《数字测图》课件-5.数字测图成果

数字测图DigitalMappingUnderstandingoftheInspectionMethodofDigitalMappingResults数字测图成果检查方法认识数字地形图是一种生产周期较长、产品内容复杂的测绘产品，在交付使用之前，也必须按技术规程的要求对产品进行检查。Digitalterrainmapisasurveyingandmappingproductwithalongproductioncycleandcomplexproductcontent.Beforedeliveryanduse,theproductmustalsobeinspectedaccordingtotherequirementsoftechnicalregulations.数字测图成果检查方法认识UnderstandingoftheInspectionMethodofDigitalMappingResults

为了评定测绘产品质量，须严格按照相关技术细则或技术标准，通过观察、分析、判断和比较等方法，适当结合测量、试验等方式对测绘产品的符合性进行评价，称为测绘成果的检查。Inordertoevaluatethequalityofsurveyingandmappingproducts,itisnecessarytostrictlyfollowrelevanttechnicalspecificationsortechnicalstandards,andtoevaluatetheconformityofsurveyingandmappingproductsthroughobservation,analysis,judgment,andcomparison,combinedwithmeasurementandtestingmethods,andiscalledtheinspectionofsurveyingandmappingresults.测绘成果检查概述OverviewoftheInspectionofSurveyingandMappingResultsQualified合格不合格Unqualified经检查后的测绘产品，其质量等级可评定为：Thequalitygradeofsurveyingandmappingproductsafterinspectioncanbeevaluatedas:测绘成果检查概述OverviewoftheInspectionofSurveyingandMappingResults0102Excellent优良Good0304根据《测绘成果质量检查与验收》的规定，测绘产品实行二级检查一级验收制，即过程检查、最终检查和验收制度。Accordingtotheprovisionsof"InspectionandAcceptanceofSurveyingandMappingResults",surveyingandmappingproductsaresubjecttoatwo-levelinspectionandone-levelacceptancesystem,thatis,processinspection,finalinspectionandacceptancesystem.测绘成果检查概述OverviewoftheInspectionofSurveyingandMappingResults过程检查ProcessInspection只有完成自查、互查数字测图成果，才能提交过程检查。Onlyaftercompletingself-inspectionandcross-inspectionofdigitalmappingresultscantheprocessinspectionbesubmitted.过程检查ProcessInspection过程检查由生产单位的分队项目部质检人员进行。过程检查采用全数检查，对检查出的问题、错误及改正后的复查结果应全部记录，直至检查无误为止，方可提交最终检查。Theprocessinspectionisconductedbyqualitycontrolpersonnelofthesquadprojectdepartmentoftheproductionunit.Theprocessinspectionusesfullcoverageinspection,andallrecordsoftheproblems,errors,andre-inspectionresultsfoundaftercorrectionshouldberecordeduntiltheinspectioniscorrect.Onlythencanthefinalinspectionbesubmitted.最终检查FinalInspection最终检查由生产单位的质量管理机构负责实施，最终检查应采用全数检查，对野外实地检查项，可抽样检查，样本量按《测绘成果质量检查与验收》的规定执行，检查流程与过程检查相同。Thefinalinspectionisimplementedbythequalitymanagementagencyoftheproductionunit.Thefinalinspectionshouldusefullcoverageinspection.Forfieldinspections,samplinginspectionscanbeconducted,andthesamplesizeshouldbecarriedoutaccordingtotheprovisionsof"InspectionandAcceptanceofSurveyingandMappingResults".Theinspectionprocessisthesameastheprocessinspection.最终检查FinalInspection最终检查不合格的单位成果退回处理，处理后再进行最终检查，直至检查合格为止。最终检查完成后，应编写检查报告，随成果一并提交验收。Ifthefinalinspectionisnotqualified,theunit'sresultsshouldbereturnedforprocessing,andthenundergofinalinspectionuntilitisqualified.Afterthefinalinspectioniscompleted,acheckreportshouldbecompiledandsubmittedwiththeresultsforacceptance.数字地形图的测绘属于工程项目，其成果的检查应该有科学的标准，明确的依据。Digitalterrainmappingisatypeofengineeringproject,andtheinspectionofitsresultsshouldhavescientificstandardsandclearreferences.验收制度AcceptanceSystem01《测绘成果质量检查与验收》"InspectionandAcceptanceofSurveyingandMappingResults"这是一项国家标准，它规定了测绘成果质量检查的基本制度、检查方法、各类测绘成果的质量元素和检查项。Thisisanationalstandardthatspecifiesthebasicsystem,inspectionmethods,qualityelementsandinspectionitemsofsurveyingandmappingresults.验收制度AcceptanceSystem02《数字测绘成果质量检查与验收》"InspectionandAcceptanceofDigitalMappingResults"03《数字线划图（DLG）质量检验技术规程》"TechnicalRulesforInspectionofDigitalLineGraph(DLG)Quality"上述两项规程是在第一项标准的基础上进行了一些细化。Theabovetworulesaresomedetailsonthebasisofthefirststandard.验收制度AcceptanceSystem04各行业具体的测绘规范、标准SpecificMappingStandardsandRegulationsforEachIndustry05技术设计书、测绘任务书、合同TechnicalDesignBook,MappingTaskBook,Contract此两项是针对具体行业和项目具体情况制定的技术要求。Thesetwoitemsaretechnicalrequirementsspecifictospecificindustriesandprojects.验收制度AcceptanceSystem在进行数字测图成果检查前，应要求作业单位提交齐全的检查资料。Beforeconductingtheinspectionofdigitalmappingresults,theperformingunitshouldberequiredtosubmitcompleteinspectionmaterials.提交检查的资料Thematerialssubmittedforinspection(1)

技术设计书、平差报告、文档簿、质量跟踪卡、自检互检记录等。

Technicaldesignbook,adjustmentreport,documentbook,qualitytrackingcard,self-inspectionandcross-inspectionrecords,etc.提交检查的资料Thematerialssubmittedforinspection(2)

成果说明文件Resultdescriptiondocuments提交检查的资料Thematerialssubmittedforinspection(3)

数据文件，包括数据采集原始数据文件、图根点成果文件、碎部点成果文件、图廓内外整饰信息文件，元数据文件等。Datafiles,includingoriginaldatacollectionfiles,rootpointresultfiles,fragmentpointresultfiles,interiorandexteriordecorationinformationfiles,metadatafiles,etc.提交检查的资料Thematerialssubmittedforinspection(4)

纸质检查图Paperinspectionmaps提交检查的资料Thematerialssubmittedforinspection(5)

图形信息数据文件和地形图图形文件Informationdatafilesandterrainmapgraphicfiles若是验收，还应提供最终检查报告、技术总结。Ifitisacceptance,thefinalinspectionreportandtechnicalsummaryshouldalsobeprovided.提交检查的资料Thematerialssubmittedforinspection数字测图成果检查流程Theworkflowforcheckingdigitalmappingresults检查前准备工作测绘成果抽样样本内详查样本外概查

质量评定编制检查报告PreparationworkbeforetheinspectionSamplethedigitalmappingresults

Detailedexaminationwithinthesample

GeneralexaminationoutsidethesampleQualityassessmentPreparationofinspectionreport检查工作实施ImplementationoftheInspectionWork在上述检查时，检查内容是依据《测绘成果质量检查与验收》中规定的质量元素及相应的检查项，数字测图成果的质量元素包括数学精度、数据及结构正确性、地理精度、整饰质量、附件质量。Duringtheaboveinspections,theinspectionitemsarebasedonthequalityelementsandcorrespondinginspectionitemsspecifiedin"InspectionandAcceptanceofSurveyingandMappingResults".Thequalityelementsofdigitalmappingresultsincludemathematicalaccuracy,dataandstructuralcorrectness,geographicalaccuracy,decorationquality,andattachmentquality.数字测图成果检查的内容Contentsoftheinspectionfordigitalmappingresults0102DetailedInspection详查概查GeneralInspection数字测图成果检查的方式Methodsofinspectingdigitalmappingresults.01DetailedInspection详查详查就是对样本根据规定的质量元素及相应的检查项，按数字测图项目的技术设计和执行的技术标准，在内外业逐一检查样本内成果符合性，并统计发现的各类错漏数量、中误差等。Detailedinspectioninvolvescheckingthesampleaccordingtothespecifiedqualityelementsandcorrespondinginspectionitems,checkingthecomplianceofthesampleresultswiththetechnicaldesignandtechnicalstandardsofthedigitalmappingproject,andonebyone,inthefieldandoffice,andcalculatingthenumberofvariouserrorsandomissions,theaveragedeviation,andsoon.概查就是对样本外单位成果的重要检查项或重要要素以及详查中发现的普遍性、倾向性问题进行检查，并统计存在的各类错漏数量、中误差等。Generalinspectioninvolvescheckingtheimportantinspectionitemsorimportantelementsoftheunit'sresultsoutsidethesample,aswellastheuniversalityandtrendproblemsfoundinthedetailedinspection,andcalculatingthenumberofvariouserrorsandomissions,theaveragedeviation,andsoon.概查GeneralInspection02数字测图成果的野外实地检查FieldInspectionsoftheResultsofDigitalMapping对于需要在野外实地进行的检查项，例如点位中误差、邻近地物点间距中误差、等高线插求点高程中误差等，采取实测检查点坐标、高程及实地量测检查边长度的方法进行。检查点（边）应分布均匀、位置明显，其数量视地物复杂程度、比例尺等具体情况确定，一般每幅图各选取20～50个。Foritemsthatneedtobecheckedinthefield,suchasthecoordinateaccuracyofpoints,thedistanceaccuracyofadjacentgroundobjectpoints,theelevationaccuracyoftheinterpolationpointofcontourlines,etc.,theyarecheckedbymeasuringthecoordinates,elevations,andfield-measuredlengthsoftheinspectionpoints.Thenumberofinspectionpoints(edges)shouldbedistributedevenlyandbeinanoticeableposition,anditshouldbedeterminedaccordingtothecomplexityofthegroundobjects,scale,andotherspecificsituations.Ingeneral,20to50pointsshouldbeselectedforeachmap.野外检测完成后，要对数据进行统计并计算相应的中误差。计算公式如下：Afterthefielddetectioniscompleted,thedatashouldbestatisticallyanalyzedandthecorrespondingaveragedeviationshouldbecalculated.Thecalculationformulaisasfollows:高精度检测High-precisionDetection同精度检测SameprecisionDetection数字测图成果的野外实地检查FieldInspectionsoftheResultsofDigitalMapping式中，M为成果中误差；n为检测点(边)总数；△i为较差。Intheformulas,Mistheaveragedeviationoftheresults,nisthetotalnumberofdetectionpoints(edges),andΔiisthepoorer.注意：检测点（边）数量少于20个时，以误差的算术平均值代替中误差；大于20个按上述公式统计中误差。Note:Whenthenumberofdetectionpoints(edges)islessthan20,theaveragedeviationisreplacedwiththearithmeticmeanoftheerrors;whenitisgreaterthan20,theaveragedeviationiscalculatedaccordingtotheaboveformula.数字测图成果的野外实地检查FieldInspectionsoftheResultsofDigitalMapping由于测绘成果的质量检查、评价对委托单位和作业单位都非常重要，因此，产品检查的方式、过程、发现的问题及处理、数据记录及统计等，都应及时、完整、规范地记录并归档。Becausethequalityinspectionandevaluationofmappingresultsareveryimportanttothecommissioningunitandtheperformingunit,therefore,theinspectionmethods,process,foundproblemsandhandling,datarecordingandstatistics,etc.,shouldbetimely,complete,andstandardizedrecordedandarchived.产品检查记录与存档ProductInspectionRecordsandArchives对于检查验收中发现的不符合技术标准、技术设计书或其他有关技术规定的成果，应及时提出处理意见，交测绘单位进行改正。当问题较多或性质较重时，可将部分或全部成果退回测绘单位或部门重新处理，然后再进行验收。Fortheresultsfoundnottomeettechnicalstandards,technicaldesignbooks,orotherrelevanttechnicalrequirementsintheinspectionandacceptance,timelyopinionsshouldbeproposedonhandling,andhandedovertothemappingunitforcorrection.Whentherearemanyproblemsorseriousnature,partoralloftheresultsmaybereturnedtothemappingunitordepartmentforreprocessing,andthenre-inspectionandacceptancecanbecarriedout.质量问题处理ResolvingQualityIssues数字测图成果的检查本身就是数字测图不可缺少的生产环节，它与技术设计、测图作业等环节具有同等重要性。Theinspectionofdigitalmappingresultsisanindispensableproductionlinkindigitalmappingitself,anditisequallyimportantwiththetechnicaldesign,surveyingandmappingoperations,etc.THINKING举例说明数字测图成果检查时，哪些内容或什么情况需要进行概查？Giveanexampleofwhatcontentorsituationneedstobesurveyedduringtheinspectionofdigitalmappingresults?数字测图DigitalMappingQualityEvaluationofDigitalMappingResults数字测图成果质量评定数字测图成果的检查，就是对其规定的质量元素和检查项进行了核查、对比分析、实地检测。Theinspectionofdigitalmappingresultsistoverify,compareandanalyzethespecifiedqualityelementsandinspectionitems,andconductfielddetection.数字测图成果质量评定QualityEvaluationofDigitalMappingResults数字测图成果质量评定QualityEvaluationofDigitalMappingResults在工程领域，所有结论都要建立在真实的检测数据、实验、严格的流程、严谨的方法上，测绘工程项目从技术设计到观测作业，直至最后的检查验收，从技术资料的内容、格式到仪器操作的流程及数据记录，都必须遵循相关技术标准。Intheengineeringfield,allconclusionsmustbebasedonrealinspectiondata,experiments,strictprocesses,andrigorousmethods.Fromthetechnicaldesigntotheobservationoperation,andfinallytothefinalinspectionandacceptanceofthesurveyingandmappingproject,fromthecontentandformatofthetechnicaldocumentstotheworkflowanddatarecordingoftheinstrumentoperation,allmustfollowtherelevanttechnicalstandards.《测绘成果质量检查与验收》InspectionandAcceptanceofSurveyingandMappingResults数字测图成果质量等级DigitalMappingResultQualityLevel1、成果质量评定由生产单位评定，验收单位通过检验批成果进行核定。数字测绘产品检验批质量实行合格批、不合格批评定制。《测绘成果质量检查与验收》InspectionandAcceptanceofSurveyingandMappingResultsThequalityassessmentoftheresultsiscarriedoutbytheproductionunit,andtheacceptanceunitverifiesthequalityofthebatchofproductsthroughinspection.Thequalityofdigitalmappingproductinspectionbatchesiscarriedoutintheformofqualifiedbatchesandunqualifiedbatches.2、对于单位产品质量一般采用百分制和缺陷扣分法计算单位产品得分，再根据得分评定为优级品、良级品、合格品、不合格品。《测绘成果质量检查与验收》InspectionandAcceptanceofSurveyingandMappingResultsForthequalityofunitproducts,theunitproductscoreisgenerallycalculatedusingthepercentagesystemandthepointdeductionmethod,andthenthequalityisevaluatedasfirst-class,second-class,qualified,orunqualified.《测绘成果质量检查与验收》InspectionandAcceptanceofSurveyingandMappingResultsThequalityscoreofunitachievementsisbetween90and100,andthequalitylevelisratedasexcellent.单位成果质量得分在90-100之间，质量等级评定为优级品；Thequalityscoreofunitachievementsisbetween75-90,andthequalitylevelisratedasgoodgrade.单位成果质量得分在75--90之间，质量等级评定为良级品Thequalityscoreofunitachievementsisbetween60-75,andthequalitylevelisevaluatedasqualifiedproducts.单位成果质量得分在60--75之间，质量等级评定为合格品《测绘成果质量检查与验收》InspectionandAcceptanceofSurveyingandMappingResults不合格品Unqualified质量元素检查结果不满足规定的合格条件Theinspectionresultsofqualityelementsdonotmeetthespecifiedqualifiedconditions.位置精度检查中误差比例大于5%Theproportionoftheaveragedeviationinthepositionaccuracycheckisgreaterthan5%.质量元素出现不合格Thereisanunqualifiedqualityelement.上述单位成果质量得分是如何获得的呢？Howwastheunitproductqualityscoreobtained?数字测图成果质量等级QualityGradesforDigitalMappingProductsABCDAA类为极重要或极严重检查项的错漏，每出现一个扣42分；Acategoryisforextremelyimportantorextremelyseriousinspectionitems,andeachoneisdeducted42points；数字测图成果质量等级QualityGradesforDigitalMappingProducts数字测图成果质量等级QualityGradesforDigitalMappingProductsBB类为重要或严重检查项的错漏，每出现一个扣12/t分；Bcategoryisforimportantorseriousinspectionitems,andeachoneisdeducted12/tpoints；数字测图成果质量等级QualityGradesforDigitalMappingProductsCC类为较重要或较严重检查项的错漏，每出现一个扣4/t分；Ccategoryisforrelativelyimportantorrelativelyseriousinspectionitems,andeachoneisdeducted4/tpoints；数字测图成果质量等级QualityGradesforDigitalMappingProductsDD类为一般检查项的轻微错漏，每出现一个扣1/t分。Dcategoryisforminorerrorsandomissionsofgeneralinspectionitems,andeachoneisdeducted1/tpoints.数字测图成果质量等级QualityGradesforDigitalMappingProductst=取值范围为0.8～1.2t=avaluerangeof0.8～1.2质量元素A类B类C类D类数学基础1.坐标或高程系统采用错误、独立坐标系统投影计算错误2.平面或高程起算点使用错误3.图根控制测量精度超限

平面精度1.地物点平面绝对位置中误差超限2.相对位置中误差超限

高程精度1.高程注记点高程中误差超限2.等高线高程插求点高程中误差超限

数据及结构正确性1.数据无法读取或数据不齐全2.文件命名、数据格式错3.属性代码普遍不接边4.数据层漏名称错5.其他严重的错漏1.数据组织不正确2.部分属性代码不接边3.其他较重的错漏1.个别属性代码不接边2.其他一般的错漏其他轻微的错漏数字测图成果质量错漏分类表（1）QualityElemenClassAClassBClassCClassDMathematicalFoundation1.Errorsinusingthecoordinateorelevationsystem,orerrorsinprojectingindependentcoordinatesystems.2.Incorrectuseofplanarorelevationstartingpoints.3.Exceedingtheaccuracylimitforcontrolmeasurementsatthebasemaplevel.

PlanarAccuracy1.Theabsolutepositionalerrorofterrainfeaturepointsexceedsthelimitintheplane.2.Therelativepositionalerrorexceedsthelimit.

HeightorVerticalAccuracy1.Theverticalinterpolationpointelevationaccuracyoftheelevationannotationpointexceedsitslimit.2.Theelevationinterpolationpointelevationaccuracyofcontourlinesexceedsitslimit.

Dataandstructuralcorrectness1.Dataisunreadableorincomplete.2.Filenamingconventionsanddataformatsareincorrect.3.Attributecodesdonotmatchconsistently.4.Datalayersaremissingnamesorhaveincorrectones.5.Otherseveredefectsoromissionsexist.1.Dataorganizationisincorrect.2.Someattributecodesdonotmatchconsistently.3.Othersignificantdefectsoromissionsexist.1.Someindividualattributecodesdonotmatchconsistently.2.Othergeneraldefectsoromissionsexist.Otherminordefectsoromissions.TableofQualityDefectsandOmissionsinDigitalMappingProducts(Part1)数字测图成果质量错漏分类表（2）质量元素A类B类C类D类地理精度1.一般注记普遍错漏20%以上2.县及以上境界错漏达图上15cm3.错漏比高在2倍等高距以上，图上长度超过15cm的陡坎4.漏绘面积超过图上4cm2二层及以上房屋，6cm2

的一层房屋5.存在普遍的综合取舍不合理6.地貌表示严重失真7.漏绘一组等高线8.其他严重的错漏1.双线河、双线道路、乡镇级居民地名称错漏2.行政村及以上行政名称错漏3.图根点密度、埋石点数量不符合设计或规范要求4.一般注记错漏达10%~20%5.有方位意义的重要独立地物错漏6.￠≧30cm管线类别、转折点错漏7.高程注记点密度与规定不符8.地物、地貌各要素主次不分明，线条不清晰，位置不准确，交待不清楚，造成判读困难9.重要地物、地貌符号用错10.多数特征位置漏注高程注记11.比高在2倍等高距以上，图上长度超过10cm的陡坎错漏1.错漏比高在2倍等高距以上，长度超过5cm的陡坎2.双线道路路面材料错漏3.水系流向错漏4.错漏小片明显特征地貌5.漏绘双线道路或水系超过图上5cm、双线桥梁及其附属建筑物6.错漏较高经济价值的植被图上10cm27.漏绘面积达图上1cm2二层及以上房屋，2cm2的一层房屋8.漏绘垣栅超过图上2cm9.楼房层次错10.其他一般的错漏QualityElementsClassAClassBClassCClassDGeographicPrecision1.Morethan20%ofgeneralannotationsaregenerallydefectiveoromitted.2.Boundariesofcountiesandabovearedefectiveoromittedbymorethan15cmonthemap.3.Steepcliffswithadefectratiohigherthantwicethecontourinterval,withlengthsexceeding15cmonthemap.4.Areaswherebuildingsoftwostoriesormore,withanareagreaterthan4cm2,andsingle-storybuildingswithanareaof6cm2,arenotdrawnonthemap.5.Therearewidespreadissueswithunreasonablecomprehensivecompromises.6.Topographicrepresentationisseverelydistorted.7.Asetofcontourshasbeenomitted.8.Otherseriousdefectsoromissionsexist.1.Double-linerivers,double-lineroads,andtown-levelsettlementnamescontaindefectsoromissions.2.Administrativevillagenamesandabovearedefectiveoromitted.3.Thedensityofbasepointsandnumberofburiedstonepointsdonotmeetdesignorspecificationrequirements.4.Generalannotationshavedefectsoromissionsrangingfrom10%to20%.5.Importantstandalonefeatureswithdirectionalsignificancearedefectiveoromitted.6.￠≧30cmPipelinecategoryandturningpointdefectsoromissions.7.Elevationannotationpointdensitydoesnotconformtospecifications.8.Themainandsecondaryelementsoftopographyandlandformareunclear,linesarenotsharp,positionsareinaccurate,explanationsareambiguous,leadingtodifficultiesininterpretation.9.Importantsymbolsfortopographicalandlandformfeaturesareusedincorrectly.10.Mostfeaturelocationslackelevationannotation.11.Steepcliffswithadefectratiohigherthantwicethecontourinterval,withlengthsexceeding10cmonthemap,aredefectiveoromitted.1.Steepcliffswithadefectratiohigherthantwicethecontourinterval,withlengthsexceeding5cm,aredefectiveoromitted.2.Roadsurfacematerialfordouble-lineroadscontainsdefectsoromissions.3.Riverflowdirectionisdefectiveoromitted.4.Smallareasofdistinctivetopographyaredefectiveoromitted.5.Double-lineroadsorwaterwaysthatexceed5cmonthemap,aswellasassociatedbuildings,arenotdrawn.6.Vegetationofhigheconomicvalue,amountingtoover10cm2,isnotdepictedcorrectly.7.Buildingsthataretwoormorestoriestall,coveringanareaof1cm2

orlarger,orsingle-storyhousescoveringanareaof2cm2,areabsentfromthemap.8.Fencesorwallstallerthantwocentimetersarenotdepicted.9.Buildingfloorlevelsareincorrect.10.Othercommondefectsoromissionsexist.TableofQualityDefectsandOmissionsinDigitalMappingProducts(Part2)单位产品质量得分计算方法MethodforCalculatingUnitProductQualityScoresS＝X－42i－（12/t）j－（1/t）KX——单位产品预置得分；Intheformula,Xistheinitialscoreoftheunitproduct;i——单位产品中严重缺陷的个数；iisthenumberofseriousdefectsintheunitproduct;j——单位产品中重缺陷的个数，jisthenumberofseveredefectsintheunitproduct;K——单位产品中轻缺陷的个数；Kisthenumberoflightdefectsintheunitproduct;t——缺陷值调整系数。tisthedefectvalueadjustmentcoefficient.生产单位最终检查质量评定时，X预置得分为100分。验收单位进行质量核定时，X预置得分根据生产单位最终检查评定的质量等级取其最高分，即优级品、良级品、合格品分别为100、89、74分。Whentheproductionunitcarriesoutthefinalinspectionqualityassessment,theinitialscoreXissetto100points.Whentheacceptanceunitcarriesoutthequalityverification,theinitialscoreXissettothehighestscoreaccordingtothequalitygradeevaluatedbytheproductionunitduringthefinalinspection,thatis,thescoresforfirst-class,second-class,andqualifiedproductsare100,89,and74points,respectively.单位产品质量得分计算方法MethodforCalculatingUnitProductQualityScores检验的基本情况，包括检验的时间、检验地点、检验方式、检验人员、检验的软硬件设备等情况。Thebasicinformationoftheinspection,includingthetime,location,inspectionmethod,inspectionpersonnel,andinspectionsoftwareandhardwareequipment.01检验工作概况Overviewofinspectionwork测绘成果质量检查报告的内容ContentsofSurveyResultsQualityInspectionReport简述成果生产的基本情况，包括来源、测区位置、生产单位、资质等级、生产日期、生产方式、成果形式、批量等。Abriefdescriptionofthebasicsituationoftheproductionoftheresults,includingthesource,locationofthesurveyarea,productionunit,qualificationlevel,productiondate,productionmethod,formoftheresults,andbatch.02受检成果概况Theoverviewoftheinspectedresults测绘成果质量检查报告的内容ContentsofSurveyResultsQualityInspectionReport包括抽样依据，抽样方法，样本数量等。若为计数抽样，应列出抽样方案。Includingthesamplingbasis,samplingmethod,samplesize,etc.Ifitisacountingsampling,thesamplingplanshouldbelisted.03抽样情况Samplingsituation测绘成果质量检查报告的内容ContentsofSurveyResultsQualityInspectionReport阐述检查的技术依据、成果的各个检验参数及检验方法。Explainthetechnicalbasisoftheinspection,theinspectionparametersoftheresults,andtheinspectionmethods.04检验内容及方法Theinspectioncontentsandmethods测绘成果质量检查报告的内容ContentsofSurveyResultsQualityInspectionReport按检验参数，分别叙述样本成果中存在的主要质量问题，并举例（图幅号、点号等）说明。Narratethemainqualityproblemsexistinginthesampleresultsaccordingtotheinspectionparameters,andprovideexamples(suchasmapsheetnumber,pointnumber,etc.)toillustrate.05存在的主要问题及处理情况

Themainproblemsandhandlingsituation测绘成果质量检查报告的内容ContentsofSurveyResultsQualityInspectionReporta）样本质量统计：缺陷类型及数量、样本得分、样本质量评定；Samplequalitystatistics:defecttypesandquantities,samplescores,samplequalityassessment;b）按检验参数分别对成果质量进行叙述并给出检查结论；Narratethequalityoftheresultsaccordingtotheinspectionparametersandprovidetheinspectionconclusions.06质量统计及检查结论Qualitystatisticsandinspectionconclusions.测绘成果质量检查报告的内容ContentsofSurveyResultsQualityInspectionReport07附件Attachments附件包括附图和附表，若无附件，可不列本条。Attachmentsincludeattachmentsandappendixes.Iftherearenoattachments,thisitemcanbeomitted.测绘成果质量检查报告的内容ContentsofSurveyResultsQualityInspectionReport由于数字地形图内容繁杂并有一定的评价主观性，因此，熟悉数字地形图质量评定相关内容，可使我们在地形图生产过程中，增强质量控制意识、加强质量控制措施，生产高质量的产品。Duetothecomplexityofdigitalterrainmapsandthesubjectivenatureoftheirevaluation,beingfamiliarwiththerelevantcontentofdigitalterrainmapqualityassessmentcanhelpusenhancetheawarenessofqualitycontrolandstrengthenthequalitycontrolmeasuresduringtheproductionprocess,andproducehigh-qualityproducts.THINKING举出几个容易出现的数字测图成果质量元素中地理精度的A类错漏，说明如何避免。Thereareseveralcommonerrorsandomissionsinthegeographicaccuracyofdigitalmappingresultsthatcaneasilyoccur,andexplainhowtoavoidthem.数字测图DigitalMappingDigitalTerrainMapDecoration数字地形图整饰数字地形图的整饰DecoratingDigitalTerrainMaps数字地形图的整饰要求与手工测图相似，但由于数字地形图使用绘图软件进行编辑，因此它的整饰内容比手工测图少。Therequirementsfordecoratingdigitalterrainmapsaresimilartothoseformanualmapping,butbecausedigitalterrainmapsareeditedusingdrawingsoftware,thecontentoftheirdecorationislessthanthatofmanualmapping.《国家基本比例尺地图图式第1部分：1:500，1:1000，1:2000地形图图式》《城市测量规范》《工程测量规范》《数字测绘成果质量检查与验收》数字地形图整饰常用的作业依据TheCommonlyUsedWorkingReferencesforDigitalTerrainMapDecorationNationalBasicScaleMapFormatPart1:1:500,1:1000,1:2000TopographicMapFormatsCodeofUrbanSurveyingSpecificationforEngineeringSurveyingQualityInspectionandAcceptanceofDigitalSurveyingandMappingResults0102Internaldecoration图内整饰图幅整饰Framedecoration数字地形图整饰的内容TheContentsofDigitalTopographicMapFinishing图内整饰就是对图廓内的图形进行整饰。Internaldecorationisthedecorationofgraphicswithinthemapborder.图内整饰的内容TheContentsofInternalDecoration控制点注记及取舍就是把测区各级基础控制点及埋石图根点全部进行注记，不埋石图根点可根据图面要求进行适当取舍，但均应将控制点符号标注于图面。Allthebasiccontrolpointsandrootpointsinthesurveyareaandtherootpointsoftheburiedstonemapsshouldbeannotated,andtherootpointsoftheburiedstonemapscanbeappropriatelyselectedaccordingtotherequirementsofthemapface.Thecontrolpointsymbolsshouldbemarkedonthemapface.01控制点注记及取舍Theannotationandselectionofcontrolpoints图内整饰的内容TheContentsofInternalDecoration1、等高线注记：即在每幅图均匀选中若干位置注记计曲线的高程，以方便读图者快速获取高程信息。Annotationofcontourlines:Thisinvolvesannotatingtheelevationofthecontourlinesatevenlyselectedlocationsoneachmaptofacilitateusersquicklyobtainingelevationinformation.02等高线处理Annotationofcontourlines图内整饰的内容TheContentsofInternalDecoration2、给山顶最高处和洼地最低处的封闭等高线加注示坡线，这对正、负地貌交错出现的区域（例如喀斯特地貌）尤其重要。Addslopelinestotheclosedcontourlinesatthehighestpointofthemountainandthelowestpointofthedepression.Thisisparticularlyimportantforareaswherepositiveandnegativeterrainareintermixed(suchaskarsttopography).图内整饰的内容TheContentsofInternalDecoration02等高线处理Annotationofcontourlines3、删减等高线节点：由于在对等高线进行打断、修改时，没有先将等高线的状态改为折线，使等高线上出现的非常密集的节点，增加图形数据的负荷。Deletecontourlinenodes:Becausewhenbreakingandmodifyingcontourlines,thestatusofcontourlinesisnotfirstchangedtopolyline,sothatverydensenodesappearoncontourlines,increasingtheloadofgraphicdata.图内整饰的内容TheContentsofInternalDecoration02等高线处理Annotationofcontourlines一般按每个坐标方格8-15个高程点进行注记，且必须均匀分布。Generally,8-15elevationpointsareannotatedineachcoordinategrid,andtheymustbeevenlydistributed.03高程点注记Theelevationpointannotation图内整饰的内容TheContentsofInternalDecoration对图廓外进行整饰称为图幅整饰。Thedecorationoftheborderoutsidethemapiscalledmapframedecoration.图幅整饰的内容TheContentsofInternalDecoration图形分幅，即将整个测区图形按规定要求划分为大小一致、排列整齐的图形。Graphicframedivision,whichistodividetheentiresurveyareagraphicaccordingtotherequiredspecificationsintoconsistentsizeandneatarrangementgraphics.01图形分幅Graphicframedivision图幅整饰的内容TheContentsofInternalDecoration图幅整饰的内容TheContentsofInternalDecoration【绘图处理】→【批量分幅】"Drawingprocessing"→"Batchframedivision"请选择图幅尺寸：(1)50×50(2)50×40（3）自定义尺寸<1>Pleaseselecttheframesize:(1)50×50(2)50×40(3)Customsize<1>输入测区一角：（在图形左下角点击左键）Inputonecornerofthesurveyarea:(clicktheleftbuttonatthelowerleftcornerofthegraphicatthistime)输入测区另一角：（在图形右上角点击左键）Inputanothercornerofthesurveyarea:(clicktheleftbuttonattheupperrightcornerofthegraphicatthistime)请输入批量分幅的取整方式：<1>取整到图幅<2>取整到十米<3>取整到米(1)（输入数字）Pleaseenterthebatchframedivisionroundingmethod:<1>Roundtotheframe(2)