初中定语从句练习

初中定语从句练习定语从句，作为初中英语语法中的一个重点和难点，常常让同学们感到头疼。它就像一位“修饰大师”，能让我们的句子更加丰富和精确。掌握好定语从句，不仅能提升阅读理解能力，更能让我们的书面表达锦上添花。本文将带你系统梳理定语从句的核心知识点，并通过精心设计的练习帮助你巩固提升，让你不再对它望而生畏。一、定语从句的核心要素回顾在开始练习之前，我们先来快速回顾一下定语从句的基本概念，确保我们在同一起跑线上。1.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。它是定语从句的“指向标”，告诉我们从句描述的是谁或是什么。2.关系词：连接主句和定语从句的词。它指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分。初中阶段我们主要学习以下关系词：*关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose*关系副词：where,when,why关系词的选择秘诀：*首先，看先行词是人还是物。*其次，看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分（主语、宾语、定语、状语等）。二、关系代词的专项演练关系代词是定语从句中最活跃的成员，我们先来集中攻克它们。(一)thatvswhich(指物时)两者常可互换，但在某些情况下有特殊用法：*只用that的情况（简要回顾）：先行词被序数词、最高级、all,any,few,little,no,some等不定代词修饰时；先行词既有人又有物时；主句以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中。*只用which的情况（简要回顾）：引导非限制性定语从句时；关系代词前有介词时。练习一：用that或which填空1.Thisisthebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryyesterday.2.Thestorybook______hasaredcoverisveryinteresting.3.Everything______wesawinthemuseumwasamazing.4.Thebuildingin______theyworkisverymodern.(提示：介词后)5.Istillrememberthevillageandthepeople______Ivisitedlastyear.(提示：人+物)(二)who,whomvswhose(指人时)*who：指代人，在从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语时可省略，口语中也可用that）。*whom：指代人，在从句中作宾语（正式用法，可省略，或用who/that代替）。*whose：指代人或物，在从句中作定语，表示“……的”。练习二：用who,whom,whose填空1.Thegirl______isstandingatthedoorismysister.(作主语)2.Theteacher______wemetyesterdaywillteachusEnglish.(作宾语)3.Thisistheboy______motherisadoctor.(作定语)4.Doyouknowtheman______theyaretalkingabout?(作介词about的宾语，可用whom/who/that或省略)5.Ihaveafriend______likescollectingstampsverymuch.(三)关系代词综合运用练习三：用适当的关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose)填空1.Themovie______wewatchedlastnightwasveryexciting.2.Isthereanyone______canhelpmewiththisproblem?3.Thisisthefactory______producesallkindsoftoys.4.Thestudent______homeworkisthebestwillgetaprize.5.I’llneverforgettheday______wespenttogetherinthecountryside.(提示：先行词是day，但关系词在从句中作spent的宾语)三、关系副词的精准运用当定语从句中不缺主语、宾语，而是缺少状语时，我们就要用到关系副词了。*where：指代地点，在从句中作地点状语。*when：指代时间，在从句中作时间状语。*why：指代原因，在从句中作原因状语，通常先行词是reason。练习四：用where,when,why填空1.Thisistheschool______Istudiedtenyearsago.2.Istillremembertheday______Ifirstmetyou.3.Couldyoutellmethereason______youwerelatethismorning?4.Thepark______weoftenplaybasketballisverybig.5.Doyouknowthetime______thepartywillstart?四、定语从句实战综合练习现在，让我们把所学的知识综合起来，挑战以下练习。练习五：用适当的关系词(that,which,who,whom,whose,where,when,why)填空1.Thehouse______windowsfacesouthismine.2.Idon’tlikethesongs______aretoonoisy.3.Theperson______youshouldaskforhelpisMr.Li.5.Iwillneverforgettheyear______IlivedinParis.6.Thelibrary______weoftenreadbooksisopenuntil9pm.7.Thegirlwith______Iwentshoppingyesterdayismycousin.(提示：介词后指人)8.Thisisthebestnovel______Ihaveeverread.练习六：将下列每组句子合并成一个含有定语从句的复合句1.Themanisadoctor.Helivesnextdoor.→Theman____________nextdoorisadoctor.2.Ihaveapen.Thepen’scolorisred.→Ihaveapen____________isred.3.Thisisthecity.Iwasborninthiscity.→Thisisthecity______I______born.4.Wevisitedafarm.Manyanimalswereraisedonthefarm.→Wevisitedafarm______manyanimals______raised.5.Shetoldmeastory.Thestorymademelaugh.→Shetoldmeastory____________melaugh.练习七：找出下列句子中的错误并改正1.ThisisthebookwhichIboughtityesterday.()______2.Thegirlwhosheiswearingareddressismyclassmate.()______3.Iknowtheboywhomisverygoodatplayingfootball.()______4.Thisistheplacewherewevisitedlastsummer.()______(提示：visit是及物动词，需要宾语)5.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasbecausehemissedthebus.()______(提示：why引导定语从句，主句表语用that)五、练习答案与解析练习一：1.that/which(指物，作宾语，可省略)2.that/which(指物，作主语)3.that(先行词为everything)4.which(介词in后指物)5.that(先行词既有人又有物)练习二：1.who/that(指人，作主语)2.whom/who/that(指人，作宾语，可省略)3.whose(指人，作定语)4.whom/who/that(指人，作宾语，可省略)5.who/that(指人，作主语)练习三：1.that/which2.who/that3.that/which4.whose5.that/which(先行词day，关系词作spent的宾语)练习四：1.where2.when3.why4.where5.when练习五：1.whose(windows是名词，前面用whose作定语)2.that/which3.whom/who/that(作ask的宾语)4.why5.when6.where7.whom(介词with后指人)8.that(先行词被最高级best修饰)练习六：1.who/thatlives(或直接用living，但此处要求定语从句)2.whosecolor3.where,was/inwhich,was4.where,were/onwhich,were5.which/thatmade练习七：1.去掉it(which已在从句中作宾语)2.去掉she(who已在从句中作主语)3.whom→who/that(在从句中作主语)4.where→that/which(visited缺宾语)或在visited后加it(但这不是定语从句的正确用法，应改为前者)5.because→that(Thereasonwhy...i