高二英语下学期

WordsUnit12factandfantasy1/221.Instead“相反;代替”

insteadof+名词/代词/动名词“代替,而不”e.g.Insteadofchildren’splayandadventure,Iwasdrivenbyadesiretolearn.假如你不能去，让他替你去。Ifyoucan’tgo.Lethimgoinstead在我童年，我有着强烈学习欲望，而对儿童游戏及探险却不感兴趣。2/223.Applyvt.应用；利用vi.适用

（与

to

连用）申请，请求（与

for连用）e.g.Youcan’tapplythisruletoeverycase.IappliedforajobasanEnglishteacher.

*applyoneselfto…

专心致力于……,专心从事applied:adj.应用；实用

e.g.appliedphysics/chemistry/应用物理／应用化学2.Makealiving/makeone’sliving谋生惯用短语earnone’slivinggainone’slivinggetone’sliving3/224.Heusedthelatestideasandtechnicalinventionsofhisdayinhisbook.

latestadj.最新；最近

latteradj.后半，后者，末尾

lateradv.以后；以后adj.较晚；

latelyadv.最近；最近e.gthe_____news/fashionsHaveyouseenhim________?Wearrivedtherethreedays________.Ofthetwomentheformerisdead,butthe________isstillalive.

latestlatelylaterlatter4/225.ofone’sday在……时代e.gTheyaretalkingabouttheproblemsofhisday.

他们正在谈论他所处时代那些问题Doyouknowaboutthegreatscientistsofhisday?

你知道他所处那个年代中那些伟在科学家吗？Ingrandmother'sday,skirtswerelong

在祖母那个时代，裙子都很长.5/226.take…a/onestepfurther把…推深入Criticswantthegovernmenttotakethisonestepfurtherandbanthefilmaltogether.(深入彻底禁止这部电影)7.laythefoundationof奠定了…基础Hawkinglaidthefoundationofthescienceofcosmology(宇宙学).lay/providea/thefoundationfor为…奠定基础

Thesequalitieslaidagoodfoundationforourcareerinindustrialengineering(工业管理工程).6/22setaboutdoingsetoffsetout8.setout1.setouttodo着手;开始;尝试;打算

2.setout(for)出发;启程setout

出发，开始setoff

出发，起程setabout开始，着手setup

创建，创办，张贴setaside留出；拨出（时间，金钱）

e.g.Theysetaboutpreparingthebikethreehoursago.ThePLAsoldierssetoutearlyinthemorning.+todo开始，着手7/229.collision1.碰撞2.（利益/意见）冲突Hiscarhadacollisionwithatruck.Wehavenoprinciplecollision.Theworkerscameintocollisionwiththemanager.collidev.与…冲突，碰撞Thetwoplanescollidedwitheachotherinmidair.ThepresidentcollidedwiththeCongressoverhisbudgetplans.8/2210.overboard：

adv向船外；落水

Hefelloverboard.

他从船上掉入水中。

Theywerethrownoverboardwhentheywereonthesea.

他们出海时船翻了。

aboard:adv,prep在船（或飞机、火车、公共汽车）上（里）(=onboard)

e.g.Theplanecrashed,killingall200people

aboard/onboard.

We

gotaboard/onboard

thoughtheboatwascrowded.9/22注意abroadroad 宽敞马路abroadoutlook开放观念10/2211.TheyaretakenonboardandCaptainNemodecidesnot

tokillthembutmakethemhispermanentguests.Not…but…”不是……而是……“，句子谓语动词要采取就近一致标准.e.g.HecanspeaknotChinesebutJapanese.

NotIbutheisfondoffootball..permanentadj.永久；固定

Permanentpeace长久和平Apermanentjob固定职业e.g.Thedrugmaycausepermanentbraindamage.11/2212.Fromthatdayon从那天起

From+时间+on表示“从……时候起”，可与现在,过去，未来时态连用。Fromthenon,sheknewshewouldwin.12/2213.Dressed

indivingsuits,CaptainNemoandhisguestswalkaroundinthismagicworld…Dressedin…过去分词短语做状语，它与句子主语they存在被动关系。e.g.

Inspiredbywhathesaid,wedeterminedtostudyharder.比较：现在分词短语做状语时，该分词所表示动作是主句主语所发出，既它与主语存在着主动关系。e.g.Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawmyheadteachertalkingsomeone.13/22_____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.HavingdressedA解析：dress用于dresssb.或bedressedin或用做不及物动词，故此处只能用dress过去分词形式，组成短语在句中做状语。14/2214..独立主格结构:

当分词逻辑主语与句子主语不一致2.分词能够带自己逻辑主语，放在分词之前，通常为名词普通格或代词主格，3.这种结构在句子中主要作状语，表示时间、原因、伴随情况、方式或条件等。如：e.g.…,allwavingandmovingslowlyinthebluewaters.15/22Wedoubledourefforts,eachmanworkingliketwo.Everywhereyouseepeopleintheirholidaysdresses,theirfacesshiningwithsmiles.Weatherpermitting,theshipwillsetoutfortheislandatdawn.Istoodstill,mywholeattentionfixeduponthemotionsofherfingers.16/2215.throwlightupon/on=make…clear

说明；帮助把……搞清楚e.g.Themodernscientificdevelopmenthasthrownlightuponthisquestion.你能把这个问题阐述清楚吗?Canyouthrowlightonthisproblem?17/2216..brilliantadj.聪明;卓越,出色鲜明颜色

一位卓越演说家一位有才华艺术家

abrilliantspeakerabrilliantcolorabrilliantartist18/2217.phenomenon

n.factoroccurrenceinnatureorsociety

现象

彩虹是一个自然现象。

Arainbowisanaturalphenomenon.

世界上有很多自然现象。

Therearemanynaturalphenomena

intheworld.Whatdoyouthinkofthephenomenon?remarkableperson,thingorevent出色人才/物

Beethovenwasaphenomenonamongmusicians.

19/2218.Hesitate犹豫Hesit