现在完成时延续性分词和非延续性动词教案与练习

一、教案部分教学目标1.帮助学生清晰理解现在完成时中延续性动词与非延续性动词的根本区别。2.引导学生掌握非延续性动词在现在完成时中，若需与表示一段时间的状语连用时的转换方法。3.提升学生在实际语境中正确选用这两类动词的能力，避免常见错误。教学重点与难点*重点：延续性动词用于现在完成时，可与“for+时间段”、“since+时间点/从句”等状语连用，表示动作持续的状态。*难点：教学过程（一）复习导入(约5分钟)*活动：教师提问，引导学生回顾现在完成时的构成和基本用法。*"What'sthestructureofthePresentPerfectTense?"(have/has+pastparticiple)*"WhendoweusethePresentPerfectTense?"(表示过去发生并持续到现在的动作/状态；表示过去发生对现在有影响的动作。)*过渡：教师给出两个句子，引发学生思考：1."Ihavelivedinthiscityfortenyears."(√)*提问："Arebothsentencescorrect?Whyorwhynot?"引导学生发现问题，引出本节课主题。（二）新课讲解(约20分钟)1.延续性动词(DurativeVerbs/StateVerbs)*定义：表示动作可以持续一段时间，可以与表示一段时间的状语（如fortwohours,since2010,allmorning）等连用。*例句示范：*ShehasstudiedEnglishsinceshewasachild.(她从小就开始学英语了。)*TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears.(他们已经在北京住了五年了。)*Ihaveknownhimforalongtime.(我认识他很久了。)2.非延续性动词(Non-durativeVerbs/InstantVerbs/TerminatingVerbs)*定义：表示瞬间完成或发生的动作，动作一旦发生即结束，不能持续，因此不能直接与表示一段时间的状语连用。*错误例句辨析：*✗Theyhavestartedthemeetingsince9o'clock.(start是瞬间动作，会议开始的动作在9点那一刻就完成了)*正确用法（不接一段时间状语时）：*Themeetinghasstarted.(会议已经开始了。)3.非延续性动词与延续性表达的转换*核心思路：当我们需要表达一个非延续性动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在（即与表示一段时间的状语连用时），我们需要将非延续性动词转换为相应的延续性动词或状态动词短语。*常见转换列表（结合现在完成时）：*go→beaway/bethere*leave→beaway(from)*Hehaslefthome.→Hehasbeenawayfromhomesincelastweek.*arrive(at/in)→be(at/in)*TheyhavearrivedinParis.→TheyhavebeeninParisfortwodays.*start/begin→beon*Thefilmhasstarted.→Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.*finish/end→beover*Theclasshasfinished.→Theclasshasbeenoverforfiveminutes.*die→bedead*Hisgrandfatherhasdied.→Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadfortenyears.*join→beamemberof/bein*Hehasjoinedthearmy.→Hehasbeenamemberofthearmyforthreeyears./Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.*buy→have*Ihaveboughtthisbook.→Ihavehadthisbooksincelastmonth.*borrow→keep*Shehasborrowedthedictionary.→Shehaskeptthedictionaryforaweek.*marry→bemarried(to)*Theyhavemarried.→Theyhavebeenmarriedfortwentyyears.*getup→beup*Hehasgotup.→Hehasbeenupsince7o'clock.*fallasleep→beasleep*Thebabyhasfallenasleep.→Thebabyhasbeenasleepforanhour.*讲解要点：强调转换后的动词或短语本身具有延续性，能够与for/since等状语搭配。（三）课堂互动与练习(约15分钟)1.判断正误并改正：给出若干句子，让学生判断是否正确，错误的请改正。2.句型转换：将非延续性动词的句子转换为带for/since状语的延续性表达句子。（四）总结与作业布置(约5分钟)*总结：简要回顾本节课重点，强调非延续性动词与一段时间连用时的转换原则。*作业：*完成课后练习部分。*用今天学习的5-8个转换后的延续性表达句子描述自己或家人朋友的经历。二、练习部分一、单项选择(Choosethebestanswer)1.Mygrandparents_______inthissmalltownalltheirlives.A.livedB.havelivedC.havebeenlivedD.areliving2.He_______thearmyin2018.He_______inthearmyforfiveyears.A.joined;hasbeenB.hasjoined;hasbeenC.joined;wasD.hasjoined;was3.—Howlong_______you_______thisbook?—Foraboutaweek.A.have;borrowedB.did;borrowC.have;keptD.do;keep4.Hismother_______sincehewasalittleboy.A.hasdiedB.diedC.hasbeendeadD.wasdead5.Themeeting_______fortenminuteswhenwearrived.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.hadbeenon二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，并根据需要转换为延续性表达1.He_______(leave)hishometownthreeyearsago.He_______(beawayfrom)hishometownforthreeyears.2.Mybrother_______(join)thePartylastyear.He_______(beamemberof)thePartyforoneyear.3.They_______(buy)thishousein2020.They_______(have)thishouseforthreeyears.4.Thefilm_______(start)fiveminutesago.Thefilm_______(beon)forfiveminutes.三、改正下列句子中的错误(Correctthemistakes)2.Theshophasopenedforeighthourseveryday.3.IhaveborrowedthisdictionaryfromthelibrarysincelastMonday.4.Hisdoghasdiedfortwoweeks.5.HowlonghaveyoustartedlearningEnglish?四、将下列句子转换为含有for或since引导的时间状语的句子2.TheyarrivedinNewYorkthreedaysago.→They_____________________NewYorkforthreedays.3.Myfatherlefthomein2022.→Myfather_____________________homesince2022.4.Thesupermarketclosedtenminutesago.→Thesupermarket_____________________fortenminutes.5.Igotupat6:00thismorning.→I_____________________since6:00thismorning.---参考答案一、单项选择1.B2.A3.C4.C5.D二、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空1.left;hasbeenawayfrom2.joined;hasbeenamemberof/hasbeenin3.bought;havehad4.started;hasbeenon5.met;haveknown三、改正下列句子中的错误1.Shehasbeeninourschoolsincelastmonth.(或Shecametoourschoollastmonth.)2.Theshopisopenforeighthourseveryday.(或Theshophasbeenopenforeighthourstoday.)3.IhavekeptthisdictionaryfromthelibrarysincelastMonday.4.Hisdoghasbeendeadfortwoweeks.5.Howlongh