2026年（英语一）全国硕士研究生招生考试真题及答案

2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试（英语一）试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections：Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Advancesinartificialintelligence(AI)arerapidlyeveryaspectofhumanlife.TheworldofAIisbuzzingwithanexcitingpotentialtoimproveandenrichourlives.1,AIalsohasthepotentialhazardof2ourexperiencesinwayswemightfinddifficulttocontrol.Onesuch3ishowweunderstandandexperiencebeauty.AIcanbeacollaborativetoolinawiderangeofcreativeendeavors.4humancreativityandAIalgorithmscanleadtouniqueartistic5thatarebeautifultothehumaneye.Thesecollaborationsarelikelytobecomeincreasinglycommon.6,asconvenientandprovocative,AIenablesvirtualtry-onexperienceswhereyoucanvirtually7makeup,hairstyles,clothing,andevencosmeticprocedure8makinganyphysicalchanges.Individualscannowexperimentwithdifferentlooksand9theirpreferences,potentiallyexpandingtherangeofbeautyideals.AIalgorithmscan10facialfeaturesandskinconditionstoprovidepersonalizedbeautyrecommendations.This11approachaimstocatertoindividualpreferencesandenhancetheconceptofbeautytailoredtoeachperson'suniquecharacteristics.12,AIcanbeafunvehicleforself-discovery.WhileAIoffersexcitingpossibilities,italsoraisesethical13.Thereisariskofdeepeningsocietalbeauty14andperpetuatingunattainablebeautystandards15.AI-poweredbeautyfiltersandeditingtoolscanleadtodistortedself-perceptionand16bodydissatisfaction.Assummarizedinarecentposton"TheHiddenDangersofOnlineBeautyFilters",17onthistechnologyforsocialpresentationcancauseharm18bodyimageissues,lowerself-esteem,andsocialanxiety.It'simportanttonotethatwhileAIcanenhanceour19ofbeauty,itshouldnot20thegenuinehumanexperienceandtheemotionalconnectionswederivefromseeingthebeautyineachother.[A]Still[B]Therefore[C]Afterward[D]Instead[A]reviewing[B]narrating[C]ignoring[D]dominating[A]reason[B]area[C]clue[D]belief[A]Balancing[B]Distinguishing[C]Combining[D]Introducing[A]prospect[B]outcomes[C]ambitions[D]sentiments[A]Atfirst[B]Bycomparison[C]Forinstance[D]Ingeneral[A]test[B]copy[C]link[D]save[A]upon[B]beyond[C]through[D]before[A]explore[B]recall[C]simplify[D]cherish[A]recover[B]arrange[C]reserve[D]analyze[A]localized[B]normalized[C]randomized[D]customized[A]Atbest[B]Tothecontrary[C]Bydefinition[D]Inthisway[A]divisions[B]expectations[C]concerns[D]values[A]pressures[B]mysteries[C]understandings[D]suspicions[A]Approximately[B]Additionally[C]Alternatively[D]Accidentally[A]dealwith[B]resultfrom[C]contributeto[D]focuson[A]starting[B]checking[C]relying[D]working[A]apartfrom[B]suchas[C]regardlessof[D]priorto[A]imitation[B]appreciation[C]preservation[D]consumption[A]replace[B]seize[C]share[D]reflect答案与解析[A]Still（逻辑关系：转折）[D]dominating（语义：掌控、支配）[B]area（语义：领域）[C]Combining（语义：结合）[B]outcomes（语义：成果）[C]Forinstance（逻辑关系：举例）[A]test（语义：试用）[D]before（语义：在……之前）[A]explore（语义：探索）[D]analyze（语义：分析）[D]customized（语义：定制化的）[D]Inthisway（逻辑关系：顺承）[C]concerns（语义：担忧）[A]pressures（语义：压力）[B]Additionally（逻辑关系：递进）[C]contributeto（语义：导致）[C]relying（固定搭配：relyon）[B]suchas（逻辑关系：举例）[B]appreciation（语义：鉴赏、理解）[A]replace（语义：取代）SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections：Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Forthousandsofyears,donkeyshavebeencriticalforpropellinghumancivilizationsforward.They'vehelpedpullwheeledvehicles,carrytravelersandmovegoodsacrosstheworld.Butwhereandwhentheseanimalsfirstbecameintertwinedwithhumanshasbeenamystery.Now,researchershaveusedgenomesofover200donkeystotracetheirdomesticationbacktoasingleeventaround7,000yearsagoinEastAfrica—about3,000yearsbeforehumanstamedhorses.TheteampublishedtheirfindingsinthejournalSciencethismonth."ThroughtheirDNA,theanimalsaretellingtheirhistorythemselves,"co-authorSamanthaBrooks,anequineresearcherattheUniversityofFlorida,saysinastatement."Weusuallyonlygetthehuman'ssideofhistorythroughwrittenaccounts,butofcoursewrittenhistorydoesnotalwaysrecordexactlyhowsomethinghappened.LookingattheseDNAsequences,wegetabiologicaltestimonytotheenvironmenttheseanimalslivedinandtheexperiencestheysurvived."Theresearchersexamined207genomesfrommoderndonkeyslivingin31countriesacrosstheglobe.Theyalsolookedatgenomesfrom15wildequidsand31earlierdonkeysthatlivedbetweenabout4,000and100yearsago.Theteamreconstructedtheanimals'evolutionarytreeandusedcomputermodelstopinpointthedomesticationevent:whenherdersinKenyaandtheHornofAfricatamedwildasses.TheythentracedhowtheanimalsspreadacrosstherestofthecontinentintoEuropeandAsiaabout2,500yearslater.Thoughit'sstillunclearwhytheoriginaldomesticationhappened,ScienceNews'FredaKreierreportsthattheeventcoincidedwiththeSaharagrowinglargeranddrier."Donkeysarechampionswhenitcomestocarryingstuffandaregoodatgoingacrossdeserts,"co-authorLudovicOrlando,anevolutionarybiologistatPaulSabatierUniversityinFrance,tellsthepublication.PrehistorichumansmayhavetameddonkeystohelpnavigatetheexpandingSahara.Researcherssaythesefindingscouldhelpputdonkeysinthespotlight.Theanimalscouldbenefitfrommoreresearch:Currently,therearenopublishedgenomesfromdonkeyslocatedsouthoftheEquatorinAfrica.Butunderstandingwheretheanimalswerefirstdomesticatedcouldguidearchaeologiststoanarrowregiontosearchforinsightsabouttheoriginaltameddonkeys.Notonlydoeshumanunderstandingoftheequines'geneticmakeuphelprevealtheircontributiontohumanhistory,butitalsomightimprovetheirmanagementinthefuture,asclimatechangealterstheplanet'senvironment,writetheauthors.Whatcanbelearnedaboutdonkeysfromparagraph1?

[A]Theyseemedmysterioustohumanancestors.

[B]Theyunderwentmultipledomesticationevents.

[C]Theyweretamedatanearliertimethanhorses.

[D]Theywerevividlyportrayedbyancienttravelers.

答案：CWhatmessageisconveyedinBrooks'statement?

[A]Theearliesthabitatsofdonkeysarehardlytraceable.

[B]Itisincreasinglyeasytoreaddonkeys'DNAsequences.

[C]Writtenaccountscontainvitalcluesfordonkeyresearch.

[D]Geneticanalysisoffersinsightintothehistoryofdonkeys.

答案：DIntheirstudy,theresearchersinvestigatedhowdonkeys?

[A]dispersedwidelyintheworld.

[B]survivedwiththehelpofherders.

[C]developedcertainbehavioraltraits.

[D]adaptedtothechangingenvironment.

答案：AAstowhytheoriginaldomesticationofdonkeyshappened,Orlando?

[A]challengesconventionalideas

[B]providesapossibleexplanation

[C]callsforevidencefromtheSahara

[D]holdsadifferentviewfromKreier.

答案：BTheauthorsthinkthattheirresearchcouldhelpwith

[A]greaterprotectionofwildlife

[B]bettermanagementofdonkeys.

[C]recoveringearlytypesofdonkeys.

[D]raisingawarenessofclimatechange

答案：BText2There'snobusinesslikeshowbusiness—butinLosAngeles,itfeelslikethere'snobusinessatall.Ifthatsoundsmelodramatic,considerthis:TheArtDirectorsGuild,alaborunionrepresentingabout3,000filmworkers,hassuspendedatrainingprogramandissuedastatementexplainingthat"wecannotingoodconscienceencourageyoutopursueourprofession"—areactiontoHollywood'sdecline,whichisreachingacriticalpointfortheindustryandSouthernCalifornia.ProductionhasbeenslippingawayfromHollywoodsincethe1950s,buttheeffectshaveneverbeenmoreapparentthanatpresent.OtherregionsintheUnitedStates,CanadaandEuropehavesteadilyincreasedincentivestoattractTVshowsandmovies,leavingCaliforniainthedust.Georgiaoffersupto30%intransferabletaxcreditsonfilmandTVproductioncosts,plusanadditional10%increaseonthebasetaxcreditiftheprojectincludesaGeorgiapromotionallogo.EvenasCalifornialostahugevolumeofproductiontootherlocations,therewasstillplentyoffilmproductiontakingplaceinLosAngelesbeforethisyear.Wewerekeptafloatby"peakTV",theglutofcontentthatwasrequiredbytheexplosionofstreamingservices.IfproductionsinSouthernCaliforniadipbelowacriticallevelfortoolong,theindustry'sessentialtalentwilldriftawayalongwithenormoussumsofrevenue.Persuadingstudiostofilmherewouldbecomemuchmorechallengingifwecouldn'tofferadeepbenchoflocalfilmworkers,on-screentalentandlocalbusinessesthatsupporttheentertainmentindustry.That'swhytheCaliforniaFilmCommissionanditsLosAngelescounterpart,FilmLA,nowshouldact,beforeit'stoolate.TheseagenciesandothergovernmentbodiesshoulddramaticallyimproveincentivestokeepourcurrentshowsandattractnewproductionstoLosAngeles.Let'sgoonwiththeshow...andmakesuretheshowdoesn'tgoonwithoutus.TheArtDirectorsGuild'sstatementreveals

[A]people'sreducedinterestinfilm.

[B]filmworkers'nostalgiaforthepast.

[C]theappealofSouthernCalifornia.

[D]thegloomysituationofHollywood.

答案：DTheexampleofGeorgiaisusedtoillustratetheeffortsto

[A]lureproductionwithtaxincentives.

[B]driveimprovementsinfilmfacilities.

[C]stimulatecompetitionamongstates.

[D]collectfundsforfilmandTVmaking.

答案：APeakTVpasseditspeakas

[A]streamerslosttheirtechnicaladvantages.

[B]streamerschangedtheirstrategicpriorities.

[C]subscribersgrewwaryoflargeplatforms.

[D]subscriberswereunhappywithnewshows.

答案：BAccordingtoparagraph6,California'sentertainmentindustrymightface

[A]adeclineinproductquality.

[B]ademandforforeigntalent.

[C]abraindraintootherplaces.

[D]adramaticriseinlaborcosts.

答案：CTheauthorconcludesthetextbyemphasizingthatCaliforniashouldstriveto

[A]maintainitspositionintheindustry

[B]attractmoreinvestmentthanithad.

[C]pursueahigherstandardofproduction.

[D]strengthencoordinationwithotherstates.

答案：AText3Thepioneersofwirelesssawitasagifttoallthepeople.SirJohnReithsaidthatitwouldend"isolationofthespirit"andrejoiced:"Itdoesnotmatterhowmanythousandmaybelistening,thereisalwaysenoughforothers...thegeniusandthefool,thewealthyandthepoorlistensimultaneously."Betweentwogreatwarsthistechnologicalinnovationbuiltanewkindofnationalconsciousness.Openingthisweek,abookandexhibitioncuratedbyBeattyRubensattheBodleianinOxfordrecordshowradiochangedeverydaylifefrom1922to1939.Shedrawsonletters,diariesandfiction,anda1939fieldnotebookofverbatimaudienceresearchbyWinifredGill.There'sfunintestimoniesofpeopleenjoyingthesheernewness.Acartoonmocksagroupfailingtoconversebecausethey'reallinheadphones.Peoplereportthatbroadcastmusicmadeworkmenwhistlenewtunes.Awomansaystherehavebeenfewerstreetfightssincethearrivalofthewirelessbutalsolessstoppingand"talkingonthebrushhandle".Byandlargethewirelesswaswelcome.IlovedthemanfromtheThirtiesresearchwhofoundthatwirelesssuddenlyoffered"alotofvariety...thingsIthoughtI'dneverbeinterestedin...icehockey,perhaps".True:formorethan80pre-digitalyears,linearspeechbroadcastingbroughtthegiftofserendipity,randomenliveningofacarjourneyordullmanualtask.InmyownbookaboutradioIrecordedhow,ononedrive:"Icaughtupwiththenews,learntsome17th-centuryhistory,andwasstartlinglyeducatedbyanunpretentiousprogrammeonthehistoryofthestethoscope."Butradio'senrichingserendipityisebbing.Withmultiplenetworksandcountlesspodcasts,asmartphoneuserselectswhattohearandwhen.Andwhileitiswonderfultotakeawalkwithanythinginyourheadphones,infinitechoiceencouragesustoshrinkintonicheinterestsandsympatheticbeliefs.WhatcanbelearntaboutwirelessfromSirJohnReith?

[A]Itwasaccessibletoeveryone.

[B]Itimprovedinterpersonalrelations.

[C]Itwasamiracleofhumaningenuity.

[D]Itledtoaneweraofisolatingculture.

答案：AWhatisthethemeoftheexhibitionattheBodleianinOxford?

[A]Theimpactofradioonitsearlyaudience.

[B]Theroleofradioinpublicmusiceducation.

[C]Theinnovationprocessofradiotechnology.

[D]Theeminentpioneersinradiobroadcasting.

答案：AItisindicatedinParagraph4that

[A]theresearchonradiousedtobeinadequate

[B]thecharmofradioremainsinthedigitalage

[C]radiolistenerscouldmakeunexpectedgains.

[D]radioshowshavechangedlittleovertheyears.

答案：CTheexpression"talkingonthebrushhandle"inParagraphs3referstotheactof

[A]makingaloudnoise.

[B]havingacasualchat.

[C]startingatrivialquarrel.

[D]hummingapopularsong.

答案：BInthelastparagraph,theauthorintendstoexpresstheopinionthat

[A]technologyshouldbeaimedatbenefitinghumans

[B]actionsshouldbetakentorevivetheartoflistening

[C]adolescentsshouldformhealthysocialmediahabits.

[D]peopleshouldadoptasensibleattitudetoinnovations.

答案：DText4WhenTomSwetnamjoinedtheU.S.ForestServiceinthe1970s,hismandatewasto"puteverythingout,"herecalled.ButwhenSwetnamenrolledingraduateschoolattheUniversityofArizona'sLaboratoryofTree-RingResearch,hewassurprisedtofindarecordofrepeatedblazesdatingbackhundredsofyearsbeforeEuropeancolonistsarrivedonthecontinent.Someofthetreesheanalyzedboremorethan20firescarsamongtheirrings.Thefactthatfireshappenedsooftenmeanttheycouldn'thavebeensevereenoughtokillmosttrees.Instead,agrowingbodyofresearchshowedthatfrequent,low-severityfiresmademanyecosystemshealthier.Theyridtheforestofdeadandsicktrees,reducingcompetitionandcurbingthespreadofdisease.Becauseflammablematerialcouldn'tbuilduponthelandscape,blazestendedtomoveslowlyandpeteroutwhentheyreachedthefootprintsofpreviousburns.In2022,Swetnamandotherscientiststeameduptocompileadatabaseoffire-scarredtreesfromacrossthecontinent.TheirNorthAmericantree-ringfire-scarnetwork(NAFSN)providedthebasisforastudypublishedlastmonth.Inthestudy,theresearcherscomparedthehistoricalfirecadencewiththewildfiresrecordedoverthepastfewdecades,anduncoveredastrikingshortfall.TheNAFSNsitesexperiencedlessthanaquarterofthenumberoffiresthatwouldhavebeenexpectedwithoutfiresuppression.Thisdeficitisatestamenttotheeffectivenessofmodernfirefighting,saidKellyMartin,apastpresidentoftheInternationalAssociationofWildlandFire."Yetthecombinedconsequencesofsuppressionandclimatechangehaveerodedhumanity'sabilitytosuppressfires,particularlythosethatigniteunderthemostdangerousweatherconditions."Toprevententireecosystemsfromgoingupinsmoke,Martinsaid,peoplemustbringhealthyfirebacktoplacesthatneedit.AtYosemiteNationalPark,Martinoversawtheuseofwhatisknownasprescribedburnstomakethelandscapemoreresilient.Thesefireswerecarefullyplannedandintentionallyignitedduringperiodswhenweatherkepttheblazeseasytocontrol,andhelpedeliminatesomeofthefuelthathadbuiltuparoundtheimportantpark'sfacilities.Researchshowsthattheseprescribedburnsmakesubsequentwildfireslesssevere,eveniflaterfireshappenunderthemostdangerousweatherconditions.Yetevenasscientistsandpublicofficialsincreasinglyagreeontheneedformorefiresinourforests,climatechangeismakingthistacticmorechallenging,expertssaid."It'sadouble-edgedswordbecausewildfiresaregettingmoresevereandlargerunderclimatechangeandweneedthisworkevenmore,butthentheworkgetsmorechallenging."saidSusanPrichard,afireecologistattheUniversityofWashington.AccordingtoParagraph1,Swetnamwassurprisedby

[A]thescarcityoftree-ringresearchintheU.S.

[B]thefirefightingmeasuresinancientEurope.

[C]theforestmanagementpracticesinthe1970s

[D]thenumberofwildfiresinprecolonialtimes.

答案：DParagraph2mainlyfocuseson

[A]thecausesofpreviousburns

[B]thetreatmentofdiseasedtrees.

[C]thebenefitsoflow-severityfires.

[D]theimportanceofforestecosystems.

答案：CWhatdidthestudyfindaboutthewildfiresoverthepastfewdecades?

[A]Theirintensityhasvastlyfluctuated.

[B]Theirfrequencyhasmarkedlydecreased.

[C]Theirthreatshavebeenunderestimated.

[D]Theirrecordshavebeenmisinterpreted.

答案：BWhatcanbeinferredaboutmodernfirefighting?

[A]Itsworkforceneedsmoretraining.

[B]Itseffectivenessisquestionedbythepublic.

[C]Itmayrendertraditionaltacticsuseless.

[D]Itmaymakeseverefireshardertoputout.

答案：DBothMartinandPrichardwouldagreethat

[A]itischallengingtopredictlargewildfires

[B]itisurgenttoassesstheuseofplannedfires.

[C]itisnecessarytointroduceprescribedburns

[D]itisrewardingtodoublefiredetectionefforts.

答案：CPartBDirections：Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions(41)-(45),youarerequiredtorecognizetheparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelist[A]-[G]andfillingthemintothenumberedboxes.Paragraphs[F]and[C]havebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Thenegotiation,betweenyouandit,istheheartofthematter.Whatdoesthepoetseethatyoudon't?Whatdoesthedifferencemean?Itcouldbeoneofthebestconversationsyoueverhave.Forgetself-helpbooks;readingisself-helpinaction.Andjustreadasinglepoem.InhisOxfordlectures,SeamusHeaneyarguedthatapoemdrawsapictureofreality,a"glimpsedalternative"thatsetsupacontradictionwithyourown,inwayslittleandlarge.

[B]Butforthemostpart,thisisn'twhatthebusinesscommunitydoes.Ihaveyettomeetachiefexecutivewhoreadsregularly.Manyskipnewspapers,andmagazinesareastretch.Theydon'thavetime,theysay.It'sinefficient;theycangettheinformationtheyneedfromthosearoundthem.Atapinch,theymightpickupabusinessbookbeforealongflight,inthehopethat,likeacookbook,itwillprovideafoolproofrecipe.SomearedrawntowhatIthinkofas"businesscarcrash"books-thestoriesofTheranos,Purdue,orWeWork.Butoutsidethosenarrowpoolsofinterest,avastoceanawaits,bountifulwithsimmeringideas,mentaladventureandimaginativerefreshment.

[C]Neuroscientistshavebeenatpainstodemonstratethatthepleasureabookprovidesisn'tindulgence,it'sgoodforyou.Readingwillkeepyoubetterinformedabouttheworldbutitcanalsoimproveourtech-shatteredabilitytoconcentrate.Standingintheshoesofothersfinetunesoursocialunderstanding,usefulaswestruggletounderstandfriends,neighbours,customersandco-workers.Differentpartsofourbrainengageaswesimulatescenes,charactersandmentalstates.Ourimagination-rememberthat?-isrekindled.

[D]ItisundoubtedlytruethatallworkandnoplayreallydoesmakeJack,orJill,dull.Thecureisrightathand,readingischeap,easyand,mostimportant,it'sfun.Liberateyourimaginationthisyear.

[E]Wearelivingthroughagoldenageofsciencewriting.Solucidandaccessiblethatevenlayreaderscanrelishtheunpredictabilityofdiscovery.Dauntedbyuncertainty?Standintheshoesofscientistsandwitnessthedegreetowhichbreakthroughsemergefromaccidents,conflictandsheermentalstamina."Weareneversureofanything."saysthephysicist(andwriter)CarloRovelli.

[F]Youdon'tneedtogetoutmore.If,likemostbusinesspeople,youspendyourlifedashingfromofficetoplane,traintohome,boardroomtowashroom,whatyoureallyneedtodoisstayinmore.Sitdown-andreadabook.

[G]Readinghasalsobeenfoundtomakeusmorehelpful,toreducebias,andeventoincreaselongevity—somethingwewillenjoyallthemoreifwehaveagoodbookinourhands.(Andyes,allthesebenefitsaremorecloselyassociatedwithphysicalbooksthandigitalones.)

[H]Readfiction.Anyfiction.Freeyourselffromalgorithmsandchoose-anythingyoudon'tneedtechnologyforanimmersiveexperiencejustsurrendertonarrativesacrosstimeandplace.Modern(SebastianBarryorOlgaTokarczuk),classic(VirginiaWoolforJamesBaldwin)orgenre(StephenKing,MargaretAtwood,GeorgesSimenon)-itdoesn'tmatter.Fictioninvitesyoutoloiterintheunseen.Inthelivesofothers.Wearelivingthroughagoldenageoftranslationtoo,soyoucangoanywhereintimeorplace.答案：B答案：E答案：A答案：G答案：DPartCDirections：ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Scienceeducationtodayrevolvesaroundtheideaofscientificliteracy-thebase-levelknowledgeaboutsciencethatnonscientistsrequiretoeffectivelygetonintheworld.Thisconcepthasservedasacentralgoalforcurriculumdevelopers,localschoolboards,businessandcommunityleaders,andpolicymakerseversinceitsintroductionnearly80yearsago.(46)Tracingthehistoryoftheterm,wecanseehowthedefinitionofscientificliteracyhasshiftedovertime,muddyingthewaterswhenitcomestodeterminingthegoalsofscienceeducation.

译文：追溯该术语的历史沿革，我们可以看到科学素养的定义如何随时代变迁而演变，这种定义的游移使得界定科学教育的目标变得混沌不清。(47)Areturntothatversionofscientificliteracy,whichfocusedmoreonteachingwhatscienceisandhowitworksandlessonmemorizingscientificfacts,seemslikesomethingsocietytodaydesperatelyneeds.

译文：回归那种更注重传授科学本质与运作原理、而非死记科学事实的科学素养版本，似乎正契合当今社会的迫切需求。IntheUnitedStates,thedesiretoprovidethepublicwithageneral,nontechnicaleducationinscienceoriginatedasfarbackasthelate1800s.

(48)Educatorsadvancedtheideaofhavingstudentscompletedetailedlaboratoryexercisesinhighschoolsinthebeliefthatsuchworkwasbeneficialprimarilyasawaytoenhancelogicalreasoningandobservationalskills.

译文：教育家们曾倡导在高中阶段让学生完成详尽的实验操作，他们相信这类训练主要能通过提升逻辑推理与观察能力使学生受益。Thedevelopmentin1915ofthepopularnewsubject"generalscience"wasanotherefforttotrainstudentstoapplytheprinciplesofsciencetoeveryday,nonscienceproblems.Althoughtheseeffortswereaimedatthenonscience-boundstudent,theyneverreallymadetheirwayintomainstreamthoughtandpublicdiscourseasameanstorallywidespreadsupportfortheimportanceofscienceteachinginschools.

(49)Itwasn'tuntilthephrase"scientificliteracy"camealonginthe1940sthatsciencehadtheformidablesloganit