（2025年）全国硕士研究生考试英语1真题卷及答案

2025年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）科目代码（201）真题及答案解析考生注意事项:1.考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则。2.答题前，考生须将答题卡上的“考生姓名”、“报考单位”“考生编号”等信息填写清楚，并与准考证上的一致。3.答案必须按要求填涂或书写在指定的答题卡上。（1）选择题的答案需用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，用其它笔填涂的或写在试卷上的答案无效。（2）其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔在答题卡上按规定要求作答，凡写在试卷上或未写在指定位置的答案无效。4.答题卡严禁折叠。考试结束后，将答题卡和试卷一起交给监考人员SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)LocatedinthesouthernPeloponnesianpeninsula,Pavlopetri(themodernnameofthesite)emergedasaNeolithicsettlementaround3500B.C.andbecameanimportanttradingcenterforMycenaeanGreece(1650-1180B.C.).ThisareaoftheAegeanSeais1toearthquakesandtsunamis,whichcausedthecityto2sink.TheslowsealevelriseinMediterranean3thiscityaround3000yearsago.Formillennia,thecity's4layunseenbelowsome13feetofwater.Theywerecoveredbyathicklayerofsand5theislandofLaconia.Inrecentdecades,shifting6andclimatechangehaveerodedanaturalbarrierthat7Pavlopetri.In1967ascientificsurveyofthePeloponnesiancoastwas8datatoanalyzechangesinsealevels9BritishoceanographerNicholasFlemmingfirstspottedthesunken10.Ayearlater,hereturnedwithafewstudentsto11thelocationandmapthesite.12theexcitinginitialfinds,thesitewouldlie13fordecadesbeforearchaeologistswouldreturn.In2009archaeologistsChrysanthiGallouandJonHenderson14theexcavationofPavlopetriincooperationwiththeGreekMinistryofCulture.Sincethe1960s,underwaterarchaeology15andtoolshadmadehugeadvances.Theteam16robotics,sonarmapping,andstate-of-the-artgraphicstosurveythesite.From2009to2013theywereabletobringtheunderwatertownto17Coveringabouttwoandahalfacres,Pavlopetri'sthreemainroads18some50rectangularbuildings,allofwhichhadopencourtyards.ExcavationsrevealedalargenumberofMinoan-styleloomweights,19Pavlopetriwasathrivingtradecenterwitha20textileindustry.1.[A]relevant[B]prone[C]available[D]alien2.[A]accidentally [B]frequently [C]gradually [D]temporarily3.[A]disguised [B]submerged [C]relocated [D]isolated4.[A]legends [B]programs [C]remains [D]surroundings5.[A]across [B]off [C]under[ D]via6[A]currents [B]rivers [C]seasons [D]winds7[A]elevated [B]separated [C]comprised [D]protected8[A]gathering [B]restoring [C]updating [D]supplying9[A]when [B]until [C]after [D]once10[A]belongings [B]resources [C]products [D]structures11[A]preserve [B]select [C]display [D]examine12[A]Despite [B]Unlike [C]Besides [D]Among13[A]unchallenged [B]unknown [C]unorganized [D]undisturbed14[A]suspended [B]transferred [C]resumed [D]canceled15[A]policies [B]theories [C]documents [D]techniques16[A]ordered [B]provided [C]employed [D]adjusted17[A]effect [B]light [C]reality [D]mind18[A]crossed [B]connected [C]blocked [D]altered19[A]expecting [B]suggesting [C]predicting [D]recalling20[A]robust [B]diverse [C]marginal [D]dependentSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1ThegrammarschoolboyfromStratford-Upon-Avonhaslandedascholarly.PunchaftergroundbreakingresearchshowedthatShakespearedoesbenefitchildren'sliteracyandemotionaldevelopment,butonlyifyoucanacthimout.Astudyfoundthata"rehearsalroom"approachtoteachingShakespearebroadenedchildren'svocabularyandthecapacityoftheirwritingaswellastheiremotionalliteracy."Theresearchshowsthatthewayactorswork.Makesabigdifferencetothewaychildrenuselanguageandalsohowtheythinkaboutthemselves,"JacquiOHanlonofRoyalShakespeareCompany(RSC),whichcommissionthestudy,said.Therandomisedcontroltrialinvolvedhundredsofyear5pupils--agednineandten--at45.StateprimaryschoolsthathadnotbeenpreviouslyexposedtoRSPedagogy.TheyweresplitintotargetandcontrolgroupsandaskedtowriteforexampleamessageinbottleasFerdinandaftertheshipwreckinthetempest.Thetargetgroupwasgivena30-minutedramabasedactivitytoaccompanythepassage.Thepeer-reviewedresultsshowedthatthetargetgroupofpupilsdrewonawidervocabulary,usedwords,classedasmoresophisticatedorrarer,andwroteatgreaterlength.Theyalsoappeartobemorecomfortablewritinginrole.While[control]pupilsimaginehowtheythemselveswouldreacttobeingshipwrecked,[target]childrenputthemselvesintheshoesofliterarycharacterandexpressthatcharacter'semotion.TheTimetoActStudyalsofoundthatwhilecontrolledpupilsreliedondesertislandcliché’s,suchaspalmtrees,targetpupilsweremoreexpansive[giving]abroaderpictureofthesky,theseaandtheatmosphericconditions.O'Helensaidshehadbeenmostsurprisedbytheemotionalliteracythatwasevidentinthechildren'swriting,andthattheyweremoreresilientintheirwritingmorehopeful,sheadded:theemotionalunderstandingwasveryevidentanditisprobablyrelatedtotherehearsalroomprocess,whereyouareusedtotryingtoimagineyourwaythrough.Theywerecomfortableindescribingdifferentemotionalstatesandpartofwhatyoudoindramaisputyourselfindifferentshoes.Thestudyshowedtheimportanceofembeddingourineducation,shesaid.Butcouldtheresultsberereplicatedwithanyolddramatists?O'HanlonsaidmoreresearchwouldbeneededbutsuggestedthatShakespeare'suseof20,000words,comparedwiththeeveryday2,000wordsgaveamassiveexpansionoflanguageintoachildren'slives,whichwascombinedwithchildrenusingtheirwholebodiestobringwordstolife.21.Therehearsalroomapproachrequirespupilsto.[A]rewritethelinesfromShakespeare[B]watchRSCactorsperformances[C]playtherolesinShakespeare[D]studydramaunderRSCartists22.Thestudydividedthepupilsintotwogroupstofind.[A]whetherathechangeinsituationenhancelearningoutcomes[B]expandingvocabularyhelpsdevelopreadingfluency[C]seeemotionaffectsunderstandingofsophisticatedworkers[D]theclassroomactivitystimulatesinterestinthearts23.Controlpupil'srelianceondesertislandclick’sshowstheir.[A]weaknessindescription[B]omissionofsmalldetails[C]casualstyleofwriting[D]thepreferenceforbigwords24.Whatcanpromotechildren'semotionalliteracyaccordingtoO'Hanlon?[A]Writinginanimaginativemanner[B]Identifyingwithliteracycharacters[C]Drawinginspirationfromnature[D]Centralizingonreallifesituations25.Itcaninferredfromthelastparagraphthat.[A]athenewteachingmethodmayworkbestwithShakespeare[B]thelanguageofShakespearemaybeformidableforpupils[C]otherolderdramatistsmaybeincludedinprimaryeducation[D]thepupilsmaybereluctanttoworkonotherolddramatistsText2Iwasshockedtolearnrecentlythatsomescientistswanttoscalebacktheirresearchinanefforttodecreasecarbonemissions.Thecrisisishere,theysaid,andweneedtocutbackonourenergy-intensivemodeling.Attheveryleast,weneedtomakeourenergyusefarmoresustainableItisunarguablethatourlaboratories,scientificinstruments,rocketsandsatellites-thetoolswescientistsneedtomeasuretheplanet'spulse-demandsignificantamountsofenergybothintheirconstructionandoperation.Anditisequallytruethatscience'sunrelentingappetiteforinformationhascausedamushroomingofenergy-intensivedatacentersaroundtheworld.AccordingtotheInternationalEnergyAgency,thesebuildingsnowconsumeaboutIpercentoftheworld'selectricity.Iftheworldistomeetitsnet-zeroambitions,wemustthinkhardabouthowwecandeliversustainablecomputinganddelivermoreLUMISEveryday,scientists,technologistsandengineersarediscoveringnewwaystoexploitrenewableenergysourcesanddeveloptechniquesnotjusttousepowermoreintelligentlybuttopowerourintelligence.AgreatexampleofthisisEurope'slargestsupercomputer,LUMIinFinland,whichisastonishinglycarbon-negative,establishedinanoldpapermill,itispoweredbyanearbyriveranditsremoteheatwarmsthepeoplewholiveinthesurroundingtownofKajaani.26.Theauthorexpressedgreatsurpriseatsomescientists'.[A]unwillingnesstocutcarbonemissions[B]intentiontoreducetheirresearch[C]suspicionsaboutsustainableenergy[D]wasteofelectricityintheirprojects27.Theauthorbelievesthatcarbonemissionsfromresearch.[A]havecausedgraveconsequences[B]havecausedgroundlessworries[C]arehardtohandleatpresent[D]arejustifiableinthelongrun28.TheexampleofGreeninParagraph5isusedtoillustrate,.[A]theachievementsofgreatscientists[B]theurgencyofaddressingclimatechange[C]therewardsofscientificendeavors[D]thevalueoffosteringhumaningenuity29.Itcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraph.[A]Isamodelofsustainabilityefforts[B]Isatriumphagainstenergyshortage[C]owesmuchtoglobalhet-20initiatives[D]aimstoexplorethepowerofintelligence30.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthoragreewith?[A]Emission-freemodelingdemandsextrafunding[B]Theneedforsupercomputersisdifficulttomeet[C]Energy-intensiveresearchworkisinevitable[D]Thegoalsofresearchersoughttoberealistic.Text3EversincetakingonNetflixIn[C]atitsowngame,oldHollywoodhasstruggledtoturnaprofitinstreaming,withthelikesofDisney+,PeacockandParamountlosingbillionsofdollarseachyear,sparkingconcernsthattheserviceswillneverbeasprofitableascableoncewas.Buttheageofstreaminghasbeenaboonforsomeunintendedwinners:piratesthatusesoftwaretoripafilmortelevisionshowinsecondsfromlegitimateonlinevideoplatformsandhostthetitlesontheirown,illegitimateservices,whichrakeinabout$2billionannuallyfromadsandsubscriptions.Withnovideoproductioncosts,illegalstreamingsiteshaveachievedprofitmarginsapproaching90%,accordingtotheMotionPictureAssociation(MPA),atradegrouprepresentingHollywoodstudiosthat'sworking.tocrackdownonthethousandsofillegalplatformsthathavecroppedupinrecentyears.InitiallytheriseoflegitimateonlinebusinessessuchasNetflixactuallyhelpedcurbdigitalpiracy,whichhadlargelybeenbasedonfileuploads.Butnowpiracyinvolvingillegalstreamingservicesaswellasfile-sharingcoststheUSeconomyabout$30billioninlostrevenueayearsandsome250,000jobsestimatestheUSChamberofCommerce'sGlobalInnovationPolicyCenter.Theglobalimpactisabout$71billionannually."Thepeoplewhoarestealingourmoviesandourtelevisionshowsandoperatingpiracysitesarenotmomandpopoperations,"saysCharlieRivkin,chiefexecutiveofficeroftheMPA."Thisisorganizedcrime."RivkinjoinedtheMPAin2017aftertheorganizationfailedfiveyearsearliertobuildconsensusbetweenHollywoodandSiliconValleytowinpassageoflegislationinCongressaimedatstoppingonlinepiracy.In2017theassociationformedtheAllianceforCreativityandEntertainment(ACE).anenforcementtaskforceofabout100detectivescirclingtheglobetohelplocalauthoritiesarreststreamingpirates.ACEsaysit'shelpedshrinkthenumberofillegalstreamingservicesinNorthAmericato126,frommorethan1,400in2018,aidedinpartbytheMPA'ssupportfora2020federallawthatmadelarge-scalestreamingofcopyrightmaterialaseriouscrime.ConsultingfirmParksAssociatespredictsthatlegitimateUSstreamingservices'cumulativelossfrompiracysince2022willreach$113billioninthenexttwoyears."Whilethereissomeoptimismthatemerging,countermeasuresandbestpracticesmayseepiracybegintoplateauby2027,thereisnoconsensusamongstakeholdersastowhenitmaybegintodecline,"saysanalystSteveHawley.31.AccordingtoParagraphI,legitimatestreamingservices[A]havedrawnlessonsfromHollywood[B]havesurpassedcableinrevenue[C]areunpopularwithadvertisers[D]areconfrontedwitharealthreat32.ItcanbelearnedthatstreamerslikeNetpix[A]playedapartinthefightagainstillegalfile-sharing[B]reapedbenefitsfromthewarwithdigitalpirates[C]promisedtobecomebigjobcreatorsintheUS[D]usedtocollaboratewithfileuploadingplatforms33.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph4thattheMPA[A]wasdeniedcooperationbysiliconvalley[B]ledanationalprotestagainstonlinepiracy[C]wasurgedtofromanenforcementtaskforce[D]failedtowinsupportfromlocalauthorities34.AccordingtoHawley,digitalpiracy:[A]cannotbecheckedinspiteofnewlegislation[B]willpossiblyoverwhelmlegitimatestreamers[C]isunlikelytodiminishinthenearfuture[D]hasbeenunderestimatedbysomeanalysts35.Whichofthefollowingisemphasizedinthetext?[A]Theneedtocoordinateanti-piracyaction[B]Thecriminalnatureofcopyrightviolation[C]Theprospectofeliminatingonlinepiracy[D]TheeconomicharmfromillegalstreamingText4Visitanyantiquesstoreandyou'Ilencounterartifactsfromthepast:photographs,letters,abrochuredetailingtheSinclairdinosaurexhibitfromthe1964-65World'sFair,theephemeraofhistory.Yettheseobjectsaren'ttrulyephemeral,becausethey'restillhere,decades,evencenturieslater.Why?Becausethey'retangible.Haveyouponderedthelifecycleofintangibleformats,digitalinformation,giventhatthosewhoproducetheseartifactsseldommakeprovisionfortheirlong-termpreservation?Formillennia,we'veknownwhatwe'veknownduetoartifactsthathavesurvived,oftendespitetheiroriginalcreators'neglect.Thethingitselfisthemediumthatdeliverstheinformation.Atthetimeofcreation,noattemptsweremadeatintentionalpreservation,yetanalogmaterialshaveachanceofsurvivingandservingasthehistoricalrecordthatbiographers,historians,andnovelistsrelyon.Librariesandarchiveshavetraditionallyshoulderedtheresponsibilityoforganization,preservation,andaccesstoinformation.OneofS.R.Ranganathan'sfoundationalLawsofLibraryScienceis"Savethetimeofthereader."Thus,librariansdigitizethetangiblesothatresearcherstheworldovercanquicklysearchandaccesstheirholdings.Theresultisanembarrassmentriches,whichbringsitsownneedle-and-haystackproblems.Librarians'innatealtruismcanactagainstuswhenuserspointtouniversalityofaccessbyholdingupacellphoneandsaying,"it'sallinhere,"ornoting"Ineverhavetoleavemylaptop"asevidencethatlibrariesarelessvitalforresearcherstoday.Yethowwasthatuniversalityofaccessmadepossibleand,perhapsmoreimportantly,howisitmaintained?Whocurateswhatispreserved?Whenitcomestoborn-digitalinformation,theterrifyinganswercanbe:ifnotlibrariansandarchivists,thennoone.Digitalinformationrequiresagreatdealmorecarethananalog.Evenwhenadigitalobjectispreserved,itmayonlybethecarrierthat'ssaved,nottheinformationitself.Astechnologyadvancesandaformatbecomesobsolete,theobjectisuseless.HaveyoueverstaredhelplesslyataZIPdisk,thinking:howdoIgetthefilesoffthis?Withoutconstantmigrationofdigitalassets,anightmareabouttheforeseeablefutureiswhatkeepshistoriansupatnight:ahistoricalrecordthatabruptlystopswhendigitalreplacesanalog.Thisphenomenonisfrighteningbecauseit'spervasive,fromthephotosonyourphonetotheofficialU.S.federalgovernmentpublicationsintegraltodocumentingourrepublicandinformingitselectorate.There'salsothehorrorofsheervolume;wearedrowninginaseaofunorganizeddigitalinformation.Digitalobjectsincreaseexponentiallyinawaytangibleformatsdonot.Inthe1990s,afamilymighthadafewhoursofhome.moviesdocumentingthreegenerations.Mymillennialsisterhasthousandsofhoursofvideofromhertwo-year-old'sstillbrieftimeonthisplanetwithnoorganizationalmetadata(i.e.,it'sunsearchable).Sowhenitcomestopreservation,thesituationisakintobailingthatdigitalseawithateacup.Froma"historicalrecord"standpoint,thisdoesn'teventouchontheissueofauthentication,whichisincreasinglyimportantinaneraofdeepfakes,manipulation,andafter-the-factrevisionofprimarysources.36.Theauthormentionstheartifactsfromthepastto[A]introducethecollectionofantiques[B]contrastthemwitheverydayitems[C]bringuptheissueofpreservation[D]commentontheirhistoricalvalue37.Comparedwithdigitalobjects,tangibleartifacts[A]arelesssubjecttotheircreators'neglect[B]conveyinformationinamoredirectway[C]requiremoreinternationalpreservation[D]arelesslikelytosufferseriousdamage38.AccordingtoParagraph3,librariansworkmayresultin[A]oversupplyofmaterials[B]undervaluationoflibraries[C]researchers'underperformance[D]users'overrelianceontechnology39.The"ZIPdisk"iscitedasanexampletoshow[A]thehazardofretrievingfilesthroughunusualmeans.[B]theinfeasibilityofconstantlymigratingdigitalassets[C]thepossibilityoflosinginformationinobsoleteformats.[D]theinconvenienceofstoringinformationonanalogdevices40.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthetest?[A]Hardworkshouldbedonetopreserveartifacts.[B]Contributionsoflibrariansshouldberecognized[C]Accessingdatabasesisessentialtoresearchers.[D]KeepingdigitalhistoricalrecordsisachallengePartBDirections:ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableparagraphsfromthelistA-Gandfillthemintothenumberedboxestoformacoherenttext.ParagraphFandGhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Peterslikestophotographbutterfliesinalandscape,celebratingthebeautyoftheirsurroundingsaswellastheinsectsthemselves.HispicturesofaGlanvillefritillaryrisingfromthesea-pinksbesidethechalkcliffsofComptonBayontheIsleofWightareparticularlyglorious.Thesetale-offshotsareevenmorechallengingbecausetheyrequireawide-anglelens,whichmeanshemustbelessthan2cmfromthebutterfly.It'sincrediblydifficulttogetthatclosetoaskittishsun-warmedinsect.Unlikesomephotographers,who"cheat"bykeepinginsectsinafridgetoslowthemdown.Petersrefusestotemperwithwildbutterflies.[B]Peters'signatureshotisabutterfly"take-off",showingthemultiplewing-beatsofonebutterflyinoneframeasitliftsofffromaflower.Howdoeshecaptureit?Technologyhelps.AtypicaldigitalSLRcamerashoots20framesasecond.Heusesahigh-speedOMSystemwhichshoots120framesasecond.[C]BritainhasrelativelyfewbutterflyspeciescomparedwithmainlandEuropeand80%areindecline,mostlybecauseintensivechemicalfarminghasreducedmanyspeciestotinyfragmentsofhabitatandsmallnaturereserves.Globalheatingisbenefitingsomespeciesbutothersaretooisolatedtofindsuitablenewhabitat,andgardeninghabits-pavingovergardensandusingpesticides-aren'thelpingeither.Butterfliesmaynotpollinateasmanyplantsaswildbeesandhoverflies,butbecauseBritishbutterfliesarethebest-studiedgroupofinsectsintheworld.theyareanextremelyusefulindicatorofthewiderdeclinesinflyinginsects[D]Fiveyearsago,atsummer'send,AndrewFusekPeterswasdiagnosedwithbowelcancer."Iwaswaitingforsurgery,feelingreallyill,sittinginmygarden.Itwasamazingweatherandtherewerepaintedladybutterflieseverywhere,"hesays."Theywereasymboloffragilelife,ofhopeanddefiance,andsomethingappealedtomysoul[E]Thatmakesitsoundeasy,andartificial,butPetersinsistsitisstillamassivechallenge.Hetypicallytakesbetween10,000and20,000shotstogetonebutterflytake-offsequenceinfocus.Atsuchhighshutterspeeds,thedepthoffieldistiny.andasbutterfliesdohotflyinastraightlinetheyswiftlyflutteroutoffocus.Aswellasthousandsofattempts,ittakespatienceandfieldcrafttoanticipateabutterfly'slikelyflight-line-andcatchit-infocus[F]Sowhat'stheappealofalong,sweatydayinpursuitofanelusive,fasting-movingwildanimal?"Itjustfeelsbloodybrilliant,"saysPeters,"IfI'vehadafulldayofgoodencounterswithbutterflies,metinterestingbutterflypeopleandI'vegotsomegoodshots,thatbecomesavaultinmyspiritualbank.It'sahappyfeeling."[G]Achildren'sauthorandpoetwhohadbecomeakeenamateurphotographer,peterswatchedthebutterfliesandidlywonderedifhecouldcapturetheminflight.Itswiftlybecomeanobsessionasherecoveredfromasuccessfuloperationtoremovethecancer.Inrecentsummers,hehastravelledthelengthandbreadthofBritaintophotographall58nativespeciesofbutterfly.Nowthefruitsofthosesummershaveseenpublishedinabeautifulnewbook.[H]Abutterflytakesoffsoquicklyitisstillimpossibletoreactquicklyenoughtocapturethattake-offbutifhehalf-pressestheshutter,thecamerasavesthe70previousframesbeforethemomentheactuallytakesthepicture."It'stimetravel,soIdon'tmissthemomentoftake-off,"hesays.Afterhe'scapturedthebutterflytakingoff,helayers10to15framestogetherinPhotoshop.PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Innovationandresearchhavereliedonpublicparticipationinscienceforcenturies.ItwasamusicianwhodiscoveredtheplanetUranusinthe18thcenturybymakinghisowntelescopewithmirrorscomposedofcopperandtin.(46)Recentdecadeshaveseenmoreengagementinthesubjectcanonlybedonethroughinstitutionssuchasauniversity.Citizenscienceprovidesanopportunityforgreaterpublicengagementandthedemocratizationofscience.Intheinformationera,largedatasets,smallteamsandfinancialrestrictionshaveslowedscientificprocess.(47)Butbyutilizingthenaturalcuriosityofthegeneralpublicitispossibletoovercomemanyofthesechallengesbyengagingnon-scientistsdirectlyintheresearchprocess.Anyonecanbeacitizenscientist,regardlessofage,nationalityoracademicexperience.Youdon'tevenneedanyformaltraining,justaninquisitivemindandtheenthusiasmtojoinoneofthethousandsofcitizenscienceprojectstogeneratenewknowledgeandthemeanstounderstandagenuinescientificoutcome.(48)Scientistshaveemployedavarietyofwaystoengagethegeneralpublicintheirresearch,suchasmakingdataanalysisintoanonlinegameorsamplecollectionintoasmartphoneapplication.They'veimploredcitizenstohelpwithbugcountingandcategorizingcancercells,andevenidentifyingdistantgalaxies.Thisformofaccessiblesciencemeansthatgreatmindsareabletojointheracetocreateanddevelopprojectswiththepotentialtochangetheworld.Acitizenscience-basedapproachcanextendthefieldofvisionandincludedifferentideasanddifferentbrainstoproblem-solveandcreate,makinginnovationfasterandmoreeffectiveheriseofcitizensciencehasgrownalongsidetheriseofdo-it-yourselfbiologylaboratoriesaroundtheworld.(49)Thesegroupsofpeoplearepartofarapidlyexpandingbiotechnologicalsocialmovementofcitizenscientistsandprofessionalscientistsseekingtotakediscoveryoutofinstitutionsandputitintothehandsofanyonewiththeenthusiasm.Therearearound40officialdo-it-yourselfbiologycentersacrosstheglobeinlocationsincludingParis,London,Sydney,andTelAviv.(50)Theypoolresources,collaborate,thinkoutsidethebox,andfindsolutionsandwaysaroundobstaclestoexplorescienceforthesakeofsciencewithoutthetraditionalboundariesofworkinginsideaformalsetting.SoisittimetotakethePetridishoutofthelaboratoryandintothegarage?SectionIIIWritingPartA51.Directions:ReadthefollowingemailfromyourclassmatePaulandwritehimareply.DearLiMing,DearLiMing,Iwasreallyexcitedtohearthatyou'dinvitesomeyoungcraftsmentodemonstratetheirinnovativecraft-makingoncampus.MayIknowmoreaboutwhatthey'Ilshow?Also,I'dliketohelpwithyourpresentationwork.PleaseletmeknowwhatIcando.Yours,PaulWriteyouranswerinabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyourownnameintheemail;use"LiMing"instead.(10points)PartB52.Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressayyoushould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)今年来全国居民平均每百户年末主要耐用消费品拥有量答案解析1.【答案】BSectionIUseofEnglish【解析】考查词义辨析及上下文逻辑关系。空格所在句提到“ThisareaoftheAegeanSeaistoearthquakesandtsunamis”，根据常识和地理知识，爱琴海地区确实容易发生地震和海啸。选项A“relevant”意为“相关的”，不符合语境；选项B“prone”意为“易于……的，有……倾向的”，用在这里表示“这个地区容易发生地震和海啸”，符合语境；选项C“available”意为“可获得的”，与地震和海啸的发生无直接关联；选项D“alien”意为“外国的，相异的”，同样不符合语境。因此，正确答案为B。2.【答案】C【解析】考查副词辨析及上下文逻辑关系。空格所在句提到“whichcausedthecitytosink”，根据后文“TheslowsealevelriseinMediterraneanthiscityaround3000yearsago”可知，地中海海平面的缓慢上升导致了这座城市的沉没。因此，空格处应填入一个表示“逐渐”的副词。选项A“accidentally”意为“偶然地”，不符合语境；选项B“frequently”意为“频繁地”，虽然可以表示多次发生，但不符合“逐渐沉没”的意思；选项C“gradually”意为“逐渐地”，符合语境；选项D“temporarily”意为“暂时地”，与后文的“3000年前”时间跨度不符。因此，正确答案为C。3.【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析及上下文逻辑关系。空格所在句提到“TheslowsealevelriseinMediterraneanthiscityaround3000yearsago”，根据常识和语境,海平面的上升会导致城市被淹没。选项A“disguised”意为“伪装”，不符合语境；选项B“submerged”意为“淹没”，符合语境；选项C“relocated”意为“迁移”，与沉没的意思不符；选项D“isolated”意为“隔离”，同样不符合语境。因此，正确答案为B。4.【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析及上下文逻辑关系。空格所在句提到“Formillennia,thecity'slayunseenbelowsome13feetofwater"，根据后文“Inrecentdecades,shiftingandclimatechangehaveerodedanaturalbarrier”以及“In1967ascientificsurveyofthePeloponnesiancoastwasdatatoanalyzechangesinsealevels”可知，这座城市的遗迹（remains）被水淹没，后来因为洋流和气候变化的影响，自然屏障被侵蚀，才使得科学家们有机会进行考古调查。选项A“legends”意为“传说”，不符合语境；选项B“programs”意为“节目，计划”，与考古无关；选项C“remains”意为“遗迹”，符合语境；选项D“surroundings”意为“周围环境”，虽然与考古地点相关，但不如“遗迹”直接。因此，正确答案为C。5.【答案】B【解析】考查介词辨析及上下文逻辑关系。空格所在句提到“Theywerec