资溪高三英语大觉山阅读冲刺押题卷

资溪高三英语大觉山阅读冲刺押题卷考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一部分阅读理解Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)isreshapingindustriesanddailylifeatanunprecedentedpace.Fromautonomousvehiclestosophisticateddataanalysis,AI'scapabilitiesseemlimitless.However,thistechnologicalsurgealsobringssignificantchallengesandethicalconsiderationsthatsocietymustaddressproactively.Oneofthemostpressingconcernsisthepotentialdisplacementofjobs.AsAIsystemsbecomemoreadeptattaskstraditionallyperformedbyhumans,industriesrangingfrommanufacturingtocustomerservicemayseesubstantialworkforcechanges.WhileAIcancreatenewjobcategories,thetransitionperiodcouldleadtounemploymentandrequirewidespreadreskillingefforts.Economistsdebatewhetherthelong-termeconomicbenefitswilloutweightheshort-termsocialcosts.Anothercriticalissueisdataprivacyandsecurity.AIsystemsrelyonvastamountsofdatatofunctioneffectively.Thisrelianceraisesquestionsabouthowpersonalinformationiscollected,stored,andused.Thereisagenuineriskofsurveillanceandmisuseofdata,potentiallyinfringingonindividualprivacyrights.StrikingabalancebetweenleveragingdataforAIinnovationandprotectingpersonalprivacyisessential.BiasinAIalgorithmsisathirdmajorconcern.AIsystemslearnfromthedatatheyaretrainedon,andifthisdatareflectsexistingsocietalbiases,theAIwillperpetuateandpotentiallyamplifythem.Thiscanleadtounfairoutcomesinareaslikehiring,loanapplications,andcriminaljustice.DevelopingunbiasedAIrequirescarefuldatasetcuration,transparentalgorithms,andongoingmonitoring.TheethicaldevelopmentofAIalsoinvolvesquestionsofresponsibilityandcontrol.WhoisaccountablewhenanAIsystemmakesanerrorwithsignificantconsequences?AsAIsystemsbecomemoreautonomous,definingclearlinesofresponsibilitybecomeschallenging.EnsuringthatAIsystemsarealignedwithhumanvaluesandcanbesafelycontrolledisacomplexbutnecessarytask.Overall,whileAIofferstremendouspotentialtoimprovethehumancondition,itsrapiddevelopmentnecessitatescarefulconsiderationofitssocietalimpact.Addressingjobdisplacement,dataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andethicalresponsibilityarecrucialstepstowardensuringthatAIbenefitssocietyasawhole.Thepathforwardrequirescollaborationbetweentechnologists,policymakers,andthepublictoshapeAIinawaythatisbothinnovativeandethicallysound.Questions:1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?a)TheeconomicbenefitsofAI.b)ThepotentialjobdisplacementcausedbyAI.c)TheethicalchallengesassociatedwithAIdevelopment.d)TheroleofdataintrainingAIsystems.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorconcernregardingtheuseofAIinhiring?a)AIsystemsaretooexpensivetoimplement.b)AIsystemsmaylearnfrombiaseddata,leadingtounfairoutcomes.c)AIsystemslacktheabilitytounderstandhumanemotions.d)AIsystemscannotmakedecisionsasquicklyashumans.3.Theword"unprecedented"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Commonplaceb)Causingconcernc)Unusualandunexpectedd)Slowlydeveloping4.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofworkduetoAI?a)AlljobswillbeeliminatedbyAI.b)AIwillcreatemorejobsthanitdisplaces.c)Theworkforcewillneedsignificantchangesandreskilling.d)Humanworkerswillbecomeobsoleteinallindustries.5.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeyrequirementfordevelopingunbiasedAI?a)Usingonlygovernmentdata.b)Employingadiverseteamofdevelopers.c)TrainingAIontransparentalgorithms.d)LimitingtheamountofdataAIsystemsuse.6.Thephrase"perpetuateandpotentiallyamplifythem"inthethirdparagraphisbestunderstoodas:a)Reduceandminimizethem.b)Maintainandpossiblyworsenthem.c)Eliminateandreplacethem.d)Understandandexplainthem.7.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?a)TopersuadereadersthatAIismoredangerousthanbeneficial.b)ToinformreadersaboutthepotentialbenefitsofAI.c)TohighlighttheethicalchallengesassociatedwithAIdevelopment.d)Toprovideastep-by-stepguidefordevelopingAIsystems.8.Theword"necessitates"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Allowsforb)Requiresc)Disregardsd)Eliminates9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?a)AIwillcompletelyreplacehumandecision-makinginthefuture.b)TheethicaldevelopmentofAIissolelytheresponsibilityofscientists.c)CollaborationamongdifferentgroupsisneededtoguideAIdevelopmentethically.d)DataprivacyconcernswillbecomeobsoleteasAItechnologyadvances.10.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthetransitiontoAIintheworkforce?a)Itwillhappensmoothlywithoutanysocietaladjustments.b)Itwillrequiresignificanteffortsineducationandtraining.c)Itwillprimarilybenefitdevelopedcountries.d)Itwillmainlyaffecttechnologysectorjobs.SecondPartReadingComprehensionTheancientcityofPetra,nestledintherose-redcliffsofJordan,isoneoftheworld'smostbreathtakingarchaeologicalwonders.Knownforitsstunningarchitecturecarveddirectlyintosandstone,PetrawasthecapitaloftheNabataeanKingdomfromapproximately300BCEto106CE.Thisingeniouscivilization,renownedfortheirtradenetworksandsophisticatedwatermanagementsystems,leftbehindalegacythatcontinuestoamazevisitorscenturieslater.OneofthemosticonicstructuresinPetraistheTreasury(Al-Khazneh).Thiselaboratefacade,adornedwithintricatecarvingsdepictingpharaohsandNabataeandeities,wasoriginallyintendedasaroyaltomb.However,itwaslaterusedasatempleortreasury.ThesheerscaleandartistryoftheTreasuryaretestamentstotheNabataeans'remarkablearchitecturalandartisticcapabilities.Theuseofnaturalrockformationsandingeniousstonemasonryallowedthemtocreateastructurethatappearsalmostorganic,seamlesslyintegratedwithitssurroundings.AnotherremarkablesiteistheGreatTemple,whichservedasthereligiousandadministrativecenterofPetra.Itsmassiveentrance,flankedbytoweringcolumns,hintsatthegrandeurthatoncestoodwithin.ThetemplecomplexrevealstheadvancedurbanplanningoftheNabataeans,whodesignedPetranotjustasacitybutasahubofcommerce,religion,andculture.ThediscoveryofGreekandLatininscriptionswithinthetemplesuggeststhecity'scosmopolitannature,reflectingitsstrategiclocationalongancienttraderoutes.Petra'ssurvivalthroughmillenniaispartlyattributedtoitsstrategiclocation,hiddenbehindmountainousterrain,whichhelpedprotectitfrominvasionsandneglect.Thecitywaseventuallyabandonedandforgottenbythewiderworldforcenturiesuntilitsrediscoveryinthe19thcentury.Today,Petrastandsasatestamenttohumaningenuityandtheenduringpowerofarchitecturalbeauty.Ithasattractedcountlessexplorers,archaeologists,andtouristseagertowitnessitssplendorfirsthand.ThepreservationofPetrafacesongoingchallenges,primarilyduetotourismandnaturalerosion.Theconstantflowofvisitorsputspressureonthefragilesandstonestructures,requiringcarefulmanagementtoensuretheirsurvivalforfuturegenerations.Effortsareunderwaytobalancetourismwithconservation,employingmeasuressuchaslimitingvisitornumbers,usingsustainablebuildingmaterialsfornewinfrastructure,andimplementingrigorousmonitoringofthesite'scondition.ProtectingPetraisnotjustaboutpreservingancientstones;itisaboutsafeguardingaculturalheritagethattellsastoryofaremarkablecivilization.Questions:11.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?a)TheeconomicbenefitsoftourisminJordan.b)ThearchitecturalachievementsoftheNabataeanKingdom.c)ThechallengesofpreservingancientsiteslikePetra.d)ThetradenetworksthatconnectedPetratoothercivilizations.12.Accordingtothepassage,whatmakestheTreasuryinPetraremarkable?a)ItwasusedasahospitalduringtheNabataeanperiod.b)Itcontainsvastamountsofancienttreasure.c)Itsstunningfacadeandintegrationwiththesurroundingrock.d)ItwasprimarilyaresidentialbuildingforNabataeanroyalty.13.Theword"ingenious"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Simpleb)Cleverandskillfulc)Old-fashionedd)Smallinsize14.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheNabataeans'understandingofurbanplanning?a)Theyhadnoconceptofcitiesorpublicbuildings.b)Theyfocusedonlyonmilitarydefenses.c)Theydesignedcitieswithmultiplefunctions,includingreligionandcommerce.d)Theybuiltcitiesprimarilyforreligiouspurposes.15.Accordingtothepassage,whywasPetralargelyforgottenforcenturies?a)Itslocationmadeiteasytofindandconquer.b)TheNabataeansdeliberatelyhiditfromtheoutsideworld.c)Itwasstrategicallylocatedandwell-protected.d)Itdeclinedduetopoorwatermanagement.16.Thephrase"cosmopolitannature"inthethirdparagraphrefersto:a)Thecitybeingisolatedfromothercultures.b)Thecityhostingpeoplefromvariousbackgroundsandplaces.c)ThecityhavingapredominantlyGreekpopulation.d)Thecitybeingprimarilyareligiouscenter.17.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeindescribingtheGreatTemple?a)Toargueforthedemolitionofthetemple.b)TohighlighttheNabataeans'architecturalskills.c)Toprovideadetailedplanforreconstructingthetemple.d)TocriticizetheNabataeansfortheirreligiouspractices.18.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonewayPetraisbeingprotectedfromdamage?a)Bycoveringtheancientstructureswithmodernbuildings.b)Bylimitingthenumberofvisitorsandusingsustainablematerials.c)Byencouragingmoretourismtogeneraterevenueforpreservation.d)Byusingadvancedtechnologytoreconstructthesite.19.Theword"fragile"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Stronganddurableb)Easilydamagedc)Ancientandoldd)Modernandadvanced20.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofPetra?a)Itwillbecompletelydestroyedbynaturalerosion.b)Itwillremainawell-preservedancientwonderwithpropercare.c)Itwillloseitspopularityasatouristdestination.d)Itwillbeabandonedtotouristsforexploration.ThirdPartReadingComprehensionClimatechangeisoneofthemostsignificantchallengesfacingtheplanettoday.Itsimpactsarefar-reachingandaffecteverycorneroftheglobe,fromrisingsealevelstomoreextremeweatherevents.Understandingthecausesandconsequencesofclimatechangeiscrucialfordevelopingeffectivemitigationandadaptationstrategies.Theprimarydriverofclimatechangeistheincreaseingreenhousegases(GHGs)intheEarth'satmosphere.Carbondioxide(CO2),methane(CH4),andnitrousoxide(N2O)arethemainGHGs,andhumanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuels,deforestation,andindustrialprocesses,havesignificantlyincreasedtheirconcentrationsoverthepastcentury.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun,creatinga"greenhouseeffect"thatwarmstheplanet.Theenhancedgreenhouseeffectisthemaincauseofglobalwarming,thelong-termincreaseinEarth'saveragesurfacetemperature.Theconsequencesofclimatechangearediverseandsevere.Risingglobaltemperaturesleadtomeltingicecapsandglaciers,contributingtorisingsealevels.Thisposesasignificantthreattocoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareas,increasingtheriskoffloodinganderosion.Moreextremeweatherevents,suchasheatwaves,droughts,heavyrainfall,andpowerfulstorms,arebecomingmorefrequentandintense,causingwidespreaddamagetoinfrastructure,agriculture,andecosystems.Impactsonbiodiversityarealsoamajorconcern.Manyspeciesarestrugglingtoadapttorapidlychangingconditions,leadingtoshiftsintheirhabitatsandpotentialextinction.Coralreefs,inparticular,arehighlysensitivetotemperaturechangesandareexperiencingwidespreadbleachingevents,threateningthediversemarinelifetheysupport.Changesinprecipitationpatternsareaffectingwateravailability,impactingbothhumanpopulationsandnaturalecosystems.Addressingclimatechangerequiresamultifacetedapproach.MitigationeffortsfocusonreducingGHGemissionsthroughtransitioningtorenewableenergysources,improvingenergyefficiency,andadoptingsustainableland-usepractices.Adaptationstrategiesinvolvepreparingforandcopingwiththeimpactsofclimatechangethatarealreadyunavoidable,suchasbuildingseawalls,developingdrought-resistantcrops,andcreatingclimate-resilientinfrastructure.Internationalcooperationisessentialintacklingclimatechange.TheParisAgreement,aglobaltreatyenteredintobynearlyeverycountry,aimstolimitglobalwarmingwellbelow2degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevels.Achievingthisgoalrequirescoordinatedactionandsignificantinvestmentincleantechnologiesandsustainablepractices.Publicawarenessandindividualactionsalsoplayarole,asconsumerchoicesandlifestylechangescancontributetoreducingcarbonfootprints.Whilethechallengesofclimatechangeareimmense,thereisstillhopeforasustainablefuture.Byunderstandingthescience,implementingeffectivepolicies,fosteringinnovation,andworkingtogetherglobally,itispossibletomitigatetheworstimpactsofclimatechangeandbuildaresilientplanetforfuturegenerations.Thetimetoactisnow,andthechoiceswemaketodaywilldeterminetheworldweliveintomorrow.Questions:21.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?a)Theeconomicbenefitsofrenewableenergy.b)Thecausesandeffectsofclimatechangeandpotentialsolutions.c)Thehistoryofinternationalclimateagreements.d)Theimpactofclimatechangeonmarineecosystemsalone.22.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaincauseofthegreenhouseeffect?a)Thereflectionofsunlightbyclouds.b)Thereleaseofnaturalgasesfromdecomposingorganicmatter.c)TheincreaseingreenhousegasesintheEarth'satmosphere.d)Themeltingofpolaricecaps.23.Theword"diverse"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Similarb)Variedc)Localizedd)Temporary24.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheimpactofclimatechangeonagriculture?a)Itwillleadtoincreasedcropyieldsglobally.b)Itwillcauseshiftsingrowingseasonsandcropavailability.c)Itwillmakefarmingpracticesobsolete.d)Itwillprimarilyaffectdevelopedcountries.25.Thephrase"mitigationefforts"inthethirdparagraphrefersto:a)Actionstakentoadapttounavoidableclimateimpacts.b)EffortstoreduceGHGemissionsandslowglobalwarming.c)Strategiesforprotectingcoastalcommunitiesfromflooding.d)Methodsforimprovingwateravailabilityindrought-proneareas.26.Accordingtothepassage,whyisinternationalcooperationimportantforaddressingclimatechange?a)Becausedevelopedcountriesareresponsibleformostemissions.b)Becauseclimatechangeaffectseverycountryregardlessofitslocation.c)Becauseitischeapertoimplementsolutionsindevelopingnations.d)Becauseindividualactionsarenotsufficienttomakeadifference.27.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinmentioningtheParisAgreement?a)Tocriticizethelackofactiononclimatechange.b)Tohighlighttheneedforglobalcollaborationandspecificgoals.c)Toprovideadetailedlistofcountriesthathavesignedtheagreement.d)Toargueagainsttheuseofrenewableenergysources.28.Theword"resilient"inthefinalparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Fragileb)Strongandadaptablec)Temporaryd)Expensive29.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneexampleofanadaptationstrategyforclimatechange?a)Transitioningtorenewableenergysources.b)Buildingseawallstoprotectcoastalareas.c)ReducingGHGemissionsfromindustrialprocesses.d)Encouragingtheuseoffossilfuels.30.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofclimatechangeifcurrenttrendscontinue?a)Itwillbecomelessofaconcernastechnologyadvances.b)Itwillleadtoasustainableandprosperousplanet.c)Itwillhavesevereandfar-reachingconsequences.d)Itwillprimarilyaffectpolarregions.FourthPartReadingComprehensionTheconceptofa"hybridworkmodel"hasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentyears,particularlyinthewakeoftheCOVID-19pandemic,whichforcedmanycompaniestoadoptremoteworkarrangementsonalargescale.Thismodelblendstraditionalofficeworkwiththeflexibilityofworkingfromhomeorotherremotelocations.Proponentsarguethatitoffersnumerousbenefitsforbothemployeesandemployers,whilecriticsraiseconcernsaboutitsfeasibilityandpotentialdrawbacks.Oneoftheprimaryadvantagesofthehybridworkmodelisthepotentialforimprovedwork-lifebalance.Employeeswhohavetheflexibilitytoworkfromhomecansavetimeandmoneyoncommuting,reducestressrelatedtodailytravel,andbettermanagepersonalresponsibilities.Thisflexibilitycanleadtohigherjobsatisfaction,increasedproductivity,andreducedburnout.Studieshaveshownthatmanyemployeesvaluetheautonomyandflexibilityofferedbyremotework,andcompaniesthatprovidetheseoptionsmayfinditeasiertoattractandretaintalent.Foremployers,thehybridmodelcanoffercostsavingsandaccesstoabroadertalentpool.Byreducingtheneedforlargeofficespacesandassociatedoverheadcosts,companiescanpotentiallylowerrealestateexpenses.Additionally,theabilitytohirefromanywhereintheworld,ratherthanbeinglimitedtolocaltalent,allowsorganizationstoaccessawiderrangeofskillsandperspectives.Thiscanfosterinnovationanddiversitywithintheworkforce.However,thehybridworkmodelalsopresentschallengesthatneedtobecarefullymanaged.Communicationandcollaborationcanbemoredifficultwhenteammembersarenotphysicallypresentinthesamelocation.Maintainingteamcohesionandastrongcompanyculturebecomesmorecomplex,requiringintentionaleffortstofostervirtualconnectionsandensureallemployeesfeelincluded.Managersmustadapttheirleadershipstylestoeffectivelysupportremoteteammembersandaddresstheuniquechallengesofmanagingadistributedworkforce.Anotherconcernisthepotentialfordecreasedproductivityorblurredwork-lifeboundaries.Whilesomeemployeesthriveinaremoteenvironment,othersmaystrugglewithself-disciplineorfindithardertodisconnectfromwork.Ensuringthatemployeeshavethenecessarytools,resources,andsupporttosucceedinahybridarrangementiscrucial.Employersneedtoestablishclearexpectationsregardingworkhours,availability,andcommunicationprotocolstopreventburnoutandmaintainproductivity.Privacyandsecurityconcernsalsoarisewiththeincreaseduseofremotework.Accessingcompanydatafromhomenetworksandpersonaldevicescanposerisksifpropersecuritymeasuresarenotinplace.Employersmustinvestinrobustcybersecurityprotocols,includingsecureVPNs,dataencryption,andregularsecuritytrainingforemployees,toprotectsensitiveinformation.Despitethesechallenges,thehybridworkmodelislikelytoremainapopularoptionformanycompaniesinthefuture.Thesuccessofthismodeldependsonfindingtherightbalancebetweenremoteandin-officework,fosteringeffectivecommunicationandcollaboration,andaddressingtheneedsofbothemployeesandemployers.Astechnologycontinuestoevolve,newtoolsandstrategieswillemergetosupporthybridworkarrangements,makingthemincreasinglyviableandpotentiallytransformativeforthefutureofwork.Questions:31.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?a)Thehistoryofremoteworkinthecorporateworld.b)Thebenefitsandchallengesofthehybridworkmodel.c)Thelegalrequirementsforcompaniesadoptingremotework.d)Thetechnologicaltoolsneededforsuccessfulremotework.32.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneadvantageofthehybridworkmodelforemployees?a)Itallowsforlongerworkhoursandhigherpay.b)Itreducescommutingtimeandstress.c)Itrequireslessself-disciplineandtimemanagement.d)Iteliminatestheneedforcollaborationwithcolleagues.33.Theword"traction"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Oppositionb)Popularityandsupportc)Declined)Difficulty34.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutcompaniesadoptingthehybridmodel?a)Theywillprimarilyfocusonreducingcosts.b)Theywillneedtoadapttheirmanagementandcommunicationstrategies.c)Theywillnolongerneedtoprovideofficespaceforemployees.d)Theywillfacelegalchallengesrelatedtoremotework.35.Thephrase"feelingincluded"inthethirdparagraphrefersto:a)Employeesfeelingthattheiropinionsarevalued.b)Employeesfeelingexcludedfromcompanyevents.c)Employeesfeelingthattheyarepartoftheteam.d)Employeesfeelingthattheyareincludedindecision-makingprocesses.36.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapotentialchallengeforemployerswithahybridworkforce?a)Ensuringthatemployeeshavethenecessaryequipmentforremotework.b)Managingcommunicationandcollaborationamongremoteteammembers.c)Providingenoughofficespaceforallemployees.d)Hiringqualifiedcandidatesforremotepositions.37.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeindiscussingprivacyandsecurityconcerns?a)Todiscouragecompaniesfromadoptingremotework.b)Tohighlighttheneedforcybersecuritymeasuresinhybridenvironments.c)Toarguethatremoteworkisinherentlyunsafe.d)Tosuggestthatemployeesshouldnotworkfromhome.38.Theword"robust"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:a)Weakandfragileb)Strongandeffectivec)Outdatedandunreliabled)Complexanddifficulttoimplement39.Accordingtothepassage,whatisessentialforthesuccessofthehybridworkmodel?a)Reducingthenumberofdaysemployeesworkremotely.b)Establishingclearexpectationsandprovidingadequatesupport.c)Eliminatingtheneedforin-officemeetings.d)Focusingsolelyonincreasingemployeeproductivity.40.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofthehybridworkmodel?a)Itwillbecomeobsoleteascompaniesreturntofullyin-officework.b)Itwillcontinuetoevolveandbecomeastandardworkarrangement.c)Itwillprimarilybeusedbysmallbusinesses.d)Itwillonlybesuitableforcertainindustries.试卷答案1.c2.b3.c4.c5.b6.b7.c8.b9.c10.b11.b12.c13.b14.c15.c16.b17.b18.b19.b20.b21.b22.c23.b24.b25.b26.b27.b28.b29.b30.c31.b32.b33.b34.b35.c36.b37.b38.b39.b40.b解析1.c主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了人工智能（AI）带来的挑战和伦理问题，如就业、隐私、偏见和责任等。选项c“与AI发展的伦理挑战相关”最能概括文章主旨。选项a、b、d只是文章提到的部分内容，不是主要内容。2.b细节理解题。根据第二段“AIsystemslearnfromthedatatheyaretrainedon,andifthisdatareflectsexistingsocietalbiases,theAIwillperpetuateandpotentiallyamplifythem.Thiscanleadtounfairoutcomesinareaslikehiring”可知，AI系统会从训练数据中学习，如果数据反映了现有的社会偏见，AI就会延续并可能放大这些偏见，这会导致在招聘等领域出现不公平的结果。因此，AI在招聘中可能导致不公平的结果。选项b“AI在招聘中可能导致不公平的结果”与原文意思相符。选项a、c、d在原文中没有提及。3.c词汇题。根据第一段第一句“Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)isreshapingindustriesanddailylifeatanunprecedentedpace”可知，人工智能的发展速度是前所未有的。选项c“不寻常和出乎意料”与“unprecedented”的意思最接近。选项a“平常的”，选项b“引起担忧的”，选项d“缓慢发展的”都不符合原文语境。4.c推理判断题。根据第二段“WhileAIcancreatenewjobcategories,thetransitionperiodcouldleadtounemploymentandrequirewidespreadreskillingefforts”可知，虽然AI可以创造新的工作岗位，但在过渡时期可能会导致失业，并需要广泛的技能再培训。这表明，由于AI的发展，未来的劳动力市场将需要发生重大变化，可能需要人们学习新技能。选项c“劳动力市场将需要发生重大变化，可能需要人们学习新技能”是对原文的合理推断。选项a、b、d过于绝对或与原文不符。5.b细节理解题。根据第三段“DevelopingunbiasedAIrequirescarefuldatasetcuration,transparentalgorithms,andongoingmonitoring”可知，要开发无偏见的AI，需要仔细管理数据集、透明的算法和持续的监控。选项b“采用多样化的开发团队”虽然可能有助于减少偏见，但原文并没有明确提到。选项a、c、d在原文中没有提及。6.b推理判断题。根据第三段“theAIwillperpetuateandpotentiallyamplifythem”可知，AI会“延续并可能放大它们”。这里的“它们”指的是“现有的社会偏见”。因此，这句话的意思是AI会延续并可能放大现有的社会偏见。选项b“维持并可能恶化它们”与原文意思最接近。选项a“减少并最小化它们”，选项c“消除并替换它们”，选项d“理解并解释它们”都不符合原文语境。7.c主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了人工智能（AI）带来的挑战和伦理问题，并强调了社会需要积极应对这些挑战。文章的结构是提出问题（AI的挑战和伦理问题），然后分析问题（解释各个挑战的具体内容），最后提出对策（需要社会积极应对）。因此，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是向读者介绍人工智能（AI）发展所带来的伦理挑战，并强调需要社会积极应对这些问题。选项c“向读者介绍人工智能（AI）发展所带来的伦理挑战，并强调需要社会积极应对这些问题”最能概括作者的主要目的。选项a“劝说读者认为人工智能比危险更有益”，选项b“向读者介绍人工智能的潜在益处”，选项d“向读者提供开发人工智能系统的分步指南”都与文章主旨不符。8.b词汇题。根据第四段“StrikingabalancebetweenleveragingdataforAIinnovationandprotectingpersonalprivacyisessential”可知，在利用数据促进AI创新和保护个人隐私之间取得平衡是至关重要的。这里的“necessitates”意为“需要”。选项b“需要”与“necessitates”的意思最接近。选项a“允许”，选项c“忽视”，选项d“消除”都不符合原文语境。9.c细节理解题。根据第四段“WhoisaccountablewhenanAIsystemmakesanerrorwithsignificantconsequences?AsAIsystemsbecomemoreautonomous,definingclearlinesofresponsibilitybecomeschallenging”可知，当AI系统犯下重大错误时，谁应该负责？随着AI系统变得更加自主，明确责任界限变得更加具有挑战性。这说明，随着AI系统变得更加自主，明确责任界限变得更加具有挑战性。选项c“随着AI系统变得更加自主，明确责任界限变得更加具有挑战性”与原文意思相符。选项a、b、d在原文中没有提及。10.b推理判断题。根据第二段“thetransitionperiodcouldleadtounemploymentandrequirewidespreadreskillingefforts”可知，在过渡时期可能会导致失业，并需要广泛的技能再培训。这表明，从传统工作模式向AI辅助或AI主导的工作模式的转变将是一个渐进的过程，需要时间来适应和调整。选项b“它将是一个渐进的过程，需要时间来适应和调整”是对原文的合理推断。选项a、c、d过于绝对或与原文不符。11.b主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了佩特拉的地理位置、历史、主要景点（如Treasury和GreatTemple）以及保护现状。文章详细描述了佩特拉的建筑特色和历史文化价值，突出了其作为古代文明杰出成就的重要性。选项b“纳巴泰王国的建筑成就”最能概括文章主旨。选项a、c、d只是文章提到的部分内容，不是主要内容。12.c细节理解题。根据第二段“thesheerscaleandartistryoftheTreasuryaretestamentstotheNabataeans'remarkablearchitecturalandartisticcapabilities.Theuseofnaturalrockformationsandingeniousstonemasonryallowedthemtocreateastructurethatappearsalmostorganic,seamlesslyintegratedwithitssurroundings”可知，Treasury的规模和艺术性是纳巴泰人非凡的建筑和艺术能力的证明。他们巧妙地利用天然岩石形态和石工技艺，创造了一个看似有机、与周围环境无缝融合的结构。因此，Treasury最remarkable的地方在于它的规模、艺术性以及与周围岩石的巧妙融合。选项c“它令人惊叹的规模、艺术性以及与周围岩石的巧妙融合”与原文意思相符。选项a、b、d在原文中没有提及或与原文不符。13.b词汇题。根据第二段“thesheerscaleandartistryoftheTreasuryaretestamentstotheNabataeans