课文内容解析课件

课文内容解析课件DeatialedstudyofthetextParagraph1Whatdoyouthinkoftheauthor’schoiceofthesceneandthewordsinPara、1?Whatcanwelearn?Theauthor’schoiceofadramaticsceneandthesimplewordsimpliesmuchmorethanwhatappearsonthesurface、Wecanseepovertyoftheplaceandunsanitaryconditionofthecity

1)dirty2)poorParagraph1inacloud:alargenumberofsmallthingsmovingthroughtheairasamass、一团

e、g、acloudoflocusts/insects

那些汽车在滚滚尘埃中启动了。

Thecarssetoffin

a

cloudofdust、

Paragraph2WhatcanwelearnbyreadingPara、2?HowdeadpeopleareburiedinMarrakech、----Avividpictureofthepovertyoftheplace、Howdoestheauthorpresentthepicture?Throughafewstrokesofhismaster-pen---mournerswailingachant,corpseswrappedinapieceofrag,carriedonaroughwoodenbier,friendshackingashallowhole,dumpingthebodyinit,flingingsomedried-upearthoverit,nogravestone…Thefactshowsthehumanlifehasnovalueatall、Paragraph2HowdoyouthinkoftheuseofsomewordsinPara、2?Theuseofwordslike“theflies”,“apieceofrag”,“roughwoodenbier”,…repeatsforcefullythethemeofPara、1、Theuseofwordslike“hack,dump,fling,nogravestone,noname,noidentifyingmark,…”indicatestheunceremoniouswayinwhichafuneraliscarriedout、InapoorcountrylikeMorocco,lifeischeap、Para、2Theburying-groundismerelyahugewasteofhummockyearth,likeaderelictbuilding-lot、Theburying-groundisnothingmorethanahugepieceofwastelandfullofmoundsofearthlookinglikeadesertedandabandonedpieceoflandonwhichabuildingwasgoingtobeputup、CrowdItsuggests1)thelackoforder2)peoplearenotterriblyconcernedaboutthefuneral、

allmenandboys,nowomenAccordingtoMuslimlaw,Muslimsmustrespectwomen,andforthisreasongirlsandwomenusedtobekeptinthehouse,wheretheycouldbesafe、Whentheywentout,theyworetheveilstocovertheirfaces、Butthislawhasbeeakindofexcusetodiscriminateagainstwomen、Paragraph3WhatisthethemeofPara、3?Heexposestheevilsofimperialism、Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthisfact、Alltheimperialistsbuilduptheirempiresbytreatingthepeopleinthecolonieslikeanimals(bynottreatingthepeopleinthecoloniesashumanbeings)、

Itisthecolonialempiresthatmakethepeoplesopoor、Empiresarebuiltupbytreatingthepeopleinthecolonieslikeanimals、Thisthesisisgoingtobesupportedbymoreillustrationsandexamples、

Howdoestheauthorachievehispurpose?

Inacoolobjectivemannerinsteadofapreachy(说教得)andpropagandisticstyle、Neverthelessthereadercanseehisoutrageatthemiseryandsuffering、Paragraph3Howcanyouseehiscoolmanneranduncontrollableoutrage?Wecanseetheformerfromthestatementshemakesandthelatterfromastringofrhetoricalquestionsandbothfromhisuseofwords、theragstheystandupin:theragswhichtheyarewearingastheystandthereUndifferentiated:Youcan'tdifferentiateonebrownstufffromanother,becausetheylookjustthesame、

Iftheydohaveindividuality,itisirrecognizable,justlikeinsects,likebees、Theyriseout…ofthegraveyardTheyareborn、Thenforafewyearstheywork,toilandstarve、Finallytheydieandareburiedingraveswithoutaname、breakyourway:forceyourwayorpickyourway(becauseofthedensegrowthofthepricklypear)Para、3pricklypear:akindofcactuscoveredwithprickleshavingapear-shapedfruit(仙人掌果)

Whenoutforawalkpickingyourwaythroughthepricklypear,youmightfindthatthegroundisbumpy、Yourealizethatyouarewalkingoverskeletons、Youknowtheyaregravesonlybecausethebumpsappearinanevenpattern、Paragraph3WhatisthetenseusedinthisPara、?Whatdoesitmean?Thesituationdescribedstillexists、Para、5mintsauce:anEnglishspecialitymadeofabinationofchoppedmintleaves,vinegar,andwater、It'straditionallyservedwithroastlamb、Assoonasyoulookatthehindlegsofthegazelles,youwillthinkofthedeliciousmintsaucethatyouwouldwanttodipitinwheneatingit、Paragraph7Whatcanyoulearnfromtheemployee’ssituation?Orwhatistheauthor’sintentionbehindthesentence“Thismanisanemployeeofthemunicipality”?Thepovertyofthepeople、Evenanemployedlaborergoesstarving,soyoucanimagineforyourselftheplightofthepoorerpeople、stowtoput,hideawayinsafeplace

Ifyoustowsth、somewhere,youputitneatlyawayinaplacewhereitcanbekeptuntilitisneeded、

=store

stowaway=hidestowWestowedalltheboxesintheattic、Potatoesmustbestowedinacooldarkplace、Myjewelleryissafelystowedawayinthebank、Hisbaggagewassafelystowedawayintheplane、Paragraphs8-15WhatisthemainideaofPara、8-15?TheplightoftheJews,anoppressedminorityinacolonialcountry、Theirfatecouldbeworsethanthatofthenatives、Howdoestheauthorrealizehisidea?BydescribingJews’crowdedandunsanitarylivingcircumstances,badworkingconditions,frenziedrushandclamorforacigarette,andthenatives’hostileattitudetotheJews、Para、8Quartersapartment(room/house)

residentialareaforparticularkindofpeoplethedoctor'squartersservantsquartersofficers'quarterssleepingquartersconfinedtoquartersPara、8ghettoesorghettos:Aghettoisapartofatownorcityinwhichmanypoorpeopleormanypeopleofaparticularrace,religion,ornationalityliveinisolationfromthemajoritygroupinthetownorcity、OrwellusesghettoshereinthetraditionalsenseofaportionofacitypopulatedalmostexclusivelybyJews、Aghettoalsoimpliesthatthepeopleinitarerestrictedonlytothatareaandarenotpermittedtoliveelsewhere、sore-eyedEyesareinfectedfrom

1、malnutrition

2、lackofmedicalcare

3、unhygienicconditionPara、9Infest(oftenfollowedby`with'orusedinbination)Wheninsects,ratsorotheranimalsinfestaplant,area,theyspreadinalargenumbersandcoverthearea,usuallycausingdamage、overrun;swarm;pack;crowd;teem;flood;fill;bethickwithThebackyardwasinfestedwithrats、watersinfestedwithsharksInfestusedwithsomenounstomakeadjectivesmeaningfullofsomethingharmfulorunpleasant:

arat-infestedhouse

acrime-infestedcityshark-infestedwatersfly-infested---fullofflies

Paragraph9Acarpentersitscross-leggedataprehistoriclathe,turningchair-legsatlightningspeed、Sittingwithhislegscrossedandusingaveryold-fashionedlathe,acarpenterquicklygivesaroundshapetothechair-legsheismaking、warp:bend,curve,ortwistoutofshape

Thehotsunwarpedtheboards、Somegramophonerecordswarpinveryhotweather、

Para、9

thanksto、、、outofshape

Becauseofsittinginafixedpositionovertheyearsandbecauseofusinghisleftfoottocontrolthechiselwhileturningchair-legs,hisleftleghasbeedeformed、Para、10frenzied–adj、fullofuncontrolledexcitementWillthispushhimtoofarandleadtoafrenziedattack?(疯狂攻击)Shewasclimbingnowwithasortoffrenziedhaste、(她这时带着一股疯狂劲头快速向上攀登)afrenziedmobofoverathousandbeggars(狂乱暴徒)makefrenziedefforts(拼命挣扎)

self-contained----

selfsufficient

Aself-containedmunityisoneinwhichallornearlyalltheneedsofthemunityaremetfromwithin、Thereislittleneedtogooutsideformaterialorculturaldesires、TheJewishghettosareself-containednotonlybypreferencebutalsobynecessity,sinceJewsmayhavebeenunweleoutside、

self-contained1a

:pleteinitself:INDEPENDENT<aself-containedmachine><aself-containedprogramofstudy>b

:BUILT-IN<alecternwithaself-containedlightfixture>

2a

:showingself-controlb

:formalandreservedinmanner

Paragraph11It’sagoodjob(colloquialBrE、)It’sagoodthing(AmE、):Itisafortunatestateofaffairs,itisfortunate、Itisagoodjob/thingithappenedhereratherthanontheopenroad、AgoodjobHitlerwasn'thereItwasluckyfortheJewsthatHitlerhadnotetothisplace、Ifhehad,theJewswouldhavebeenexterminatedastheywereinPolandandotherEuropeancountries、That'sonlyforshow!TheJewonlypretendstoworkasapoorlabourer、

show---n、sthfalseorsuperficial,pretenceHispublicexpressionsofgriefarenothingbutshow、她公开表示悲痛只不过就是做做样子而已、她得自我批评不就是摆样子得。Hisself-criticismwasnotmadefor

show、asquaremeal:adecentsubstantialmeal

punishmentsforbeingawitchHangingwasthemostpopularinAmerica、InEurope,mostpeopleaccusedofwitchcraftwereburnedatthestake、Therewereseveraloddpunishments,suchasbeingpressedtodeath,(havinglargestonesplacedonthechesttowithdrawaconfession),peopleweretiedupandthrownintolakes,(iftheyfloatedtheywereawitch,iftheydidn'ttheywereinnocent,butdrownedanyway),theyweretorturedwithhotirons,(mainlytothebottomsofthefeet),theywerestretched,hungupsidedown,stuckwithneedles,andshovedinironmaidens、

Witcheswereeventorturedintheirdeaths,notaffordedaquickandsanitarydemise,themajorityofwitcheswereburntatthestake,thoughagreatmanywerestrangledorgarrotedbeforeburning、Thistorturousdeath,inBritain,wasusedonlyforwomenwhomittedoneofthetwomostunforgivableacts,treasonorwitchcraft、InhisSalemWitchcraft,W、F、PooleestimatesthedeathtollofwitchesinEuropeduringthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturiesisabout200,000、Thewitchhuntsweresorampant,MontagueSummersreportsinhisGeographyofWitchcraft,"Intheyear1586thedioceseofTrierwassoscouredandpurgedofsorcerersandwitchesthatintwovillagesonlytwowomenwereleftalive"、WitchcraftOrwellisprobablyreferringtomanyoccasionsinthe1600'sinbothEnglandandAmericawheninnocentwomenweretriedandoftenburnedorotherwisepunishedforwitchcraft、Bytheverynatureofthechargeitwasimpossiblefortheaccusedtodefendherself,justasitwasfortheJews、AndliketheJews,witchesservedasscapegoatsfortheillsofsocietythatcouldn'tbeexplained、SuchtrialsreachedtheirpeakinAmericaatSalem,Massachusetts、Injustthesameway…asquaremealJewswerenowbeingcondemnedbyprejudiceandignoranceassomepooroldwomenwhocouldnotevengetthemselvesadecentmealwerecondemnedandburnedforwitchcraft、Paragraphs16-18WhatisdescribedinPara16-18?ThehardworkingbutinvisiblepeopleanddifficultcultivationofthepoorsoilWhattonedoestheauthoruseinPara16and17?Bitterandironic、

Insteadofopenlyblamingthewhitecolonialistswhodonotpaytheleastattentiontothepeoplewhosufferfrompovertyandhungerandmisery,hepretendsthattheyhaveasoundreasontoignoresuchpeoplewhosimplycannotbeseenbecausetheyareofthecolorofearth、

Inahotcountry…Youdon’tevenseethelabourerploughingthefield、SouthofGibralter---allcountriesorareainNorthAfricaEastofSuez---themiddle-eastAsiancountrieschancesare…:itislikelythat;inallprobability;probably大概就是,很可能就是Chancesareshe'salreadyheardthenews、可能她已经知道这消息了。很可能她要来、Thechances

arethatshe'llbeing、Inatropicallandscapeone’seyetakesineverythingexceptthehumanbeingsIfyoutakealookatthenaturalsceneryinatropicalregion,youseeeverythingbutthehumanbeings、Para、17Itisonlybecauseofthis…“This”herestandsforthefactthatpeoplealwaysmissthepeasantslabouringinthefieldsbecausetheyhavethecolouroftheearth、Itisonlybecauseofthisreasonthatthesepoorstarvedcountriesareacceptedastouristresorts、Paragraph17NoonewouldthinkofrunningcheaptripstotheDistressedAreas:Noonewouldthinkoforganizingcheaptripsforthetouriststovisitthepoorslumareas(forthesetripswouldnotbeinteresting)、WhatdoesMoroccomean、、、MoroccobeingaFrenchcolony,tomanyFrenchmenMoroccohasnomoremeaningthanaplacewheretheymightfindagovernmentjob,buyanorangegrovewiththeirmoneyorinvesthismoney、ToanEnglishmanMoroccomeansnothingbutaromantic,mysteriouscountrywhichhehasreadinthenovels、Camels,castlesaretheromanticbitsinhismindbythenovels、…fornine-tenthsofthepeopletherealityoflifeisanendlessback-breakingstruggletowringalittlefoodoutofanerodedsoil:…lifeisveryhardforninetypercentofthepeople、Withhardbackbreakingtoiltheycanproducealittlefoodonthepoorsoil、Orwellisverycleverlyrevealinginthesetwoparagraphstherealinnerworkingsofthecolonialists'mentality、Suchpeopletaketheirownpresumedsuperioritysomuchforgrantedandit'ssodeepwithinthemthattheyliterallydon'tevenseethewretchedpeopleofthethirdworldandaresoinsensitivethattheyactuallytreatthosecountriesastouristresortswheretheyvacationandenjoythemselvesoblivioustothesufferingallaroundthem、erodewearaway;eatinto

Ifrockorsoilerodesoriserodedbytheweather,seaorwind,itcracksandbreakssothatitisgraduallydestroyed、

Rainandriverserodedthesoftsand-stones、Para、18Desolatebarren;(ofaplace)inaruinedandneglectedstate

1、aplacethatisdesolateisemptyandlookssadbecausetherearenopeoplethere

Afterthewarthetownwasadesolateplace、

2、someonewhoisdesolatefeelsverysadandlonely

Shehasbeendesolatesincelosingherjob、

v、Thelandwasdesolatedbyfloods、

Weweredesolatedbythedeathofourgoodfriend、

Para、18Thisisasmuch…equaltoTheanimalsyokedtotheploughhadjustenoughstrengthtoploughthesoiltoadepthofaboutfourinches、Theycouldnotmakedeeperfurrows、getattoreachMarrakechisverydry、Evenatadepthof30or40feetthereisonlybutatrickleofwater、Para、19-20

MiserablelifeofoldwomenThewriterisdescribingobjectivelythephysicalappearanceoftheoldwoman,yethisangeresthrough、Noticehischoiceofwords、(old;mummified;tiny;shrinktothesizeofchildren;reducedtobones;leatheryskin;bentdouble…)Paragraph19Isupposethat…Theauthorgavetheoldwomanalittlemoney、Theresponsewasashrillwailforshewasgreatlysurprised、Theoldwomanwasfullyaccustomedtohermiserableexistenceandtonotbeingtakennoticeofbyanyone,soshealmostconsideredtheauthortobedoingsomethingunnaturalbygivingherthemoney、Sheacceptedherstatusasanoldwoman,thatistosayasabeastofburden:Shetookitforgrantedthatasanoldwomanshewasthelowestinthemunity,thatshewasonlyfitfordoingheavyworklikeananimal、

para、20Whydoestheauthorexpatiateonthemiserablefateofthedonkeys?Toarousethereaders’sympathyandanger、Aretheiranysimilaritiesbetweenthedonkeysandtheoldwomen?Whatarethey?DonkeyandWomanBothareoverloaded、Botharewillingcreatures、Botharesmall、Bothareill-treated、Bothhaveanmiserableend、parison

Aretheiranysimilaritiesbetweenthedonkeysandthenativepeople?Whatarethey?---Bothareobedient---Botharedevoted(despitecrueltreatment)---Bothhaveanmiserableend、(donkeythrowntothedogs,humansthrownintoanamelessgrave、Para、21DonkeyandWoman/humansVisibleInvisibleImplication---Women/humansareworsetreated、ContrastPara、20Infuriatev、fillwithfuryorrage

outrage;aggravate;enrage;provokePara、20

whereupon

(formal)usedwhensomethinghappensimmediatelyaftersomethingelse,orasaresultofsomethinghappening

Sherefusedtohandoverhermoney,whereupontherewasafight、她瞧到我来,于就是把座位让给了我。Hesawmeing,whereuponheofferedmehisseat、Paragraph21Peoplewithbrownskinsarenextdoortoinvisible:Peoplewithbrownskinsarealmostinvisiblenextdoorto:She'sintheroomnextdoortoherparents、她住在她父母隔壁得那个房间。Heisnext

door

toanidiot、她简直就是个白痴。这病人差不多要死了。Thesickmanwasnext

door

todeath、Paragraphs22-26WhatisthemainideaofPara22-26?Degradation/humblenessofthenativepeopleHowdoestheauthorputforwardhisidea?Byacontrastbetweenthesoldiers(infantry)andthestorksandaparisonbetweenthesoldiers(infantry)andcattlethesoldiersandthestorksThepassiveplodding,earth­boundblackssouthward)arecontrastedwiththeglitteringwhitebirds(theirwhitemasters;northward)sogreat,pureandloftywhosailabovetheminthesky、Whiletheformerareweigheddownbyheavypacks,aresweatingandunfortablyhot,thelatterarefreetosoarunfetteredinthecoolskyabove、Symbolwhitebird/scrapsofpaper---symbolicoffreedomthesoldiersandcattleThesoldiers:passiveplodding,earthbound,weigheddownbyheavypacks,sweating,unfortablyhot,likecattlewhodonotaskingquestionsandfollowtheirmastersblindlyParagraphs22-26Descriptionoftheblacktroopsingeneralandoneblacksoldierindividually、Itwon'tbelongforthewhitepeopletokeeptheseblackpeopleinignorance、clumpandclatteronomatopoeiawordsdescribingthesoundofbootsandironwheelsastheymovedovertheroad、Paragraph22Theirsplendidbodieswerehiddeninreach-me-downkhakiuniformsTheSenegalesesoldierswerewearingready-madekhakiuniformswhichhidtheirbeautifulwell-builtbodies、

reach-me-down:(BrE、colloquial)second-handorready-madeclothes、hand-me-down(AmE、)Isawhowitwas、Iunderstandthereasonwhy、ThisistheresultofcolonizationPara、24Thiswretchedboy…、Thismiserableblackboyis,asaresultofthecolonizationofhiscountry,aFrenchcitizen、Thereforehehasbeenforcedtoleavehishomeintheforestandetoagarrisontownwherehehastodohardlaboursuchasscrubbingfloorsforthewhitesandwherehewillcatchsyphilis、Howeverthisboy,insteadofhatingthewhites,hasdeeprespectforthem、Paragraph25inthis/thatconnection(formal):whilespeakingofsuchthings;

inthiscase、Whilespeakingofsuchthings(whilespeakingoftheonethoughtwhicheverywhitemanthinks…)Itisthe100thanniversaryofhisdeath、Weherearehavingverygreatcelebrationsinthisconnection、Itdoesn’tmattertwopence:Itdoesn’tmatterabit、Itdoesn’tmatteratall、Howlongbeforetheyturntheirgunsintheotherdirection?Howmuchlongerbeforetheyturntheirgunsaroundandattackus?Paragraph26Everywhitemantherehadthisthoughtstowedsomewhereorotherinhismind、Everywhiteman,theonlookers,theofficersontheirhorsesandthewhiteN、C、Os、marchingwiththeblacksoldiers,hadthisthoughthiddensomewhereorotherinhismind、

chargers:horsesriddeninbattleoronparadeN、C、O、:nonmissionedofficers军士,士官columnAcolumnisagroupofpeopleoranimalswhichmovesinalongline;alongmovinglineofpeopleorthings

Therewerereportsofcolumnsofmilitaryvehiclesappearingonthestreets、

filelineofpeoplewhoarestandingorwalkingonebehindtheother

asoldiersmarchinginstep

(步伐整齐)alineofpeopleorthings,onebehindtheother:Theysetoffintheteacher、

Thecausesoftheirpoverty1、Colonialization

"Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthisfact"

(para、1;17)2、Racialdiscrimination

"Thepeoplehavebrownfaces--besidestherearesomanyofthem"(para、3)

"Heisthesamecolourastheearth,…"(para、16)3、Blackpeople'signorance

Heshowedhisprofoundrespecttohisenemy、

"He、、、hasfeelingsofreverencebeforeawhiteskin"

"OnlytheNegroesdidn'tknowit“4、PoornaturalconditionsLanguage1、simplewords,simplestatementstoconveydeepermeaning2、theuseofrhetoricalquestionswhichisveryeffectiveinconveyinghisanger3、terse

(精练得)

,lucid(明白易懂得)

prosestyle、4、gooddiction

(措辞)

ExerciseVI1、chant:wordsrepeatedinamonotonoustoneofvoice2、navvy:abbreviationof“navigator”,aBritishwordmeaninganunskilledlaborer,asoncanals,roads,etc、3、Stow:putorhideawayinasafeplace

4、warp:bend,curve,ortwistoutofshape

5、self-contained:self-sufficient;havingwithinoneselforitselfallthatisnecessary6、wretched:poorinquality,veryinferior7、mummified:thinandwithered,lookinglikeamummy

8、reach-me-down:(Britishcolloquialism)second-handorready-madeclothing9、charger:ahorseriddeninbattleoronparade

ExerciseVII1、Cryimpliestheexpressionofgrief,sorrow,painordistressbymakingmournful,convulsivesoundsandsheddingtears;weepmorespecificallystressesthesheddingoftears;tosobistoweepaloudwithacatchinthevoiceandshortgaspingbreaths;wailimpliestheutteringofloud,prolongedmournfulcriesinunsuppressedlamentation;towhimperistocrywithsubdued,whining,brokensounds,asafearfulorfrightenedchilddo