2026届高三英语二轮复习课件：第2部分　阅读能力突破篇　专题2　阅读七选五　第3讲　根据行文逻辑解题

第二部分阅读能力突破篇专题二阅读七选五第3讲根据行文逻辑解题高频考点研析透模拟精练提考能高频考点研析透●辨明题类阅读七选五题型，尤其是段中设空题，命题会特别强调设空处前后语义的逻辑性和内容的连贯性以及句子之间的衔接手法。其特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文具体的事实、事例和说明。●技法点拨每篇文章都是一个有机统一的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的内在联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子之间常常有并列、递进、顺承、转折、解释、因果、例证等关系，甚至有时不止一种关系。因此，做题时要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果没有出现逻辑关系词，考生要全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，然后做出正确的判断。技法1利用并列或递进关系解题并列或递进关系是指后一句对前一句是一种顺承逻辑关系。常见的表示并列关系的标志性词语有first(ly),second(ly),third(ly),next/then,finally/last,firstofall,foronething,foranotherthing,some...others...,not...but...,tobeginwith,toconclude等；常见的表示递进关系的标志性词语有also,further,furthermore,even,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what'smore,notonly...butalso...等。●真题体验(2025·浙江1月卷)Considerthebestmethodtodeliveryourmessage.Iftheinformationyou'recommunicatingisn'turgent,considersendinganemail.Writtencommunicationwillgiveyouraudiencemoretimetoreviewit,thinkitover,andfollowupwithquestions.40Buildingeffectivecommunicationskillstakestime,buttheeffectsareworththeeffort.E．Youmaybesurprisedbywhatyourlistenersoffer.F．Itwillalsogivethemahandyrecordtoreferbackto.G．Asthespeaker,youalreadyknowwhatyou'regoingtosay.【解题示范】段尾题。上文“Iftheinformationyou'recommunicatingisn'turgent,considersendinganemail.Writtencommunicationwillgiveyouraudiencemoretimetoreviewit,thinkitover,andfollowupwithquestions.”说明了发邮件这种书面沟通的好处，选项“Itwillalsogivethemahandyrecordtoreferbackto.”进一步补充了发邮件的另一个好处，其中的also表明选项与空前一句形成递进关系，且选项中的It指代空前一句的Writtencommunication，them指代空前一句的youraudience。故选F。●技法点拨技法2利用转折或让步关系解题转折或让步关系是指后一句对前一句构成逆转逻辑关系。常见表示转折或让步关系的标志性词语有but,however,nevertheless,still,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,instead,onthecontrary,incontrast,incomparison,bycomparison等。●真题体验(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Inaddition,Ihaveanoldtwo-volumecopyoftheShorter

Oxford

Dictionary,pickedupafewyearsagoinabookshopsaleforjust99pence.Ofcourse,withits2,672pages,it'snotexactlyshort.Itcontainsaround163,000words,pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases.39However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there'snothingbetter.ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionary

of

the

English

Languagepublishedin1755.“Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work，”wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof“dull”．40Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.A．Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B．Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C．ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D．Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.【解题示范】

39.段中题。下文“However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there'snothingbetter.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，选项“Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A。40．段中题。上文“‘Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work，’wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof‘dull’．(约翰逊在解释‘dull’的一个定义时写道：‘编字典是件乏味的工作。’)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，选项“Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D。●技法点拨技法3利用因果关系解题因果关系是指后一句为前一句的结果(有时后一句为前一句的原因)。常见的标志性词语有so,therefore,thus,consequently,asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat,resultin/from,leadto,dueto,thanksto,owingto等。

●真题体验(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)●You'llfeellikeyouhavemoretime.Peopleoftenfeeltheyaretoobusytovolunteer.Yet,researchhasfoundthatgivingyourtimetocommunitycausesactuallymakesyoufeellikeyouhavemoreofit.37

E．Foradults,volunteeringcanprovidesignificantphysicalhealthbenefits.F．Youmayevenlearnthatyourkidhasatalentyoudidn'tknowaboutbefore.G．Volunteeringmakesyoufeelcapableandinspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday.【解题示范】段尾题。根据段落主旨句“You'llfeellikeyouhavemoretime.”及上文“Yet,researchhasfoundthatgivingyourtimetocommunitycausesactuallymakesyoufeellikeyouhavemoreofit.”可知，设空处需解释“感觉时间更多”的原因。选项“Volunteeringmakesyoufeelcapableandinspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday.”中的“makesyoufeelcapable”和“inspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feellikeyouhavemoretime”形成因果关系。故选G。●技法点拨技法4利用例证关系解题例证关系是前后句的某句，是为了证明或解释另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，而其实质是思维上的形象(例子、类比等)和抽象(观点)的辩证关系，所用到的思维过程就是基本的归纳(从例子到观点)和演绎(从观点到例子)。行文中常见的标志性词语有forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords,thatis(tosay)等。●真题体验(2025·浙江1月卷)Keepyouraudienceinmind.Youraudiencewillnaturallybemoreinterestedandengagedwhenyoutailoryourcommunicationstotheirinterests.37Thiswillengagetheirdesiretounderstandandinteractwiththeinformation.B．Gettheaudienceinvolved.C．Thebestmessagesareoftensimple.D．Speakdirectlytowhatmatterstothem.【解题示范】段中题。上文“Youraudiencewillnaturallybemoreinterestedandengagedwhenyoutailoryourcommunicationstotheirinterests.”强调要迎合受众兴趣，选项“Speakdirectlytowhatmatterstothem.”进一步举例说明一个具体做法，即直接针对受众关心的事情进行交流，与上文逻辑一致。故选D。●技法点拨技法5利用解释关系解题从逻辑上看，句子之间是解释关系，作者提出观点，紧接着对这个观点进行解释说明。表示解释关系的标志词语有：thatistosay,inotherwords等。因此，把握文章结构，厘清作者所表达的观点至关重要。●真题体验(2025·北京卷)Turnerwiselysaidthat“doingwell”psychologicallyisbeingabletorollwiththeflowofemotions,managethem,communicateclearlyandwellwithothers,andmastervariousskills.Thisrequiresaninternallocus(核心)ofcontrol,whichimpliesself-controlofyourthoughts,feelings,andactions.37You'reself-directedandnotreliantontheworldtotellyouwhoyouare.Andyouknowwhoyouarewithinallthis.B．Theytalkaboutsomeone'sinabilitytosupportthemselvesthroughwork.C．It'sbeingabletoshowunderstandingwhencommunicatingwithothers.D．Inotherwords,you'replayingthegameoflife—lifeisn'tplayingyou.【解题示范】段中题。由上文“Turnerwiselysaidthat‘doingwell’psychologicallyisbeingabletorollwiththeflowofemotions,managethem,communicateclearlyandwellwithothers,andmastervariousskills.Thisrequiresaninternallocus(核心)ofcontrol,whichimpliesself-controlofyourthoughts,feelings,andactions.”可知，本空应进一步解释这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。选项“Inotherwords,you'replayingthegameoflife—lifeisn'tplayingyou.”能承接上文，符合题意，用比喻的方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选D。模拟精练提考能A(2025·河南省创新发展联盟高三一模)You'reprobablyfamiliarwiththeterm“zerowaste”．Itgetsmentionedfrequentlyalongsideclimatechangeandglobalwarming.Theenergyusedinincinerating(焚烧)wasteisquicklywarmingtheearth.So,maybeit'stimetoconsideritseriously.Startingyourjourneytoazero-wastelifestylemaybedifficult.1.Thesooneryoucanstartmakingevensmallchanges,thebetter.Thefollowingaretipsforworkingyourwayintoazero-wastelifestyle.☆ReducepackagingOnestepyoucantakeistoreducetheamountofpackagingyou'repurchasing.Sure,thosesnackpacksofchipsmaybegreatforportioncontrol,butthesameeffectcanbeachievedbybuyingtheminbulk(散装)andseparatingthemintoseparate,reusablecontainers.2.Notonlyareyousupportingthesmallbusinessesinyourcommunity,butyou'realsoreducingtheamountoftrashyou'reproducing.Youcanevenbringyourownbags!☆UsereusablebagsOnthetopicofbags,it'stimetostopusingplasticgrocerybagsaswell.Infact,sincemanygrocerystoreshavestartedchargingforbags,there'sbeenadecreaseinbagsbought.Oftentimes,themoneyspentonthosebagshasbeenfunneledintocommunityrecyclingresources.3,whichisgreatnewsfortheenvironment.☆4Youcanbuyreusablebagsinalotofshopsnow,andyoudon'tevenhavetogoforthebrandedones.Ifyou'refeelingmorefashion-forward,therearealotofgorgeousgrocerybagsonthemarket.Andifyou'rehandy,youcanevencrochet(编织)oneusingtheplasticbagsyoualreadyhaveonhand.☆Gotoyourlocalthriftstore(旧货店)Thriftstoresarealsogreatforhouseholditemslikedishes,linens,andtoysforchildren.Insteadofbuyingacheapsweaterfromoneofthemanyfastfashionbrandsoutthere,trycheckingoutalocaloronlinethriftstore.5.A．Stayawayfromsingle-useitemsB．AvoiditemswithasinglefunctionC．Plentyofhigh-qualityclothingendsupthereD．However,everypersonmattersinthissituationE．SomecitieshaveevengonesofarastobanthemF．YoucanshopforitemsmadefromnaturalmaterialsG．Tryshoppingatyourlocalfoodstoresforyouressentials【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就实现零浪费的生活方式提出了一些建议。1．D段中题。根据上文“Startingyourjourneytoazero-wastelifestylemaybedifficult.”可知，本句与上文构成转折，上文提出开始零浪费生活方式之旅可能很困难，本句说明这么做的意义，构成转折关系。D项“然而，在这种情况下，每个人都很重要”符合语境。2．G段中题。后文“Notonlyareyousupportingthesmallbusinessesinyourcommunity,butyou'realsoreducingtheamountoftrashyou'reproducing.Youcanevenbringyourownbags！”提到支持社区的小企业，推测本句是在对购买的场地提出建议。G项“试着在当地的食品店购买必需品”符合语境。3．E段中题。根据上文“Onthetopicofbags,it'stimetostopusingplasticgrocerybagsaswell.Infact,sincemanygrocerystoreshavestartedchargingforbags,there'sbeenadecreaseinbagsbought.Oftentimes,themoneyspentonthosebagshasbeenfunneledintocommunityrecyclingresources.”可知，本句主要说明对环境来说是好消息，推测空处建议停止使用塑料袋，可知与此有关。E项“一些城市甚至禁止使用”符合语境。4．A小标题。根据本段内容“Youcanbuyreusablebagsinalotofshopsnow,andyoudon'tevenhavetogoforthebrandedones.Ifyou'refeelingmorefashion-forward,therearealotofgorgeousgrocerybagsonthemarket.Andifyou'rehandy,youcanevencrochet(编织)oneusingtheplasticbagsyoualreadyhaveonhand.”可知，本段说明了使用可以重复使用的物品，或者自制，这些东西具有可重复利用的性质，说明是建议远离一次性物品。A项“远离一次性物品”符合语境。5．C段尾题。上文“Thriftstoresarealsogreatforhouseholditemslikedishes,linens,andtoysforchildren.Insteadofbuyingacheapsweaterfromoneofthemanyfastfashionbrandsoutthere,trycheckingoutalocaloronlinethriftstore.”提到去当地或网上的旧货店看看，本句为本段最后一句，说明这么做的原因。C项“很多高质量的服装最终都送到了那里”符合语境。B(2025·广东省梅州市高三一模)Thereareallkindsofthingsthatcanaffectairquality,includingwildfiresmoke.Buttheriskstoyourhealthfrompoorairqualityduetowildfiresmokeareserious,andcancauselong-lastingdamage.1FindyourlocalairqualitymonitorYoucanaccessup-to-dateairqualityinformationonairnow.gov.Thesitecaneitheruseyourdevice'slocationoryoucanenteryourzipcodetofindyourlocalairquality.2KeepyourdoorsandwindowsclosedIfyoudeterminethatyourlocalairqualityisbad,youcanhelptomitigatetheeffectsonyourindoorairqualitybykeepingdoorsandwindowsclosed.3Besides,itcanallowHVACandairpurifierstoworkbettertocleantheair.Buildanairqualityemergencykit4Thekithasitemsyouwillneedandkeepitinanaccessibleareaforquickaccess.Whenbuildingyourkit,masksandrespiratorsshouldhaveaNIOSHN-95orP100.Chooseanairpurifierthat'sdesignedtotacklethesizeroomyou'reusingitin.Clean-upRemovingashfromwildfiresordustfromastormcancauseparticlestobecomeairborneandposeahazardtoyourlungs.Youshouldalsoavoidusingleafblowersthatcankickdustandashupintotheair.5Forcleaningupindoorareas,useavacuumwithaHEPAfiltertokeepfromkickingparticlesupintotheair.A．Butthere'snothingyoucandotoavoidbreathingtheair.B．Toprepareforanairqualityemergency,youshouldbuildyourselfakit.C．Theseaircleanersreduceindoorparticle(微粒)levelsbymorethan90%.D．Inthisway,youcanlimitthecirculationofoutdoorairintoyourhome.E．Luckily,thereareseveralwaysyoucanprotectyourselfandyourlovedonesfromthat.F．Ifyouhaveashinyouryard,lightlywateringyourlawnwillsticktheashtotheground.G．Youcanalsotuneintolocalnewsandweathertogetupdatesonyourairqualityforecast.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何保护自己和亲人免受野火烟雾造成的空气污染的伤害。1．E段尾题。根据上文“Buttheriskstoyourhealthfrompoorairqualityduetowildfiresmokeareserious,andcancauselong-lastingdamage.”可知，野火烟雾造成的空气质量会对身体健康造成长期损害，E项“幸运的是，有几种方法可以保护自己和亲人免受伤害。”能够承接上文，且能引起下文，下文介绍了具体的办法。2.G段尾题。上文“Youcanaccessup-to-dateairqualityinformationonairnow.gov.Thesitecaneitheruseyourdevice'slocationoryoucanenteryourzipcodetofindyourlocalairquality.”是一种了解当地的空气质量的方法，G项“您还可以收听当地新闻和天气，以获取空气质量预报的更新。”能够承接上文，介绍了另一种了解当地的空气质量的方法，即收听当地新闻和天气预报。3．D段中题。根据上文“Ifyoudeterminethatyourlocalairqualityisbad,youcanhelptomitigatetheeffectsonyourindoorairqualitybykeepingdoorsandwindowsclosed.”可知，我们可以通过保持门窗关闭来帮助减轻对室内空气质量的影响，D项“通过这种方式，您可以限制室外空气进入家中的循环。”能够承接上文，保持门窗关闭可以帮助减轻对室内空气质量的影响，因为这可以限制室外受污染的空气进入家中。4．B段首题。根据段落小标题“Buildanairqualityemergencykit”可知，本段内容是应该准备空气质量应急包，B项“为了应对空气质量紧急情况，你应该为自己准备一个工具包。”符合段落主旨，且能够引起下文，下文具体介绍了应急包里应该有什么。5．F段中题。根据上文“Youshouldalsoavoidusingleafblowersthatcankickdustandashupintotheair.”可知，我们如何防止野火造成的灰烬的传播，F项“如果你的院子里有灰烬，稍微给草坪浇水会把灰烬粘到地上。”能够承接上文，也是对防止灰烬传播的办法的举例。C(2025·内蒙古自治区赤峰市高三一模)Itisnotnecessarilysomethingbadtodevelopboredombecausetheworldofimaginationliesjustbeyondit.Itishealthyforthebrain.Yourbrainspendstimerelaxingandtidyingupwhenyou'rebored.Andjustasyoufeelbetterwhenyourhomeisneatandtidy,soitiswithyourbrain.Usually,wearesurroundedbynon-stopinformation,whichsendsthebrainintooverdrive.12Oftenenough：youtryyourhardesttorecallsomething,butitjustwon'tcometomind.Themomentyourelaxanddosomethingelse,yourbrainretrieves(检索)theinformationfromthedeepestpartofyourmemory.Boredomallowsyourbraintorootoutinformation,andsolveproblems.Ithelpsyourediscoveryourcreativity.Justasyourbrainusesboredomtosolveproblems,thisrelaxedstatealsostrengthensyourcreativemuscles.3It'saplacewherethemindgoesintototalrelaxation.Itenablesyoutomotivateyourself.Boredomcanalsomeanyou'renotdoingwhatyoureallywanttodo.4Inotherwords,ifhumansdidn'tgetbored,wewouldn'tinnovateorseekoutnewadventures.Thus,boredomisthemotivationforourintelligence,curiosityanddrivetodiscovernewthings.Ithelpsyouconcentrate.5Ifyoulearnasachildtobearboredom,thelessoncanhelpyoudevelopvaluabletoolstohelpstrengthenyourself-controlandmentaldisciplineinlaterlife.A．Itdrivesyoutoexploreyourinterests.B．Itmakesyoubecomeabetterproblemsolver.C．Realizingthiscanhelpyousetgoalsandgoafterthem.D．Trytosetyourmindfreetowanderandenjoyadaydream.E．Adullmomentgivesyourstressedbrainachancetorecover.F．Thisiswhymanypeoplecomeupwithnewideaswhileintheshower.G．Yourabilitytocopewithboredomisrelatedtoyourcapacitytofocus.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无聊的积极面，解释了为什么发展无聊感并不一定是坏事，因为无聊的背后隐藏着想象的世界。1．E段尾题。根据上文“Usually,wearesurroundedbynon-stopinformation,whichsendsthebrainintooverdrive.”可知，我们的大脑经常处于过载状态。选项E“Adullmomentgivesyourstressedbrainachancetorecover.”指出无聊的时刻能让压力大的大脑有机会恢复，与前文形成因果关系，解释了为什么无聊对大脑有益。2．B段首题。空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Oftenenough：youtryyourhardesttorecallsomething,butitjustwon'tcometomind.Themomentyourelaxanddosomethingelse,yourbrainretrieves(检索)theinformationfromthedeepestpartofyourmemory.Boredomallowsyourbraintorootoutinformation,andsolveproblems.”可知，本段主要讲述无聊能让大脑找出信息并解决问题。选项B“Itmakesyoubecomeabetterproblemsolver.”符合段落主旨，概括了本段大意。3．F段中题。根据上文“Justasyourbrainusesboredomtosolveproblems,thisrelaxedstatealsostrengthensyourcreativemuscles.”可知，放松的状态能增强创造力。选项F“Thisiswhymanypeoplecomeupwithnewideaswhileintheshower.”是对前文内容的举例说明，解释了放松状态下有助于产生创造力的现象。4．C段中题。根据上文“Boredomcanalsomeanyou'renotdoingwhatyoureallywanttodo.”可知，无聊可能意味着你没有做自己真正想做的事。选项C“Realizingthiscanhelpyousetgoalsandgoafterthem.”自然延续上文内容，说明意识到无聊背后的原因能帮助我们采取行动，逻辑连贯。5．G段中题。根据段首句“Ithelpsyouconcentrate.”可知，本段主题是无聊能帮助我们集中注意力。选项G“Yourabilitytocopewithboredomisrelatedtoyourcapacitytofocus.”直接点明了无聊与专注之间的联系，符合段落主题。D(2025·浙江省杭州市高三二模)Manyadultsareproudtosharetheirfascinationswithwhatotherswouldlabelaskids'toys.MiniBrandsmysterypacksorotherblindboxeshavebecomeaphenomenonascollectiblesforsomeadults.1Forothers,Legosareontheirwishlistencouragedbythebrand'sgrowingnumberofgrown-upsets.2Seekingandsparkingchild-likejoymaybepartoftheappeal,saidbehavioraltherapistMaddyEllberger.“Whensomethingremindsusofapositivememory,wearelikelytoengagewithitbecausetheassociationrecallsthosememories.”3Clothingbrandsarealsocashinginonnostalgia(怀旧情怀)—fromCrocscreatingaLizzieMcGuireclogtoLululemon'sDisneycollectionmakingafullcomebackthatincludesadults.Barbieisn'tjustforkidsclothesnoweither,thankstotherecentfilmand“Barbie-core”fashiontrend.Inadditiontothetrendyappeal,alltheserevivalscanalsotouchonafeelingofconnectionduringatimeofincreaseddivision.Butwhetherthatdesireforconnectionissatisfieddependsonwhetheryoucantranslatetheexcitementintoreal,in-personconnection.4

“Buthavingorwearingthesamethingisnottheactualstepsofformingsharedidentity，”Ellbergersaid.“AndIfeellikethat'ssomeofwhatgetslost,anditisn'timpossible.”Ellbergerhasagreatideaforthis.“Youareintoacertaintrend,liketoys.There'sagoodchanceyou'llfindotherswhoareintothesametrend.5Ifitwaspartofeveryone'ssecretSantaorwhiteelephant—that'sareallycutewayofconnectingoverthis，”shesaid.A．Thecrazegoesbeyondtoys.B．So,what'swiththefascination?C．It'sagreatwaytoformcommunity.D．Thengivethesetoystothe