2026年考研英语笔试词汇冲刺

2026年考研英语笔试词汇冲刺一、选词填空（共10题，每题2分，共20分）题目：阅读下面的一段关于“人工智能伦理”的论述，从文中划线部分的A-I个单词中，选择10个恰当的词填入空格，使段落意思完整、通顺。每词仅用一次。段落：Therapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI)hasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallenges.EthicalconcernshaveemergedasAIsystemsbecomemoreintegratedintodailylife.IssuessuchasA.biased,B.transparency,C.accountability,andD.autonomyareattheforefrontofdiscussions.CriticsarguethatAIalgorithmscanperpetuatesocietalinequalitiesduetotheirE.trainingdata.Toaddresstheseproblems,frameworksforF.governancearebeingproposed.TheseframeworksemphasizetheneedforAItobeG.fair,H.explainable,andI.beneficialtohumanity.Withoutproperregulations,AIcouldexacerbateexistingsocialtensions,leadingtounintendedconsequences.选项：A.biasedB.transparencyC.accountabilityD.autonomyE.trainingF.governanceG.fairH.explainableI.beneficial二、词汇辨析（共15题，每题2分，共30分）题目：下列每组单词中，只有一个是与其他词意思最相近或最不相关的，请选出该词。1.A.innovativeB.conventionalC.originalD.repetitive2.A.mitigateB.exacerbateC.alleviateD.worsen3.A.ephemeralB.persistentC.transientD.enduring4.A.negligibleB.insignificantC.trivialD.substantial5.A.verboseB.succinctC.conciseD.laconic6.A.ephemeralB.momentaryC.fleetingD.permanent7.A.ephemeralB.transientC.impermanentD.constant8.A.mitigateB.alleviateC.reduceD.intensify9.A.verboseB.wordyC.succinctD.economical10.A.ephemeralB.transientC.fleetingD.enduring11.A.ephemeralB.momentaryC.transientD.lasting12.A.ephemeralB.temporaryC.briefD.permanent13.A.ephemeralB.fleetingC.momentaryD.stable14.A.ephemeralB.transientC.momentaryD.enduring15.A.ephemeralB.short-livedC.transientD.lasting三、词汇搭配（共10题，每题2分，共20分）题目：从下面的动词和名词组合中，选择最恰当的搭配填入空格。每词仅用一次。动词：1.A.mitigate2.B.exacerbate3.C.alleviate4.D.worsen5.E.intensify6.F.amplify7.G.diminish8.H.reduce9.I.heighten10.J.lessen名词：1.A.inequality2.B.tension3.C.risk4.D.issue5.E.concern6.F.conflict7.G.problem8.H.challenge9.I.disparity10.J.crisis组合：1.A.mitigate__inequality2.B.exacerbate__tension3.C.alleviate__risk4.D.worsen__issue5.E.intensify__concern6.F.amplify__conflict7.G.diminish__problem8.H.reduce__disparity9.I.heighten__challenge10.J.lessen__crisis四、词汇填空（共5题，每题3分，共15分）题目：根据上下文，从选项中选择最合适的单词填入空格。每词仅用一次。1.ThestudyfoundthatA.mitigatethenegativeeffectsofremoteworkrequiredstructuredcommunicationprotocols.A.mitigatingB.tomitigateC.mitigatedD.mitigate2.ThenewpolicyaimstoB.exacerbateeconomicinequalitybyreducingsocialwelfarebenefits.A.mitigateB.exacerbateC.alleviateD.worsen3.ClimatechangeposesaC.existentialthreattocoastalcommunitiesduetorisingsealevels.A.historicalB.temporalC.existentialD.superficial4.Thecompany'sD.innovativeapproachtosustainabilityhassetanewindustrystandard.A.traditionalB.conventionalC.innovativeD.outdated5.ToE.heightenpublicawareness,theNGOorganizedaseriesofonlineworkshops.A.reduceB.diminishC.heightenD.lower五、同义替换（共10题，每题2分，共20分）题目：下列每组单词中，只有一个是与其他词意思最相近或最不相关的，请选出该词。1.A.ephemeralB.transientC.momentaryD.permanent2.A.verboseB.wordyC.succinctD.concise3.A.ephemeralB.fleetingC.transientD.enduring4.A.ephemeralB.momentaryC.briefD.permanent5.A.ephemeralB.short-livedC.transientD.lasting6.A.ephemeralB.temporaryC.briefD.permanent7.A.ephemeralB.fleetingC.momentaryD.stable8.A.ephemeralB.transientC.momentaryD.enduring9.A.ephemeralB.short-livedC.transientD.lasting10.A.ephemeralB.temporaryC.briefD.permanent六、反义替换（共10题，每题2分，共20分）题目：下列每组单词中，只有一个是与其他词意思最相反或最不相关的，请选出该词。1.A.ephemeralB.permanentC.transientD.lasting2.A.verboseB.conciseC.wordyD.succinct3.A.ephemeralB.enduringC.fleetingD.momentary4.A.ephemeralB.stableC.transientD.permanent5.A.ephemeralB.lastingC.short-livedD.enduring6.A.ephemeralB.temporaryC.briefD.permanent7.A.ephemeralB.fleetingC.momentaryD.stable8.A.ephemeralB.transientC.briefD.enduring9.A.ephemeralB.short-livedC.transientD.lasting10.A.ephemeralB.temporaryC.briefD.permanent七、词汇应用（共5题，每题4分，共20分）题目：根据上下文，从选项中选择最合适的单词填入空格。每词仅用一次。1.Thegovernment'seffortstoA.mitigatetheeconomicimpactofthepandemicwereinsufficient.A.mitigateB.exacerbateC.alleviateD.worsen2.TheriseofsocialmediahasB.intensifiedpoliticalpolarizationinmanycountries.A.mitigatedB.intensifiedC.alleviatedD.diminished3.Thecompany'sC.innovativestrategyinrenewableenergyhasgainedglobalrecognition.A.traditionalB.conventionalC.innovativeD.outdated4.ToD.heightenpublicawareness,theenvironmentalgrouplaunchedacampaign.A.reduceB.diminishC.heightenD.lower5.ThenewpolicyaimstoE.exacerbatetheexistingwealthgap.A.mitigateB.exacerbateC.alleviateD.worsen答案与解析一、选词填空答案与解析1.biased（有偏见的）2.transparency（透明度）3.accountability（问责制）4.autonomy（自主性）5.training（训练）6.governance（治理）7.fair（公平的）8.explainable（可解释的）9.beneficial（有益的）解析：段落主题为AI伦理，空格处需填入与AI伦理相关的词汇。例如，“bias”指算法偏见，“transparency”强调AI决策透明度，“accountability”指AI责任归属，“autonomy”指AI自主决策能力。其他词如“training”指数据训练，“governance”指AI治理，“fair”和“explainable”分别强调公平性和可解释性，“beneficial”指AI对人类的益处。二、词汇辨析答案与解析1.A.innovative2.B.exacerbate3.C.transient4.D.substantial5.C.concise6.D.permanent7.D.constant8.D.intensify9.C.succinct10.D.enduring11.D.lasting12.D.permanent13.D.stable14.D.enduring15.D.lasting解析：每组词中，A、B、C为近义词，D为反义词或不同类别。例如，“innovative”“conventional”“original”“repetitive”中，D“repetitive”与其他词意思不同；“mitigate”“exacerbate”“alleviate”“worsen”中，D“worsen”与其他词意思相近但程度更重；“ephemeral”“transient”“fleeting”“permanent”中，D“permanent”与其他词意思相反。三、词汇搭配答案与解析1.A.mitigateinequality2.B.exacerbatetension3.C.alleviaterisk