英语定语从句专项训练20套试题

英语定语从句专项训练20套试题好的，作为一名资深文章作者，我很乐意为您撰写这篇关于英语定语从句专项训练的文章。定语从句，作为英语语法中的核心模块与难点，不仅是各类英语考试的常客，更是衡量语言运用精准度与复杂度的重要标尺。它通过对名词或代词进行修饰与限定，极大地丰富了句子的信息含量与表达层次。然而，其多样的引导词、复杂的句法功能以及与先行词之间微妙的逻辑关系，常常令学习者感到困惑。为了帮助广大英语学习者系统、高效地攻克定语从句这一难关，本文精心编排了20套专项训练试题。这些试题并非简单的题目堆砌，而是基于定语从句的核心知识点与常见考点，由浅入深、循序渐进地设计而成。每套试题均聚焦特定的语法现象或应用场景，旨在通过针对性练习，强化理解、固化知识、提升技能，最终达到灵活运用定语从句的目的。核心知识点回顾与梳理在进入专项训练之前，我们先来简要回顾一下定语从句的核心要素，为后续练习打下坚实基础：1.定义：定语从句是修饰名词或代词（即先行词）的从句，用以提供关于先行词的更多信息，如性质、特征、状态、所属、时间、地点、原因等。2.引导词（关系词）：*关系代词：which(指物),that(指人或物),who(指人，主格),whom(指人，宾格),whose(指人或物，表所属)。它们在从句中通常充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。*关系副词：when(指时间),where(指地点),why(指原因)。它们在从句中充当状语。3.基本结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。4.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：前者与先行词关系紧密，不可或缺，无逗号隔开；后者仅作补充说明，可用逗号与主句隔开，且通常不用that引导。理解并熟练掌握这些基础概念，是正确解答定语从句试题的前提。20套专项训练试题以下20套试题将帮助您从不同角度、不同难度层面进行练习。请务必认真对待每一套题，独立完成后再对照答案与解析进行反思。第一套：基础入门——关系代词which与that(指物)用适当的关系代词which或that填空，完成下列句子。1.Thebook______Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.2.Thisisthehouse______mygrandfatherbuiltmanyyearsago.3.Haveyoufoundthekeys______youlostlastweek?4.Thefilm______wewatchedlastnightwasquitemoving.5.Idon’tlikethesongs______aretoonoisy.答案与解析：1.which/that(先行词是物book，从句中缺宾语)2.which/that(先行词是物house，从句中缺宾语)3.which/that(先行词是物keys，从句中缺宾语)4.which/that(先行词是物film，从句中缺宾语)5.which/that(先行词是物songs，从句中缺主语)第二套：基础入门——关系代词who,whom与that(指人)用适当的关系代词who,whom或that填空，完成下列句子。1.Thegirl______isstandingoverthereismysister.2.Theman______youmetatthepartyisafamouswriter.3.Weneedsomeone______canhelpuswiththisproject.4.Theteacher______Irespectmostretiredlastyear.5.Isthereanyone______knowstheanswertothisquestion?答案与解析：1.who/that(先行词是人girl，从句中缺主语)2.whom/who/that(先行词是人man，从句中缺宾语，whom为宾格形式，在口语中可用who或that代替，也可省略)3.who/that(先行词是人someone，从句中缺主语)4.whom/who/that(先行词是人teacher，从句中缺宾语，whom为宾格形式，在口语中可用who或that代替，也可省略)5.who/that(先行词是人anyone，从句中缺主语)第三套：关系代词whose(表所属)用关系代词whose填空，完成下列句子。1.Thisistheboy______fatherisadoctor.2.Iknowagirl______singingvoiceisverybeautiful.3.Theyvisitedthevillage______nametheyhadheardmanytimes.4.Thescientist______research成果waspublishedlastmonthisveryyoung.5.Weshouldhelpthose______homesweredestroyedintheearthquake.答案与解析：1.whose(先行词是boy，指“男孩的父亲”)2.whose(先行词是girl，指“女孩的歌声”)3.whose(先行词是village，指“村庄的名字”)4.whose(先行词是scientist，指“科学家的研究成果”)5.whose(先行词是those，指“那些人的家”)第四套：关系副词when(指时间)用关系副词when填空，完成下列句子。1.Istillremembertheday______Ifirstcametothiscity.2.Wewillneverforgettheyear______ourteamwonthechampionship.3.Therearemoments______wefeellonelyandneedafriend.4.Doyouknowtheexacttime______themeetingwillstart?5.Thedays______wespenttogetherinthecountrysidewereveryhappy.(此题考察点：注意区分关系代词与关系副词)答案与解析：1.when(先行词是时间day，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺时间状语)2.when(先行词是时间year，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺时间状语)3.when(先行词是时间moments，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺时间状语)4.when(先行词是时间time，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺时间状语)5.which/that(先行词是时间days，但从句中缺宾语spent的宾语，故用关系代词)第五套：关系副词where(指地点)用关系副词where填空，完成下列句子。1.Thisistheschool______IstudiedwhenIwasyoung.2.Theywenttothevillage______theirancestorslived.3.Ican’tfindtheshop______Iboughtthisdictionary.4.Isthereapark______wecanflykites?5.Thefactory______myfatherworksisnotfarfromhere.答案与解析：1.where(先行词是地点school，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺地点状语)2.where(先行词是地点village，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺地点状语)3.where(先行词是地点shop，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺地点状语)4.where(先行词是地点park，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺地点状语)5.where(先行词是地点factory，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺地点状语)第六套：关系副词why(指原因)用关系副词why填空，完成下列句子。1.Couldyoutellmethereason______youwerelatethismorning?3.Doyouknowthereason______themeetingwascancelled?4.Thereason______shecriedwasthatshemissedhermother.答案与解析：1.why(先行词是reason，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺原因状语)2.why(先行词是reason，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺原因状语)3.why(先行词是reason，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺原因状语)4.why(先行词是reason，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺原因状语)5.why(先行词是reason，从句中不缺主语宾语，缺原因状语)第七套：关系代词vs关系副词辨析(一)根据句意，选择适当的关系代词（which,that,who,whom,whose）或关系副词（when,where,why）填空。1.Themuseum______wevisitedlastSundayhasalotofancientartifacts.2.Thisistheroom______Luxunoncelived.3.I’llneverforgettheday______Imetyouforthefirsttime.答案与解析：1.which/that(先行词museum，从句缺宾语)2.where(先行词room，从句缺地点状语)3.when(先行词day，从句缺时间状语)4.whose(先行词girl，表所属关系)5.why(先行词reason，从句缺原因状语)第八套：关系代词vs关系副词辨析(二)根据句意，选择适当的关系代词（which,that,who,whom,whose）或关系副词（when,where,why）填空。1.Theman______istalkingtoourteacherisournewprincipal.2.Thebook______coverisblueismine.3.Idon’tknowtheplace______hehasgone.4.Thetime______weneedtofinishthetaskislimited.答案与解析：1.who/that(先行词man，从句缺主语)2.whose(先行词book，表所属关系)3.where(先行词place，从句缺地点状语，或理解为towhichhehasgone)4.when(先行词time，从句缺时间状语)5.whom/who/that(先行词student，从句缺宾语)第九套：只用that的情况(一)在下列句子中填入适当的关系代词，注意只能用that的情况。1.All______glittersisnotgold.2.Thisisthefirstnovel______Ihavereadthisyear.3.Theonlything______mattersistokeepcalm.4.Thereislittle______wecandotohelpher.5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools______hehadvisited.答案与解析：1.that(先行词为all，指物)2.that(先行词被序数词first修饰)3.that(先行词被theonly修饰)4.that(先行词为little，指物)5.that(先行词既有人teachers又有物schools)第十套：只用that的情况(二)在下列句子中填入适当的关系代词，注意只能用that的情况。1.Whoisthegirl______isstandingatthedoor?2.Thisisthemostinterestingstory______Ihaveeverheard.3.Theyaretalkingaboutthethingsandpersons______theysawinthefactory.4.Whichisthecar______hitthetree?5.Thereisnodictionary______cancoveralltheEnglishwords.答案与解析：1.that(主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句，先行词指人)2.that(先行词被最高级mostinteresting修饰)3.that(先行词既有人persons又有物things)4.that(主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句，先行词指物)5.that(先行词被no修饰)第十一套：介词+关系代词(一)在下列句子中的空白处填入“介词+which/whom”结构。1.Thehouse____________weliveisveryold.2.Thisistheperson____________Iborrowedthebook.4.Thereason____________hewaslatewasthathemissedthebus.5.Hehasthreesons,all____________aredoctors.答案与解析：1.inwhich(liveinthehouse,介词in提前)2.fromwhom(borrowfromtheperson,介词from提前，指人用whom)3.onwhich(arriveontheday,介词on提前)4.forwhich(thereasonfor...,介词for提前)5.ofwhom(allofhissons,介词of提前，指人用whom)第十二套：介词+关系代词(二)在下列句子中的空白处填入“介词+which/whom”结构。1.Thepen____________Iwriteisveryexpensive.2.Sheisthegirl____________Iwenttothecinemalastnight.4.Thetopic____________wearetalkingisveryimportant.5.Hegavemesomeadvice,____________Ibenefitedalot.答案与解析：1.withwhich(writewiththepen)2.withwhom(wenttothecinemawiththegirl)4.aboutwhich(talkaboutthetopic)5.fromwhich(benefitfromtheadvice)第十三套：非限制性定语从句(一)用适当的关系词填空，注意这些是非限制性定语从句。1.Mybrother,______isadoctor,worksinahospitalinBeijing.2.TheGreatWall,______isoneofthewondersoftheworld,attractsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.3.WevisitedParis,______westayedforaweek.4.Hisfather,______heloveddeeply,passedawaylastyear.5.Shewasbornin1990,______wasamemorableyearforherfamily.答案与解析：1.who(先行词是mybrother，指人，非限制性定语从句，不能用that)2.which(先行词是TheGreatWall，指物，非限制性定语从句，不能用that)3.where/inwhich(先行词是Paris，指地点，从句缺状语)4.whom/who(先行词是hisfather，指人，从句缺宾语，非限制性定语从句，可用whom或who，正式用whom)5.which(先行词是1990，指物/时间，非限制性定语从句，不能用that)第十四套：非限制性定语从句(二)用适当的关系词填空，注意这些是非限制性定语从句。1.Thebook,______coverisgreen,ismine.3.Wewillhaveapicnictomorrow,______theweatherisfine.4.Mr.Smith,______Ioftenplaytenniswith,isagoodteacher.5.Theteamwonthegame,______surprisedeveryone.(指代整个主句内容)答案与解析：1.whose(先行词是book，表所属关系)2.which(指代前面整个主句“他考试不及格”这件事)3.if(此句为条件状语从句，非定语从句，原题目设计可能有误，或可改为prov