初中英语数词知识点总结与练习

初中英语数词知识点总结与练习在英语学习中，数字无处不在，从报时到购物，从谈论年龄到描述数量。掌握数词的用法，是流利表达和准确理解的基础。下面，我们就来系统梳理一下初中阶段数词的核心知识点，并通过练习加以巩固。一、数词的分类数词主要分为两大类：基数词(CardinalNumbers)和序数词(OrdinalNumbers)。（一）基数词(表示数量的多少)1.基本基数词：*1-12:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve(这些是基础，必须熟记)。*13-19:由个位数加后缀"-teen"构成，如thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen。注意其中fifteen(不是fiveteen),eighteen(不是eighteen)的拼写。*20-90的整十数：由个位数加后缀"-ty"构成，如twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety。注意forty(不是fourty),fifty(不是fivety),eighty(不是eightty)的拼写。*21-99的非整十数：由“整十数+连字符‘-’+个位数”构成，如twenty-one,thirty-five,ninety-nine。2.三位数及以上的基数词：*百：hundred；千：thousand；万：tenthousand；十万：onehundredthousand；百万：million；千万：tenmillion；亿：onehundredmillion；十亿：billion。*构成：百位数与十位数之间通常用"and"连接（在美式英语中"and"常省略），十位数与个位数之间用连字符"-"连接。*例如：123→onehundred(and)twenty-three；2,456→twothousandfourhundred(and)fifty-six。*注意：hundred,thousand,million,billion等词前有具体数字时，要用单数形式，不能加"s"。如：twohundredstudents(两百名学生)，fivethousandbooks(五千本书)。若表示不确定的“数百”、“数千”等，则用"hundredsof","thousandsof","millionsof"等形式。3.基数词的用法：*表示数量：Ihavethreeapples.*表示年龄、时间、日期、温度等：Sheistwelve.It'seighto'clock.TodayisJune1st.Thetemperatureisthirtydegrees.*表示编号：LessonFive(第五课)，BusNo.3(3路公交车)。*表示倍数：Thisroomistwiceasbigasthatone.*表示分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，分母用复数。如：onethird(1/3),twofifths(2/5)。*表示小数：小数点读作"point"，小数点后的数字依次读出。如：3.14→threepointonefour。*表示百分数：percent(无复数形式)。如：twentypercent(20%)。（二）序数词(表示顺序、等级)1.基本序数词的构成：*一般在基数词后加"-th"。如：four→fourth,six→sixth,ten→tenth。*特殊变化：*one→first,two→second,three→third。*five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve→twelfth。*以"ve"结尾的基数词，变"ve"为"f"再加"-th"。如：twelve→twelfth,five→fifth。*以"ty"结尾的整十数，变"y"为"ie"再加"-th"。如：twenty→twentieth,thirty→thirtieth。*几十几的序数词，只将个位数变为序数词，十位数不变。如：twenty-one→twenty-first,forty-five→forty-fifth。2.序数词的用法：*序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时，不加"the"。如：Thisismysecondbook.It'sTom'sthirdbirthday.*表示日期：May1st(Maythefirst)，October12th(Octoberthetwelfth)。*用于分数中（分母）：onethird(1/3)。二、数词的常见考点与难点1.基数词与序数词的辨析与转换：这是最基础也最常考的点，要能熟练写出基数词对应的序数词，尤其是特殊变化的那些。2."hundred","thousand","million"的用法：前面有具体数字时用单数；表示不确定数量时用复数加"of"。3.分数、小数、百分数的表达：注意分数中分子分母的不同形式，小数的"point"，百分数的"percent"。4.日期的表达：月份+序数词(或基数词，美式英语中常用)。5.年龄的表达："attheageof+基数词"或"基数词yearsold"。"inone's+整十数的复数形式"表示“在某人几十多岁时”。三、数词练习题（一）写出下列基数词对应的序数词1.one→__________2.two→__________3.three→__________4.five→__________5.eight→__________6.nine→__________7.twelve→__________8.twenty→__________9.thirty-one→__________10.forty-five→__________（二）用括号内所给数词的适当形式填空1.Todayismybrother's__________(nine)birthday.2.Thereare__________(hundred)ofstudentsinourschool.3.Thisisthe__________(one)timeI'veseensuchabeautifulplace.4.Mymotherbought__________(two)kilosofapples.5.About__________(threefifth)ofthestudentslikeEnglish.6.Helivesonthe__________(twelve)floor.7.Thegamewillbeginat__________(7:30)thisevening.(用英语表达)8.Weneed__________(anothertwo)books.(同义句转换：Weneed____________________books.)9.Thisbuildingis__________(two)timestallerthanthatone.10.IhavebeentoBeijing__________(three)times.（三）单项选择1.—Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?—Thereare__________.A.fiveB.fifthC.thefiveD.thefifth2.Septemberisthe__________monthofayear.A.nineB.ninthC.ninethD.thenine3.Thereare__________daysinaweek.A.sevenB.seventhC.thesevenD.theseventh4.About__________oftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.A.threefourthB.threefourthsC.thirdfourthD.thirdfourths5.Myhomeisabout__________metersawayfromtheschool.A.fivehundredB.fivehundredsC.fivehundredsofD.hundredof6.Hebecameafamouswriterinhis__________.A.thirtyB.thirtiesC.thirty'sD.thirtieth7.—What'sthedatetoday?—It's__________.A.JunetheoneB.JunefirstC.firstJuneD.theJunefirst8.Thisstoryhappenedon__________.A.2009,March8B.March8,2009C.2009March8D.March82009（四）翻译下列句子1.我爸爸今年四十岁。2.这本书的价格是25元。3.我们班有五十六名学生。4.他在这次考试中获得了第一名。5.三分之一的学生喜欢运动。四、练习题参考答案（一）写出下列基数词对应的序数词1.first2.second3.third4.fifth5.eighth6.ninth7.twelfth8.twentieth9.thirty-first10.forty-fifth（二）用括号内所给数词的适当形式填空1.ninth2.hundreds3.first4.two5.threefifths6.twelfth7.seventhirty/halfpastseven8.twomore9.twice(或two，注：twice更常用)10.three（三）单项选择1.A2.B3.A4.B5.A6.B7.B8.B（四）翻译下列句子(参考答案，合理即可)1.Myfatherisfortyyearsold./Myfatherisforty.2.Thepriceofthisbookistwenty-fiveyua