2025年高考试题全国一卷英语-试题

kngsPlaybasketballCGreetafriendDiverse.C．Entertaining.level.eeningofplanestrainsandautomobilesMovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO2emissions(排放).Astheworldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblemswithtransportation—whichaccountsforaboutaquarterofourenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here’sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodesoftransport.Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalsolightweightandsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled,butherearesomeofthesolutionstogetusgoinggreen.ESSynthetichydrocarbonsThehardestsectortodecarbonizeisaviation.OneongtermoptionforsustainablefuelforplanesRSBatteriesBatteriesarecientandelectriccarscanplugtoexistingsystemsandservicesNewistomakehydrocarbonsfromrecycledairlidstatebatterieswilltakeacarfartheronasinglecharge.SElectricitySometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.rogenfuelHydrogenfuelcellsarealighterchoicethanbatteriesfortrucksbutmakinggreenhydrogenisexpensive.idammoniaLiquidammoniaiseasytokeepandtransport,butitishardtoignite(点燃)andrequiresanengineredesign.Thisenergytransition(变革)isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergytheworldwillneedis“alittlebiticalengineerKeithWipkeattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratoryItsestimatedthattheglobaldemandforelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthatrenewablesareuptothespeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyanditwillallgetusedsaysWipkensdidroadvehiclesaccountforinilyeaffordableInmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputersbutwritinginandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.ginningofparagrapharactersirstessaygraphmeanturbingrundeepWhilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBrömmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.IntheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetoliveandnotjustrushthroughSimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveitightitstimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoorntoutinparagraphwtherulesignerstryingtodothelatesandsMicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.Now,newresearchsuggeststhatasimple,cheapmeasuremaysignificantlyreducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap(水龙头):boilingandfiltering(过滤)it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&echnologyLettersresearchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutesthenfilteringitafteritcools—couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics.Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totraptheplastics.Inthestudyboilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.Additionally,theresearchdidn’tincludealltypesofplastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes—polystyrene,polyethyleneandpolypropylene—andtheydidn’tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinwatersuchasvinylchloride.Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat’sbecomingincreasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare—butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldbeatooltolimitintake.“Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,”CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineeroftheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”aphonceptnwaterhelengthofcoolingtimefplasticinwaterottledwaterinparagraphblemectionforfurtherstudynofthefindingsnUnsungHeroNeedabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.CatherineMurphy,acafeworkerinagreenshirtandblackhat,makessurethateachcustomergetsexactlywhattheyorder.Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.37Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime.38“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.Iknowtheyneeditinthemorning,”Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelpedherbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious(有感染力)andcanbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavingbeforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek.39“Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.“Ienjoyworkinginthecafe,”Murphysaid.40Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.meonthecupinksitalsoservesupsmilesfgoodandgetsherreadyforclassmagineworkinganywhereelseOneAugustafternoonIsatinmykitchenstaringataglassvasethathadn’tseendaylightsincemywedding.MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouseandwewerebusy41thebelovedhomeourfamilyhadspent23yearsfillingup.Wehaddecidedonkeyitemsforthe42weweremovingtointown,donatedwhatwecould,andrentedaplaceto43oursupposedlyimportantobjects.Thatleftahousestill44withthingsthat,whilenotparticularly45,didn’tbelonginalandfill(垃圾填埋场).Itookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline,for$10.Acoupleofmessagescamein,onewantingadditional46,anotheraskingforapricecut.Asour47daydrewnear,Isettledonanewprice($0)andrepostedit.The:“Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon’t.”Inaninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseandlefthappilywiththevase. 49,Ipostedmore.Mydailypostsandthe50Ireceivedbecameapreciousrayoflightinthechaosofmyhouse.Eachexchangeprovidedachanceto51thelandfillandtopleaseanotherpersonImightnototherwisehave52.Isitinmyapartmenttoday,lovingeachofthe53thatshareoursmallspace.Itake54inknowingthat,somewherenearby,someoneis55somethingthatcouldn’tcomewithus.wnneycheckngAnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,56originatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.Goisoneof57earliestbinary-based(基于二元的)games.ThemovementsoftheblackandwhitepiecesreflectthebasicideasofEasternphilosophyaccordingtoTuNingningwhoisinchargeoftheexhibition.“TheexhibitionbringstogetherGoculture,cutting-edgetechnologyandcontemporaryart,”saysTu.“Wehope58(present)theratherabstractGogameandAIinavisualcontext,andinitiatedialogueswithminimalistart,conceptualartandexpressionism.”“InaGogame,eachmoveshouldservealong-termgoal.Youtrytoleadtheopponentintoyourtrapandforcethemtofollowyour‘59(guide)’tilltheylose,”explainsWangWei,aGoplayeramongthevisitorstotheexhibition.“Theplayers’personalities60(reveal)duringthegame,andone’sweaknessesareexposedtotheopponent,”sheadds.“Adecentwinneralways61(try)tobeattheopponent62nomorethanoneortwopointsasagesture(姿态)ofrespectfortheotherside.”Tusaysthatthebalancebetweentheblackandwhitepieces,thebeautyinthe63(strategy)placementofthepieces,64theenergyflowfollowingeachmoveinspiredartiststocreateoilpaintings,sculptures,65(digital)generatedpicturesandsilk-screenprintsfortheexhibition.，你班的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教Jenny提出“Funatmyschool”和“GuesswhoIam”两个选。earJennyIreallyliketheideaofaddinganewcolumntoourEnglishnewspaper.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________uaMywifeandIwantedtoshareournewhomewithfamilyandfriendsbyhostingasmallgatheringintheearlyrShehadpreparedlotsofsnackswhilemyjobwastohavethebackyardinorderTherewasplentyofspaceforthekidstorunandplay.TherewasjustonethingIhadn’tcountedon:MybrotherchosetobringhisdogToby,a50-poundballoffire.Thoughfriendly,hecouldeasilyknockovermyniece’ssmallboysandmysixmontholdgranddaughterSowhenmybrothershowedupIaskedhimtowatchTobyandkeephimoutside.Myplanwasworkingoutjustfine.Tobywasusinguphisenergybyrunningbackandforthinthebackyardandgivingthekidsplentyofroom.Unexpectedly,aftersupper,theweatherchanged.Itstartedtorainandeveryonewentindoors.Itwasanawkwardmoment.Ididn’twantTobytoberunningaroundinthe