛,earache耳朵痛。任务:英汉互译1.goalongZhonghuaRoad

沿着中华路走

2.onthesideoftheroad

在路边

3.nextto

紧邻;在……的旁边

4.没有多想

without

thinking

twice

5.下车

get

off

6.令他惊讶的是;出乎他的意料

to

his

surprise

7.赞同

agree

to

8.幸亏

thanks

to

9.及时

in

time

10.考虑

think

about

1.At

9:00

a.m.yesterday,

bus

No.26

was

going

along

Zhonghua

Road

when

the

driver

saw

an

old

man

lying

on

the

side

of

the

road.昨天上午九点,

26路公交车正行驶在中华路上,

这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。剖析

seesb.doingsth.为固定结构,意为“看见某人正在从事某事或正处于某种状态”。Isawsomechildrenplayinghappilyinthegarden.我看到一些孩子正在花园里高兴地玩耍。辨析

see

sb.doing

sth.与see

sb.do

sth.2.But

to

his

surprise,

they

all

agreed

to

go

with

him.

但出乎他的意料,

他们都同意和他一起去。剖析

(1)surprise为不可数名词,意为“惊奇,惊讶”。toone'ssurprise为固定结构,意为“使某人惊讶的是,出乎某人的意料”。类似的结构还有:toone'sjoy使某人高兴的是,toone'sdisappointment令某人失望的是,toone'ssatisfaction令某人满意的是。Tohersurprise,shewonfirstprize.令她惊讶的是,她获得了一等奖。(2)agree为及物动词,意为“同意”,后跟名词、代词、不定式或宾语从句。Sheagreedtoletmegohome.她同意让我回家。Heagreedthatmyplanwasbetter.他承认我的计划更好一些。拓展

agree还可以用作不及物动词,

常与介词with,

to,

on连用,

这时其后可以跟宾语。辨析

agree

with,

agree

to与agree

on3.Thanks

to

Mr.

Wang

and

the

passengers,

the

man

was

saved

by

the

doctors

in

time.

多亏了王先生和乘客们,

医生及时挽救了老人的生命。剖析

thanksto(someone/something)意为“多亏;因为;由于”。ThankstomyEnglishteacher,IbecameinterestedinEnglish.多亏了我的英语老师,我对英语感兴趣了。辨析

thanks

to与thanks

for任务:

根据Ⅰ栏的问题,从Ⅱ栏中选择合适的处理方法Ⅰ栏1.Hecuthiskneeonhiswayhome.

2.Theoldmangothitonthehead.

3.ThegirlhadanosebleedinP.E.class.

4.Hehadafever.

5.Tomfeltsick.

Ⅱ栏A.Tellhertoputherheaddownandpressthesidesofhernose.

B.Tellhimtorest.

C.Putsomemedicineonitandputabandageonit.

D.Takehistemperature.

E.TakehimtothehospitaltogetanX-ray.答案:1.C

2.E

3.A

4.D

5.Btold

him

to

rest

告诉他休息剖析

tell为及物动词,“tellsb.(not)todosth.”意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事”。Hetoldmetowriteareport.他叫我去写一篇报告。Thepolicetoldthechildrennottoplayinthestreet.警察告诉孩子们不要在街道上玩耍。拓展

tell还有以下几种常见的结构:①tell

sb./sth.告诉某人/讲述某事Don't

forget

to

tell

him.不要忘了告诉他。②tell

sb.(about)

sth.告诉某人某事Could

you

tell

me

the

way

to

the

bank?你能告诉我去银行的路吗?③tell

sb.+宾语从句Tell

me

why

you

didn't

go

to

school.告诉我你为什么没去上学。任务:阅读教材2b,根据汉语提示,完成短文AronRalston1.

is

interested

in

(对……感兴趣)mountainclimbing.2.

As

a

mountain

climber

(作为一名登山运动者),Aronisusedto3.taking

risks(冒险).

OnApril26,2003,Aronalmost4.

lost

his

life

(丧生)becauseofaccidentswhenclimbinginUtah.Onthatday,Aron'sarmwascaughtunder5.

a

360-kilo

rock

(一块360千克的岩石).Hestayedthereforfivedaysandhopedthatsomeonewouldfindhim.Butnobodycametosavehim.Hewasnot6.

ready

to

(准备)diethatday.Soheusedhisknifeto7.

cut

off

(切掉)halfhisrightarm.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimself8.

so

that

(以便)hewouldnotlose9.

too

much

blood

(太多血).

10.

After

losing

his

arm

(失去他的胳膊后),hewroteabookcalledBetween

a

Rock

and

a

Hard

Place.Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceof11.

making

good

decisions

(做明智的决定),andofbeing12.

in

control

of

(掌握)one'slife.

1.As

a

mountain

climber,

Aron

is

used

to

taking

risks.作为一名登山者,

阿伦习惯于冒险。剖析

此处beusedto意为“习惯于……,适应于……”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。Sheisusedtogettingupearly.她习惯早起。辨析

used

to

do,

be

used

to

doing与be

used

to

doused

to

do表示过去习惯性的动作或经常性的状态,

但现在不那样了be

used

to

doing表示“习惯于……”,

to为介词,

后接名词、代词或动词-ingbe

used

to

do

为被动语态,

表示“被用来做”2.Then,

with

his

left

arm,

he

bandaged

himself

so

that

he

would

not

lose

too

much

blood.然后,

他用左臂给自己(的右臂)打上绷带,

以免失血过多。剖析

(1)此处介词with意为“用(工具或器具等)”。Youcancutitwithaknife.你可以用刀把它切开。辨析

with与in(2)该句中的sothat意为“以便,为了”,引导目的状语从句。目的状语从句中的谓语动词通常和may/might,can/could等情态动词连用。Wegotupearlysothatwecouldcatchtheearlybus.为了能赶上早班车,我们早就起床了。3.His

love

for

mountain

climbing

is

so

great

that

he

kept

on

climbing

mountains

even

after

this

experience.他对登山如此酷爱,以至于即使这次经历之后,他还是继续登山。剖析

(1)so...that...引导结果状语从句,意为“如此……以至于……”,常用句型为:主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+that从句。Heissoyoungthathecan'tlookafterhimself.他太小以至于不能照顾自己。拓展

so...that...

引导的结果状语从句,

可转换为...adj./adv.+enough+to

do...“足够……以至于……”或...too+adj./adv.+to

do...“太……以至于不能……”句型。The

girl

is

so

young

that

she

can't

dress

herself.→The

girl

is

not

old

enough

to

dress

herself.→The

girl

is

too

young

to

dress

herself.这个女孩太小以至于不能自己穿衣服。(2)keepondoingsth.意为“继续做某事”。Shekeptonworkingalthoughshewastired.尽管她累了,她还是继续工作。拓展

①keep

doing

sth.意为“继续做某事”。Keep

going

until

you

reach

the

end

of

the

road.继续走,

直到你走到路的尽头。②keep

sb.doing

sth.意为“使某人一直做某事”。Don't

keep

your

mother

waiting.不要让你妈妈一直等。③keep

sb.from

doing

sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。You

shouldn't

keep

him

from

reading

books.你不该阻止他读书的。任务:用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空

usedto

hurtone'sleg

beinterestedin

enjoyoneself1.Iha