（2025）全国高考一卷英语真题

2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试真题英语（全国Ⅰ卷）真题及答案注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡15B.￡9.18C.￡9.15答案是C。1.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Unpackhissuitcase.B.Boardaflight.C.Filloutaform2.WhatdoesSarahplantodoaftergraduation?A.Dovolunteerwork.B.PursueahigherdegreeC.Runthefamilybusiness3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Buyingacar.B.Movinghouse.C.Fixingthewindow.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheskiarea?A.It'sabitcrowded.B.Ithaspoorsnow.C.It'stoofaraway.5.Wherearethespeakersheading?A.TheArtCentre.B.TheGrandTheatre.C.TheStoneBridge第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatdidthewomando?A.ShewentoverthespeedlimitB.Sheparkedinaschoolzone.C.Shedrovethrougharedlight.7.WhattimedoesschoolfinishonWednesdays?A.At2:00p.m.B.At2:30p.m.C.At3:30p.m.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowworkers.B.Formerschoolmates.C.Familyrelatives9.WhowillGracehavedinnerwith?A.Fiona.B.Jennifer.C.David.10.WhatisKevingoingtodonext?A.BuyadrinkB.PlaybasketballC.Greetafriend听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutnewsprograms?A.TheyarereplacedbydocumentariesB.Theyhavebeenreducedinnumber.C.Theyfocusonthelifeofcelebrities12.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardrealityshows?A.Favorable.B.Critical.C.Uncertain.13.WhatdoesthewomanexpectTVprogramstobe?A.Educational.B.Diverse.C.Entertaining听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhoisCathy?A.Aschoolteacher.B.AradiohostC.Agovernmentofficial.15.Whatcanthevisitingadultsdointheschool?A.Givespeeches.B.ObserveclassesC.Organizeactivities16.Howcanthestudentsbenefitfromtheschoolprogram?A.Earnextracredits.B.FindjobopportunitiesC.Leamaboutadult'slife17.Whatisthegoaloftheschoolprogram?A.Toimprovestudent-teacherrelationship.B.Topromotetheideaofwork-lifebalance.C.Toenhanceschool-communityinteraction.听第10段材料，回答第18至0题。18.Whereisthespeaker'scitylocated?A.Bythelake.B.Onthecoast.C.IntheValley.19.Whatdothenumbersonthesignsstandfor?A.Thedurationofflooding.B.TheriseinairtemperatureC.Theheightabovesealevel.20.Whatdoesthesuccessoftheprojectindicate?A.Artcanmakeadifference.B.Thehomeownersarecreative.C.Climatechangeiscontrollable第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题25分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobilesMovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO2emissions(排放).Astheworldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblemswithtransportation-whichaccountsforaboutaquarterofourenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here'sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodesoftransport.Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalsolightweightandsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled,butherearesomeofthesolutionstogetusgoinggreen.Thisenergytransition(变革)isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergytheworldwillneedis"alittlebitmind-blowing,"saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipkeattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.It'sestimatedthattheglobaldemandforelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthatrenewablesareuptothetask,"Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwillallgetused,"saysWipke.21.Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018?A.11.6%B.45.1%C.74.5%D.86.1%.22.Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?A.Planes.B.Trucks.C.Trains.D.Ships.23.WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition?A.Limitingfuelconsumption.C.Improvingenergyefficiency.B.Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.D.Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.BInmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA's,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who'dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:"Whyiswritingimportant?"Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself,Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn'tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.IwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunicationHowever,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting'smostpowerfulsignificance-theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother'sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.24.Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?A.Ninthgraders.B.Students'parents.C.Modernwriters.D.Fictionalcharacters.25.Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay?A.Theywerenotgivenenoughtime.B.Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.C.Theymisunderstoodthequestion.D.Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"staggering"inparagraph3mean?A.Mixed.B.Amazing.C.Similar.D.Disturbing.27.Whatdoestheauthor'sexperienceshow?A.Teachingislearning.B.Stillwatersrundeep.C.Knowledgeispower.D.Practicemakesperfect.CWhilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere'stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBrömmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.IntheirnewbookMovement：HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinOurLives.Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback,Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampion"NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough."SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan'tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveitright:it'stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.28.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?A.CarsoftengetstuckontheroadB.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.29.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?A.KeeptheircitieslivableB.Promoteculturaldiversity.C.Helptheneedyfamilies.D.Makeexpresswaysaccessible.30.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970s?A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B.Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.C.Theywongovernmentsupport.D.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhytheRush?B.What'sNext?C.WheretoStay?D.WhotoBlame?DMicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth-theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.Now,newresearchsuggeststhatasimple,cheapmeasuremaysignificantlyreducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap(水龙头):boilingandfiltering(过滤)it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&TechnologyLetters,researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes-thenfilteringitafteritcools-couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics.Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent,Additionally,theresearchdidn'tincludealltypesofplastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes-polystyrene,polyethyleneandpolypropylene-andtheydidn'tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinwatersuchasvinylchloride.Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure-ataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare-butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldbeatooltolimitintake."Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughboilingprocesswasnice,"CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineer,theUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist."Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics."32.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?A.Byquotinganexpert.B.Bydefiningaconcept.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byprovidingstatistics.33.Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?A.Thehardnessofwater.B.Thelengthofcoolingtime.C.Thefrequencyoffiltering.D.Thetypeofplasticinwater.34.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4?A.Theimportanceofplasticrecycling.B.Theseverityofthemicroplasticproblem.C.Thedangerinoverusingpurewater.D.Thedifficultyintreatingpollutedwater.35.WhatisGauchotte-Lindsay'ssuggestionabout?A.Choiceofnewresearchmethods.B.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.C.Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers.D.Potentialapplicationofthefindings.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AnUnsungHeroNeedabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.36CatherineMurphy,acafeworkerinagreenshirtandblackhat,makessurethateachcustomergetsexactlywhattheyorder.Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.37,Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,"Hello,howisyourday?"Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn'tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime.38.'IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.Iknowtheyneeditinthemorning,"Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelpedherbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious(有感染力)andcanbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavingbeforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek.39."Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,"Wrightsaid."Ienjoyworkinginthecafe,"Murphysaid.40.Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfour.C.SometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearlyD.Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.G.Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan'timagineworkinganywhereelse.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OneAugustafternoon,Isatinmykitchenstaringataglassvasethathadn'tseendaylightsincemywedding.MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouseandwewerebusy41thebelovedhomeourfamilyhadspent23yearsfillingup.Wehaddecidedonkeyitemsforthe42weweremovingtointown,donatedwhatwecould,andrentedaplaceto43oursupposedlyimportantobjects.Thatleftahousestill44withthingsthat,whilenotparticularly45,didn'tbelonginalandfill(垃圾填埋场)Itookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline,forS10.Acoupleofmessagescamein,onewantingadditional46,anotheraskingforapricecut.Asour47daydrewnear,Isettledonanewprice(SO0)andrepostedit,The48："Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon't."Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseandlefthappilywiththevase49,Ipostedmore.Mydailypostsandthe50Ireceivedbecameapreciousrayoflightinthechaosofmyhouse.Eachexchangeprovidedachanceto51thelandfillandtopleaseanotherpersonImightnototherwisehave52Isitinmyapartmenttoday,lovingeachofthe53thatshareoursmallspace.Itake54inknowingthat,somewherenearby,someoneis55somethingthatcouldn'tcomewithus.41.A.paintingoverB.lookingaroundC.emptyinD.pullingdown42.A.hotel B.office C.cottage D.apartment43.A.store B.display C.sell D.repair44.A.covered B.decorated C.stuffed D.equipped45.A.conventional B.valuable. C.complicated D.tolerable46.A.fees B.photos C.receipts D.models47.A.move B.pay C.market D.work48.A.warning B.request. C.description D.reply49.A.Confused B.Interested C.Disappointed D.Encouraged50.A.visits B.reports C.advice. D.money51.A.remove. B.spare C.Find. D.check52.A.investigated B.recognized. C.encountered. D.recommended53.A.giveaways B.posts C.contributions D.belongings54.A.joy B.part C.care D.time55.A.anticipating B.appreciating C.delivering D.withdrawing第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweigiinChinese,56originatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.Goisoneof57earliestbinary-based(基于二元的)games.ThemovementsoftheblackandwhitepiecesreflectthebasicideasofEasternphilosophyaccordingtoTuNingning.whoisinchargeoftheexhibition."TheexhibitionbringstogetherGoculture,cutting-edgetechnologyandcontemporaryart,"saysTu."Wehope58(present)theratherabstractGogameandAIinavisualcontext,andinitiatedialogueswithminimalistart,conceptualartandexpressionism.""InaGogame,eachmoveshouldservealong-termgoal.Youtrytoleadtheopponentintoyourtrapandforcethemtofollowyour'59(guide)'tilltheylose,"explainsWangWei,aGoplayeramongthevisitorstotheexhibition."Theplayers'personalities60(reveal)duringthegame,andone'sweaknessesareexposedtotheopponent,"sheadds."Adecentwinneralways61(try)tobeattheopponent62nomorethanoneortwopointsasagesture(姿态)ofrespectfortheotherside."Tusaysthatthebalancebetweentheblackandwhitepieces,thebeautyinthe63(strategy)placementofthepieces,64theenergyflowfollowingeachmoveinspiredartiststocreateoilpaintings,sculptures65(digital)generatedpicturesandsilk-screenprintsfortheexhibition.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你班的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教Jenny提出“Funatmyschool”²和“GuesswhoIam”两个选项供大家选择。请给Jenny写一封邮件，内容包括：（1）你的选择；（2）说明理由。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJenny,IreallyliketheideaofaddinganewcolumntoourEnglishnewspaper.Yours’LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MywifeandIwantedtoshareournewhomewithfamilyandfriendsbyhostingasmallgatheringintheearlysummer.Shehadpreparedlotsofsnacks,whilemyjobwastohavethebackyardinorder.Therewasplentyofspaceforthekidstorunandplay.TherewasjustonethingIhadn'tcountedon:MybrotherchosetobringhisdogToby,a50-poundballoffire.Thoughfriendly,hecouldeasilyknockovermyniece'ssmallboysandmysix-month-oldgranddaughter.So,whenmybrothershowedup,IaskedhimtowatchTobyandkeephimoutside.Myplanwasworkingoutjustfine.Tobywasusinguphisenergybyrunningbackandforthinthebackyardandgivingthekidsplentyofroom.Unexpectedly,aftersupper,theweatherchanged,Itstartedtorainandeveryonewentindoors.Itwasanawkwardmoment.Ididn'twantTobytoberunningaroundinthehouse,andmybrotherwasn'thappywithdrivinghomewithawetdog.Eventually,mybrotherdecidedtoleaveratherthanforcetheissue.Afewdayspassed,andIhadn'theardanythingfrommybrother.Itextedhimandexpressedwishesforhimtocomeoutagain,Hisreplycameasasurprise-ashock,actually:"Notachance."Clearly,hewasunhappyoverthewaywehadparted.Afterall,Ihadlefthimlittlechoice.Well,he'llgetoverit,Ireasoned.Twomonthspassed.MywifesuggestedIgetintouchwithmybrother,butIresisted,thinkingheshouldcallfirst,However,myconscience(良心)keptbotheringme.Itriedtoputmyselfinmybrother'sshoes.Hewasfacinghealthissuesandhiswifeofthirty-fiveyearshadpassedawayafewmonthsearlier.Tobywashisconstantcompanion,theonewhokepthimgoing.Irealizeditwasmewhowasatfault.Withthebiscuitsmywifehadmade,Iarrivedatmybrother'sdoor.答案解析1.【答案】C【解析】女士让男士在表格上填写信息（putdownyourinformationinthisform），男士回应“Okay”，所以接下来男士会填写表格（Filloutaform），选C。2.【答案】A【解析】Sarah说父母希望她毕业后读硕士，但她想做一年社工志愿者（volunteeringasasocialworkerforayear），所以她计划毕业后做志愿工作，选A。3.【答案】B【解析】女士说“Wereallyneedtomove”（我们真的需要搬家），还讨论搬到郊区，可知在谈论搬家（Movinghouse），选B。4.【答案】A【解析】女士说“Itwouldbebetteriftherewerefewerpeople.”（如果人少点就更好了），说明觉得滑雪区有点拥挤（abitcrowded），选A。5.【答案】B【解析】女士说走过石桥右转到艺术中心，大剧院（TheGrandTheatre）在两个街区外，男士说快到了不会迟到，可知他们前往大剧院，选B。6.【答案】A【解析】男士说学校区域限速15英里/小时，女士开到35，即超速（wentoverthespeedlimit），选A。7.【答案】A【解析】周三放学时间：正常3:30，周三提前1个半小时，即2:00，选A。8.【答案】B【解析】对话中提到David是二班的，是学校篮球队队长，毕业后没见过，说明说话者是前校友（Formerschoolmates），选B。9．【答案】C【解析】Grace说要和David及其他朋友吃晚餐，所以选C。10.【答案】C【解析】Kevin说要去打个招呼（sayaquickhello），即问候朋友，选C。11.【答案】B【解析】女士说“They'vecutdownonthenumberofnewsprograms”（新闻节目数量被削减了），所以选B。12．【答案】A【解析】男士说“theyoftenmakemelaugh.Peoplewanttowatchthatkindofthing.It'sgood”（真人秀常让他发笑，人们想看，挺好的），态度是支持的（Favorable），选A。13．【答案】A【解析】女士问“Shouldwebegivingpeoplewhattheywanttowatch?Orshouldwebe,youknow,tryingtoeducatethem?”（是给人们想看的，还是应努力教育他们），结合她对现状不满，可知期望电视节目有教育意义（Educational），选A。14.【答案】B【解析】开头说“WelcometoEducationUpdate.ThisisKathy.”，可知Kathy是广播主持人（Aradiohost），选B。15．【答案】B【解析】男士说“adultsfromtheneighborhoodsitinclasswiththestudentsandseewhat'sgoingonintheschool”（社区成年人到教室看学校情况），即观察课程（Observeclasses），选B。16．【答案】C【解析】女士说“Thishelpsthembetterunderstandthelivesoftheirparentsandknowmoreabouttheirneighborhood.”，可知学生能了解成年人生活（Learnaboutadult'slife），选C。17．【答案】C【解析】男士说学校是学生生活一部分，也是社区一部分，服务项目目的是加强学校与社区互动（Toenhanceschool-communityinteraction），选C。18.【答案】B【解析】文中提到“ThecityIliveinisveryflatandclosetothewaterline.Andrisingsealevelsarealreadycreatingfloods.”，说明城市靠近海岸（Onthecoast），选B。19．【答案】C【解析】文中说“Eachnumbershowedhowhighsomeone'shousewasabovesealevel.”，数字代表海拔高度（Theheightabovesealevel），选C。20．【答案】A【解析】开头说用艺术传播气候变化信息，项目有实际效果，说明艺术能产生影响（Artcanmakeadifference），选A。21.【答案】C【解析】理解具体信息，本题问2018年道路交通的碳排放量在全球交通运输所产生的碳排放中的占比，根据第一章图中车辆（ROADVEHICLES包含ROAD(PASSANGER)45.1%和ROAD(GOODS)29.4%）2018年运输排放占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，故选C。22.【答案】C【解析】理解具体信息。本题问哪种交通运输方式能够相对容易地实现绿色转型。根据文章框图中TRAINS-Electricity部分的内容可知，一些火车已经通过铁轨或电线实现了电气化，其他的火车也可以用非常简单的方法实现电气化，所以火车实现绿色转型相对容易。故选C项。23.【答案】B【解析】理解具体信息。本题问维普克有关能源转型的建议。根据最后一段最后一句中维普克说的话“Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwillallgetused”可知，维普克认为要加快发展绿色能源，在可再生能源（绿色能源）发展方面投入更多的精力。故选B项。24.【答案】A【解析】题干意思是“第一段开头提到的人是谁”。根据文章第一段第一句可知，这些人是作者九年级的学生。结合选项，A选项的意思是九年级的学生；B选项的意思是学生的父母；C选项的意思是现代作家；D选项的意思是节日人物，可知本题正确答案为A。25.【答案】D【解析】题干意思是“为什么学生在写第一篇论文时表现不佳”。根据文章第二段第四句可知，学生们对写作并不感兴趣。结合选项，A选项的意思是他们没有足够的时间；B选项的意思是他们的词汇量非常有限；C选项的意思是他们误解了这个问题；D选项的意思是他们对这个话题不感兴趣，可知本题正确答案为D26.【答案】B【解析】题干意思是“第三段中划线的单词“stagseeing”是什么意思”。根据文章第三段最后一句可知，学生这次的写作效果是惊人的。结合选项，A选项的意思是愚蠢的；B选项的意思是惊人的；C选项的意思是相似的；D选项的意思是令人沮丧的，可知本题正确答案为B。27.【答案】A【解析】题干意思是“作者的经历说明了什么”。根据文章最后一段最后一句可知，作者的经历说明了教学就是学习。结合选项，A选项的意思是教学就是学习；B选项的意思是静水流深；C选项的意思是知识就是力量；D选项的意思是熟能生巧，可知本题正确答案为A。28.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经进行了安全改进，但交通方式也显示出行人，尤其是儿童的机动性下降。故选C项。29.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampion，NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”可知,简•雅各布斯(JaneJacobs)在其市长的领导下，发起了一场阻止当地公园被高速公路替代的运动，她认为纽约应该是一个适宜居住的好地方，而不仅仅是一个匆匆穿过的城市。由此可推知，他们努力让城市适宜居住。故选A项。30.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，尽管这些运动是广泛的，但现实情况是，大多数西方城市都是围绕汽车的需要而重新设计的。由此可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的运动基本上没有效果。故选B项。31.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“IntheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLivestheycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.”可知，在他们的新书《运动：如何夺回我们的街道并改变我们的生活》中，他们呼吁重新思考我们的街道及其在我们生活中的作用。由此可知,A项WhytheRush?（为什么匆忙？）适合作本文的标题。故选A项。32．【答案】C【解析】本题考查作者呈现问题的方式。第一段提到“微塑料已存在于深海、喜马拉雅山脉、火山岩、海鸟胃部、甚至南极新鲜雪中，甚至出现在人体内”，列举了微塑料污染的多个具体地点，这是典型的举例论证方法。A项“引用专家的话”在第一段未体现，第一段未出现专家言论；B项“定义概念”错误，第一段并未对“微塑料”或“污染”进行定义，而是直接描述其存在范围；C项“通过举例”符合原文内容，列举多个地点说明污染广泛。故答案为C。33．【答案】A【解析】本题考查决定微塑料捕获效果的因素。根据第三段可知，水中碳酸钙含量（即水的硬度）是关键因素,碳酸钙含量越高，去除效果越好。A项“水的硬度”正确，因为水的硬度由碳酸钙含量决定，与去除效果直接相关；B项“冷却时间长短”未提及，原文只说“boilingforjustfiveminutes”和“afteritcools”，未说明冷却时间影响效果；C项“过滤频率”未提及，原文未讨论过滤次数与效果的关系；D项“水中塑料的类型”错误，第三段提到研究只聚焦三种常见类型，但未说明塑料类型影响去除效果。故答案为A。34．【答案】B【解析】本题考查作者提及瓶装水的目的。第四段开头指出“Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure-ataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydifficult.”，随后提到"Evenbottledwater...contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.”，通过瓶装水微塑料含量远超预期的例子，进一步说明减少微塑料暴露的难度，即微塑料污染问题的严重性。A项“塑料回收的重要性”未提及，原文未讨论回收；B项“微塑料问题的严重性”正确，瓶装水的例子佐证了问题的严峻；C项“过度使用纯水的危险”错误，原文未提及“纯水”或“过度使用”的危险；D项“处理污染水的困难”是前文“ataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydifficult”的内容，瓶装水例子是为了说明问题本身严重，而非处理困难。故答案为B。35．【答案】D【解析】本题考查专家建议的内容。根据最后一段Gauchotte-Lindsay的话“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”可知，她建议升级饮用水处理厂以去除微塑料，这是对研究结果（煮沸过滤可减少微塑料）的实际应用建议。A项“新研究方法的选择”错误，专家未提及研究方法；B项“进一步研究的可能方向”错误，专家建议的是实践应用，而非研究方向；C项“需要更多研究者参与”未提及，原文未讨论研究者数量；D项“研究结果的潜在应用”正确，升级饮用水处理厂是将研究结果应用于实际处理过程。故答案为D。36.【答案】E【解析】本题考查段落衔接。上文提到学院咖啡馆“能满足需求，而且还有更多”，这里的“andmore”暗示咖啡馆除了提供基本的饮品外，还有其他服务。选项E“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑服务”具体解释了“more”所指代的内容，即微笑服务，与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。其他选项中，A项讲咖啡馆关门时间，与上文“更多服务”无关；B项讲Murphy的孩子，未提及；C项讲早到服务，是具体行为，不适合此处总起；D项讲完成订单喊名字，是细节动作；F项讲Joanna去咖啡馆的原因，与上文无关；G项讲Murphy的工作年限，也不符合。故答案为E。37．【答案】D【解析】本题考查过渡句。上文描述Murphy制作饮品的动作，下文描述顾客拿饮品时她与顾客的互动。选项D“完成一份订单后，她会大声喊出杯子上的名字”承接上文“制作饮品”的过程，说明制作完成后会做什么，同时“喊出名字”这一动作自然引出下文顾客“从她手中接过饮品”的场景，起到承上启下的作用。A项讲关门时间，与制作饮品和顾客互动无关；B项讲孩子，不相关；C项讲早到，是时间安排，与动作衔接无关；E项是总起句，已用过；F项讲Joanna，不相关；G项讲工作年限，不符合。故答案为D。38．【答案】C【解析】本题考查细节句。上文提到Murphy“早起开车准时上班”，选项C“有时她会很早到，以便早点为学生提供服务”是对“准时上班”的具体补充，说明她不仅准时，有时还会提前到岗，下文“我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生做咖啡”中的“这样做”正是指“早到为学生服务”，上下文逻辑连贯。A项讲关门时间，无关；B项讲孩子，无关；D项讲喊名字，是制作饮品后的动作，与早到无关;E项已用过；F项讲Joanna，无关；G项讲工作年限，未体现“早到”这一具体行为。故答案为C。39．【答案】F【解析】本题考查过渡句。上文提到Joanna“每周至少去咖啡馆六天”，选项F“去咖啡馆能让她开启美好的一天，为上课做好准备”解释了Joanna频繁去咖啡馆的原因——去咖啡馆能带来积极影响，下文“Catherine的笑容让她心情愉快”进一步说明咖啡馆带来的好处，上下文构成因果关系，逻辑通顺。A项讲关门时间，无关；B项讲孩子，无关；C项讲Murphy早到，与Joanna无关；D项讲喊名字，无关；E项已用过；G项讲Murphy工作年限，无关。故答案为F。40．【答案】G【解析】本题考查细节句。上文提到Murphy“喜欢在咖啡馆工作”，选项G“她在这里工作了17年，无法想象在其他地方工作”通过“17年的工作年限”和“无法想象在其他地方工作”具体说明了她对这份工作的热爱和执着，下文“打算留下来继续做热爱的事”是对G项内容的进一步延伸，上下文逻辑一致。A项讲关门时间，无关；B项讲孩子，无关；C项讲早到，是具体行为，未体现对工作的热爱程度；D项讲喊名字，无关；E项已用过；F项讲Joanna，无关。故答案为G。41.【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。根据上文的'soldourhouse'和下文的'fillingup'形成动作对比，需选择与填满相反的清空动