高考英语高频短语及固定搭配备忘

高考英语高频短语及固定搭配备忘在高考英语的备考过程中，短语及固定搭配的积累与运用是提升阅读理解、完形填空以及书面表达能力的关键环节。它们如同英语语言中的“积木”，掌握得越扎实，语言运用就越灵活、准确。本文将梳理高考英语中出现频率较高的短语及固定搭配，助力同学们系统复习，查漏补缺。一、核心动词短语动词短语是高考考查的重中之重，其含义往往并非单个词含义的简单叠加，需要特别记忆和灵活运用。1.以"break"为核心*breakdown:出故障；（身体、精神）垮掉；分解*Hishealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.*breakin/into:闯入；打断（谈话）*Thievesbrokeintothehouselastnight.*Hebrokeinwhilewewerediscussingtheplan.*breakout:（战争、火灾等）爆发*Abigfirebrokeoutintheforest.*breakup:打碎；（关系）破裂；（会议等）结束*Theirfriendshipbrokeupduetomisunderstanding.2.以"bring"为核心*bringabout:导致；引起*Newtechnologieshavebroughtaboutgreatchangesinourlife.*bringup:养育；提出（问题等）*Shewasbroughtupbyhergrandparents.*Hebroughtupanimportantissueatthemeeting.*bringout:出版；使显现3.以"call"为核心*callfor:需要；要求；提倡*Thissituationcallsforimmediateaction.*calloff:取消*callon/upon:拜访（某人）；号召*Icalledonmyformerteacheryesterday.*Thepresidentcalledonthepeopletounite.*Icameacrossanoldphotointhedrawer.*Shecameupwithagoodsolutiontotheproblem.*Thebillcameto100yuan.*Whenhecameto,hefoundhimselfinahospital.5.以"get"为核心*getalong/onwith:与……相处；进展*Howareyougettingalongwithyournewclassmates?*HowareyougettingonwithyourEnglishstudy?*getawaywith:做坏事而不受惩罚*getdownto:开始认真做某事*It'stimetogetdowntowork.*getover:克服（困难）；从（疾病、失望）中恢复过来*Shefinallygotoverhershyness.6.以"give"为核心*giveaway:赠送；泄露（秘密）*Hegaveawaymostofhismoneytocharity.*givein:屈服；让步*Don'tgiveintodifficulties.*giveup:放弃*Nevergiveupyourdreams.7.以"look"为核心*lookafter:照顾；照料*lookforwardto:期待；盼望（to为介词，后接名词或动名词）*I'mlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.*lookinto:调查*Thepolicearelookingintothecase.*lookup:查阅（词典等）；抬头看*Lookupthenewwordsinadictionary.8.以"make"为核心*makeadifference:有影响；起作用*makealiving:谋生*makeup:组成；编造；化妆；弥补*makeupone'smind:下定决心*Haveyoumadeupyourmindwheretogo?9.以"put"为核心*putaway:放好；储存*putdown:放下；记下；镇压*putforward:提出（建议等）*putupwith:忍受；容忍*Ican'tputupwithhisbadtemperanylonger.10.以"take"为核心*takeadvantageof:利用*YoushouldtakeadvantageofthisopportunitytopracticeyourEnglish.*takecareof:照顾；处理*takechargeof:负责；掌管*takeeffect:生效；起作用*takeforgranted:认为……理所当然*Don'ttakeyourparents'loveforgranted.*takeoff:（飞机）起飞；脱下（衣服）；（事业等）腾飞*takepartin:参加*takeup:开始从事；占据（时间、空间）二、常用介词短语介词短语在句中可作定语、状语、表语等，是构建复杂句式的基础。1.表示时间与方位*inadvance:提前*intime:及时*ontime:准时*atonce:立刻；马上*intheend:最后；终于*bytheendof:到……结束时（常与完成时连用）*infrontof:在……前面（外部）*inthefrontof:在……前部（内部）*inthemiddleof:在……中间2.表示原因、方式与伴随*becauseof:因为（后接名词或名词性短语）*insteadof:代替；而不是*incaseof:万一；如果发生*intermsof:就……而言；在……方面*bymeansof:通过……方式*alongwith:与……一起*togetherwith:和……一起3.其他常用介词短语*inaddition:此外；另外*inadditionto:除……之外（还有）*asaresult:结果*asaresultof:由于……的结果*onthecontrary:相反*onaverage:平均而言*ingeneral:一般来说*inparticular:尤其；特别*inpublic:公开地*inperson:亲自三、常用句型与搭配掌握固定句型和搭配，能有效提升书面表达的规范性和地道性。1."It"相关句型*Itis/was+adj.+(forsb.)+todosth.:（对某人来说）做某事是……的*ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.*Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.:某人做某事真是太……了（adj.多修饰人品质）*Itiskindofyoutohelpme.*Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分:强调句型*ItwasyesterdaythatImethim.*Itseems/appears(tosb.)that...:（在某人看来）似乎……*Ithappensthat...:碰巧……2.非谓语动词相关搭配*spendtime/money(in)doingsth.:花费时间/金钱做某事*havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.:做某事有困难*prevent/stop/keepsb.fromdoingsth.:阻止某人做某事*beusedtodoingsth.:习惯于做某事*usedtodosth.:过去常常做某事*lookforwardtodoingsth.:期待做某事*payattentiontodoingsth.:注意做某事*devote...todoingsth.:致力于做某事3.连词及固定搭配*so...that...:如此……以至于……*such...that...:如此……以至于……（such后接名词）*too...to...:太……而不能……*notonly...butalso...:不仅……而且……*either...or...:要么……要么……*neither...nor...:既不……也不……*as...as...:和……一样……*aslongas:只要*evenif/though:即使*inorderthat/sothat:为了；以便4.动词与介词/副词的固定搭配*agreewith:同意（某人观点）；（食物、气候等）适合*agreeto:同意（计划、建议等）*dependon/upon:依靠；取决于*insiston:坚持（做某事）*apologizetosb.forsth.:因某事向某人道歉*blamesb.forsth.:因某事责备某人*chargesb.withsth.:指控某人某事*congratulatesb.onsth.:祝贺某人某事备考建议1.理解记