应用型大学英语综合教程基础篇1（第六版）课件汇 叶秀娟 U1 A Brand New Start -U4 The Sound of Music

Unit1ABrandNewStartLanguagePointsWordsandPhrasesTograspthewordsandphrasesrelevanttoeducationandcollegelife.WordBuildingTograspthewordformationwiththesuffix“-ful”.GrammarTograspthebasicknowledgeofnouns.SkillsReadingSkillToguessunknownwordsproperly.WritingSkillTowritesentenceswithproperuseofdifferentlevelsofwords.s.LiteracyTofosterapositiveandproactiveattitudetowardscollegelife,emphasizingtheimportanceoftimemanagement,goalsetting,andpersonalresponsibility.Toembraceculturaldiversityinnewexperiences.TointroducetheuniqueChineseculturalconceptof“perseveranceinthefaceofadversity”toaforeignfriend.PartOneWarm-up(1)Itisnormalforstudentstofeelanxiousduringthetransitiontocollegelife.(2)Collegeisprimarilyaplaceforstudentstofocusonlyontheirstudies.(3)Tosucceedincollege,studentsshouldtrytostudyhardalone.(4)Effectivetimemanagementisnecessaryforbalancingstudiesandsociallife.(5)Participatinginsocialeventsisawasteoftimeforfreshmen.(6)Basiclifeskillshelpliveindependently.(7)Studentsareencouragedtoseekhelpfromprofessorswhentheyhavedifficultiesintheirstudies.(8)Studentsshouldavoidbuildingrelationshipswithpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.1.Listentothepassageanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).(

)(

)(

)(

)(

)(

)(

)(

)TFFTFTTFPartOneWarm-upScript:

Thetransitiontocollegemarksasignificantmilestoneinastudent’slife,filledwithexcitement,anticipation,and,inevitably,abitofanxiety.Adaptingtocollegelifeinvolvesnavigatingnewacademicchallenges,buildingasocialnetwork,andmanagingpersonalresponsibilities—allwhilestrivingtomakethemostofthecollegeexperience.

Herearesomepracticaltipsforfreshmentoensureasmoothtransitiontocollegelife,focusingonacademic,social,andpersonaladjustments.

Tobeginwith,collegecoursesoftencomewithincreasedcomplexityandworkloadcomparedtohighschool.Tothriveacademically,youneedtodevelopeffectivestudyhabits,establisharegularstudyschedule,findaconducivestudyenvironment,andutilizestudygroups.Don’thesitatetoseekhelpfromprofessorsifyou’restrugglingwithcoursework.Familiarizeyourselfwiththelibrary,onlinedatabases,andanyotheracademicresourcesprovidedbyyourinstitution.Thesetoolsareinvaluableforresearchandprojectwork.

Besides,collegeisnotjustaboutacademics;it’salsoanopportunitytomeetpeoplefromdiversebackgroundsandbuildlastingrelationships.Joiningclubs,organizations,orsportsteamsisafantasticwaytomeetpeoplewithsimilarinterests.Whetherit’sadebateclub,acommunityservicegroup,oracollegiatesport,involvementinextracurricularactivitiesenrichesyourcollegeexperience.Participateinsuchgatheringsaswelcomeweekactivities,workshops,andsocialevents,whicharedesignedtohelpnewstudentsintegrateintothecollegecommunity.PartOneWarm-up

Additionally,effectivetimemanagementiscrucialforbalancingacademicobligationswithsocialactivitiesandpersonaltime.Tocreateabalancedschedule,youcanuseaplannerordigitalcalendartokeeptrackofyouracademicdeadlines,extracurricularactivities,andpersonalcommitments.Ensureyouallocatetimeforself-careactivities,suchasexercise,hobbies,andrelaxation.Maintainingyourphysicalandmentalhealthiskeytoasuccessfulcollegeexperience.

What’smore,collegeisatimetodevelopindependenceandself-reliance,preparingyouforlifeaftergraduation.Youcouldlearnbasiclifeskillslikecooking,laundry,budgeting,andtimemanagement,allofwhichareessentialforlivingindependently.Beopentonewideas,perspectives,andchallenges.Collegeisanidealtimetoexploreinterestsanddiscovernewpassions.

Inshort,transitioningtocollegelifeisajourneyofpersonalandacademicgrowth,andit’snormaltofacechallengesalongtheway,butwiththerightapproach,youcanthriveinyourcollegeyears.PartOneWarm-up(1)Whatdoyouthinkarethedifferencesbetweencollegeandhighschool?(2)Whatareyougoingtodotoadjusttocollegelife?2.Answerthefollowingquestions.Collegecoursesaremorecomplexanddemandingthanthoseinhighschool.Academically:Developeffectivestudyhabits,establisharegularstudyschedule,findaconducivestudyenvironment,utilizestudygroups,seekhelpfromprofessors,andfamiliarizeyourselfwithacademicresources(library,onlinedatabases).Socially:Joinclubs,organizations,orsportsteamstomeetpeople;participateinwelcomeweekactivities,workshops,andsocialevents.Personally:Practiceeffectivetimemanagementusingplanners/digitalcalendars;allocatetimeforself-care(exercise,hobbies,relaxation);learnbasiclifeskills(cooking,laundry,budgeting).PartOneWarm-up(3)Doyouthinkdevelopingindependenceisessentialforfreshmen?Whyorwhynot?(4)Howcanjoiningclubsorsportsteamshelpfreshmenenrichtheircollegeexperience?2.Answerthefollowingquestions.Yes,becausecollegeisacrucialtimetodevelopindependenceandself-reliance,whichpreparesstudentsforlifeaftergraduation.Learningbasiclifeskillslikecooking,laundry,budgeting,andtimemanagementisessentialforlivingindependently.Joiningclubs,organizations,orsportsteamshelpsfreshmento:Meetpeoplefromdiversebackgroundsandbuildlastingrelationships;connectwithpeoplewhohavesimilarinterest;enrichtheircollegeexperiencethroughinvolvementinextracurricularactivities.PartOneWarm-up(5)Inwhatwayscanfreshmenexplorenewinterestsduringcollegeyears?2.Answerthefollowingquestions.Freshmencanexplorenewinterestsbybeingopentonewideas,perspectives,andchallenges,andcollegeisanidealtimeforthisexploration.Theycanjoinvariousclubsorsportsteams,attendworkshops,andparticipateinsocialevents,astheseactivitiesnaturallyexposethemtonewthingsandhelpthemdiscovernewpassions.PartOneWarm-up(

)(1)academic(

)(2)allocate(

)(3)essential(

)(4)milestone(

)(5)navigate(

)(6)transition3.Matchthewordswiththeirexplanations.a.tofindacoursethrough;tomanagesuccessfullyb.of(teachingorlearningin)schools,colleges,etc.c.necessary;indispensable;mostimportantd.changingfromonestateorconditiontoanothere.animportantevent,asinachild'sdevelopment,thehistoryofanation,etc.f.toallotorassignsth(tosb/sth)foraspecialpurposebfceadPartTwoIntensiveReadingTextANavigatingtheFreshStart:AGuideforFreshersJoiningCollege❶Startingcollegeisasignificantstepforfreshers,filledwithexcitementandchallenges.It’satransitiontoindependenceandachanceforpersonalandacademicgrowth.Here’showfresherscanmakethemostoftheircollegeexperience.❷

EmbraceNewExperiences.Collegeisallaboutnewbeginnings.Freshersmayfeeloverwhelmedbynewsurroundingsandresponsibilities.Butstayingopentonewexperiencesiscrucial.Becuriousandtrynewthings,likejoiningclubsorexploringdifferentstudymethods.Thefirstfewweeksareaboutgettingcomfortableandfindingyourownrhythm.开启新征程：大学新生指南开始大学生活是新生们的重要一步，充满了兴奋与挑战。这是迈向独立的过渡阶段，也是个人成长与学术提升的契机。以下是大学新生如何充分利用大学时光的建议。拥抱新体验。大学处处是新的开始。新生们可能会因陌生的环境和全新的责任而感到不知所措，但保持开放的心态接受新体验至关重要。要保持好奇心，勇于尝试新事物，比如加入社团或探索不同的学习方法。最初的几周主要是适应环境，找到自己的节奏。PartTwoIntensiveReadingPartTwoIntensiveReading❸

BuildConnections.Therelationshipsyouformincollegecanbeveryimportant.Stepoutofyourcomfortzoneandmeetnewpeople,includingroommates,classmates,andprofessors.Engagein

groupprojectsandsocialevents.Theseconnectionscanleadtolifelongfriendshipsandvaluable

professionalcontacts.Embracethediversityofbackgroundsandperspectivesthatcollegeoffers.❹

ManageYourTime.Timemanagementisakeyskillincollege.Unlikehighschool,collegeschedulesarelessstructured,givingyoumorefreedombutalsomoreresponsibility.Setclearpriorities,createastudyroutine,anduseplannersorappstokeeptrackofassignmentsanddeadlines.Balancingacademicsandpersonallifewillhelpyoustayorganizedandreducestress.❺

StayTruetoYourself.Whilecollegeisatimeofexploration,it’simportanttostaygroundedinyourvaluesandgoals.Peerpressurecansometimesleadyouastray,sosetclearboundariesandfocusonwhatmatterstoyou.Don’tbeafraidtosaynotoactivitiesthatdon’talignwithyourlong-termplans.Stayingtruetoyourselfwillhelpyounavigatecollegewithconfidence.建立人际关系。在大学建立的人际关系可能会非常重要。走出你的舒适区，结识新朋友，包括室友、同学和教授。积极参与小组项目和社交活动，这些人际关系可能会发展成终生的友谊，也可能成为宝贵的职业人脉。要欣然接纳大学中多元背景和不同视角。管理好时间。时间管理是大学生活所需的一项关键技能。与高中不同，大学的日程安排没那么有条理，这给你更多自由，但也带来更多责任。设定明确的优先事项，制订学习计划，并使用日程规划工具或应用程序来记录作业和截止日期。平衡学业和个人生活将有助于你保持条理，减轻压力。坚持自我。虽然大学是一个探索的时期，但坚守自己的价值观和目标很重要。同伴压力有时会让你误入歧途，所以要设定明确的界限，专注于对自己重要的事情。勇敢拒绝那些不符合你长远规划的活动。坚持自我会让你更自信地度过大学时光。PartTwoIntensiveReadingPartTwoIntensiveReading❻

SeekSupportWhenNeeded.Collegecanbedemanding,andit’snormaltofacechallenges.Whetherit’sacademicstress,personalissues,oremotionalstruggles,don’thesitatetoseeksupport.Reachouttoprofessors,counselors,friends,orfamilywhenyouneedguidance.Manycollegesoffercounselingservicesandmentorshipprogramstohelpstudentsthroughtoughtimes.❼

Forfreshers,collegeisanewchapterfilledwithopportunities.Byembracingnewexperiences,buildingconnections,managingyourtime,stayingtruetoyourself,andseekingsupportwhenneeded,youcanthriveinyourfirstyear.Embracethisjourneywithanopenmindandapositiveattitude,andyou’lllayastrongfoundationforyourfuturesuccess.（389words）必要时寻求支持。大学生活可能充满压力，遇到挑战是很正常的。无论是学业压力、个人问题还是情感困扰，尽管去寻求支持。需要指导时，向教授、辅导员、朋友或家人寻求帮助。许多大学都提供咨询服务和导师计划，帮助学生度过难关。对新生们来说，大学是人生中一个充满机遇的新篇章。通过拥抱新体验、建立人际关系、管理时间、保持自我并在必要时寻求支持，你可以在大学的第一年茁壮成长。以开放的心态和积极的态度迎接这段旅程，你将为未来的成功打下坚实的基础。PartTwoIntensiveReadingPartTwoIntensiveReadingVocabularynavigate/ˈnævɪɡeɪt/v.顺利应对；成功度过；导航；指引方向；引导、驾驭transition/trænˈzɪʃn/n.过渡；转变；变迁；变革embrace/ɪmˈbreɪs/v.欣然接受；拥抱；包括overwhelm/ˌəʊvəˈwelm/v.使不知所措；压倒；淹没；击败surrounding/səˈraʊndɪŋ/n.（常用复数）环境；附近responsibility/rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/n.责任；职责；负责；义务rhythm/ˈrɪðəm/n.规律；节奏；韵律engage/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/v.参与；吸引住（注意力、兴趣）；雇用；聘用；从事；订婚diversity/daɪˈvɜːsəti/n.多样性；多样化；差异（性）；不同（点）perspective/pəˈspektɪv/n.观点；远景；景观；透视法WordstoKnowPartTwoIntensiveReadingVocabularyroutine/ruːˈtiːn/n.常规；例程；例行程序；正常顺序assignment/əˈsaɪnmənt/n.作业；任务；布置grounded/ˈɡraʊndɪd/adj.脚踏实地的；（对生活）持有理智和现实态度的astray/əˈstreɪ/adv.误入歧途地boundary/ˈbaʊndri/n.界限；边界；分界线；范围；疆界align/əˈlaɪn/v.与······一致；与······相符demanding/dɪˈmɑːndɪŋadj.要求高的；费力的；要求极严的counselor/ˈkaʊnsələ(r)/n.顾问；辅导员；咨询师counseling/ˈkaʊnsəlɪŋ/n.咨询；忠告；建议mentorship/ˈmentəʃɪp/n.指导；导师；师徒制；师友计划thrive/θraɪv/v.茁壮成长；繁荣；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达WordstoKnowPartTwoIntensiveReadingVocabularybecrucial(to)（对······）至关重要······findone’sownrhythm找到某人自己的节奏engagein参加；参与或从事（活动、讨论等）keeptrackof跟踪；记录或关注（某事物的进展）；保持联系；密切注意······的动向staytruetooneself做真实的自己；坚持自我；忠于自己，不随波逐流lead...astray使······误入歧途alignwith与······一致；与······结盟PhrasestoKnowPartTwoIntensiveReadingNotes1.Startingcollegeisasignificantstepforfreshers,filledwithexcitementandchallenges.(Para.1)译文

开始大学生活是新生们的重要一步，充满了兴奋与挑战。讲解“startingcollege”是动名词短语，作为句子的主语，表示“开始大学生活”这一行为。“asignificantstep”是一个常用的表达，意思是“重要的一步”，强调大学生活对新生来说是一个重要的转折点。“filledwith”是过去分词短语，作后置定语，修饰前面的名词“step”，表示“充满······的”。“excitementandchallenges”是并列的名词，表示大学生活既令人兴奋又充满挑战。PartTwoIntensiveReadingNotes2.Butstayingopentonewexperiencesiscrucial.(Para.2)译文但保持开放的心态接受新体验至关重要。讲解这句话强调了新生在大学中需要保持开放的心态。此句中“stayingopento...”是动名词短语作主语，表示“保持对新体验开放的态度”，“iscrucial”为系表结构，说明这种态度的重要性。动名词作主语，将行为名词化，突出该行为在句子中的核心地位。这是大学生活中适应新环境的重要建议。PartTwoIntensiveReadingNotes3.Stepoutofyourcomfortzoneandmeetnewpeople,includingroommates,classmates,andprofessors.(Para.3)译文走出你的舒适区，结识新朋友，包括室友、同学和教授。讲解“stepoutof...”意思是“走出······”，“comfortzone”表示“舒适区”，即你习惯的、感到舒适的环境，这是一个常见的鼓励人们突破自我的表达。“meetnewpeople”是动词短语，表示“结识新人”，这是大学生活中重要的社交活动之一。“including...”为介词短语作后置定语，对“newpeople”进行补充说明。PartTwoIntensiveReadingLanguagePointWordBuildingPartTwoIntensiveReadingLanguagePointWordBuildingExercisesFillintheblankswiththewordsgiveninbrackets.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)His_____________(success)careeristheresultofyearsofhardwork.(2)Despitethesetbacks,sheremained_____________(hope)thatherprojectwouldsucceed.(3)Be________(care)whenhandlingtheantiquevase—it’sveryfragile.(4)The_____________(beauty)sceneryofthemountainsleftadeepimpressiononus.(5)The_____________(help)volunteersspentthewholedaycleaningupthepark.successfulhopefulcarefulbeautifulhelpfulPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextATextSummaryChoosethebestwordforeachblankfromthelistgiveninthebox.A.positiveB.educatingC.peerD.successfullyE.balanceF.applyG.connectionsH.rhythmI.prioritiesJ.trueK.appointmentL.challengesM.completelyN.familiarO.embracing

Thearticleoffersvaluableadvicefornewcollegestudents.Itemphasizestheimportanceof(1)___________newexperiencesbytryingoutclubsanddifferentstudymethodstofindacomfortable(2)___________.Building(3)___________withroommates,classmates,andprofessorsiscrucialforforminglifelongfriendshipsandprofessionalcontacts.Effectivetimemanagement,includingsetting(4)___________andusingplanners,helps(5)___________academicsandpersonallife.Staying(6)___________tooneselfandsettingclearboundariesareessentialtoavoidbeingledastrayby(7)___________pressure.embracingrhythmconnectionsprioritiesbalancetruepeerPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextATextSummaryChoosethebestwordforeachblankfromthelistgiveninthebox.A.positiveB.educatingC.peerD.successfullyE.balanceF.applyG.connectionsH.rhythmI.prioritiesJ.trueK.appointmentL.challengesM.completelyN.familiarO.embracingSeekingsupportfromprofessors,counselors,orfamilywhenfacing(8)___________isalsoimportant.Byfollowingthesetips,fresherscannavigatecollege(9)___________,layastrongfoundationforfuturesuccess,andenjoythistransformativejourneywithanopenmindand(10)___________attitude.challengessuccessfullypositivePartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAReadingComprehension1.Readthepassagecarefullyanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T),false(F),ornotgiven(NG).(1)Collegeisdescribedasatimeofindependenceandpersonalgrowthforfreshers.(2)Freshersareadvisedtoavoidjoiningclubsortryingnewstudymethodstopreventfeelingoverwhelmed.(3)Buildingconnectionsincollegecanleadtolifelongfriendshipsandprofessionalopportunities.(4)Collegeschedulesaremorestructuredthanhighschoolones,makingtimemanagementeasier.(5)Peerpressureincollegecansometimesdistractstudentsfromtheirlong-termgoals.(6)Collegesdonotprovideanysupportservicesforstudentsfacingacademicoremotionalchallenges.(7)Stayingtruetooneselfinvolvessettingboundariesandfocusingonpersonalvaluesandgoals.(8)Thepassagesuggeststhatfreshersshouldavoidseekinghelpfromprofessorsorcounselors.(

)(

)(

)(

)(

)(

)(

)(

)TFTFTFTFPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAReadingComprehension2.Readthepassageagainandchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.(1)Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tocriticizethechallengesofcollegelife.

B.Todiscouragestudentsfromjoiningclubsorsocialevents.

C.Tocomparecollegelifewithhighschoollife.

D.Toprovideadviceforfreshersonhowtosucceedincollege.(2)Accordingtothepassage,whyisitimportantforfresherstoembracenewexperiences?

A.Becauseithelpsthemgetcomfortableandfindtheirownrhythm.

B.Becauseitenablesthemtoavoidmakingfriendsandfocusonlyonacademics.

C.Becauseitallowsthemtoignoretheirresponsibilitiesandhavefun.

D.Becauseitgivesthemanadvantageincompetingwithotherstudentsforbettergrades.PartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAReadingComprehension2.Readthepassageagainandchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.(3)Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutbuildingconnectionsincollege?

A.Connectionsareonlyusefulforacademicpurposes.

B.Studentsshouldavoidmeetingprofessorstomaintainindependence.

C.Relationshipsformedincollegecanleadtolifelongfriendships.

D.Buildingconnectionsislessimportantthanmanagingtime.(4)Howdoesthepassagedescribetimemanagementincollegecomparedwithhighschool?

A.Timemanagementisnotimportantincollege.

B.Collegeschedulesarelessstructured,requiringbettertimemanagementskills.

C.Collegeschedulesaremorestructuredthanhighschoolones.

D.Collegerequireslessresponsibilityandfreedomthanhighschool.PartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAReadingComprehension2.Readthepassageagainandchoosethebestanswerforeachquestion.(5)Whatadvicedoesthepassagegiveaboutdealingwithchallengesincollege?

A.Studentsshouldavoidseekinghelpandhandlechallengesalone.

B.Studentsshouldonlyrelyonfriendsforsupport.

C.Studentsshouldseeksupportfromotherswhenneeded.

D.Challengesincollegearerareandshouldnotbetakenseriously.PartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAWordsandPhrases1.Completethesentenceswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(1)Smallbusinessescan___________whentheyfocusoncustomersatisfactionandadapttomarkettrends.(2)Theteamplansto___________theremoteareasoftheAmazonrainforestnextyear.(3)Itisthegovernment’s___________toprovidecitizenswithbasichealthcareandeducation.(4)ClimbingMountQomolangma(珠穆朗玛峰)isoneofthegreatest___________foranymountaineer.(5)Travelingabroadoftenprovidesafresh___________onone'sowncultureandlifestyle.embracechallengecuriousresponsibilityexploreacademicpriorityconfidenceperspectivethrivethriveexploreresponsibilitychallengesperspectivePartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAWordsandPhrases1.Completethesentenceswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.(6)Thechildrenwere___________abouttheoldlegendstheirgrandmothertoldthem.(7)Thecommunitywarmly___________theideaofbuildinganewpark.(8)Theproposalsdeservesupportastheygive___________totheneedsofpoorfamilies.(9)Maryhasbeenworkinghardtoimproveher___________performancethroughoutthesemester.(10)Regularexercisenotonlykeepsyoufitbutalsoincreasesyour___________.embracechallengecuriousresponsibilityexploreacademicpriorityconfidenceperspectivethrivecuriousembracedpriorityacademicconfidencePartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAWordsandPhrases2.Choosethebestphrasetocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.(1)Theteacherencouragedhisstudentsto___________everylearningopportunitytoachievetheirgoals.

A.makefunof

B.makethemostof

C.makeupfor

D.makesenseof(2)Constantstresscan___________________serioushealthproblemssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdisease.

A.leadto

B.lookfor

C.takeover

D.turndownPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAWordsandPhrases2.Choosethebestphrasetocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.(3)Hisfatherusedto___________outdooractivitieslikehikingandfishing.

A.dependon

B.giveup

C.engagein

D.lookafter(4)Thecoach___________eachplayer’sperformancetomakeinformeddecisionsduringgames.

A.looksforwardto

B.runsoutof

C.getsridof

D.keepstrackof(5)Thehotlineallowspeopleincrisisto___________counselorsanonymously（匿名地）.

A.lookdownon

B.reachoutto

C.putupwith

D.breakawayfromPartTwoIntensiveReadingExercisesforTextAEnglishtoChineseTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Payattentiontothetipsinbrackets.(1)Collegefreshersshouldembracenewexperiencesbravely.（embrace迎接；拥抱）(2)Whilecollegeoffersnewopportunities,italsobringschallenges.（while虽然，尽管）(3)Stayingtruetoyourselfiscrucialduringcollegeyears.（stayingtruetooneself保持自我）(4)Whenfacingdifficulties,don'thesitatetoseeksupport.（seeksupport寻求支持）(5)Ifyouwanttoreducestress,you'dbetterbalanceyouracademicsandpersonallife.（reducestress减轻压力；balance平衡）大学新生应该勇敢地迎接新体验。大学虽然提供了新机遇，但也带来了挑战。在大学期间保持自我至关重要。当面临困难时，要毫不犹豫地去寻求支持（尽量去寻求支持）。如果你想减轻压力，你最好平衡好学业和个人生活。PartThreeExtensiveReadingReadingSkillFocus如何应对阅读中出现的生词在英语阅读中，生词是影响阅读效率的常见障碍。掌握科学的生词猜测方法，能帮助大家顺利推进阅读。下文将介绍三类实用技巧，助力提升英语阅读能力。

1.利用上下文线索：上下文线索是生词周围能提供词义暗示的单词或句子。比如：“Avegetarian,apersonwhodoesn’teatmeat,oftengetsproteinfrombeansandnuts.”这里的“apersonwhodoesn’teatmeat”就是对“vegetarian”的定义，通过这个解释，我们很容易知道“vegetarian”是“素食主义者”的意思。

PartThreeExtensiveReadingReadingSkillFocus

2.分析词缀：很多单词由前缀（prefix）、后缀（suffix）和词根（root/base）组成。前缀：很多前缀可以改变单词的意思。比如“un-”表示否定，“happy（开心的）”加上“un-”变成“unhappy（不开心的）”；“re-”有“重新”的含义，“write（写）”加上“re-”变成“rewrite（重写）”。后缀：后缀通常用来改变单词的词性。例如，“-tion”常把动词变成名词，“act（行动）”加上“-tion”变成“action（行动，行为）”；“-ful”表示“充满······的”，“care（关心）”加上“-ful”变成“careful（小心的，充满关心的）”。词根：词根是单词的核心部分，决定单词的基本含义。比如“bio-”表示“生命，生物”，所以“biology（生物学）”就是研究生物的学科；“tele-”表示“远”，“telephone（电话）”就是能远距离通话的工具。PartThreeExtensiveReadingReadingSkillFocus

3.借助常识和背景知识：我们在日常生活中积累的常识和背景知识也能帮助我们猜测生词。比如：“Thedoctorusedastethoscopetolistentothepatient’sheartbeat.”结合我们对医生工作的常识，知道医生听心跳会用到听诊器，所以可以猜出“stethoscope”是“听诊器”的意思。再如，“TheEiffelTower,aniconiclandmarkinParis,attractsmillionsoftouristseveryyear.”依据对巴黎著名景点的了解，能知道“EiffelTower”是“埃菲尔铁塔”。总之，阅读中遇到生词无需紧张。只要熟练运用上下文线索、词缀分析和常识推断这三类方法，并多加练习，就能有效应对生词障碍，稳步提升英语阅读能力。PartThreeExtensiveReadingATsinghuaStudent'sInspiringJourneyfromHumbleBeginnings❶ShanXiaolong,astudentfromahumblebackground,hascompletedhisundergraduatestudiesatTsinghuaUniversityandissettopursueaMaster'sdegreeinroboticsandartificialintelligence.Bornin1999inXijiCounty,Ningxia,Shangrewupinafarmingfamily.Hisfather'sbackinjuryandmother'schroniceyeailmentplungedthefamilyintofinancialdistress.Tosupporthisfamilyandfundhiseducation,Shanworkedpart-timeconstructionjobsduringsummervacations,earning200yuanperday.Healsoreceivedassistancefromgovernmentloansandcharitablefunds.TextB清华学子寒门励志求学路1999年，单小龙出生于宁夏西吉县，成长于一个农民家庭。父亲背部受伤，母亲患有慢性眼疾，使这个家庭陷入了经济困境。为了贴补家用和筹措学费，单小龙在暑假期间做建筑零工，每天能挣200元。他还获得了国家助学贷款和慈善基金的资助。PartThreeExtensiveReadingPartThreeExtensiveReading❷Shan'sadmissiontoTsinghuaUniversity'sDepartmentofElectronicEngineeringwithascoreof676intheNationalCollegeEntranceExamination(Gaokao)in2018causedasensation.HisjourneyfromworkingonconstructionsitestoenteringoneofChina'stopuniversitieshighlightedhisremarkabledetermination.OnJune30,2024,ShangraduatedandplannedtocontinuehisstudiesinlateAugust,focusingonroboticsandAI.❸

Initially,Shanthoughtcollegelifewouldbefilledwithcompetitionawardsandpublishedpapers,asreportedbythemedia.However,hesoonrealizedthatbeingaregularstudentatTsinghuameanthemightnotachievebrilliantscientificaccomplishments.Instead,theuniversityemphasizedcultivatingtalentswhocouldintegratepersonalvalueswithnationaldevelopment.ShanwasinspiredbyalecturefromMajorGeneralZhuFengrong,a1966TsinghuaalumnawhodevotedherselftonucleartestsinnorthwesternChina.ThisinspiredhimtojointhePeople'sLiberationArmyNavyduringhisjunioryear,seekingpersonalgrowthinanewenvironment.2018年，单小龙以676分的成绩被清华大学电子工程系录取，引起了轰动。从建筑工地到踏入中国顶尖学府，他的这段经历彰显了非凡的决心。6月30日，单小龙作为2024届毕业生顺利毕业，并计划在八月下旬继续深造，专注于机器人与人工智能领域的学习。起初，单小龙以为大学生活会像媒体报道的那样，可以不断参加竞赛获奖，发表无数论文。但他很快意识到，作为一名普通清华学子，他或许难以取得耀眼的科研成就。相反，清华大学更注重培养能将个人价值与国家发展相结合的人才。单小龙受到了朱凤蓉少将的演讲的启发。朱凤蓉是1966年清华校友，曾致力于中国西北的核试验。这激励着他在大学三年级时加入了中国人民解放军海军，在新环境中寻求个人成长。PartThreeExtensiveReadingPartThreeExtensiveReading❹WhileatTsinghua,ShanservedasacounselorfortheStudentAffairsOffice,supportingstudentsfromsimilarbackgrounds.Healsoorganizedapublicwelfareclassroominhishometown,offeringfreetutoringforeconomicallydisadvantagedstudents.In2018,whenhefirstgainedpublicattentionasthe"constructionsiteboyadmittedtoTsinghua,"Shanstruggledtoadapttothespotlight.However,hisexperiencesinthearmyandatuniversityhelpedhimseebeyondthefame.HenowviewshisjourneyfromtheconstructionsitetoTsinghuaasjustasmallpartofhislifeandnolongerfeelsanxiousaboutpublicattention.在清华就读期间，单小龙担任学生处辅导员，为与他背景相似的学生们提供帮助。他还在家乡组织了一个公益课堂，为经济困难的学生提供免费辅导。2018年，当他以“考上清华的工地少年”的身份首次受到公众关注时，单小龙曾难以适应聚光灯下的生活。然而，军旅生涯和大学生活让他看淡了名声。如今，他把自己从工地到清华的这段经历视为人生的很小一部分，不再对公众的关注感到焦虑。PartThreeExtensiveReadingPartThreeExtensiveReading❺Shan'sstoryisnotjustabouthispersonalachievementsbutalsorepresentsthemanywhoearntheirtuitionthroughhardwork.Heplanstocontinuehisresearchincutting-edgetechnologyatTsinghuaandhopestocontributetotheAIindustryorserveasagrassrootscivilservantinhishometownaftergraduation.❻

Shan'sjourneyisatestamenttothepowerofperseveranceandtheimportanceofgivingbacktosociety.Hisstorywillcontinuetoinspirecountlessothersfacingsimilarchallengestopursuetheirdreamsandmakeapositiveimpactintheircommunities.（455words）单小龙的故事不仅关乎他个人的成就，更代表了众多靠辛勤劳动赚取学费的学子。他计划在清华继续从事尖端技术研究，并希望在毕业后能为人工智能行业贡献力量，或者回到家乡做一名基层公务员。单小龙的经历证明了坚持不懈的力量以及回馈社会的重要性。他的故事将继续激励