2026年考研真题及答案（MPA英语二+财务管理）

2026年考研真题及答案（MPA英语二+财务管理）2026年公共管理硕士（MPA）考研英语二笔试真题考试科目：英语（二）考试时长：180分钟满分：100分适用专业：公共管理硕士（MPA）、工商管理硕士（MBA）、会计硕士（MPAcc）等专业硕士考生须知：1.答题前请填写个人信息，核对无误后开始答题；2.所有答案需写在答题纸指定位置，写在试卷上无效；3.听力部分播放完毕后，不再重复播放；4.主观题（翻译、写作）需字迹工整、条理清晰，避免语法错误；5.考试结束后，试卷、答题纸一并交回，不得带出考场。第一部分英语知识运用（完形填空）（共20小题，每小题0.5分，满分10分）Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Publicadministrationplaysacrucialroleinmodernsociety,asitconnectsthegovernmentwiththepublic.Itisresponsiblefor1publicservices,implementinggovernmentpolicies,andresolvingsocialconflicts.Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofdigitaltechnology,publicadministrationhasbeen2transformed.Digitalgovernmentplatformshavemadeiteasierforcitizenstoaccesspublicservices,3theefficiencyofadministrativework.However,thistransformationalsobringsnew4.Forexample,thedigitaldividebetweenurbanandruralareasmay5somecitizensfrombenefitingfromdigitalpublicservices.Inaddition,datasecurityandprivacyprotectionhavebecomemajor6inthedigitalera.Publicadministratorsneedto7thesechallengeswhilepromotingdigitaltransformation.Agoodpublicadministratorshouldpossessavarietyof8.Theyneedtohaveasolidunderstandingofpublicpoliciesandlegalregulations,aswellasstrongcommunicationandproblem-solvingskills.9,theyshouldbeabletoadapttonewtechnologiesand10innovativesolutionstopublicproblems.Onlyinthiswaycanpublicadministrationbetterservethepublicandpromotesocialdevelopment.Inthecontextofglobalintegration,publicadministrationalsofacesinternational11.Manypublicissues,suchasenvironmentalprotectionandpublichealth,requireinternationalcooperation.Publicadministratorsneedtohaveaglobal12andlearnfromadvancedinternationalexperiencetoimprovethequalityofpublicservices.Thefutureofpublicadministrationliesintheintegrationoftechnologyandpublicservice.Byleveragingdigitaltoolsandinnovativeconcepts,publicadministratorscan13moreefficient,transparentandpeople-orientedpublicservices.Thisnotonly14thetrustofcitizensinthegovernmentbutalsolaysasolidfoundationforsocialstabilityand15.Insummary,publicadministrationisadynamicfieldthat16withthetimes.Itrequirescontinuousreformandinnovationto17thechangingneedsofsociety.Publicadministratorsshouldtaketheirresponsibilitiesseriously,18theinterestsofthepublic,andstrivetobuildabettersocietyforallcitizens.Withtheirefforts,publicadministrationwillplayanevenmore19roleinthefuture,contributingtothe20ofhumansociety.A.providingB.demandingC.changingD.reducingA.accidentallyB.fundamentallyC.slightlyD.hardlyA.loweringB.ignoringC.improvingD.questioningA.opportunitiesB.challengesC.benefitsD.rewardsA.preventB.protectC.persuadeD.promiseA.advantagesB.concernsC.strengthsD.differencesA.avoidB.createC.addressD.escapeA.qualitiesB.hobbiesC.habitsD.interestsA.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.OtherwiseA.designB.copyC.abandonD.purchaseA.pressuresB.joysC.surprisesD.freedomsA.visionB.memoryC.habitD.emotionA.receiveB.deliverC.refuseD.hideA.weakensB.strengthensC.doubtsD.reducesA.developmentB.declineC.stabilityD.conflictA.changesB.fadesC.disappearsD.pausesA.meetB.ignoreC.avoidD.createA.neglectB.prioritizeC.forgetD.damageA.minorB.passiveC.importantD.negativeA.progressB.failureC.conflictD.poverty第二部分阅读理解（共25小题，每小题2分，满分50分）SectionA（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Digitalgovernmenthasbecomeaglobaltrendinpublicadministration.Itreferstotheuseofdigitaltechnologies,suchastheInternet,bigdata,andartificialintelligence,toimprovetheefficiencyandqualityofpublicservices.Inmanycountries,digitalgovernmentplatformshavebeenestablishedtoprovidecitizenswithone-stopservices,rangingfromapplyingforIDcardstopayingtaxes.Oneofthemainadvantagesofdigitalgovernmentisitsconvenience.Citizensnolongerneedtowaitinlonglinesatgovernmentoffices;theycancompletevariousproceduresonlineathomeoronthego.Thisnotonlysavescitizens’timebutalsoreducestheworkloadofgovernmentstaff.Forexample,inChina,the“GovernmentServicePlatform”allowscitizenstohandlemorethan1,000typesofpublicservicesonline,coveringeducation,medicalcare,andsocialsecurity.Anotheradvantageistransparency.Digitalgovernmentplatformsmakegovernmentworkmoreopenandtransparent,ascitizenscanchecktheprogressoftheirapplicationsandthedetailsofgovernmentpoliciesatanytime.Thishelpstoreducecorruptionandbuildtrustbetweenthegovernmentandthepublic.Arecentsurveyshowsthat85%ofcitizensincountrieswithmaturedigitalgovernmentsystemsaresatisfiedwiththetransparencyofgovernmentwork.However,digitalgovernmentalsofacessomechallenges.Thedigitaldivideisamajorissue,especiallyindevelopingcountries.ManyruralandelderlycitizensdonothaveaccesstotheInternetorlacktheskillstousedigitalplatforms,whichpreventsthemfrombenefitingfromdigitalpublicservices.Inaddition,datasecurityandprivacyprotectionarealsomajorconcerns.Withtheincreasinguseofbigdata,thereisariskofpersonalinformationbeingleakedormisused.Toaddressthesechallenges,governmentsneedtotakeeffectivemeasures.Theyshouldstrengthentheconstructionofdigitalinfrastructureinruralareasandprovidetrainingforelderlycitizenstoimprovetheirdigitalskills.Atthesametime,strictdatasecuritylawsandregulationsshouldbeformulatedtoprotectcitizens’privacy.Onlyinthiswaycandigitalgovernmenttrulyserveallcitizensandpromotesocialequity.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Theadvantagesandchallengesofdigitalgovernment.

B.Thedevelopmentofdigitaltechnologyinpublicadministration.

C.Theimportanceofdatasecurityindigitalgovernment.

D.Thewaystoimprovedigitalgovernmentservices.

Whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofdigitalgovernment?

A.Itincreasestheworkloadofgovernmentstaff.

B.Itrequirescitizenstowaitinlonglines.

C.Itprovidesconvenientone-stopservices.

D.Itleadstotheleakageofpersonalinformation.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“transparency”inParagraph3mean?

A.Thestateofbeingeasytounderstandandopen.

B.Thestateofbeingdifficulttoaccess.

C.Thestateofbeingsecretandprivate.

D.Thestateofbeingcomplexandconfusing.

Whatisthemainchallengeofdigitalgovernmentmentionedinthetext?

A.Thehighcostofdigitalinfrastructure.

B.Thedigitaldividebetweendifferentgroupsofcitizens.

C.Thelackofgovernmentstaffwithdigitalskills.

D.Theresistancefromcitizenstodigitalservices.

Whatcangovernmentsdotoaddressthechallengesofdigitalgovernment?

A.Stopthedevelopmentofdigitalgovernment.

B.Ignoretheneedsofruralandelderlycitizens.

C.Strengthendigitalinfrastructureandprotectdatasecurity.

D.Reducethenumberofpublicservicesprovidedonline.

Text2Public-privatepartnership(PPP)isacooperationmodelbetweenthegovernmentandprivateenterprisestoprovidepublicservicesorinfrastructureprojects.Inrecentyears,PPPhasbeenwidelyusedinpublicadministration,especiallyinthefieldsoftransportation,education,andmedicalcare.Thismodelcombinestheadvantagesofthegovernment(suchaspolicysupportandpubliccredibility)andprivateenterprises(suchasefficiencyandinnovation),makingitaneffectivewaytoimprovepublicservicequality.OneofthekeybenefitsofPPPisthatitreducesthefinancialburdenonthegovernment.Intraditionalpublicserviceprovision,thegovernmentneedstobearallthecostsofinfrastructureconstructionandoperation.WithPPP,privateenterprisesinvestfundsandparticipateintheoperationandmanagementofprojects,whichreducesthegovernment’sfinancialpressure.Forexample,inahighwayconstructionproject,theprivateenterpriseinvestsintheconstructionandoperatesthehighwayforacertainperiod,andthentransfersittothegovernment.Anotherbenefitistheimprovementofserviceefficiency.Privateenterprisesaremoremarket-orientedandhavemoreexperienceinprojectmanagementandinnovation.Theycanbringadvancedtechnologiesandmanagementmethodstopublicprojects,whichhelpstoimprovetheefficiencyandqualityofpublicservices.AstudyshowsthatPPPprojectsareusuallycompleted15%fasterthantraditionalgovernment-ledprojects,andtheservicequalityisalsosignificantlyhigher.However,PPPalsohassomerisks.Oneofthemainrisksistheimbalanceofinterestsbetweenthegovernmentandprivateenterprises.Privateenterprisespursueprofits,whilethegovernmentfocusesonpublicinterests.Iftheinterestsarenotproperlybalanced,itmayleadtoconflictsandeventhefailureoftheproject.Inaddition,thelong-termnatureofPPPprojects(usually20-30years)alsobringsuncertainties,suchaschangesinpolicyandmarketconditions.ToensurethesuccessofPPPprojects,thegovernmentneedstoestablishasoundregulatorymechanism.Itshouldclarifytherightsandobligationsofbothparties,formulatereasonableprofitdistributionplans,andstrengthenthesupervisionofprojectoperation.Atthesametime,privateenterprisesshouldadheretotheprincipleofpublicwelfarewhilepursuingprofits.OnlythroughmutualtrustandcooperationcanPPPachievewin-winresultsforthegovernment,privateenterprises,andthepublic.WhatisPPPaccordingtothetext?

A.Amodelofgovernment-ledpublicserviceprovision.

B.Acooperationmodelbetweengovernmentandprivateenterprises.

C.Awayforprivateenterprisestoobtaingovernmentsubsidies.

D.Amethodtoreducethegovernment’spoliticalpressure.

WhatisoneofthekeybenefitsofPPP?

A.Itincreasesthegovernment’sfinancialburden.

B.Itreducesthegovernment’sfinancialpressure.

C.Iteliminatestheneedforgovernmentsupervision.

D.Itmakesprivateenterprisesbearallprojectcosts.

WhycanPPPimproveserviceefficiency?

A.Becauseprivateenterprisesaremoremarket-orientedandinnovative.

B.Becausethegovernmentprovidesmorefundsfortheproject.

C.Becausetheprojectcycleislonger.

D.Becausethereisnoconflictbetweenthegovernmentandprivateenterprises.

WhatisthemainriskofPPPmentionedinthetext?

A.Theshort-termnatureoftheprojects.

B.Thelackofpublicsupport.

C.Theimbalanceofinterestsbetweenthegovernmentandprivateenterprises.

D.Thehighcostofprojectconstruction.

HowcanthesuccessofPPPprojectsbeensured?

A.Bylettingprivateenterprisesmakealldecisions.

B.Byestablishingasoundregulatorymechanismandstrengtheningcooperation.

C.Byreducingtheprojectcycletolessthan10years.

D.Byincreasinggovernmentinvestmentintheprojects.

Text3Theconceptof“people-oriented”hasbecomethecoreofmodernpublicadministration.Itemphasizesthatpublicadministrationshouldtaketheinterestsandneedsofcitizensasthestartingpointandgoal,andstrivetoimprovethequalityoflifeofcitizens.Inpractice,thismeansthatpublicadministratorsshouldlistentothevoicesofcitizens,respondtotheirdemands,andprovideservicesthatmeettheiractualneeds.Oneoftheimportantwaystoimplementthepeople-orientedconceptistostrengthenpublicparticipation.Publicparticipationallowscitizenstoparticipateintheformulationandimplementationofpublicpolicies,whichensuresthatpoliciesaremoreinlinewiththepublicinterest.Forexample,manylocalgovernmentsholdpublichearingsbeforeformulatingimportantpolicies,suchasurbanplanningandenvironmentalprotection,tocollectopinionsfromcitizensandexperts.Anotherwayistoimprovetheaccessibilityofpublicservices.Publicservicesshouldbeavailabletoallcitizens,regardlessoftheirgender,age,orsocialstatus.Thisrequiresgovernmentstooptimizethelayoutofpublicservicefacilities,expandservicecoverage,andprovidepersonalizedservicesforspecialgroups,suchastheelderly,thedisabled,andlow-incomegroups.Forexample,somecitieshavesetupcommunityservicecenterstoprovideone-stopservicesforresidents,includingmedicalconsultation,legalassistance,andculturalactivities.Inaddition,thepeople-orientedconceptalsorequirespublicadministratorstoimprovetheirserviceawarenessandprofessionalquality.Theyshouldtreatcitizenswithsincerityandpatience,andsolvetheirproblemsinatimelymanner.Agoodpublicadministratorshouldbeabletoputthemselvesinthecitizens’shoesandunderstandtheirdifficultiesandneeds.Theimplementationofthepeople-orientedconceptisnotonlyconducivetoimprovingtherelationshipbetweenthegovernmentandthepublicbutalsopromotessocialharmonyandstability.Whencitizensfeelthattheirinterestsarevaluedandtheirneedsaremet,theywillbemorewillingtosupportthegovernment’sworkandparticipateinsocialconstruction.Inthelongrun,thiswillhelptobuildaharmoniousandstablesociety.Whatisthecoreofmodernpublicadministrationaccordingtothetext?

A.Thepursuitofeconomicgrowth.

B.Thepeople-orientedconcept.

C.Theimprovementofadministrativeefficiency.

D.Thestrengtheningofgovernmentpower.

Whatisanimportantwaytoimplementthepeople-orientedconcept?

A.Reducingpublicparticipationinpolicy-making.

B.Strengtheningpublicparticipation.

C.Ignoringtheneedsofspecialgroups.

D.Focusingonlyoneconomicdevelopment.

Whydolocalgovernmentsholdpublichearings?

A.Toshowtheirpowertocitizens.

B.Tocollectopinionsfromcitizensandexperts.

C.Toreducethecostofpolicy-making.

D.Tospeedupthepolicy-makingprocess.

Whatdoesthepeople-orientedconceptrequirepublicadministratorstodo?

A.Improvetheirserviceawarenessandprofessionalquality.

B.Ignorethevoicesofcitizens.

C.Focusontheirowninterests.

D.Reducethenumberofpublicservices.

Whatisthebenefitofimplementingthepeople-orientedconcept?

A.Itincreasesthegovernment’sfinancialburden.

B.Itleadstosocialconflicts.

C.Itimprovesthegovernment-publicrelationshipandpromotessocialharmony.

D.Itreducestheefficiencyofpublicadministration.

Text4Intheeraofglobalization,publicadministrationisfacingunprecedentedchallengesandopportunities.Withtheincreasinginterdependencebetweencountries,manypublicissueshavebecomeglobal,suchasclimatechange,publichealthemergencies,andcross-bordercrime.Theseissuescannotbesolvedbyasinglecountry;theyrequireinternationalcooperationandjointefforts.Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingglobalpublicissues.Itaffectsthelivingenvironmentofallhumanbeingsandposesaseriousthreattoglobalfoodsecurityandecologicalbalance.Toaddressclimatechange,countriesaroundtheworldhavesignedtheParisAgreement,whichaimstolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow2degreesCelsius.PublicadministratorsplayanimportantroleinimplementingtheParisAgreement,suchasformulatingenvironmentalprotectionpolicies,promotingthedevelopmentofrenewableenergy,andstrengtheninginternationalcooperation.Publichealthemergencies,suchastheCOVID-19pandemic,havealsohighlightedtheimportanceofinternationalcooperationinpublicadministration.Duringthepandemic,countriessharedmedicalresources,exchangedepidemicpreventionexperience,andcoordinatedtheirepidemicpreventionpolicies.Publicadministratorsneedtohaveaglobalperspectiveandbeabletorespondquicklytocross-borderpublichealthemergencies.Inaddition,cross-bordercrime,suchasdrugtraffickingandcybercrime,isanothermajorglobalpublicissue.Thesecrimesnotonlyharmtheinterestsofindividualsandcountriesbutalsoaffectglobalsecurityandstability.Publicadministratorsneedtostrengtheninternationallawenforcementcooperation,shareintelligence,andcrackdownoncross-bordercrimetogether.Theopportunitiesbroughtbyglobalizationtopublicadministrationarealsoobvious.Countriescanlearnfromeachother’sadvancedexperienceinpublicadministration,promotetheexchangeoftalentsandtechnologies,andimprovethequalityofpublicservices.Forexample,manydevelopingcountrieshavelearnedfromtheexperienceofdevelopedcountriesindigitalgovernmentandpublicserviceprovision,whichhashelpedthemimprovetheiradministrativeefficiency.Inconclusion,globalizationhasmadepublicadministrationmorecomplexandchallenging,butitalsoprovidesopportunitiesforcountriestocooperateandimprove.Publicadministratorsneedtoadapttothetrendofglobalization,strengtheninternationalcooperation,andworktogethertosolveglobalpublicissues,soastopromotethecommondevelopmentofhumansociety.Whatisthemaintopicofthetext?

A.Theimpactofglobalizationonpublicadministration.

B.Thechallengesofclimatechange.

C.Theimportanceofpublichealthemergencies.

D.Thewaystocrackdownoncross-bordercrime.

Whichofthefollowingisaglobalpublicissuementionedinthetext?

A.Localenvironmentalpollution.

B.Climatechange.

C.Domesticcrime.

D.Regionaleconomicinequality.

WhatisthepurposeoftheParisAgreement?

A.Topromoteeconomicglobalization.

B.Tolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow2degreesCelsius.

C.Tocrackdownoncross-bordercrime.

D.Torespondtopublichealthemergencies.

HowdidcountriesrespondtotheCOVID-19pandemic?

A.Theyworkedindependentlyanddidnotcooperate.

B.Theysharedmedicalresourcesandexchangedexperience.

C.Theyignoredthepandemicandfocusedoneconomicdevelopment.

D.Theyclosedtheirbordersandrefusedtocommunicate.

Whatistheopportunitybroughtbyglobalizationtopublicadministration?

A.Countriescanlearnfromeachother’sadvancedexperience.

B.Itincreasesthedifficultyofsolvingpublicissues.

C.Itleadstomorecross-bordercrime.

D.Itreducestheneedforpublicservices.

SectionB（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）Directions:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubtitlefromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubtitleswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Subtitles:

A.Improvethequalityofpublicadministrators

B.Strengtheninternationalcooperation

C.Promotedigitaltransformation

D.Focusonpublicparticipation

E.Balancetheinterestsofallparties

F.Prioritizetheinterestsofcitizens

G.Reducethegovernment’sfinancialburdenPublicadministrationisconstantlyevolvingtomeetthechangingneedsofsociety.Toimprovethequalityandefficiencyofpublicadministration,governmentsaroundtheworldhavetakenaseriesofmeasures.41.Inthedigitalera,digitaltechnologyhasbecomeanimportanttoolforpublicadministration.Governmentsareactivelypromotingtheconstructionofdigitalgovernmentplatforms,whichcanimprovetheefficiencyofpublicserviceprovisionandmakeitmoreconvenientforcitizenstoaccesspublicservices.Forexample,onlineserviceplatformsallowcitizenstohandlevariousprocedureswithoutgoingtogovernmentoffices,whichsavestimeandeffort.42.Publicparticipationisanimportantpartofmodernpublicadministration.Itallowscitizenstoexpresstheiropinionsanddemands,andensuresthatpublicpoliciesaremoreinlinewiththepublicinterest.Governmentsshouldestablishchannelsforpublicparticipation,suchaspublichearingsandonlineconsultation,toencouragecitizenstoparticipateintheformulationandimplementationofpublicpolicies.43.Thecoreofpublicadministrationistoservethepublic.Governmentsshouldalwaystaketheinterestsofcitizensasthestartingpointandgoal,andprovidepublicservicesthatmeettheiractualneeds.Thisrequiresgovernmentstolistentothevoicesofcitizens,respondtotheirdemandsinatimelymanner,andsolvetheirproblemseffectively.44.Publicadministratorsarethemainimplementersofpublicadministration.Theirqualityandabilitydirectlyaffecttheefficiencyandqualityofpublicservices.Governmentsshouldstrengthenthetrainingandmanagementofpublicadministrators,improvetheirprofessionalqualityandserviceawareness,andencouragethemtoinnovateintheirwork.45.Withthedeepeningofglobalization,manypublicissueshavebecomeglobal,suchasclimatechangeandpublichealthemergencies.Theseissuescannotbesolvedbyasinglecountry;theyrequireinternationalcooperation.Governmentsshouldstrengthencommunicationandcooperationwithothercountries,shareexperienceandresources,andworktogethertosolveglobalpublicissues.第三部分翻译（共1小题，满分15分）Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Publicadministrationisanimportantpartofmodernsociety,whichplaysacrucialroleinpromotingsocialdevelopmentandmaintainingsocialstability.Itinvolvesthemanagementofpublicaffairs,theprovisionofpublicservices,andtheimplementationofgovernmentpolicies.Inrecentyears,withtherapiddevelopmentofsocietyandeconomy,publicadministrationhasundergonegreatchanges.Theapplicationofdigitaltechnologyhasmadepublicadministrationmoreefficientandtransparent,andthepeople-orientedconcepthasbecomethecoreofpublicadministration.Publicadministratorsshouldadheretotheprincipleofservingthepublic,continuouslyimprovetheirprofessionalqualityandservicelevel,andstrivetobuildamorefair,efficientandpeople-orientedpublicadministrationsystem.Onlyinthiswaycanpublicadministrationbetteradapttothechangingneedsofsocietyandpromotethesustainabledevelopmentofhumansociety.第四部分写作（共2小题，满分25分）SectionA（小作文，满分10分）Directions:Supposeyouareastudentwhoisgoingtoapplyforamaster’sprograminPublicAdministration(MPA)inauniversity.Writeanapplicationlettertotheadmissioncommitteeoftheuniversity.Inyourletter,youshould:

1.Introduceyoureducationalbackgroundandworkexperience;

2.ExplainwhyyouwanttoapplyfortheMPAprogram;

3.Expressyourexpectationsfortheprogram.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.Donotwritetheaddress.SectionB（大作文，满分15分）Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyouressay,youshould:

1.Describethechartbriefly;

2.Analyzethereasonsforthechanges;

3.Giveyourownviewsonthetrend.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.（图表说明：2022-2026年我国数字政府服务用户规模及增长率，用户规模从2022年的8.5亿人增长到2026年的12.8亿人，年增长率保持在10%-15%之间，其中2024年增长率最高，达到14.8%。）2026年MPA考研英语二真题答案及解析第一部分英语知识运用（完形填空）（满分10分）答案：A解析：结合上下文，公共管理负责“提供”公共服务，providing（提供）符合语境；demanding（要求）、changing（改变）、reducing（减少）均不符合句意。答案：B解析：数字技术让公共管理发生了“根本性”转变，fundamentally（根本地）符合语境；accidentally（偶然地）、slightly（轻微地）、hardly（几乎不）均不符合文意。答案：C解析：数字政府平台“提高”了行政工作效率，improving（提高）符合逻辑；lowering（降低）、ignoring（忽视）、questioning（质疑）均与文意相反。答案：B解析：由however可知，此处指转型带来的新“挑战”，challenges（挑战）与后文的difficulties相呼应；opportunities（机会）、benefits（好处）、rewards（回报）均不符合转折逻辑。答案：A解析：城乡数字鸿沟可能“阻碍”部分公民享受数字公共服务，prevent（阻碍）常与from搭配，符合语境；protect（保护）、persuade（说服）、promise（承诺）均不符合句意。答案：B解析：数据安全和隐私保护成为主要“关注点”，concerns（关注点、担忧）符合语境；advantages（优势）、strengths（优点）、differences（差异）均不符合文意。答案：C解析：公共管理者需要“应对”这些挑战，address（应对、解决）符合语境；avoid（避免）、create（创造）、escape（逃避）均不符合句意。答案：A解析：优秀的公共管理者应具备多种“素质”，qualities（素质、品质）符合语境；hobbies（爱好）、habits（习惯）、interests（兴趣）均不符合文意。答案：C解析：前文讲需要政策和法律知识、沟通能力，后文讲适应新技术，是递进关系，Moreover（此外）符合逻辑；However（然而）表转折，Therefore（因此）表因果，Otherwise（否则）表假设，均不符合。答案：A解析：设计创新解决方案，design（设计）符合语境；copy（复制）、abandon（放弃）、purchase（购买）均不符合句意。答案：A解析：全球化背景下，公共管理面临国际“压力”，pressures（压力）符合语境；joys（快乐）、surprises（惊喜）、freedoms（自由）均不符合文意。答案：A解析：公共管理者需要有全球“视野”，vision（视野、远见）符合语境；memory（记忆）、habit（习惯）、emotion（情感）均不符合句意。答案：B解析：提供更高效、透明、以人为本的公共服务，deliver（提供、交付）符合语境；receive（接收）、refuse（拒绝）、hide（隐藏）均不符合文意。答案：B解析：这不仅“增强”公民对政府的信任，strengthens（增强）符合语境；weakens（削弱）、doubts（怀疑）、reduces（减少）均与文意相反。答案：A解析：为社会稳定和“发展”奠定基础，development（发展）符合语境；decline（衰退）、stability（稳定，与前文重复）、conflict（冲突）均不符合句意。答案：A解析：公共管理是一个随时代“变化”的动态领域，changes（变化）符合语境；fades（褪色）、disappears（消失）、pauses（暂停）均不符合文意。答案：A解析：满足社会不断变化的需求，meet（满足）符合语境；ignore（忽视）、avoid（避免）、create（创造）均不符合句意。答案：B解析：优先考虑公众利益，prioritize（优先考虑）符合语境；neglect（忽视）、forget（忘记）、damage（损害）均不符合文意。答案：C解析：发挥更“重要”的作用，important（重要的）符合语境；minor（次要的）、passive（被动的）、negative（负面的）均不符合句意。答案：A解析：为人类社会的“进步”做贡献，progress（进步）符合语境；failure（失败）、conflict（冲突）、poverty（贫困）均不符合文意。第二部分阅读理解（满分50分）SectionA（满分40分）Text1答案及解析答案：A解析：文章第一段介绍数字政府的定义，第二、三段讲其优势（便利、透明），第四段讲挑战（数字鸿沟、数据安全），第五段讲解决措施，核心是数字政府的优势和挑战，故选A。答案：C解析：根据第二段第一句“Oneofthemainadvantagesofdigitalgovernmentisitsconvenience.Citizensnolongerneedtowaitinlonglines...one-stopservices”可知，数字政府提供便捷的一站式服务，故选C；A、B、D均为数字政府的缺点或问题，排除。答案：A解析：根据第三段第二句“digitalgovernmentplatformsmakegovernmentworkmoreopenandtransparent,ascitizenscancheck...atanytime”可知，transparency意为“透明、公开”，与A项“容易理解且公开的状态”一致，故选A。答案：B解析：根据第四段第二句“Thedigitaldivideisamajorissue,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Manyruralandelderlycitizens...preventthemfrombenefiting”可知，主要挑战是不同公民群体之间的数字鸿沟，故选B。答案：C解析：根据第五段第二句“Theyshouldstrengthentheconstructionofdigitalinfrastructur