美国的枪支文化-American-gun-culture

TheguncultureintheU.S.A1☮AmericanGunCulture☮

IntheUnitedStates,

therightofprivategunsareprotectedbytheConstitution（宪法）.Althoughdifferentstateshavedifferentrequirementandlimitationforthegun-keepers,almosteveryresidentsinUScanlegallybuyandkeepagun.Uptonow,Americaisstillthefirstandtheonlycountrywherecitizensareallowedtohaveguns.However,frequentshootingsinrecentyearshavequestionedtherationalityofthegunlawsintheUnitedStates.Today,wearegoingtotalkabouttheguncultureintheUnitedStatesandtheproblemscausedbyit.

2ThesecondamendmenttotheconstitutionofUSA3TheOriginofUSGunCulture

GunshadbeenaveryimportantcultureinNorthAmericabacktothecolonialtime.ItwasgunsthatallowedEuropeancoloniststobuilduptheircoloniesintheAmericas.ThefollowingRevolutionaryWarevenpromotedAmericans’admirationtowardguns.BeforetheestablishmentoftheUnitedStates,eachcolonywouldorganizesomearmedgroupscalledmilitia(民兵)toprotectthemselves.ThesemilitiasstartedtheRevolutionaryWarinLexingtonandplayedanveryimportantroleinthefollowingbattles.Mostoftheirweaponswerepreparedbythemselves.Therefore,manyAmericanswouldthinkthatprivategunsledtothevictoryofRevolutionaryWar.4.5Somenumbers

Thereareanestimated（估计）

270milliongunsinthehandsofciviliansintheUnitedStates,makingAmericansthemostheavilyarmedpeopleintheworldpercapita（世界人均武装率）.Yemen,atribalnation(部落国家)withnohistoryofstrongcentralgovernmentortheruleoflaw,comesinadistantsecond.FromWashington,D.C.,tothewell-stockedshelvesofWalmartstoresnationwide,gunsareregardedintheUnitedStatesasacommonplace(平凡的)ifcontroversialconsumeritemformillionsoflaw-abidinghunters,collectorsandcitizensconcernedabouttheirsafety.Theyarealsointhehandsofthousandsofkillerstoo;aWashington-basedanti-gunlobbysaysthosegunsshootmorethan100,000peopleayear.In2010,thereweremorethan30,000deathscausedbyfirearmswhenthenumberofhomicides(杀人犯)，suicides（自杀事件）

andaccidentaldeathsaretallied.6Theshooting7National

Rifle

Association

The

NationalRifleAssociationofAmerica

(NRA)（美国步枪协会）

isanAmerican

nonprofitorganization

whichadvocatesfor

gunrights.

Foundedin1871,thegrouphasinformeditsmembersaboutfirearm-relatedbillssince1934,andithasdirectly

lobbied

forandagainstlegislation（立法）

since1975.

Itisalsotheoldestcontinuouslyoperating

civilrights

organizationintheUnitedStates.

Foundedtoadvancerifle

marksmanship（枪法）,themodernNRAcontinuestoteachfirearm（枪支）

competency（能力）

and

safety.Itinstructsciviliansandlawenforcement,youthsandadults,invariousprograms.Theorganizationalsopublishesseveralmagazinesandsponsorscompetitivemarksmanshipevents.Membershipsurpassed5millioninMay2013.8大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流可以互相讨论下，但要小声点910RepublicanPartyPlatformonGuns

TheSecondAmendment:OurRighttoKeepandBearArms

Weuphold（支持）

therightofindividualstokeepandbeararms（携带枪支）,anaturalinalienable（不可剥夺的）

rightthatpredates（在日期上早于）theConstitutionandissecuredbytheSecondAmendment.LawfulgunownershipenablesAmericanstoexercisetheirGod-givenrightofself-defenseforthesafetyoftheirhomes,theirlovedones,andtheircommunities.

11Wesalute（致敬）

theRepublicanCongressfordefendingtherighttokeepandbeararms.TheconfirmationtotheCourtofadditionalanti-gunjusticeswouldeviscerate（去除内脏）

theSecondAmendment’sfundamentalprotections.Already,localofficialsinthenation’scapitalandelsewherearedefyingtheCourt’sdecisionsupholding（维持）

anindividualrighttobeararmsasaffirmed（批准）

bytheSupremeCourt.12

Wesupportfirearmreciprocity（互惠）

legislationtorecognizetherightoflaw-abidingAmericanstocarryfirearmstoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamiliesinall50states.Wesupportconstitutionalcarrystatutes（法令，章程）

andsalutethestatesthathavepassedthem.Weopposeill-conceived（考虑不周的）lawsthatwouldrestrict（限制）ma