2026年7月自考08680欧洲文化入门押题及答案

绝密★启用前2026年7月自考08680欧洲文化入门押题及答案一、单项选择题1.ThewordcivilizationcomesfromLatin,civis,meaning________.A.acitizenorresidentofacityB.asoldierorgeneralofanarmyC.anofficialoracivilservantofagovernmentD.ateacherorstudentofaschool参考答案：A2.Whichofthefollowingisconsideredthe“CradleofWesternCivilization”?A.AncientEgyptB.AncientGreeceC.AncientRomeD.Mesopotamia参考答案：B3.Thename“Mesopotamia”comesfromGreekandmeans________.A.landofthegodsB.betweenriversC.fertilecrescentD.cradleoflaw参考答案：B4.WhichancientcivilizationlaybetweentheEuphratesandTigrisrivers?A.EgyptianB.IndusValleyC.MesopotamianD.Minoan参考答案：C5.TheIcemanÖtziwasdiscoveredinwhichmountainrange?A.AlpsB.AndesC.HimalayasD.Rockies参考答案：A6.TheIcemanÖtzidatesbacktoapproximately________.A.1000BCB.3000BCC.5000BCD.8000BC参考答案：B7.WhichofthefollowingisakeyfeatureofancientEgyptiancivilization?A.TheinventionofdemocracyB.TheconstructionoftheParthenonC.ThebuildingofpyramidsD.ThecreationoftheRomanlegalsystem参考答案：C8.TheHellenisticAgereferstotheperiodaftertheconquestsof________.A.JuliusCaesarB.AlexandertheGreatC.PericlesD.Augustus参考答案：B9.Whichtwocity-stateswerethemostprominentinancientGreece?A.CorinthandArgosB.ThebesandDelphiC.SpartaandAthensD.TroyandMycenae参考答案：C10.Spartansocietywasprimarilyfocusedon________.A.philosophyandartB.tradeandcommerceC.militarytrainingD.navalexpansion参考答案：C11.Atheniandemocracywascharacterizedby________.A.rulebyasinglekingB.directparticipationofmalecitizensC.militarydictatorshipD.priestlyrule参考答案：B12.AlexandertheGreatwasastudentofwhichphilosopher?A.PlatoB.SocratesC.AristotleD.Epicurus参考答案：C13.TheHellenisticAgesawthespreadofGreekcultureasfareastas________.A.IndiaB.ChinaC.PersiaD.Egypt参考答案：A14.TheancientOlympicGameswereheldinhonorof________.A.ApolloB.AthenaC.ZeusD.Hermes参考答案：C15.TheParthenonislocatedin________.A.RomeB.AthensC.DelphiD.Olympia参考答案：B16.TheParthenonwasdedicatedtothegoddess________.A.HeraB.AthenaC.AphroditeD.Artemis参考答案：B17.TheRomanRepublicendedwiththeriseof________.A.JuliusCaesarB.AugustusC.NeroD.Constantine参考答案：B18.TheRomanEmpirewasknownforitscontributionsto________.A.democracyB.lawandengineeringC.philosophyD.epicpoetry参考答案：B19.TheGreatFireofRomeoccurredduringthereignofEmperor________.A.ClaudiusB.NeroC.TrajanD.Hadrian参考答案：B20.ThehistorianwhorecordedtheGreatFireofRomewas________.A.PlutarchB.LivyC.TacitusD.Suetonius参考答案：C21.TheColosseuminRomewasusedfor________.A.religiousceremoniesB.politicalmeetingsC.gladiatorialcontestsD.theatricalperformances参考答案：C22.Romanbathsservedas________.A.onlybathingplacesB.socialandrecreationalcentersC.militarybarracksD.temples参考答案：B23.TheMiddleAgesinEuroperoughlyspannedfrom________.A.300–900ADB.500–1500ADC.1000–1600ADD.200–800AD参考答案：B24.DuringtheMiddleAges,themostpowerfulinstitutioninEuropewasthe________.A.monarchyB.CatholicChurchC.merchantguildsD.feudallords参考答案：B25.TheCrusadeswereaseriesofreligiouswarsbetweenChristiansand________.A.JewsB.MuslimsC.pagansD.Mongols参考答案：B26.TheBlackDeathspreadtoEuropeinthe________.A.12thcenturyB.13thcenturyC.14thcenturyD.15thcentury参考答案：C27.TheBlackDeathisestimatedtohavekilledabout________ofEurope’spopulation.A.10–20%B.30–60%C.70–90%D.5–10%参考答案：B28.TheRenaissancebeganfirstin________.A.FranceB.EnglandC.ItalyD.Germany参考答案：C29.Theword“Renaissance”means________.A.rebirthB.renewalC.revolutionD.rediscovery参考答案：A30.HumanismduringtheRenaissanceemphasized________.A.religiousdevotionB.humanpotentialandachievementsC.militaryconquestD.feudalobligations参考答案：B31.JohannesGutenberginventedthe________.A.telescopeB.printingpressC.compassD.steamengine参考答案：B32.Gutenberg’sprintingpressrevolutionizedEuropeby________.A.spreadingliteracyandideasB.endingfeudalismC.startingtheCrusadesD.creatinguniversities参考答案：A33.LeonardodaVincipaintedallofthefollowingEXCEPT________.A.MonaLisaB.TheLastSupperC.SistineChapelceilingD.VitruvianMan参考答案：C34.TheMonaLisaisknownforher________.A.mysterioussmileB.goldenrobeC.tragicexpressionD.elaboratejewelry参考答案：A35.WilliamShakespearewroteinwhichlanguage?A.LatinB.FrenchC.EnglishD.Italian参考答案：C36.WhichofthefollowingisatragedybyShakespeare?A.AMidsummerNight’sDreamB.TheTempestC.HamletD.MuchAdoAboutNothing参考答案：C37.TheProtestantReformationbeganwith________.A.JohnCalvinB.MartinLutherC.HenryVIIID.UlrichZwingli参考答案：B38.MartinLutherpostedhis95Thesesin________.A.1492B.1517C.1525D.1530参考答案：B39.The95Thesescriticizedthesaleof________.A.BiblesB.churchofficesC.indulgencesD.relics参考答案：C40.TheChurchofEnglandwasestablishedby________.A.HenryVIIIB.ElizabethIC.MaryID.EdwardVI参考答案：A41.TheBaroqueperiodinartischaracterizedby________.A.simplicityandsymmetryB.dramaandornamentationC.abstractformsD.mutedcolors参考答案：B42.GalileoGalileiisfamousforhisworkin________.A.astronomyandphysicsB.medicineC.paintingD.literature参考答案：A43.IsaacNewtondiscoveredthelawof________.A.motionB.gravityC.thermodynamicsD.optics参考答案：B44.FrancisBaconisknownfordevelopingthe________.A.scientificmethodB.theoryofevolutionC.heliocentricmodelD.lawsofmotion参考答案：A45.RenéDescartessaid,“Ithink,thereforeIam”inhiswork________.A.MeditationsB.DiscourseonMethodC.EthicsD.TheRepublic参考答案：B46.TheEnlightenmentemphasized________.A.faithandtraditionB.reasonandindividualismC.emotionandnatureD.warandconquest参考答案：B47.Montesquieuproposedthetheoryof________.A.socialcontractB.separationofpowersC.theinvisiblehandD.thegeneralwill参考答案：B48.AdamSmithisknownforhisworkon________.A.politicallibertyB.economicsandcapitalismC.humanrightsD.education参考答案：B49.WolfgangAmadeusMozartwasacomposerfrom________.A.GermanyB.AustriaC.ItalyD.France参考答案：B50.TheFrenchRevolutionbeganintheyear________.A.1776B.1789C.1799D.1804参考答案：B51.ThestormingoftheBastilletookplaceon________.A.July4,1776B.July14,1789C.August15,1792D.September21,1792参考答案：B52.TheReignofTerrorwasledby________.A.NapoleonBonaparteB.MaximilienRobespierreC.LouisXVID.GeorgesDanton参考答案：B53.NapoleonBonaparterosetopowerafterthe________.A.FrenchRevolutionB.AmericanRevolutionC.IndustrialRevolutionD.GloriousRevolution参考答案：A54.Romanticismemphasized________.A.reasonandlogicB.emotionandnatureC.industrialprogressD.classicalforms参考答案：B55.Thenovel*TheSorrowsofYoungWerther*waswrittenby________.A.JohannWolfgangvonGoetheB.FriedrichSchillerC.VictorHugoD.LordByron参考答案：A56.Realisminliteraturefocusedon________.A.idealizedheroesB.everydaylifeandsocietyC.supernaturaleventsD.ancientmyths参考答案：B57.CharlesDickenswroteallofthefollowingEXCEPT________.A.*OliverTwist*B.*ATaleofTwoCities*C.*GreatExpectations*D.*MadameBovary*参考答案：D58.*MadameBovary*waswrittenby________.A.CharlesDickensB.GustaveFlaubertC.WilliamThackerayD.EmilyBrontë参考答案：B59.CharlesDarwinpublished*OntheOriginofSpecies*in________.A.1831B.1859C.1871D.1882参考答案：B60.Darwin’stheoryofevolutionisbasedon________.A.naturalselectionB.divinecreationC.LamarckismD.geneticmutation参考答案：A61.Modernismemergedafter________.A.theFrenchRevolutionB.WorldWarIC.theIndustrialRevolutionD.theRenaissance参考答案：B62.Abstractexpressionismisassociatedwith________.A.JacksonPollockB.PabloPicassoC.SalvadorDalíD.AndyWarhol参考答案：A63.Popartoftenusesimageryfrom________.A.natureB.religionC.popularcultureD.history参考答案：C64.Minimalisminartemphasizes________.A.complexityB.simplicityC.decorationD.emotion参考答案：B65.TheSistineChapelceilingwaspaintedby________.A.LeonardodaVinciB.MichelangeloC.RaphaelD.Donatello参考答案：B66.TheRomangodJupitercorrespondstotheGreekgod________.A.ApolloB.ZeusC.AresD.Hermes参考答案：B67.TheLatinterm“PaxRomana”refersto________.A.RomanlawB.RomanpeaceC.RomanarmyD.Romansenate参考答案：B68.TheByzantineEmpirecontinuedthelegacyofthe________.A.GreekcivilizationB.RomanEmpireC.PersianEmpireD.OttomanEmpire参考答案：B69.TheMagnaCartawassignedin________.A.1066B.1215C.1348D.1492参考答案：B70.TheHundredYears’Warwasfoughtbetween________.A.EnglandandFranceB.FranceandSpainC.EnglandandGermanyD.ItalyandFrance参考答案：A71.JoanofArcwasaheroineofthe________.A.CrusadesB.HundredYears’WarC.WarsoftheRosesD.ThirtyYears’War参考答案：B72.TheMedicifamilywerepatronsoftheartsin________.A.RomeB.FlorenceC.VeniceD.Milan参考答案：B73.Erasmuswasafamous________.A.painterB.humanistscholarC.composerD.scientist参考答案：B74.ThomasMorewrote________.A.ThePrinceB.UtopiaC.TheCourtierD.Gargantua参考答案：B75.TheCouncilofTrentwaspartofthe________.A.ProtestantReformationB.CatholicCounter-ReformationC.RenaissanceD.Enlightenment参考答案：B76.IgnatiusofLoyolafoundedthe________.A.DominicansB.FranciscansC.JesuitsD.Benedictines参考答案：C77.TheSpanishArmadawasdefeatedin________.A.1492B.1588C.1607D.1648参考答案：B78.TheThirtyYears’WarendedwiththePeaceof________.A.AugsburgB.WestphaliaC.UtrechtD.Paris参考答案：B79.LouisXIVwasknownasthe________.A.GreatB.SunKingC.PhilosopherKingD.Lionheart参考答案：B80.ThePalaceofVersaillesisamasterpieceof________.A.GothicarchitectureB.BaroquearchitectureC.RomanesquearchitectureD.Modernistarchitecture参考答案：B81.JohnLockearguedfor________.A.divinerightofkingsB.naturalrightsC.absolutemonarchyD.theocracy参考答案：B82.Voltairewasafamousadvocateof________.A.religioustoleranceB.atheismC.monarchyD.feudalism参考答案：A83.Jean-JacquesRousseauwrote________.A.TheSpiritoftheLawsB.TheSocialContractC.CandideD.Leviathan参考答案：B84.DenisDiderotwastheeditorofthe________.A.EncyclopediaB.DictionaryC.BibleD.Almanac参考答案：A85.ImmanuelKantdefinedtheEnlightenmentas________.A.reasonwithoutfaithB.man’semergencefromself-imposedimmaturityC.theageofscienceD.thedeathofGod参考答案：B86.Beethoven’smusicbridgesthe________.A.BaroqueandClassicalB.ClassicalandRomanticC.RomanticandModernD.RenaissanceandBaroque参考答案：B87.TheIndustrialRevolutionbeganin________.A.FranceB.GermanyC.GreatBritainD.Italy参考答案：C88.TheCommunistManifestowaswrittenby________.A.MarxandEngelsB.LeninandTrotskyC.HegelandKantD.RousseauandVoltaire参考答案：A89.NapoleonwasfinallydefeatedattheBattleof________.A.AusterlitzB.WaterlooC.LeipzigD.Trafalgar参考答案：B90.TheCongressofViennaaimedto________.A.restoretheoldorderinEuropeB.spreaddemocracyC.unifyGermanyD.promotenationalism参考答案：A91.TheGreekWarofIndependenceledtoindependencefrom________.A.RomeB.VeniceC.theOttomanEmpireD.Bulgaria参考答案：C92.Dostoevsky’snovelsexplore________.A.existentialandpsychologicalthemesB.romanticloveC.scientificprogressD.naturepoetry参考答案：A93.Nietzschedeclared“Godisdead”tocriticize________.A.scienceB.traditionalmoralityC.artD.politics参考答案：B94.Freuddevelopedthetheoryof________.A.evolutionB.psychoanalysisC.relativityD.behaviorism参考答案：B95.Einstein’stheoryofrelativityrevolutionized________.A.biologyB.physicsC.chemistryD.medicine参考答案：B96.WorldWarIbrokeoutin________.A.1912B.1914C.1916D.1918参考答案：B97.TheRussianRevolutiontookplacein________.A.1905B.1917C.1919D.1921参考答案：B98.TheLeagueofNationswascreatedafter________.A.WWIB.WWIIC.theNapoleonicWarsD.theFranco-PrussianWar参考答案：A99.Fascismfirstemergedin________.A.GermanyB.ItalyC.SpainD.Russia参考答案：B100.HitlercametopowerinGermanyin________.A.1929B.1933C.1936D.1939参考答案：B101.WorldWarIIendedinEuropein________.A.1944B.1945C.1946D.1947参考答案：B102.TheHolocaustreferstothegenocideof________.A.ArmeniansB.JewsandothergroupsC.RwandansD.Cambodians参考答案：B103.TheUnitedNationswasfoundedin________.A.1919B.1945C.1950D.1960参考答案：B104.TheColdWarwasaconflictbetween________.A.USAandChinaB.USAandUSSRC.FranceandGermanyD.BritainandRussia参考答案：B105.TheBerlinWallfellin________.A.1985B.1989C.1991D.1993参考答案：B106.TheEuropeanUnionwasformallyestablishedbythe________.A.TreatyofParisB.TreatyofRomeC.MaastrichtTreatyD.LisbonTreaty参考答案：C107.Theeurocurrencywasintroducedin________.A.1999B.2000C.2001D.2002参考答案：D108.Gothicarchitectureisknownforits________.A.roundarchesB.pointedarchesandflyingbuttressesC.domesD.minimalism参考答案：B109.ChartresCathedralisafamousexampleof________.A.RomanesqueB.GothicC.BaroqueD.Renaissance参考答案：B110.TheCanterburyTaleswaswrittenby________.A.GeoffreyChaucerB.WilliamLanglandC.JohnGowerD.ThomasMalory参考答案：A111.Dante’s*DivineComedy*iswrittenin________.A.LatinB.ItalianC.FrenchD.English参考答案：B112.Petrarchisknownasthefatherof________.A.HumanismB.SonnetC.EpicpoetryD.Comedy参考答案：A113.Boccacciowrote________.A.TheDecameronB.ThePrinceC.OrlandoFuriosoD.JerusalemDelivered参考答案：A114.JanvanEyckwasafamouspainterofthe________.A.ItalianRenaissanceB.NorthernRenaissanceC.BaroqueD.Rococo参考答案：B115.AlbrechtDürerwasamasterof________.A.oilpaintingB.engravingC.frescoD.mosaic参考答案：B116.ElGreco’sstyleischaracterizedby________.A.naturalismB.elongatedfiguresC.classicalproportionsD.darkrealism参考答案：B117.Caravaggioisfamousforhisuseof________.A.tenebrismB.brightcolorsC.symmetryD.abstraction参考答案：A118.Rembrandtisknownforhis________.A.landscapesB.self-portraitsC.historicalscenesD.stilllifes参考答案：B119.Vermeerpainteddomesticsceneswithexceptional________.A.dramaB.lightC.sizeD.religiousthemes参考答案：B120.TheRococostyleisassociatedwith________.A.seriousnessB.lightnessanddecorationC.heroismD.industrialthemes参考答案：B121.Jacques-LouisDavidwasaleaderof________.A.BaroqueB.NeoclassicismC.RomanticismD.Realism参考答案：B122.Delacroixisarepresentativeof________.A.NeoclassicismB.RomanticismC.RealismD.Impressionism参考答案：B123.Courbet’spaintingsoftendepict________.A.mythologyB.ordinarypeopleC.royaltyD.war参考答案：B124.Manetisconsideredaprecursorto________.A.ImpressionismB.CubismC.SurrealismD.Abstractart参考答案：A125.Monet’s*Impression,Sunrise*gaveitsnameto________.A.RealismB.ImpressionismC.Post-ImpressionismD.Symbolism参考答案：B126.VanGogh’sworkisassociatedwith________.A.ImpressionismB.Post-ImpressionismC.CubismD.Fauvism参考答案：B127.Cézanneisoftencalledthefatherof________.A.modernartB.landscapepaintingC.stilllifeD.portraiture参考答案：A128.Picassoco-founded________.A.SurrealismB.CubismC.DadaismD.Futurism参考答案：B129.Duchamp’s“Fountain”isanexampleof________.A.readymadeartB.performanceartC.installationartD.conceptualart参考答案：A130.SalvadorDalíwasaleadingfigurein________.A.CubismB.SurrealismC.DadaD.PopArt参考答案：B131.AndyWarholisassociatedwith________.A.MinimalismB.PopArtC.ConceptualArtD.AbstractExpressionism参考答案：B132.TheBauhausschoolinfluenced________.A.fineartsonlyB.architectureanddesignC.musicD.literature参考答案：B133.LeCorbusierwasanarchitectassociatedwith________.A.GothicrevivalB.ModernismC.BaroqueD.Neoclassicism参考答案：B134.FrankLloydWrightdesigned________.A.theEiffelTowerB.FallingwaterC.theColosseumD.St.Peter’s参考答案：B135.Stravinsky’s*TheRiteofSpring*causedariotforits________.A.dissonanceandrhythmB.politicalmessageC.lengthD.religioustheme参考答案：A136.ArnoldSchoenbergdevelopedthe________.A.twelve-tonetechniqueB.minimalismC.jazzharmonyD.electronicmusic参考答案：A137.JamesJoycewrote________.A.UlyssesB.TheWasteLandC.MrsDallowayD.TheTrial参考答案：A138.VirginiaWoolfwasaleadingfigurein________.A.RealismB.StreamofconsciousnessC.RomanticismD.Naturalism参考答案：B139.FranzKafkawrote________.A.TheMetamorphosisB.TheStrangerC.NauseaD.WaitingforGodot参考答案：A140.T.S.Eliot’s*TheWasteLand*reflects________.A.post-wardisillusionmentB.romanticoptimismC.religiousdevotionD.scientificprogress参考答案：A141.SamuelBeckett’s*WaitingforGodot*isanexampleof________.A.TheatreoftheAbsurdB.EpictheatreC.NaturalismD.Classicaltragedy参考答案：A142.Jean-PaulSartrewasaleadingfigurein________.A.existentialismB.structuralismC.postmodernismD.Marxism参考答案：A143.SimonedeBeauvoirwrote________.A.TheSecondSexB.TheFeminineMystiqueC.GenderTroubleD.ARoomofOne’sOwn参考答案：A144.MichelFoucaultstudied________.A.powerandknowledgeB.economicsC.theunconsciousD.arthistory参考答案：A145.JacquesDerridadeveloped________.A.structuralismB.deconstructionC.phenomenologyD.hermeneutics参考答案：B146.Postmodernismischaracterizedby________.A.grandnarrativesB.ironyandpasticheC.absolutetruthD.scientificobjectivity参考答案：B147.TheBeatlesoriginatedfrom________.A.theUnitedStatesB.theUnitedKingdomC.GermanyD.Sweden参考答案：B148.Feministartemergedprominentlyinthe________.A.1950sB.1960sC.1970sD.1980s参考答案：C149.Postcolonialtheoryexamines________.A.genderinequalityB.colonialandaftercolonialeffectsC.economicsystemsD.religiouspractices参考答案：B150.EdwardSaidwrote________.A.OrientalismB.CultureandImperialismC.TheWretchedoftheEarthD.BlackSkin,WhiteMasks参考答案：A151.TheMagnaCartaestablishedtheprincipleof________.A.absolutemonarchyB.ruleoflawC.divinerightD.universalsuffrage参考答案：B152.TheGloriousRevolutionof1688inEnglandresultedin________.A.arepublicB.aconstitutionalmonarchyC.adictatorshipD.therestorationofCatholicism参考答案：B153.TheEnglishBillofRightswaspassedin________.A.1215B.1628C.1689D.1707参考答案：C154.TheAmericanDeclarationofIndependencewasinfluencedby________.A.theReformationB.theEnlightenmentC.theRenaissanceD.theIndustrialRevolution参考答案：B155.ThomasJeffersonwasinfluencedbytheideasof________.A.MachiavelliB.JohnLockeC.HobbesD.Hegel参考答案：B156.TheU.S.Constitutionestablishedasystemof________.A.directdemocracyB.checksandbalancesC.parliamentarysupremacyD.absoluteseparation参考答案：B157.TheFrenchDeclarationoftheRightsofManandoftheCitizenwasissuedin________.A.1776B.1789C.1791D.1793参考答案：B158.TheNapoleonicCodeinfluencedlegalsystems________.A.onlyinFranceB.throughoutEuropeandbeyondC.onlyinGermanyD.onlyinItaly参考答案：B159.TheunificationofGermanywasachievedin________.A.1848B.1866C.1871D.1890参考答案：C160.TheunificationofItalywascompletedin________.A.1848B.1861C.1870D.1914参考答案：C161.OttovonBismarckwastheChancellorof________.A.AustriaB.Prussia/GermanyC.FranceD.Russia参考答案：B162.TheAustro-HungarianEmpirecollapsedafter________.A.WWIB.WWIIC.theNapoleonicWarsD.theCrimeanWar参考答案：A163.TheRussianserfswereemancipatedin________.A.1825B.1855C.1861D.1905参考答案：C164.Leninledthe________.A.FebruaryRevolutionB.OctoberRevolutionC.Revolutionof1905D.DecembristRevolt参考答案：B165.Stalin’sruleintheUSSRwascharacterizedby________.A.democracyB.purgesandforcedindustrializationC.liberalreformsD.isolationism参考答案：B166.TheGreatDepressionbeganin________.A.1928B.1929C.1930D.1931参考答案：B167.TheNewDealwasintroducedby________.A.HooverB.RooseveltC.TrumanD.Eisenhower参考答案：B168.TheSpanishCivilWarlastedfrom1936to________.A.1937B.1938C.1939D.1940参考答案：C169.FranciscoFrancoestablishedadictatorshipin________.A.PortugalB.SpainC.ItalyD.Greece参考答案：B170.TheMunichAgreementallowedNaziGermanytoannex________.A.AustriaB.theSudetenlandC.PolandD.Czechoslovakiaentirely参考答案：B171.D-Day,theAlliedinvasionofNormandy,tookplacein________.A.1942B.1943C.1944D.1945参考答案：C172.TheatomicbombwasdroppedonHiroshimain________.A.1944B.1945C.1946D.1947参考答案：B173.TheMarshallPlanaimedtorebuild________.A.AsiaB.AfricaC.EuropeD.SouthAmerica参考答案：C174.NATOwasfoundedin________.A.1945B.1947C.1949D.1951参考答案：C175.TheWarsawPactwastheSovietresponseto________.A.NATOB.theEECC.theUND.theMarshallPlan参考答案：A176.TheCubanMissileCrisisoccurredin________.A.1959B.1961C.1962D.1963参考答案：C177.TheVietnamWarendedin________.A.1973B.1975C.1979D.1981参考答案：B178.ThePragueSpringwascrushedby________.A.theUSSRB.theUSAC.ChinaD.France参考答案：A179.Solidaritywasatradeunionmovementin________.A.CzechoslovakiaB.HungaryC.PolandD.EastGermany参考答案：C180.MikhailGorbachevintroducedperestroikaandglasnostin________.A.1980B.1985C.1989D.1991参考答案：B181.TheSovietUnionwasdissolvedin________.A.1989B.1990C.1991D.1992参考答案：C182.TheYugoslavWarstookplaceduringthe________.A.1960sB.1970sC.1980sD.1990s参考答案：D183.Theeurowasadoptedasanaccountingcurrencyin________.A.1995B.1997C.1999D.2001参考答案：C184.TheLisbonTreatyreformedthe________.A.UNB.EUC.NATOD.WTO参考答案：B185.TherefugeecrisisinEuropepeakedaround________.A.2008B.2010C.2015D.2018参考答案：C186.BrexitreferstotheUK’sexitfromthe________.A.EUB.NATOC.UND.G7参考答案：A187.TheCOVID-19pandemicbeganin________.A.2018B.2019C.2020D.2021参考答案：B188.TheRomangodofwarwas________.A.JupiterB.MarsC.ApolloD.Mercury参考答案：B189.TheGreekgodoftheunderworldwas________.A.ZeusB.HadesC.PoseidonD.Ares参考答案：B190.TheLatinlanguageisthebasisofthe________.A.GermaniclanguagesB.RomancelanguagesC.SlaviclanguagesD.Celticlanguages参考答案：B191.TheCyrillicalphabetwascreatedfor________.A.LatinB.GreekC.SlaviclanguagesD.Germaniclanguages参考答案：C192.TheVikingAgelastedfromapproximately793to________.A.1000B.1066C.1100D.1200参考答案：B193.TheNormansconqueredEnglandin________.A.1016B.1066C.1100D.1154参考答案：B194.TheDomesdayBookwascommissionedby________.A.AlfredtheGreatB.WilliamtheConquerorC.RichardtheLionheartD.HenryII参考答案：B195.TheUniversityofPariswasfoundedinthe________.A.10thcenturyB.11thcenturyC.12thcenturyD.13thcentury参考答案：C196.ThomasAquinaswrotethe________.A.SummaTheologicaB.ConfessionsC.CityofGodD.TheImitationofChrist参考答案：A197.TheGreatSchismof1054dividedChristianityinto________.A.CatholicandProtestantB.RomanCatholicandEasternOrthodoxC.CatholicandAnglicanD.OrthodoxandCoptic参考答案：B198.TheInquisitionwasestablishedto________.A.convertpagansB.combatheresyC.fightMuslimsD.educateclergy参考答案：B199.TheSocietyofJesus(Jesuits)wasfoundedby________.A.IgnatiusofLoyolaB.FrancisXavierC.PopePaulIIID.CharlesBorromeo参考答案：A200.TheCouncilofTrentreaffirmed________.A.ProtestantdoctrinesB.CatholicdoctrinesC.humanistprinciplesD.scientificmethods参考答案：B二、匹配题匹配题1ColumnA(Person)ColumnB(Achievement/Description)1.CharlesDarwina.Authorof*VanityFair*2.GustaveFlaubertb.Biologistfamousfortheoryofevolution3.CharlesDickensc.Creatoroftheperiodictableofelements4.WilliamThackerayd.Authorof*MadameBovary*5.DmitriMendeleyeve.Authorof*OliverTwist*参考答案：1-b,2-d,3-e,4-a,5-c匹配题21.MartinLuthera.PaintedtheSistineChapelceiling2.JohnCalvinb.Authorof*ThePrince*3.HenryVIIIc.LeaderoftheReformationinGeneva4.NiccolòMachiavellid.StartedtheEnglishReformation5.Michelangeloe.Postedthe95Theses参考答案：1-e,2-c,3-d,4-b,5-a匹配题31.LeonardodaVincia.Wrote*Hamlet*2.WilliamShakespeareb.Painted*TheSchoolofAthens*3.Raphaelc.Sculpted*David*(Florence)4.Michelangelod.Paintedthe*MonaLisa*5.Donatelloe.Sculpted*David*(bronze)参考答案：1-d,2-a,3-b,4-c,5-e匹配题41.IsaacNewtona.Developedthescientificmethod2.GalileoGalileib.Discoveredthelawofgravity3.FrancisBaconc.Wrote*DiscourseonMethod*4.RenéDescartesd.Improvedthetelescope5.JohannesKeplere.Discoveredplanetarymotion参考答案：1-b,2-d,3-a,4-c,5-e匹配题51.Voltairea.Wrote*TheSocialContract*2.Montesquieub.Wrote*Candide*3.Rousseauc.Editedthe*Encyclopedia*4.Diderotd.Wrote*TheSpiritoftheLaws*5.AdamSmithe.Wrote*TheWealthofNations*参考答案：1-b,2-d,3-a,4-c,5-e匹配题61.Mozarta.Wrotethe*SymphonieFantastique*2.Beethovenb.Composed*TheMagicFlute*3.Haydnc.Wrotethe*EroicaSymphony*4.Schubertd.Wrote*TheCreation*5.Berlioze.Wrote*AveMaria*参考答案：1-b,2-c,3-d,4-e,5-a匹配题71.Napoleona.LedtheReignofTerror2.Robespierreb.DefeatedatWaterloo3.LouisXVIc.Wrote*TheCommunistManifesto*4.Marxd.ExecutedduringtheFrenchRevolution5.Dantone.RevolutionaryleaderexecutedbyRobespierre参考答案：1-b,2-a,3-d,4-c,5-e匹配题81.Goethea.Wrote*LesMisérables*2.VictorHugob.Wrote*TheSorrowsofYoungWerther*3.LordByronc.Wrote*OdetotheWestWind*4.Shelleyd.Wrote*DonJuan*5.Keatse.Wrote*OdetoaNightingale*参考答案：1-b,2-a,3-d,4-c,5-e匹配题91.CharlesDarwina.Wrote*ATaleofTwoCities*2.CharlesDickensb.Wrote*MadameBovary*3.GustaveFlaubertc.Wrote*VanityFair*4.WilliamThackerayd.Createdtheperiodictable5.DmitriMendeleyeve.Wrote*OntheOriginofSpecies*参考答案：1-e,2-a,3-b,4-c,5-d匹配题101.VanGogha.Painted*Guernica*2.Picassob.Painted*WaterLilies*3.Monetc.Painted*TheStarryNight*4.Dalid.Painted*ThePersistenceofMemory*5.Pollocke.Paintedabstractdrippaintings参考答案：1-c,2-a,3-b,4-d,5-e匹配题111.JamesJoycea.Wrote*TheWasteLand*2.VirginiaWoolfb.Wrote*Ulysses*3.T.S.Eliotc.Wrote*TheMetamorphosis*4.FranzKafkad.Wrote*MrsDalloway*5.SamuelBeckette.Wrote*WaitingforGodot*参考答案：1-b,2-d,3-a,4-c,5-e匹配题121.Sartrea.Wrote*TheSecondSex*2.Camusb.Wrote*Orientalism*3.Beauvoirc.Wrote*BeingandNothingness*4.Foucaultd.Wrote*TheStranger*5.Saide.Wrote*MadnessandCivilization*参考答案：1-c,2-d,3-a,4-e,5-b匹配题131.Socratesa.Wrote*TheRepublic*2.Platob.TutorofAlexandertheGreat3.Aristotlec.Drankhemlock4.Epicurusd.Taughtth