《高中英语选择性必修四Unit 1 Review useful structures》课件

ReviewusefulstructureUnit1LearningAboutLanguage1.(2016·北京高考)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts________________withsuccessintheend.学生们一直刻苦学习功课,他们的努力最终将会得到回报。2.Theparty_______________sincelastyear.这次聚会自从去年就开始筹划了。3.Thestation___________in1928.车站建于1928年。4.Rice___________inthesouthofthecountry.水稻在这个国家的南方被种植。

先做题再总结(归纳法)1.(2016·北京高考)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswillberewardedwithsuccessintheend.学生们一直刻苦学习功课,他们的努力最终将会得到回报。2.Thepartyhasbeenplannedsincelastyear.这次聚会自从去年就开始筹划了。

先做题再总结(归纳法)3.Thestation___________in1928.车站建于1928年。4.Rice___________inthesouthofthecountry.水稻在这个国家的南方被种植。

先做题再总结(归纳法)3.Thestationwasbuiltin1928.车站建于1928年。4.Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.水稻在这个国家的南方被种植。

先做题再总结(归纳法)5.Thequestion________________atthemeeting.这个问题正在会议上被讨论。6.(2015·安徽高考)Itisreportedthataspacestation___________(build)onthemooninyearstocome.据报道,未来几年,月球上将修建一座空间站。

先做题再总结(归纳法)5.Thequestionisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.这个问题正在会议上被讨论。6.(2015·安徽高考)Itisreportedthataspacestationwillbebuiltonthemooninyearstocome.据报道,未来几年,月球上将修建一座空间站。

先做题再总结(归纳法)7.Trees__________(plant)hereatthistimelastyear.8.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundthetickets________________.当我抵达剧院的时候，我发现票已经被售完了。

先做题再总结(归纳法)7.Treeswerebeingplantedhereatthistimelastyear.8.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadbeensoldout.当我抵达剧院的时候，我发现票已经被售完了。

先做题再总结(归纳法)Somebodycleansthisroomeveryday.Thisroomiscleanedeveryday.Somebodycleanedthisroomyesterday.Thisroomwascleanedyesterday.Compare在英语中，语态分为两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态和被动语态都是指动词的形式而言。在主动语态中强调的是执行动作的人或物，即主语是动作的执行者；而在被动语态中强调的是接受动作的人或物，即主语是动作的承受者。总结各种时态的被动语态(以实义动词do为例)构成:

被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词(done)”构成。be动词要随着人称和数的变化而变化。被动语态的时态是通过动词be的变化来表示的,有些时态的被动语态还需带上一定的助动词。具体形式如下:过去将来时将来时过去时现在时will/shallhavebeendonehadbeendonehave/hasbeendone完成式was/werebeingdoneam/is/arebeingdone进行式would/shouldbedonewill/shallbedonewas/weredoneam/is/aredone一般式Focuson基本用法1.

了解被动语态结构;2.能够正确理解并运用被动语态。3.

使用被动语态的注意事项。4.

主动形式表被动意义的情况。复习被动语态ReviewthePassiveVioce指出句中的主谓宾语。We

kept

foodinthefridge.We

mustclose

thewindowsandthedoor.SV.O.SV.O.Foodwaskept(byus)

inthefridge.Thewindowsandthedoormustbeclosed.使用被动语态的情况：Sugarcaneisgrowninthesouth.ThesongTheEastisRed

waswritten

byapoorpeasant.1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。2.强调动作的承受者。Theplanwassupportedby

thosewhowishedtohavemorechancestospeakEnglish.Margaretwasgivensomebadadviceaboutselectingcourses.3.动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。4.出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。各个时态的被动语态构成：各个时态的被动语态构成：am/is/are+V-edam/is/are+being+V-edwas/were+V-edwas/were+being+V-edhave/has+been+V-edhad+been+V-edshall/will+be+V-edbegoingto+be+V-edmustbe+V-edshouldhave+been+V-edThisroombelongstome.Whenwillthesportsmeetingtakeplace?1.不及物动词,不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。常见的有：appear,disappear,breakout,cometrue,runout,dateback,happen,goon,takeplace,belongto,等。Theymadehimgotherealone.Hewasmade

(go)therealone.2.make,see,hear,watch,notice等感官动词或使役动词：在主动语态里，作宾补的动词不定式不带to，但变为被动语态时，to要还原。togoWegavehimtheletter.Theletterwasgiventohim.Hewasgiventheletter.3.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，用for或者to引出表示人的间接宾语。Sheoftenlooksaftertheold.Theoldareoftenlookedafterbyher.4.动词短语(动词+介/副)在主谓结构中不可分割，在被动句中，不可去掉后面的介词或者副词。Youshouldprotectyourskintoavoidgetting

(sunburn)whenyougooutinthehotsun.5.get+done,也可以表示被动含义。sunburntItissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…Itishopedthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itisbelievedthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…6.在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。①ThelongnovelwaswrittenbyMr.LuXuninthe1920s.②Thelongnoveliswellwritten,isn’tit?③Theglasswasbrokenbyhislittlesonyesterday.④Look,theglassisbroken!Whobrokeit?被动语态被动语态系表结构系表结构6.注意区别被动语态与系表结构：被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承受者，V-ed表示动作；而系表结构表示状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。①Thedoordoesn’tshut.②ThistypeofcarsellswellinChina.(1)当open,close,shut,lock,move,clean,cook,cut,wear,carry,write,read,sell,wash,measure等用作不及物动词且表示主语某种属性时；主动形式表被动意义的情况①Youradvicesounds

practical.②Thefoodtastesdelicious.(2)连系动词(look,sound,smell,feel,taste,remain等)后接表语时；主动形式表被动意义的情况Thehouseneedscleaning.(3)当want,need,require等少数表示“需要”的动词后跟V-ing时；Thehouseneedstobecleaned.主动形式表被动意义的情况Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbs.Practice1.Mysister__________(offer)agoodchancetogoabroadforfurthereducation.2.Abook____________(read)morethanonceifyouwanttounderstanditbetter.3.Everypossiblemeans____________(use)topreventtheairpollution,butskyisstillnotclear.4.-GeorgeandLucygotmarriedlastweek.Didyougototheirwedding?-No.I_________________(invite).Didtheyhaveabigwedding?wasofferedmustbereadhasbeenusedhadn’tbeeninvited1Whatisdonecannot_________.(undo)2Janet_____________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)3Twohundredgrammesofflourshould____________tothecakemix.(add)4A3,000-seatvenue_________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)5Workingefficiency________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)6Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage______foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)7Itisagreathonourformeto_________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)8WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman'ssalary________atthemeeting.(discuss)9WithexamsbeingadaptedintoBraille,ablindseniorhighschoolstudentscored630pointsoutof650intheCollegeEntranceExamination.Heisexpectedto______toatopuniversity.(admit)Completethesentenceswithappropriateformsoftheverbsinbrackets.ThentrytotranslatethesesentencesintoChinese.P521Whatisdonecannot_________.(undo)2Janet_____________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)3Twohundredgrammesofflourshould_________tothecakemix.(add)4A3,000-seatvenue__________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)5Workingefficiency_________________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)beundonewaselectedbeaddedwillbebuilthasbeenimprovedCheckyouranswers6Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage________________foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)7Itisagreathonourformeto_________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)8WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman'ssalary_________________atthemeeting.(discuss)9WithexamsbeingadaptedintoBraille,ablindseniorhighschoolstudentscored630pointsoutof650intheCollegeEntranceExamination.Heisexpectedto_____________toatopuniversity.(admit)isallowedbeinvitedwasbeingdiscussedbeadmittedSciencefiction______bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand_______.TheThree-BodyProblem,_______byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.TheworkwasfirstpublishedinaChinesesci-fimagazinein2006andprintedasathree-volumebookin2008.Whenthefirstvolume______intoEnglishbyChinese-AmericanauthorKenLiu,itattractedattentionaroundtheworld,becomingthefirstAsianwinneroftheHugoAwardforBestNovel.Thebook______manythemessuchasspaceexploration,aliencontact,AI,andthefutureofhumans.TheThreeBodyProblembeginswiththestoriesoftwounrelatedpeople,YeWenjieandWangMiao.Ye______tojoinasecretprojectinaremoteareaofChina,which______tocontactalienlifeforms.Intheotherstory,set20yearslater,WangMiao________inapopularonlinegamecalled"ThreeBody",inwhichpeopleliveonanunknownplanetwiththreesuns.ButWangdiscoversitismorethanagame—ituncoversagreatdangerthreateninghumanexistence.Howarethesetwopeople’sstories______?AndhowwilltheirbehaviourchangeEarth’sfutureandthecivilizationsofotherplanets?Answerstoallthesequestionsarewaitingto______whenyougoonreading.exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectReadtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.P53Sciencefiction__________bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand_________.TheThree-BodyProblem,_______byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.TheworkwasfirstpublishedinaChinesesci-fimagazinein2006andprintedasathree-volumebookin2008.Whenthefirstvolume______________intoEnglishbyChinese-AmericanauthorKenLiu,itattractedattentionaroundtheworld,becomingthefirstAsianwinneroftheHugoAwardforBestNovel.Thebook___________manythemessuchasspaceexploration,aliencontact,AI,andthefutureofhumans.CheckyouranswerswrittenwastranslatedrepresentedisregardeddiscoveredTheThreeBodyProblembeginswiththestoriesoftwounrelatedpeople,YeWenjieandWangMiao.Ye___________tojoinasecretprojectinaremoteareaofChina,which____________tocontactalienlifeforms.Intheotherstory,set20yearslater,WangMiao_____________inapopularonlinegamecalled"ThreeBody",inwhichpeopleliveonanunknownplanetwiththreesuns.ButWangdiscoversitismorethanagame—ituncoversagreatdangerthreateninghumanexistence.Howarethesetwopeople’sstories______?AndhowwilltheirbehaviourchangeEarth’sfutureandthecivilizationsofotherplanets?Answerstoallthesequestionsarewaitingto__________whenyougoonreading.wasrecruitedisconnectedsetupgetcaughtupbeexplored2.主动语态改为被动语态的三个步骤：a.

把主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语；b.

把主动句的谓语变成be+V-ed，时态与原句保持一致；c.

把主动句的主语变成由by引导的的宾格形式，放在被动句的谓语之后，by短语可以省略。1.复习被动语态的各种形式。1.TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It_________(build)originallytoprotectthecityduringtheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.(2021年全国甲卷)2.Thelittlehome____________(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.(2021年6月浙江卷)wasbuiltwaspainted1．“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon________(construct)．”(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)2．Theartistwassurehewould________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)3．Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.(2018·北京卷)isconstructedbechosenhadbeentrapped4．DuringavisittoBostonin1733,Franklin________(impress)withthecity'sfirepreventionmethods.5．Atuniversity,youwill________(teach)bylecturersandprofessorswhoareleadingfiguresintheirstudy.6．Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight____________(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)7．Shuaijiao_____________(consider)bysomeexpertsastheoriginofmodernthrowingsportssuchasjudo.wasimpressedbetaughtisconsideredbemade8．Whenthetimecametomakethefinaldecisionforacourse，Idecidedtoapplyfortheonethat________(reflect)myinterest.(2016·浙江卷)9．Moreefforts,asreported,_______________(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply­sidestructuralreform.(2016·江苏卷)10．Twoyearsago,whileCathy__________________(watch)theOlympics,adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.(2016·天津卷)reflectedwillbemadewaswatching专题过关训练1．Duringthe30daysbeforehewasputtodeath,hisfriendsandrelatives_____________(allow)tovisithiminhisprison.2．Inaword,massmedia__________(be)themoreimportantinthefuture.1．Duringthe30daysbeforehewasputtodeath,hisfriendsandrelatives

wereallowed

tovisithiminhisprison.2．Inaword,massmedia

willbe

themoreimportantinthefuture.3．Whenwegottothespot,theinjured

_______________(send)tothehospital.4.Thegirliseasy_________(getalongwith).3．Whenwegottothespot,theinjured

hadbeensent

tothehospital.4.Thegirliseasy

togetalongwith.5.TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeople_________(suffer)fromindoorairpollutionatthepresenttime,whichresultsfromtheuseofdangerousfuelsandcook­stovesinthehome.6.Thefilmiswellworth________(see).5.TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeoplearesufferingfromindoorairpollutionatthepresenttime,whichresultsfromtheuseofdangerousfuelsandcook­stovesinthehome.6.Thefilmiswellworthseeing.7．Thoughtheinterview_______(go)well,itwasimpressedonhimagainthatcomparedwiththeothercandidateshedidn'thavetheabilitytogetthejob.8.Everypossiblemeans____(try),butnone____(prove)successful．7．Thoughtheinterview

went

well,itwasimpressedonhimagainthatcomparedwiththeothercandidateshedidn'thavetheabilitytogetthejob.8.Everypossiblemeans

hasbeentried,butnone

provessuccessful．9.Themachine________(run)well.10.InUShighschool,everything____________(record)andgraded,includingyourgradesonquizzes,testsandfinalexaminations.9.Themachinerunswell.10.InUShighschool,everything

isrecorded

andgraded,includingyourgradesonquizzes,testsandfinalexaminations.11.WorldWarⅡ_________(breakout)in1937.12.ThiswasthefirsttimethatI_______________(experience)sandstormsandIdon'teverwanttobeinoneagain.11.WorldWarⅡbrokeout

in1937.12.ThiswasthefirsttimethatIhadexperienced

sandstormsandIdon'teverwanttobeinoneagain.13．Anotherpointthatshouldneverbeignored_________(be)thathandwritingisthekeytogettingamuchhigherscore.14.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium________(complete)inBeijing.13．Anotherpointthatshouldneverbeignored

isthathandwritingisthekeytogettingamuchhigherscore.14.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium

hadbeencompleted

inBeijing.15.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho______(blame)forthespoiledchild.15.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwhoistoblameforthespoiledchild.

完成句子1.Thesedesks____________away.这些桌子不能被搬走。

2.Thenovelcoronoviruspneunomia________(defeat)aslongasweobeytherulesandregulationsstrictlyandhavedoggeddetermination.

只要我们严格遵守规章制度，怀有坚定的决心，新冠病毒肺炎必将被击败。

完成句子1.Thesedeskscan'tbemovedaway.这些桌子不能被搬走。

2.Thenovelcoronoviruspneunomiawillbedefeatedaslongasweobeytherulesandregulationsstrictlyandhavedoggeddetermination.

只要我们严格遵守规章制度，怀有坚定的决心，新冠病毒肺炎必将被击败。3.You_________________thebrokenbranchesoftreesandreplantingthefallentrees.

人们看到你清理断掉的树枝,补植歪倒的树木。4.IwouldappreciateitifI___________asavolunteerintheAdultCeremony.

如果我能成为成人礼的志愿者,我将不胜感激。3.Youwereseenremoving/cleaningthebrokenbranchesoftreesandreplantingthefallentrees.

人们看到你清理断掉的树枝,补植歪倒的树木。4.IwouldappreciateitifIamadmittedasavolunteerintheAdultCeremony.

如果我能成为成人礼的志愿者,我将不胜感激。5.Thewoman_______________abankjustnow.刚才有人看见这个女人进了一家银行。6.Thenewproduct______________.

这新产品很畅销。

5.Thewomanwasseentoenterabankjustnow.刚才有人看见这个女人进了一家银行。6.Thenewproductsellswell.这新产品很畅销。

7.Inorder_______________bytheloudmusicoutside,Ihavetocloseallthewindows.为了不受外面喧闹的音乐的影响,我只好关上了所有的窗户。8.Thefood____________.这食物尝起来很美味。7.Inordernottobeaffected/influencedbytheloudmusicoutside,Ihavetocloseallthewindows.为了不受外面喧闹的音乐的影响,我只好关上了所有的窗户。8.Thefoodtastesdelicious.这食物尝起来很美味。9.Rainforests___________andburnedatsuchaspeedthatthey__________fromtheearthinthe

future.热带雨林正以如此的速度被砍伐和焚烧，在未来他们将从这个地球上消失。10.Dreams______________________aslongaswetryourbest.

只要我们努力,梦想就会实现。9.Rainforests

arebeingcut

andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthe

future.热带雨林正以如此的速度被砍伐和焚烧，在未来他们将从这个地球上消失。10.Dreamscancometrue/canberealizedaslongaswetryourbest.

只要我们努力,梦想就会实现。.短文语法填空

83-year-oldAntonioVicentehasspentthelastfourdecadesofhislifebringingthejunglesofhislifehoodbacktolife.Today,hiseffortsarebeingrewarded,asthe____1____(complete)desertedlandhasbecomeabeautifuljunglewithwildlifeagain.Itwasin1973thatAntoniobeganhiswork____2___aweekendhobby.However,itsoonbecameawayoflife.Antoniospentwholedaysandnightsinhisyoungjungle____3_____(surround)byratsandfoxes,eatingbananasandwichesforbreakfast,lunchanddinner..短文语法填空

Overthelast40years,he______4____(plant)about50,000treesonhisland.Astheforestgrew,thewaterreturned.Thentheanimalsstartedmakingahomethere.Today,theforestisalivewiththesoundsofbirdsand____5___(insect)livingthere,andmorespeciesaresettlingthereeveryyear.“Ifyouaskme__6___myfamilyare,Iwouldsayallthesetreesrighthere,eachoneofthesethatIplantedfromaseed,”hesaid.

Asimpressiveashislife-long___7___(contribute)toreforestation(重新造林)is,hisstoryisveryrare..短文语法填空Datashowsthatnearly19,770acresofBrazilianrainforest_____8___(destroy)betweenAugust2015andJuly2016.ThatmakesAntonio'sworkseemlike___9__dropinapond.Butjustimagineifwehadmorepeoplelikehim,whocared___10_(much)aboutwaterandcleanairthanmoney,whatwouldtheworldbelike?.短文语法填空1.completely2.as3.surrounded4.hasplanted5.insects6.who7.contribution8.weredestroyed9.a10.moreⅠⅡⅢⅠ.阅读理解A(2023浙江嘉兴高二上期末)Trickortreat!WithHalloweenaroundthecorner,kidsareabouttocollectbagsfullofcandy,includingchocolate.Meanwhile,agroupofresearchersintheNetherlandshavebeenexperimentingwithamethodtomakechocolatemoreofa“treat”thanever.Whilechocolateisdeliciousformanyreasons,thisstudyfocusedonhowitcrackswhenitisbitten.CorentinCoulais,theresearcherteachingphysicsattheUniversityofAmsterdamsays,“Tobetterhowitfeelsinthemouth,wegave‘geometry(几何学)’tochocolate,whichwouldthenchangethewayitbreaks.”ⅠⅡⅢGivingit“geometry”involvedusinga3Dprintertoproducedarkchocolateinvariousways.Ratherthancreatingaflat,solidpiece,themachineprinteditintoasimpleS-shape,orzigzaggedsuper-thinlayersback-and-forthseveraltimes,orintoincreasinglycomplicatedspirals(螺旋形).Theresultingpieceswerefedto10eagervolunteers.Itturnedoutthatthecrunchiest(最松脆的)—whileremainingeasytobite—wasthechocolateshapedintofairlycomplicatedspirals.Itwasalsothetoptastingexperience.Theresearchersalsousedamachinetocrackthevariousshapesandseewhichwasthecrunchiest.Plus,theyrecordedthesoundsofthecracking,becauseapleasurableeatingexperiencedoesn’tonlytakeplaceinthemouth,butcanbeaffectedbythenoisesinyourhead.Thegeneralwinnerremainedthatspiral.ⅠⅡⅢ“It’stooearlytosaywhetherchocolatewillsoonbemadedifferently,”Coulaissays.Heisworkingwithacoupleoforganizationstoseehowitmightbeappliedinmaterialsotherthanchocolate—onesthatmightbeusedinvehicles,forexample,tomakethemlessdangerouswhentheycrash.Understandingcrackingcouldmakelifesafer—incarsorairplanesorwearinghelmets.ItcouldalsomakethoseHalloweentreatseventastier.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了为了使巧克力更美味,研究人员将“几何学”运用于巧克力,用3D打印机打印出各种形状的巧克力。ⅠⅡⅢ1.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bydiscussingacase.B.Bymakingaprediction.C.Bypresentingascene.D.Byexplainingaphenomenon.推理判断题。根据第一段可知,文章开篇展示了一个场景,万圣节即将到来,“不给糖就捣蛋!”的活动再次开始,孩子们将收集装满糖果的袋子,包括巧克力。接下来文章介绍了有关巧克力的话题,荷兰的一组研究人员正在试验一种方法,使巧克力比以往任何时候都更“美味”,由此可知,作者通过呈现一个场景来引出本文的主题。故选C项。√ⅠⅡⅢ2.Whatisthefunctionofthe3Dprinterusedintheexperiment?A.Toexplorethewaychocolatebreaks.B.Tocreatechocolateinvariousshapes.C.Toimprovethechocolatetastingexperience.D.Torecordthesoundsofchocolatecracking.细节理解题。根据第三段的“Giving

it

‘geometry’

involved

using

a

3D

printer

to

produce

dark

chocolate

in

various

ways...or

into

increasingly

complicated

spirals.”可知,使用3D打印机可以打印出各种形状的巧克力,例如简单的S形、Z字形或螺旋形巧克力。由此可知,实验中使用的3D打印机的功能是创造各种形状的巧克力。故选B项。√ⅠⅡⅢ3.WhatdoesCoulaismostexpectafterthestudy?A.TheattractionofHalloweentreats.B.Thechangeinchocolateproduction.C.Thegrowingawarenessofdrivingsafety.D.Theapplicationofthefindingsinotherfields.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“He

is

working

with

a

couple

of

organizations

to

see...for

example,to

make

them

less

dangerous

when

they

crash.”可知,Coulais致力于将研究结果应用于除巧克力以外的材料,使人们受益。由此可知,研究结束后,Coulais最期待的是这项研究结果在其他领域的应用。故选D项。√ⅠⅡⅢ4.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Geometrymakesatastierchocolate.B.Complicatedspiralsarethechampion.C.Aknowledgeofcrackingmattersalot.D.Thecrunchiestchocolateisnewlyborn.主旨大意题。通读全文,结合第二段关键句“Corentin

Coulais,the

researcher

teaching

physics

at

the

University

of

Amsterdam

says,...which

would

then

change

the

way

it

breaks.”可知,本文讲述了为了使巧克力更美味,研究人员将“几何学”运用于巧克力,用3D打印机打印出各种形状的巧克力。“Geometry

makes

a

tastier

chocolate”意为“几何学制造出更美味的巧克力”,选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选A项。√ⅠⅡⅢB(2023江苏常州八校期中联考)Microsoftwon’trenewthecontractsfordozensofnewsproductioncontractorsworkingatitsMSNwebsiteandplanstouseAItoreplacethem.Theroughly50employeeswereinformedthattheirserviceswouldnolongerbeneededbeyondJune30,butateamoffull-timejournalistswillremain.TheMicrosoftspokesmansaidinastatement,“Likeallcompanies,weanalyzeandmakejudgmentsonouractivitiesandservicesonaregularbasis.Thiscanresultinincreasedinvestmentinsomeplacesand,fromtimetotime,rearrangementinothers.Thesedecisionsarenottheresultofthecurrentpandemic.”ⅠⅡⅢMSNwilluseAItoreplacetheproductionworkitsjournalistshavebeendoing.Thatworkincludesusinganautomatedsystemtoidentifytrendingnewsstoriesfromdozensofpublishingpartnersandtohelpimprovethecontentbyrewritingheadlinesoraddingbetteraccompanyingphotographsorslideshows.“IspendallmytimereadingabouthowautomationandAIaregoingtotakeallourjobs—nowit’stakenmine,”oneoftheterminatedcontractorssaid.“Butwithfewerhumanbeingstomonitorthetechnology,AImaynotbefullyfamiliarwithstricteditorialguidelinesandcouldenduplettingthroughinappropriatestories.”ⅠⅡⅢMSNhasundergoneanumberofchangessinceitsLaunchasMicrosoftNetworkin1995.Onceitofferedtheoriginalcontentandlinkstonews,weatherandsports.In2013,itreducedtheoriginalnewscontentandbegancuttingemployees.By2014.itlaunchedaredesignedversionthatpartneredwithothernewssites—payingthemtoredistributetheircontent.Today,thenewsservicereliesentirelyonthosepartnershipswithnooriginalnewscontentofitsown.SelectingandeditingstoriesratherthanactuallygeneratingthemmadeiteasierforMSNtoincreasinglyrelyonanautomatededitingsystem.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能对微软公司结构和工作性质的影响。ⅠⅡⅢ5.WhatishappeningatMicrosoft?A.Morepeoplearebeingemployedtodevelop.B.SomeworkersarebeingfiredandreplacedbyAI.C.RobotsarebeingusedtowritenewsreportsforMSN.D.ItissigningnewcontractswithsomeworkersatMSN.细节理解题。根据文章第一段以及第二段可知,微软公司要用人工智能替代一些传统员工,故选B项。√ⅠⅡⅢ6.WhatdoestheMicrosoftspokesmanmean?A.TheywillinvestmoreinAI.B.Theyfrequentlyexaminetheirbusiness.C.TheyprovidethebestservicesforInternetusers.D.Theyhavebeenbadlyinfluencedbythepandemic.推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知,微软发言人在一份声明中表示,和所有公司一样,他们会定期对他们的活动和服务进行分析和判断。这可能导致在一些地方增加投资,在另一些地方不时地重新安排投资。由此可推断,微软发言人表示微软会经常评估自己企业的状态。故选B项。√ⅠⅡⅢ7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“terminated”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Scheduled.

B.Informed.C.Involved. D.Dismissed.词义猜测题。根据文章第五段画线词上文“I

spend

all

my

time

reading

about

how

automation

and

AI

are

going

to

take

all

our

jobs—now

it’s

taken

mine”可知,这位员工被解雇了。所以terminated为“被解雇的”之意。故选D项。√ⅠⅡⅢ8.WhichbestdescribeshowMSNworksnow?A.Allitsnewsisproducedbyothernewssites.B.Othernewswebsitespayittouseitscontent.C.Theoriginalcontentisencouragedonitswebsite.D.Itspartnershelpitselectandeditnewsstories.细节理解题。根据文章第六段的“Today,the

news

service

relies

entirely

on

those

partnerships

with

no

original

news

content

of

its

own.Selecting

and

editing

stories

rather

than

actually

generating

them

made

it

easier

for

MSN

to

increasingly

rely

on

an

automated

editing

system.”可知,MSN的所有新闻都来自于别的新闻网站。故选A项。√ⅡⅢⅠⅡ.完形填空(2023山东烟台高二下期中)OnceFrankandhisdaughterNovatookacross-countrydrivewiththeirdogBobbie.Duringastop,poorBobbiewas

1

byfiercelocaldogs.ThinkingBobbiewouldtakecareofhimselfasusual,Frankleftforthehotel

2

tofindBobbiereturntheretojointhem.

AfterhourswithoutBobbie,Frankgot

3

.SinceBobbieusedtorespondtothesoundofthecarhorn,Frankfirstdrove

4

allaround,honkingfrequentlyuntilmidnight.Bobbieneverappeared.Afteraweekof

5

andplacingnewspaperadvertisements,thefamilyhadtogiveupandstartdrivinghome.Fallturningtowinter,the

6

familyhadto

7

thefactthattheycouldnolongersharetheirhappinesswithbelovedBobbie.

ⅡⅢⅠSix

8

later,Novawaswalkingdownastreetwhenshe

9

atthesightofamessyandraggedlookingfigurewalkingoutofwoods.Hiseyeswerehalf-closedandredwith

10

,hisfe