水利英语 课件 U6 Machinery forHydraulic andHydroelectricity Engineering

Unit6

MachineryforHydraulicandHydroelectricityEngineering1.understandtheusualequipmentusedinhydraulicandhydroelectricityengineering;2.understandthebasicworkingprinciplesofpump,generator,andtransformer;3.beabletoreadmaterialsabouthydraulic/hydroelectricityequipment;4.beabletospeakoncommontopicsofhydraulic/hydroelectricityequipment.Afterlearningthisunit,youshould:

PartⅠLead-in

PartⅡProfessionZoomIn

PartⅢCareerZoomIn

PartⅣReal-LifePracticeTask1MatchwordsincolumnAwithcolumnBaccordingtotheirmeanings.PartⅠ

Lead-inColumnAColumnB1.excavator2.rotor3.crane4.bulldozer5.transformerA.转子B.推土机C.变压器D.挖掘机E.起重机Task

2Listentothedialogueandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear.PartⅠ

Lead-in(A=customer;B=after-saleserviceclerk)A:Hello,Ms.Li.Unfortunately,thereisaproblemwiththeorderof(1)_____________machineswereceivedfromyouyesterday.Itseemswehaven’tseentherightquantityof(2)__________tosupporttheoperationtraining.Oh,dear,that’sbadnews.I’mverysorrytohearthat,andyoudon’tknowwhatkindofmachinesarewithoutmanuals?No,becausewehaven’topenedeverypack.Butinseveralofthosethathavebeenopened,therearenomanualsforbulldozers,truckshovels,and(3)__________mixers.I’mverysorryaboutthis(4)_______________,Mr.Cai.We’llsendoutthemanualsthisafternoonbyexpressmailentirelyatourcost,andthemanualsshouldarrivetomorroworthedayafteratthelatest.A:Allofthem,right?constructionB:B:A:A:manualsconcreteinconveniencePartⅠ

Lead-inYes.Perhapssomehavethemalready,butwecannotbesure.So,thebestthingistosendoutthemanualforallthemachinesyou’veordered.Yes.Thatwouldbegreat.Pleaseacceptourapologiesforthiserror.I(5)___________youwewilldoeverythingpossibletofindoutwhythemistakehappenedRight.Thanksforyourefficiently.Notatall.Thankyouandgoodbyefornow.Docallifthereisanythingelse.assureB:B:A:A:B:ProfessionZoomInReading

Agreatvarietyofequipmentisusedintheconstructionandoperationofhydraulicandhydroelectricityprojects,manyofwhicharelarge,heavy,expensive,andfarmorecomplicatedindesign,production,installation,andoperation.Fromthem,thepump,generator,andtransformerareselectedandsimplyintroducedhere.

Pump

Inwaterconservancyprojects,apumpisadevicethatmoveswater,cementmortar,orsometimesslurries,bymechanicalaction,typicallyconvertedfromelectricalenergyintohydraulicenergy.Accordingtodifferentfunctions,pumpscanbeclassifiedintoaxialpumps,centrifugalpumps,mixed-flowpumps,submersiblepumps,andmanyothertypes.译文返回原文水利电力设备水利电力工程建设和运行需要用到各种各样的设备，很多设备巨大、沉重、昂贵，而且无论是设计制造还是安装使用都非常复杂。这里选择水泵、发电机和变压器作简单介绍。水泵在水利工程中，水泵通常是把电能转换为水能，利用机械作用来运输水、水泥砂浆，或者泥浆。根据水泵不同的功能，可分为轴流泵、离心泵、混流泵、潜水泵等很多类型。Reading

Axialpumps,withhighflowandlowhead(generallybelow5meters),areeasytooperateandmanage,whichmakesthemsuitableforplainareas,especiallyforfixedpumpingstations.Centrifugalpumpsarecharacterizedbyhighheads(fromseveraltotensofmeters)andareusuallyusedinhillyandmountainousareas.Mixed-flowpumpshavemoderateheads,generally5-10meters,andarecommonlyusedinmobileunitsastheyaresimpleinstructureandeasytouse.Submersiblepumpsareacombinationofmotorandpumpandareusuallyusedunderwaterforagriculturaldrainageandirrigation.

Electricgenerator

Inelectricitygeneration,ageneratorisadevicethatconvertsmotivepower(mechanicalenergy)intoelectricalpower.Sourcesofmechanicalenergyincludesteamturbines,gasturbines,waterturbines,internalcombustionengines,windturbinesandevenhandcranks.Generatorsprovidenearlyallofthepowerforelectricpowergrids.

Mechanically,ageneratorconsistsofarotatingpart(rotor)andastationarypart(stator).Therotorgeneratesamagneticfield,whilethestatorhasawirewindinginwhichthechangingfieldinducesanelectriccurrent.译文返回原文轴流泵流量大、扬程低（一般在5米以下）、运行管理简单方便，适合用于平原地区，尤其是固定泵站。离心泵的特点是扬程高（从几米到几十米），适合用于丘陵山区。混流泵扬程适中，一般为5~10米，因为结构简单，使用方便，多用于流动机组。潜水泵是机、泵结合体，在水下运行，普遍用于农业排水灌溉。发电机在发电过程中，发电机把动力（机械能）转化为电能。机械能包括蒸汽轮机、燃气轮机、水轮机、内燃机、风力涡轮机甚至手摇机。电网中的几乎所有电力都来自发电机。从机械上讲，发电机由一个旋转部分（转子）和一个固定部分（定子）组成。转子产生磁场，而定子有一个电线绕组，变化的磁场在其中感应出电流。Reading

OnDecember20,2021,BaihetanHydropowerStation,theworld’ssecond-largesthydroelectricityprojectintermsoftotalinstalledcapacity,wentfullyoperationalafteritsNo.9generatingunitcompleteda72-hourtrialrun.Baihetanisequippedwith16homegrownhydropowergeneratingunits,eachhavingacapacityof1millionkilowatts,thelargestcapacityforasinglesuchunitintheworld.

TheEmbaHunutluPowerPlant,China’sbiggestdirectinvestmentinTürkiye,equippedwithtwo660,000kilowattunits,hasacapacityofgenerating9billionkilowatt-hoursofpowerannuallyatfulloperation.Theplantremainedoperationalandprovidedsustainingelectricitysuppliesfor4millionlocalpeopleafterthe2023earthquakesthathitTürkiyeandSyria.译文返回原文

2021年12月20日，在9号发电机组完成72小时试运行后，世界上总装机容量第二大的白鹤滩水电站全面投入运行。白鹤滩水电站配备了16台国产的水电机组，每台机组的发电量为100万千瓦，单机容量为世界最大。土耳其的恩巴胡努特鲁火电厂是中国在土耳其最大的直接投资项目，配备了两台66万千瓦的发电机组，满负荷运转时每年可发电90亿千瓦时。在2023年土耳其和叙利亚发生地震后，该电厂仍维持运行，为400万当地居民提供了持续的电力供应。Reading译文

Transformer

AtransformerisadevicethatusestheprincipleofelectromagneticinductiontotransformACvoltage,alternatingcurrentandimpedanceandconsistsofanironcore(ormagneticcore)andacoilwithtwoormorewindings,ofwhichthewindingconnectedtothepowersupplyiscalledtheprimarycoilandtheremainingwindingiscalledthesecondarycoil.WhentheprimarycoilisconnectedtoACcurrent,thecorewillproduceACfluxsothatthesecondarycoilinducesvoltage(orcurrent).

Inelectricalequipmentandradiocircuits,transformersareoftenused.Theirfunctionsmainlyincludevoltageconversion,currentconversion,impedanceconversion,isolation,voltageregulation,etc.返回原文变压器变压器是利用电磁感应的原理变换交流电压、交变电流和阻抗的器件，由铁芯（或磁芯）和线圈组成，线圈有两个或两个以上的绕组，其中接电源的绕组叫初级线圈，其余的绕组叫次级线圈。当初级线圈中通有交流电流时，铁芯（或磁芯）中便产生交流磁通，使次级线圈中感应出电压（或电流）。在电器设备和无线电路中，变压器常用作升降电压、匹配阻抗，安全隔离等。其功能主要有：电压变换、电流变换、阻抗变换、隔离、稳压等。Reading译文

Atransformercanconvertanyvoltagevalueintothevoltagevalueweneedtomeetthetransmission,distribution,anduseofelectricalenergyrequirements.UHVtechnologyisthemostadvancedpowertransmissiontechnologyintheworld,andChinaistheonlycountryintheworldthathasmasteredthetechnology.The1000kVtransformer,orUHVtransformer,isthekeycomponentoftheUHVpowergrid.返回原文变压器可以将任意电压值转换成我们需要的同频率电压值，以满足电能的传输、分配和使用要求。全球最先进的输电技术，就是特高压。中国是全球唯一掌握特高压技术的国家。1000kV级变压器，即特高压变压器（UHV），则是特高压电网的关键部件。hydroelectricity[ˌhaɪdrəʊɪˌlekˈtrɪsətɪ]n.水电complicated[ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd]adj.复杂的generator[ˈdʒenəreɪtə(r)]adj.发电机transformer[trænsˈfɔːmə(r)]n.变压器mortar[ˈmɔːtə(r)]n.砂浆slurry[ˈslʌri]n.泥浆mechanical[məˈkænɪkl]adj.机械（学）的axial[ˈæksiəl]adj.轴的centrifugal[ˌsentrɪˈfjuːɡ(ə)l]adj.离心的submersible[səbˈmɜːsəbl]adj.能潜水（可浸入）水中的characterized[ˈkærəktəˌraɪzd]adj.以……为特征turbine[ˈtɜːbaɪn]n.涡轮机combustion[kəmˈbʌstʃən]n.燃烧crank[kræŋk]n.曲柄rotate[rəʊˈteɪt]v.旋转rotor[ˈrəʊtə(r)]n.转子stator[ˈsteɪtə]n.定子winding[ˈwaɪndɪŋ]n.（线圈）绕组induce[ɪnˈdjuːs]v.引起trial[ˈtraɪəl]n.试验homegrown[ˌhəʊmˈɡrəʊn]adj.本国制造的sustaining[səˈsteɪnɪŋ]adj.持续的electromagnetic[ɪˌlektrəʊmægˈnetɪk]n.电磁的impedance[ɪmˈpiːdns]n.阻抗coil[kɔɪl]n.线圈flux[flʌks]n.波动，流动circuit[ˈsɜːkɪt]n.电路distribution[ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn]n.配电cementmortar水泥砂浆mechanicalaction机械作用axialpump轴流泵centrifugalpump离心泵mixed-flowpump混流泵submersiblepump潜水泵highflow大流量lowhead低扬程fixedpumpingstation固定泵站mobileunit流动机组agriculturaldrainageandirrigation农业灌溉与排水electricitygeneration发电motivepower动能mechanicalenergy机械能steamturbines蒸汽轮机waterturbines水轮机internalcombustionengines内燃机windturbines风力涡轮机handcranks手摇机electricpowergrid电力网络magneticfield磁场trialrun试运行hydropowergeneratingunits水电机组directinvestment直接投资theprimarycoil初级线圈thesecondarycoil次级线圈ACflux交流磁通UHVtechnology特高压技术Axialpumps,withhighflowandlowhead(generallybelow5meters),areeasytooperateandmanage,whichmakesthemsuitableforplainareas,especiallyforfixedpumpingstations.译文：轴流泵流量大、扬程低（一般在5米以下）、运行管理简单方便，适用于平原地区，尤其是固定泵站。注释：withhighflowandlowhead也可表达为“具有流量大、扬程低的特点”。用以with引导的介词短语，是为了避免与谓语部分areeasytooperateandmanage出现并列动词。同理，后面的which引导的非限定性定语从句和其中的for短语，都是为了避免一个句子里出现多个谓语动词。❶Therotorgeneratesamagneticfield,whilethestatorhasawirewindinginwhichthechangingfieldinducesanelectriccurrent.译文：转子产生磁场，而定子有一个电线绕组，变化的磁场在其中感应出电流。注释：连词while引导一个并列分句，与前句并列，表示“而”“与……同时”。inwhich句是一个关系词前面使用介词的关系分句，介词的选择，由先行词或者这个关系分句中的谓语动词决定。注意while句的结构层次及表达方式：定子有一个电线绕组，转子产生的磁场在电线绕组内感应出电流，磁场是变化的。❷TheEmbaHunutluPowerPlant,China’sbiggestdirectinvestmentinTürkiye,equippedwithtwo660,000kilowattunits,hasacapacityofgenerating9billionkilowatt-hoursofpowerannuallyatfulloperation.译文：土耳其的恩巴胡努特鲁火电厂是中国在土耳其最大的直接投资项目，配备了两台66万千瓦的发电机组，满负荷运转时每年可发电90亿千瓦时。注释：TheEmbaHunutluPowerPlant的中文名称为“胡努特鲁火电厂”。2022年6月，联合国确认了土耳其的外文名由Turkey改为Türkiye，但其形容词形式不变，仍是Turkish。介词短语atfulloperation，在译文中处理为时间状语“满负荷运转时”。❸ReadingTask1Matchthewordsontheleftwiththeirmeaningsontheright.ReadingTask

2Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsinthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.Pumpscanbe___________intoaxialpumps,centrifugalpumps,mixed-flowpumps,submersiblepumpsandmanyothertypesCentrifugalpumpsare____________byhighheadsandareusuallyusedinhillyandmountainousareas._____________,ageneratorconsistsofarotatingpart(rotor)andastationarypart(stator).BaihetanHydropowerStation,theworld’ssecond-largesthydroelectricityprojectintermsoftotalinstalledcapacity,wentfully____________in2021.Themostadvancedpower___________technologyintheworldisUHV,andChinaistheonlycountryintheworldthathasmasteredthetechnology.1.2.3.4.5.classifiedcharacterizedmechanical

operation

classify

transmit

characterMechanicallyoperationaltransmissionReadingTask

3Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothetext.Axialpumpshavemoderateheadsandarecommonlyusedinmobileunitsastheyareeasytooperateandmanage.Anelectricgeneratorisadevicethatconvertselectricpowerintomotivepower,namely,mechanicalenergy.BaihetanHydropowerStationisequippedwith16generatingunitswiththelargestcapacityforasinglesuchunitintheworld.Whenatransformer’sprimarycoilisconnectedtoACcurrent,itscorewillproduceACflux,andthesecondarycoilwillinducevoltageorcurrent.ChinaistheonlycountryintheworldthathasmasteredtheUHVPowertransmissiontechnology.()1.()2.()3.()4.()5.FFTTTListeningListentothedialogueandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear.MissJones,couldyoutellmemoreaboutyourfirstjobwith(1)____________managementinapowerplant?Yes,certainly.Iwasintheequipmentmonitoroffice,andIwasresponsibleformonitoringthe(2)____________ofvariousmachines.Theywereverycomplicated,butveryimportant,too.Whichpartwereyouresponsiblefor?Iwasresponsibleformonitoringthe(3)___________part.IseefromyourrésuméthatyoucanspeakJapanese.HaveyoueverbeentoJapan?Yes,Ihave.IspentthreeyearsinJapanfrom2017to2020.IlearnedmechanicsatTokyoUniversity.AsIspeakJapanese,Ihaveaverybigadvantage.M:W:equipment(M=HR;W=MissJones)M:W:operationM:W:transformerListeningM:Yes,ofcourse.HaveyouhadanycontactwithJapaninyourformerjob?Yes,I’vehadalot.Myresearchisconcerning(4)_____________equipment,soIkeepincontactwithmyJapaneseprofessors.Really,I’minterestedtohearmoreaboutthat,butfirst,tellme,areyoufamiliarwithelectricmachinemanagement?No,Ihaven’t,butIthinkelectricmachinesarealsoaboutmechanics,soIcanbeaquicklearnerforthenewjob.That’swhyI’m(5)___________forthisposition.M:W:M:W:mechanicalapplyingListeningmonitor[ˈmɒnɪtə(r)]n.监测operation[ˌɒpəˈreɪʃ(ə)n]n.运行mechanic[məˈkænɪk]n.机械学；力学SpeakingMakeasimilardialoguewithyourfriendonthethemeofajobinterview.Yourdialoguecanbebasedonthelisteningmaterialabove.Dialoguetheme:

Ajobhunterisapplyingforajobinelectricequipmentmanagementinahydropowerplant.TheHRmanagertalkswithhiminaninterview.Theirtalkconcernsknowledgeandworkabouthydropower.CareerZoomInReading

LocatedontheBeijiangRiverabout40kmnortheastofQingyuanCity,GuangdongProvince,FeilaixiaWaterConservancyHubisthelargestcomprehensivewaterconservancyhubprojectinGuangdongprovince.Itsmainfunctionisfloodcontrol,withotherfunctionssuchaspowergeneration,shipping,watersupplyandtheecologicalenvironmentimprovementincluded.ItisakeyprojectofthecomprehensivemanagementoftheBeijiangRiverbasin,andalsoagoodexampleoftheideathatlucidwatersandlushmountainsareinvaluableassets.

FeilaixiaWaterConservancyHubmainlyconsistsofabarragedam,ashiplock,thepowerhouseandthesubstation.Thebarragedamis52.3metershigh,andthedamcrestis2,952meterslong,withan8-meter-wideroadbuiltonitstop.ThehydropowerstationisthelargestonealongtheBeijiangRiverbasin.Itisalow-headrunoffpowerplant,builtintheriverchannel.Fourbulbcross-flowhydrogeneratorsetsareinstalled,withthesingle-enginecapacitybeing35,000kilowatts,andthetotalinstalledcapacityis140,000kilowatts.Theaveragepowergenerationcapacityeveryyearisaveragedatabout555millionkilowatthours.Thediameteroftheturbinerunneris7meters,beingthelargestofitskindinChinawheninstalled.译文返回原文飞来峡水利枢纽飞来峡水利枢纽位于广东省清远市东北约40公里的北江河段上，是广东省最大的综合性水利枢纽工程。其功能以防洪为主，兼有发电、航运、供水和改善生态环境等作用，是北江流域综合治理的一项关键工程,也是绿水青山就是金山银山理念的例证。飞来峡水利枢纽主要由拦河大坝、船闸、发电厂房和变电站组成。拦河大坝高52.3米，坝顶总长2952米，上面修建了一条8米宽的公路。水电站是北江干支流上最大的水电站，发电站属于低水头径流式电站，厂房为河床式，厂内安装了4台单机容量为3.5万千瓦的灯泡贯流式水轮发电机组，总装机容量为14万千瓦，多年平均发电量5.55亿千瓦时，水轮机转轮直径7米，转轮直径为在当时国内同类机组中首屈一指。Reading

Thespillwaygateisaclass-1concretegravitystructure,withthefrontedgebeing285meterslong,themaximumheightofthedambeing52.3metershigh,thedamtopelevationbeing34.8metershigh,andtheroadbridgeatthetopofthedambeing8meterswide.Theoverflowdamhas16overflowholes,andtheweirtopelevationis9metershigh.Theworkinggateisanarc-shapedsteelgate,withafixedhoisterforopeningandclosing.Thedesignflooddischargeflowis21,800m3/s,andthemaximumfloodreleaseis28,700m3/s.ItisthelargestfloodreleasebuildinginGuangdongprovince.

TheFeilaixiashiplockislocatedinthemiddlereachesofthemainstreamoftheBeijiangRiverandisthekeytonavigationinthemountainousareasofnorthernGuangdongprovince,withthehighestnavigationgradelock-inGuangdongprovince.Thelockiscomposedofupperandlowergateheads,lockchambersandcorrespondingequipment.Theeffectivesizeofthelockchamberis190meterslong,16meterswideand3metersdeepatthethreshold,whichismanagedbythelockanddammanagementofficeandcanpassacombinedfleetof500tons.Theshiplockadoptsahighdegreeofautomationmonitoringsystemandtolldispatchingsystem,beingintheleadingpositionamongdomesticlocks.译文泄洪闸为一级建筑物，采用混凝土重力式结构，前沿总长285米，最大坝高52.3米，坝顶高程34.8米，坝顶公路桥宽8米。溢流坝共设16个溢流孔，孔口尺寸为14.12米，堰顶高程9米，工作门为弧形钢闸门，固定式卷扬机启闭。泄洪闸设计洪水泄洪流量为21800m3/s，最大泄洪量为28700m3/s，为广东省泄洪量最大的泄洪建筑物。飞来峡船闸位于北江干流中游，是粤北山区航运的咽喉要道，是广东省通航等级最高的船闸。船闸由上下闸首、闸室和相应设备组成。闸室采用单线一级布置，通航最大水头为14.49米，设计年货运量为467万吨。闸室有效尺寸为长190,宽16,门槛水深3米，由闸坝管理处管理，可通过500吨级的组合船队。船闸采用了自动化程度较高的监控系统和收费调度系统，在国内船闸中处于领先地位。返回原文Reading译文

In1992,theStateCouncilapprovedtheconstructionoftheFeilaixiaWaterConservancyHub.Inthefollowingyear,thegeneralmanagementofficeoftheprojectwasestablished.ConstructionworkbeganonOctober18,1994.Theriverflowwascutoffin1998.And,inMarch1999,thereservoirwasreadyforwaterstorage,andinOctoberofthatyear,withallgeneratingunitsbeinginstalledforpowergeneration,theprojectwascompletedandconnectedtothepowergrid.ThecompletionofthehubmarkedtheestablishmentoftheBeijiangfloodcontrolsystem,whichgivesfullplaytothesocialandeconomicbenefits,ensuresthesafetyoffloodcontrolinGuangzhouandthePearlRiverDeltaregion,andpromotestheeconomicdevelopmentofthemountainousareasinnorthernGuangdongprovince.Withdecadesofpersistenteffortsinecologicalconservationandenvironmentalprotectionacrosstheboard,inallregions,andatalltimes,China’secologicalconservationsystemshavebeenimproved,andsolidprogresshasbeenmadeinpromotinggreen,circular,andlow-carbondevelopment.Historic,transformative,andcomprehensivechangesinecologicalandenvironmentalprotectionhavebroughtusbluerskies,greenermountains,andcleanerwaters.

1992年，国务院批准兴建飞来峡水利枢纽。次年，飞来峡水利枢纽工程建设总指挥部成立。建设工程于1994年10月18日开始。1998年，大江截流；1999年3月水库蓄水，当年10月，全部发电机组并网发电，工程全部完成。枢纽建成后，标志着北江防洪体系的建立，充分发挥了社会效益和经济效益，对保障广州及珠江三角洲地区防洪安全，促进粤北山区的经济发展起到了重要的作用。经过数十年坚持不懈的、全方位、全地域、全过程的生态环境保护工作，中国的生态保护制度体系更加健全，绿色、循环、低碳发展迈出坚实步伐，生态环境保护发生历史性、转折性、全局性变化，我们的祖国天更蓝、山更绿、水更清。返回原文conservancy[kənˈsɜːvənsi]n.（自然资源的）保护，管理hub[hʌb]n.中心comprehensive[ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv]adj.综合性的basin[ˈbeɪsn]n.盆地lucid[ˈluːsɪd]adj.清澈的lush[lʌʃ]adj.葱翠的ecological[ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkl]n.生态的，环境的barrage[ˈbærɑːʒ]n.拦河坝，阻塞powerhouse[ˈpaʊəhəʊs]n.发电站substation[ˈsʌbsteɪʃn]n.变电站crest[krest]n.顶部runoff[ˈrʌnɔːf]n.径流cross-flow[ˈkrɔsˌfleʊ]n.错流diameter[daɪˈæmɪtə(r)]n.直径elevation[ˌelɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n]n.高度weir[wɪə(r)]n.坝，堰arc-shaped[ˈɑːkʃeɪpt]adj.弧形的hoister[ˈhɔɪstər]n.起重机threshold[ˈθreʃhəʊld]n.门槛dispatch[dɪˈspætʃ]v.发出，处理approve[əˈpruːv]v.批准，通过historic[hɪˈstɒrɪk]adj.历史（性）的transformative[ˌtrænsˈfɔːmətɪv]adj.转折性的FeilaixiaWaterConservancyHub飞来峡水利枢纽ecologicalenvironment生态环境comprehensivemanagement综合治理barragedam拦河坝damcrest坝顶lowhead低压头aclass-1concretegravitystructure一级水泥重力式建筑overflowdam溢流坝weirtop堰顶workinggate工作门designflooddischargeflow洪水泄洪流量themaximumfloodrelease最大泄洪量gateheads闸室acombinedfleet组合船队automationmonitoringsystem自动监控系统tolldispatchingsystem收费调度系统thePearlRiverDeltaregion珠江三角洲地区economicdevelopment经济发展acrosstheboard全方位inallregions全地域atalltimes全过程green,circular,andlow-carbondevelopment绿色、循环、低碳发展Itsmainfunctionisfloodcontrol,withotherfunctionssuchaspowergeneration,shipping,watersupplyandtheecologicalenvironmentimprovementincluded.ItisakeyprojectofthecomprehensivemanagementoftheBeijiangRiverbasin,...译文：其功能以防洪为主，兼有发电、航运、供水和改善生态环境等作用，是北江流域综合治理的一项关键工程，……注释：这句话表达了飞来峡水利枢纽的主要功能是什么，兼有什么功能，其地位和作用是什么，逻辑关联性不强，没有必要用复杂的句式强行捏合，所以分成了两句话。而中文用松散句，可以表达为一句话。❶Fourbulbcross-flowhydrogeneratorsetsareinstalled,withthesingle-enginecapacitybeing35,000kilowatts,andthetotalinstalledcapacityis140,000kilowatts.译文：厂内安装了4台单机容量为3.5万千瓦的灯泡贯流式水轮发电机组，总装机容量为14万千瓦。注释：with短语为独立主格结构，用以补充、说明主句。独立主格结构在句中常作状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。❷ReadingTask1Basedonthepassage,choosethecorrectanswerforeachstatement.ThefunctionsofFeilaixiaWaterConservancyHubdonotinclude________.A.watersupplyB.floodcontrolC.powergenerationD.steelmaking1.ReadingWhichwasnotincludedinthestructureofFeilaixiaWaterConservancyHub?A.Apowerstation.B.Areservoir.C.Abarragedam.D.Shiplocks.2.ReadingWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutFeilaixiaWaterConservancyHubisNOTtrue?A.Thebarragedamis52.3metershigh.B.There’saroadbuiltonthedamcrest.C.ThediameteroftheturbinerunnerofthegeneratorunitsisthelargestinChinanow.D.ThecompletionofthehubmarkedtheestablishmentoftheBeijiangfloodcontrolsystem.3.ReadingTheconstructionofFeilaixiaprojectwascompletedin________.A.February,1992B.October,1994C.March,1999D.October,19994.ReadingWhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.FeilaixiaprojectislocatedinQingyuan,Guangdongprovince.B.Feilaixiapowerstationisbuiltintheriverchannel.C.Allhydroelectricitygeneratorsetsarehomegrown.D.TheprojecthasbenefitedthePearlRiverDeltaRegionalotsinceitscompletion.5.ReadingTask

2Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothetext.TheConstructionoftheFeilaixiahubhaspromotedecologicalenvironmentprotection.FeilaixiaprojectistheonlyprojectofthecomprehensivemanagementoftheBeijiangRiverbasin.FeilaixiahydropowerstationisthelargestonealongtheBeijiangRiverbasin.TheworkinggateoftheFeilaixiashiplockoperateswithtwofixedhoistersforopeningandclosing.ThegeneralmanagementofficeoftheFeilaixiaprojectwasestablishedin1992.()1.()2.()3.()4.TFTF()5.F

Onthebackofrenewableelectricitygrowth,theconstructionofanewtypeofpowersystemisacceleratedinChina,whichspursdemandforsmartgridsandpowerstorage.Thenewpowersystemtakeswind,solar,nuclear,biomass,etc.asmainenergysources,withotherresourceslikecoalassupplements.AccordingtotheChinaElectricityCouncil,in2022,China’snewlyinstalledpowergenerationcapacitywas200millionkW,ofwhich160millionkWwasthatofnonfossilenergies.

Asanimportantwayofpowerstorage,pumpedstoragefacilitieshavetwowaterreservoirsatdifferentelevations.Thefacilitypumpswaterfromthelowerreservoirtotheupperreservoirwhenthereisexcesspoweronthegridandreleaseswatertogeneratepowerwhenthereisdemandforelectricity.

In2022,StateGridCorpofChinaputintooperation15setsofpumpedstoragefacilitieswithaninstalledcapacityof4.55millionkW,exceedingtheannualproductionplanof12sets.Bytheendoftheyear,thecompany’sinstalledcapacityofpumpedstoragetotalled28.06millionkW.译文NewEnergySectorBoomsinChina新能源行业在中国蓬勃发展随着可再生能源电力增长，中国正在加速建设一种新型的电力系统，刺激了对智能电网和电力储存的需求。新的电力系统以风能、太阳能、核能、生物能等新能源为主体，以煤炭等其他资源为补充。根据中国电力企业联合会的数据，2022年，中国的新增发电装机容量为2亿千瓦，其中1.6亿千瓦为非化石能源。作为一种重要的电力储存方式，抽水蓄能设施有两个位于不同海拔高度的水库。当电网电力过剩时，该设施将水从下层水库抽到上层水库，并在有电力需求时放水发电。

2022年，国家电网公司投产了15套抽水蓄能设施，装机容量达455万千瓦，超过了12套的年生产计划。到2022年底，该公司的抽水蓄能装机容量共计2806万千瓦。返回原文

Manyregionssaidtheynowhaverecordinstalledcapacitiesinnewenergypowergeneration.Forinstance,theinstalledcapacityofnewenergypowergenerationinXinjiangreachedarecord40.655millionkW,accountingfor36.09percentofthetotalinstalledcapacity.WhileinGansuandQinghaiprovinces,theinstalledcapacityofnewenergypowergenerationhasreached157millionkW,accountingfor45percentofthetotalandsurpassingthatofcoal.

Chinahasseenrapiddevelopmentofnewenergiesinrecentyearswiththeadvancementoftechnologiesandproductionofhigh-qualityequipmentandisverylikelytoleadtheworldinthenewenergysectorandtheestablishmentoftheframeworkofglobalstandards.译文许多地区表示，他们现在的新能源发电装机容量创下新高。例如，新疆的新能源发电装机容量达到了创纪录的4065.5万千瓦，占总装机容量的36.09%。而甘肃和青海两省的新能源发电装机容量为1.57亿千瓦，占总数的45%，超过了煤炭。随着技术的进步和高质量设备的生产，中国的新能源得到了快速发展。中国很有可能在新能源行业和国际标准制定方面引领世界。返回原文sector[ˈsektə(r)]n.部门；行业boom[buːm]v.繁荣renewable[rɪˈnjuːəbl]adj.可再生的accelerate[əkˈseləreɪt]v.加速，加快spur[spɜː(r)]v.鼓动，激励biomass[ˈbaɪəʊmæs]n.生物量supplement[ˈsʌplɪmənt]v.补充nonfossil[nʌnˈfɒsl]adj.非化石的facility[fəˈsɪləti]n.设施excess[ɪkˈses]adj.过量的，多余的generate[ˈdʒenəreɪt]v.产生，引起exceed[ɪkˈsiːd]v.超过record[ˈrekɔːd]v.记录，记载surpass[səˈpɑːs]v.超过newenergysector新能源行业powerstorage储能，储电ChinaElectricityCouncil中国电力企业联合会nonfossilenergies非化石类能源pumpedstoragefacilities抽水蓄能设施StateGridCorpofChina国家电网putintooperation投入运行installedcapacity装机容量accountfor（在数量或比例上）占……high-qualityequipment高质量设备globalstandards国际标准ListeningListentothedialogueandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear.(A=salesperson;B=Mr.Liu)Pleasehaveaseat,Mr.Liu.Ireceivedyourjobresumelastweek,anditwasveryimpressive.Thankyou!Wearea(1)__________companyproducingelectricequipment.MayIaskwhyyouaresointerestedinworkingforus?YourcompanyhasanimpressivereputationintheelectricequipmentmarketandI’vealwayswantedtoworkfora(2)______________companylikeyou.That’sgoodtohear.Wouldyoumindtellingmealittlebitaboutyourpresentjob?I’mcurrentlyworkinginthesalesdepartmentofacompanyspecializinginthetradeofelectricequipment.Myjobismainlyaboutthe(3)_______